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Goddess' Worship and Wicca. 4. Islam's goddess ... - Al-Qiyamah

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<strong>Goddess'</strong> <strong>Worship</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Wicca</strong>. <strong>4.</strong> <strong>Islam's</strong> <strong>goddess</strong>' worship<br />

Index:<br />

Islam <strong>and</strong> Goddess<br />

<strong>Worship</strong><br />

<strong>Al</strong>lah <strong>and</strong> his family<br />

The Three Goddesses<br />

<strong>Al</strong>-Lat<br />

Manat<br />

al-Uzza<br />

The Satanic Verses<br />

Image: a) the sign of Islam; b) the sign of the Great Goddess<br />

Islam is the largest <strong>and</strong> fastest growing cult or religion in the world. The most<br />

holy site of Islam is the black meteorite in Kaaba, Mecca. This stone is<br />

worshipped by veneration, as was practised before the advent of Islam. (See;<br />

Islamism).<br />

The sign of Islam is the Crescent, sometimes along with a star (see; image<br />

above), just as was the Babylonian Goddess worship (image: the Great Goddess).<br />

The most holy object in the Kaaba is the black meteorite stone,<br />

once the throne of Isis, now connected with <strong>Al</strong>lah. Another<br />

<strong>goddess</strong> objects in the Kaaba are the Crescents <strong>and</strong> the towers.<br />

Towers have been one of the main symbols of Babylonian<br />

paganism since the time of Nimrod. His followers decided to<br />

build their own tower, their own name. Later, Nimrod's wife,<br />

Semiramis, erected a 130 feet tower in Babylon. Babylonian<br />

pagans prostrated themselves before this icon, even mentioned in the third<br />

chapter of the Book of Daniel. Moses Maimonides, the mediveal Jewish<br />

philosopher, had read deeply into the learning of the Babylonians. He described<br />

the myth of Tammuz' death, quoted by Hislop in The Two Babylons, p. 62, as<br />

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follows:<br />

When the false prophet named Thammuz preached to a certain king that<br />

he should worship the seven stars <strong>and</strong> the twelve signs of the Zodiac, that<br />

king ordered him to be put to a terrible death. On the night of his death<br />

all the images assembled from the ends of the earth into the temple of<br />

Babylon, to the great golden image of the Sun, which was suspended<br />

between heaven <strong>and</strong> earth. That image prostrated itself in the midst of the<br />

temple, <strong>and</strong> so did all the images around it, while it related to them all<br />

that had happened to Thammuz. The images wept <strong>and</strong> lamented all the<br />

night long, <strong>and</strong> then in the morning they flew away, each to his own<br />

temple again, to the ends of the earth.<br />

Those familiar with the Biblical story of Daniel's friends should recognize this.<br />

The whole world bowed down in worship for the king's pagan gold image. The<br />

astonishing issue is, however, that Muslims still do. The prostrate themselves in<br />

the direction (qibla) of the former Goddess symbols in Mecca, now <strong>Al</strong>lah's<br />

sanctuary.<br />

From the beginning, towers or obelisks were symbols of pagan worship as<br />

conducted in Babylon <strong>and</strong> Egypt, <strong>and</strong> later all around the world. The obelisk<br />

was originally a symbol of Baal (Nimrod) <strong>and</strong> sexual rituals in the context of<br />

sun-worship. We also see these matzebah images in various places in the Bible,<br />

such as I Kings 14:23, 2 Kings 18:4, 23:14; Isaiah 17:8, 27:9; Jer. 43:13; Ezk.<br />

8:5; Micah 5:13).<br />

The name of Artemis, a version of Semiramis, probably meant "women who<br />

built towers", Cybele <strong>and</strong> Diana, another versions of Semiramis, were pictured<br />

carrying a tower, <strong>and</strong> we can trace this all the way Japan <strong>and</strong> China in the east,<br />

to Indians in America, the Vikings of the North <strong>and</strong> Africans in the South. We<br />

always see this tower connected with pagan worship, <strong>and</strong>, unfortunately, later<br />

adopted by the Roman Catholic church. And, of course, Islam has not only<br />

adopted the tower (minaret) but also the worship of meteorites, the Crescent<br />

<strong>and</strong> the Babylonian Star. And to conclude this discussion, <strong>Al</strong>lah himself was<br />

originally a pagan deity, related to astrological fertility worship <strong>and</strong> various<br />

other aspects of Babylonian paganism.<br />

<strong>Al</strong>lah <strong>and</strong> His Family<br />

Muslims usually argue that their ‘<strong>Al</strong>lah’ is the same deity as the<br />

Judeo-Christian God. For sincere Jews or Christians, that statement ought to be<br />

considered as a profound blasphemy, since it destroys their concept of God. By<br />

accepting such a thesis one is admitting Islam as the true religion, above<br />

Judaism <strong>and</strong> Christianity. One has not come across any arguments that can<br />

prove that ‘<strong>Al</strong>lah’ is just another name for the Judeo-Christian God. The<br />

Islamic scholar Caesar Farah states: "There is no reason, therefore, accept the<br />

idea that <strong>Al</strong>lah passed to the Muslims from the Christians <strong>and</strong> Jews." (Ceasar<br />

Farah, Islam: Beliefs <strong>and</strong> Observations (New York, 1987), 28.) And as their characters<br />

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are examined, they seem to be of a completely different nature <strong>and</strong> reveal<br />

contradicting scriptures.<br />

‘<strong>Al</strong>lah’, in fact, has a genealogy that can be traced through Yemen to Babylon,<br />

the mother of all idolatry. In Babylon, paganism began at the time of Nimrod,<br />

the alleged builder of the Tower of Babel. After the confusion of languages,<br />

Babylonian idolatry spread all over the world. Nimrod had been dei-fied <strong>and</strong><br />

was known as Baal, Molech,.... <strong>and</strong> finally, as <strong>Al</strong>lah. The Baal worship was<br />

conducted by sacrifices, prostrations <strong>and</strong> kissing the idol, (See I. Kings 19:18)<br />

which was the same type of service conducted at the Kaaba <strong>and</strong> other places in<br />

Arabia. There are also traces of a direct Baal worship among the Arabs: "And<br />

God helped him [King Uzziah of Juda] against the Philistines, <strong>and</strong> against the<br />

Arabians that dwelt in Gur-baal, <strong>and</strong> the Mehunims [probably Mineanites from<br />

Yemen]." (II Chron. 26:7) It was common to add Baal’s name to the city where<br />

he was worshipped <strong>and</strong> thus it was obviously so in Gur. Inscriptions with<br />

Baal’s name have been found in Central Arabia at some oasis where Arabian<br />

inhabitants had settled. The great scholar William Robertson Smith argues that<br />

the<br />

most developed cults of Arabia belong not to the pure nomads, but to<br />

these agricultural <strong>and</strong> trading settlements, which the Bedouin visited<br />

only as pilgrims, not to pay stated homage to the lord of the l<strong>and</strong> from<br />

which they drew their life, but in fulfilment of vows. (William Robertson<br />

Smith, The Religion of the Semites. The Fundamental Institutions (London, 1902),<br />

109.)<br />

Concerning the Kaaba, Muslims' holiest place, Ibn Ishaq gives us an example<br />

of such fulfilment of vows, when he reports the story of a Jurhum woman who<br />

"had been barren <strong>and</strong> vowed to <strong>Al</strong>lah that if she bore a son she would give him<br />

to the Kaaba as a slave to serve it <strong>and</strong> to look after it." (quoted in; Guillaume, The<br />

Life of Muhammad, 49.) In Mesopotamia, <strong>and</strong> consequently in all the known<br />

world, the firstfruits of the crops or cattle were sacrificed to the fertility god. A<br />

sacred plot of l<strong>and</strong> was offered to the deity, where he could abide <strong>and</strong> accept<br />

their offerings. In Mecca, the earlier fertility god named Baal was replaced with<br />

desert gods, the Aramaic <strong>Al</strong>lah <strong>and</strong> the Yemenite Hubal.<br />

The ancient world usually worshipped a pantheon of gods, where higher <strong>and</strong><br />

lesser gods battled for supremacy. <strong>Al</strong>l these pantheons had many similarities,<br />

for example, always including a relationship between a high male-god <strong>and</strong> a<br />

mother<strong>goddess</strong>. Religious beliefs were often a spiritual form or the exaltation<br />

of the society the worshippers happened to be a part of. In primitive tribal<br />

societies, the family was the integral part which formed the basis of solidarity,<br />

wealth, protection <strong>and</strong> daily support. Thus, a family of deities was the normal<br />

state of worship.<br />

In Arabian archaeology a large number of inscriptions on rocks, tablets <strong>and</strong><br />

walls, have pointed to the worship of a family of four; one male <strong>and</strong> his three<br />

‘daughters’ or <strong>goddess</strong>es. Those three <strong>goddess</strong>es are sometimes engraved<br />

together with <strong>Al</strong>lah, represented by a crescent moon above them. But <strong>Al</strong>lah was<br />

the ‘Lord of the Kaaba... Lord of Manat, al-Lat, <strong>and</strong> al-Uzza...<strong>and</strong> even as<br />

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‘Lord of Sirius’.’(Peters, Muhammad, 98.) His ‘daughters’ were his associates,<br />

helpers <strong>and</strong> were themselves worshipped, after the manner of ancient<br />

Babylonian customs <strong>and</strong> symbolised by astronomical symbols.<br />

The Three Goddesses<br />

Mediterranean mythology included the worship of the Mother <strong>goddess</strong> who<br />

appeared under three natures, names <strong>and</strong> faces. Adam McLean, a leading<br />

authority on <strong>goddess</strong>es, states:<br />

The triplicity of the Goddess is very important. This is not merely a<br />

multiplying by three, but rather a threefold manifestation; the Goddess<br />

reveals herself on three levels, in the three realms of the world <strong>and</strong> of<br />

humankind.<br />

Those three faces correspond to heaven, earth <strong>and</strong> the underworld; or past,<br />

present <strong>and</strong> future. McLean continues:<br />

The most important triple aspect of the Goddess is her manifestation as<br />

Virgin/Mother/Crone. This is perhaps the easiest representation with<br />

whom people can identify, as this triplicity corresponds to the three<br />

phases of woman’s life... the Young Woman/Mother/Old woman. (Adam<br />

McLean, The Triple Goddess. An Exploration of the Archetypal Feminine (Gr<strong>and</strong><br />

Rapids, 1989), 14-15.)<br />

It is noteworthy that those three <strong>goddess</strong>es were, in certain places, represented<br />

by meteorites or aeroliths, stones that had fallen from heaven, just as the Kaaba<br />

stone in Mecca. (Ibid, 52.) Merlin Stone noted that in Aphrodite’s temple in<br />

Cyprus a certain stone was anointed by oil each year at the feast of the <strong>goddess</strong>.<br />

The same stone worship was conducted at Baalat’s temple at Byblos. (As <strong>Al</strong>lat<br />

was the feminine version of <strong>Al</strong>lah, so was Baalat the feminine version of Baal.)<br />

The Romans venerated the captured Carthagian stone-<strong>goddess</strong> Cybele <strong>and</strong> also<br />

the Greeks in Asia Minor. (Merlin Stone, ‘Goddess <strong>Worship</strong> in the Ancient Near East’ in<br />

Religions of Antiquity, 65-66.) Concerning our subject, we find the same<br />

character-istics. <strong>Al</strong>l over Arabia, these same symbols have been found as<br />

representing the worship of a triple Arabian <strong>goddess</strong>es. McLean states:<br />

Long before the coming of the austere patriarchal system of Islam, the<br />

Arabic people worshipped this trinity of desert Goddesses who were the<br />

three facets of the one Goddess. <strong>Al</strong>-Uzza (‘the mighty’) represented the<br />

Virgin warrior facet; she was a desert Goddess of the morning star who<br />

had a sanctuary in a grove of acacia trees to the south of Mecca, where<br />

she was worshipped in the form of a sacred stone. <strong>Al</strong>-Lat, whose name<br />

means simply ‘Goddess’, was the Mother facet connected with the Earth<br />

<strong>and</strong> its fruits <strong>and</strong> the ruler of fecundity. She was worshipped at At-Ta’if<br />

near Mecca in the form of a great uncut block of white granite. Manat,<br />

the crone facet of the Goddess, ruled fate <strong>and</strong> death. Her principal<br />

sanctuary was located on the road between Mecca <strong>and</strong> Medina, where<br />

she was worshipped in the form of a black uncut stone. (McLean, The<br />

Triple Goddess, 80.)<br />

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This <strong>goddess</strong> appearing under many names throughout the world of antiquity is<br />

the same as was represented as Baal’s wife. She was called Astarte, Semiramis,<br />

Ashtaroth, Isis, Venus, Fortuna, Diana, Asherah, Elat, etc.. Indeed, Isis was<br />

known as the mother of one thous<strong>and</strong> names. However, regardless of her<br />

various titles, she was Baal’s wife <strong>and</strong> worshipped as such. (Judges 2:13). Baal<br />

is said to have had three daughters, who were apparently called by different<br />

names around the ancient world. (Cooper, Canaanite Religion, 86.) They were also<br />

considered his brides, with whom he swore to build a house. The ‘Building<br />

Saga’ is discussed in (Julian Obermann, Ugaritic Mythology. A Study of Its Leading<br />

Motifs (New Haven, 1948)). The Quraysh adopted <strong>Al</strong>lah as Baal, <strong>and</strong> added the<br />

<strong>goddess</strong>es to his cult the same way as Baal had three daughters in the Fertile<br />

Crescent. They venerated him <strong>and</strong> his three female companions in his new<br />

House, the Kaaba at Mecca.<br />

One of the aspects of <strong>goddess</strong> worship that has survived in Islam, as well as,<br />

for example, in Roman Catholicism, is the rosary. Through the ages the<br />

worshippers of <strong>goddess</strong>es had used the rosary for prayers <strong>and</strong> it is still in use in<br />

the worship of female deities all over the world, for example by Hindus in<br />

India. The rosary is connected with fertility worship when the deity’s name is<br />

repeated over <strong>and</strong> over again. (Compare to Matthew 6:7-13 <strong>and</strong> Acts 19:3<strong>4.</strong>) It<br />

is called tasbih or subha in Arabic, <strong>and</strong> simply means ‘an object which one<br />

praises.’ The Muslim rosary is supposed to contain 99 beads, representing the<br />

titles of ‘<strong>Al</strong>lah’, but usually it only has 33 beads, slipped through one’s fingers<br />

three times. (Compare to the Koran 7:180.) This pagan custom, which is dated<br />

to Astarte worship from about 800 BCE, still survives in Islam as well as in<br />

many other cults around the world.<br />

Ancient Middle Eastern mythology often pictured the Mother <strong>goddess</strong> with a<br />

son, such as Isis-Horus in Egypt <strong>and</strong> Astarte-Tammuz in the Fertile Crescent.<br />

This mother-son worship was established throughout the world. In China there<br />

was the Mother Shingmoo, Hertha in ancient Germany, Nutria in ancient Italy<br />

(Etrusca), Indrani in India, Aphrodite in Greece, Venus in Rome, Cybele in<br />

Asia Minor <strong>and</strong> Carthage, Diana in Ephesus, Isis in Egypt etc.. In Hijaz, on the<br />

other h<strong>and</strong>, there was no harvest <strong>and</strong> thus no worship of fertility gods as such.<br />

Its patriarchal society soon changed the ancient mother-son worship to<br />

father-daughter worship. <strong>Al</strong>lah was the father, <strong>and</strong> his daughters were <strong>Al</strong>-Lat,<br />

Manat <strong>and</strong> al-Uzza.<br />

<strong>Al</strong>-Lat (<strong>Al</strong>lat)<br />

<strong>Al</strong>-Lat, the female version of the Aramaic <strong>Al</strong>lah, was the ‘Lady of the<br />

Temple’ at the Semitic Pantheon of Palmyra, frequently mentioned in sources<br />

from ancient periods. Her cult was shared by the tribes of Bene Maazin <strong>and</strong><br />

Bene Nurbel in that city. The former tribe probably provided the guardians or<br />

priests for her sanctuary, which was probably established after the Nabatean<br />

occupation of Syria, including Damascus, in 85 BCE. (Javier Teixidor, The<br />

Pantheon at Palmyra, 55-58.)<br />

<strong>Al</strong>-Lat was the mother <strong>goddess</strong> (al-Ilahah), representing the sun. She was the<br />

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mother figure among the gods <strong>and</strong> <strong>goddess</strong>es, the Great Earth Mother of<br />

ancient mythology, <strong>and</strong> the Astarte of the Arabs. Javier Teixidor states:<br />

It is not surprising to find at Palmyra different names for the same deity.<br />

<strong>Al</strong>lat ... Astarte ... all conceal one sole <strong>goddess</strong>, the female deity of<br />

heaven in whose cult Arab Palmyrenes as well as members of the<br />

western tribes were united. (Ibid, 61.)<br />

She was brought to the Hijaz from Palmyra, probably through Teima. <strong>Al</strong>fred<br />

Guillaume states:<br />

<strong>Al</strong>-Lat... is mentioned by Herodotus; in old Arabian inscriptions; <strong>and</strong> in<br />

the pre-Islamic poets; <strong>and</strong> was the great mother <strong>goddess</strong> who, under<br />

various names, was worshipped all over the ancient world. Ta’if, a town<br />

near Mecca, was the centre of her worship [in Arabia proper]. (Guillaume,<br />

The Life of Muhammad, 24, 38.)<br />

In Ta’if there was a temple dedicated to al-Lat, (Guillaume, Islam, 7.) the city’s<br />

deity, according to Ibn Ishaq, <strong>and</strong> she was represented by a square-stone. (Hitti,<br />

History of the Arabs, 98 ). The Mother <strong>goddess</strong> was often repres-ent-ed by a<br />

stone, mountain, cave, pillar or rock. Stones are among the oldest symb-ols of<br />

Mother worship, as Erich Neumann discussed in detail. (Erich Neumann, The<br />

Great Mother (Princeton, 1953/1991), 260.) The Meccans had been on friendly terms<br />

with the Ta’ifians, especially since most of their food was bought or grown in<br />

Ta’if, <strong>and</strong> that city was also the main commercial centre in the Hijaz, since it<br />

lay on the Yemen-Mesopotamia overl<strong>and</strong> trading route. According to Ibn<br />

al-Khalbi:<br />

<strong>Al</strong>-Lat stood in al-Ta’if <strong>and</strong> was more recent than Manat. She was a<br />

cubic rock beside which a certain Jew used to prepare his barley<br />

porridge. Her custody was in the h<strong>and</strong>s of Banu Attab ibn Malik of the<br />

Thaqif, who had built an edifice over her.... The Quraysh, as well as all<br />

the Arabs, were wont to venerate al-Lat. They used to name their<br />

children after her, calling them Zayd al-Lat <strong>and</strong> Taym al-Lat. (Quoted in<br />

Peters, Muhammad, 110).<br />

The Nabateans also venerated <strong>Al</strong>lat as the ‘mother of the gods’, the same as the<br />

Urania of Hellenism. According to Tor Andrae:<br />

Thus we have a right to assume that in Arabic circles <strong>Al</strong>lat<br />

correspond-ed with the great Semitic <strong>goddess</strong> of motherhood, fertility<br />

<strong>and</strong> heaven, <strong>and</strong> especially with the form which she assumed in Western<br />

Semitic reg-ions. In Taif, where her most important sancturay was<br />

located, she was called simply <strong>Al</strong> Rabba, ‘sovereign’, a title which<br />

belonged also to Ishtar (Belit) <strong>and</strong> Astarte (Baalat). (Tor Andrae,<br />

Mohammad. The Man <strong>and</strong> His Faith (London, 1936), 17.)<br />

When Muhammed conquered Mecca <strong>and</strong> some of its neighbouring tribes, he<br />

turned to Ta’if <strong>and</strong> its temple of al-Lat. A Muslim poet said about the attack on<br />

Ta’if:<br />

Don’t help al-Lat for <strong>Al</strong>lah is about to destroy her.<br />

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How can one who cannot help herself be helped?<br />

She was burned in black smoke <strong>and</strong> caught fire.<br />

None fighting before her stones, is an outcast.<br />

When the apostle descends on your l<strong>and</strong><br />

None of her people will be left when he leaves.<br />

(Guillaume, The Life of Muhammad, 588.)<br />

<strong>Al</strong>lat was the equivalent of Ishtar-Astarte in the mother-father Semitic cult<br />

worship. In contrast to the Fertile Crescent region, the Arabs worshipped her as<br />

the sun, not the moon which is masculine in Arabia. However, the Semitic cults<br />

connected the <strong>goddess</strong> worship with love, <strong>and</strong> thus, its absence with the<br />

opposite. As Erich Neumann states:<br />

Withdrawal of love can appear as a withdrawal of all the functions<br />

constituting the positive side of the elementary character. Thus hunger<br />

<strong>and</strong> thirst may take place of food, cold of warmth, defenselessness of<br />

protection, nakedness of shelter <strong>and</strong> clothing, <strong>and</strong> distress of<br />

contentment.... Consequently, the symbols of exile <strong>and</strong> desert also<br />

belong to the present context. (Neumann, The Great Mother, 67-68.)<br />

Thus, the Arabs were left with the loneliness of the desert <strong>and</strong> in order to make<br />

the best of the situation, the moon-<strong>goddess</strong> of the fertile l<strong>and</strong>s was transformed<br />

into the sun-<strong>goddess</strong> of the desert. <strong>Al</strong>-Lat was the Great Mother who fed her<br />

children as necessary. But when it came to fortune the Arabs turned to Manat.<br />

Manat<br />

Manat is believed to be the Arabs’ original <strong>goddess</strong>, appearing some time<br />

before al-Uzza <strong>and</strong> al-Lat. Her name appears in the house of Baal in 32 CE, but<br />

she originated much earlier among the Arabs. Manat seems to have arrived in<br />

Arabia from Palmyra, where she was worshipped along with Baal. She was<br />

venerated beside several other deities in a temple called ‘the house of the gods,’<br />

(Teixidor, The Pantheon of Palmyra 3, 12-18 — The Pagan god, 116.) the Palmyran<br />

equivalent of the Kaaba. Manat was the controller of the Arabs’ fortunes <strong>and</strong><br />

the mystery of life <strong>and</strong> death. She was the chief deity of al-Aus <strong>and</strong> al-Khazraj<br />

<strong>and</strong> other pagan inhabitants of Yathrib (Medina). It seems that she was<br />

represented by a wooden image, which was covered in blood during her<br />

worship. (Guillaume, The Life of Muhammad, 38-39, 207.) Manat’s sanctuary was in a<br />

place near Yathrib where the Aus <strong>and</strong> Khazraj visited on their way back from<br />

their pilgrimages to Mecca. Ibn al-Khalbi states:<br />

The Aus <strong>and</strong> Khazraj, as well as those Arabs among the people of<br />

Yathrib <strong>and</strong> other places who followed their way of life, were<br />

accustomed to go on Hajj <strong>and</strong> observe the ‘st<strong>and</strong>ing’ at all the appointed<br />

places, but not shave their heads [as was customary during the<br />

pilgrimage]. At the end of Hajj, however, when they were about to return<br />

home, they would set out to the place where Manat stood, shave their<br />

heads <strong>and</strong> stay there for a while. (Quoted in Peters, Muhammad, 110.)<br />

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<strong>Goddess'</strong> <strong>Worship</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Wicca</strong>. <strong>4.</strong> <strong>Islam's</strong> <strong>goddess</strong>' worship<br />

This <strong>goddess</strong> of fate <strong>and</strong> time in ancient paganism was revered <strong>and</strong> worshipped<br />

with the same zeal as the Mother figure itself. In Greece Moirai, the <strong>goddess</strong> of<br />

fate, was the daughter of the Night, as well as Moros <strong>and</strong> Erinyes (compare to<br />

al-Lat <strong>and</strong> al-Uzza). Attributed to the <strong>goddess</strong> of fate was the sharing of booty,<br />

l<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> labour between clans. She was concerned with birth, marriage <strong>and</strong><br />

death <strong>and</strong>, in the relation with men, warfare <strong>and</strong> raids.<br />

Manat was much revered by the Arabs but her worship was dwindling at the<br />

time of Muhammed, probably due to Jewish influence in Medina. This shows<br />

how easily the al-Aus <strong>and</strong> al-Khazraj tribes were willing to ab<strong>and</strong>on their<br />

religion in favour of Islam.<br />

<strong>Al</strong>-Uzza<br />

Some sources say that al-Uzza was brought to Mecca by the Quraysh <strong>and</strong><br />

enjoined to the already established Kaaba worship, but she probably was a local<br />

deity in Mecca since the time of ‘Amr ibn Lubayy. In Muhammed’s time,<br />

al-Uzza was the most important of the Meccan local deities, perhaps save for<br />

‘the Lord’ Hubal. Her main sanctuary was in a valley called Hurad, just outside<br />

Mecca. ‘It was complete with a haram <strong>and</strong> a sacrificial altar.’ (Ibid, 110.)<br />

<strong>Al</strong>fred Guillaume states that evidence ‘for her worship from the fourth century<br />

AD is copious. Tradition states that in his youth Muhammad sacrificed a white<br />

sheep to her.’ The Arabs offered human sacrifices to al-Uzza <strong>and</strong><br />

the blood of the victims was smeared or poured on them while the<br />

tribes-men danced round the stone... The devotees licked the blood, or<br />

dipped their h<strong>and</strong>s in it, <strong>and</strong> thus a reciprocal bond held them to one<br />

another <strong>and</strong> the deity to whom the stone belonged. Nilus, a Christian<br />

writer, gives a fairly full account of such a sacrifice to Uzza. Though<br />

there is no trace of human sacrifices in the Quran, it is clear from the<br />

authority just quoted <strong>and</strong> from early Arab sources that human beings<br />

were sacrificed to these gods in Duma <strong>and</strong> Hira. (Guillaume, Islam, 8-9.)<br />

Ibn Ishaq states that al-Uzza had a slaughter place (ghabghab), where the blood<br />

was poured out. An Arab poet said:<br />

Asma’ was given as a dowry the head of a little red cow<br />

Which a man of the Banu Ghanm had sacrificed<br />

He saw blemish in her eye when he led her away<br />

To al-Uzza’s slaughter-place <strong>and</strong> divided her into goodly portions.<br />

Muhammed had, according to tradition, sacrificed a sheep to her, <strong>and</strong> it might<br />

very well be that it had been done at Mount Hira, which was now Muhammed’s<br />

place of devotion to the moon-god <strong>Al</strong>lah <strong>and</strong> his daughter al-Uzza. It has been<br />

stated that the Arabs sacrificed infant boys <strong>and</strong> girls to the morning star,<br />

al-Uzza. (Andrae, Mohammed, 17-18.) Ibn al-Khalbi states:<br />

The Quraysh as well as other Arabs who inhabited Mecca did not give to<br />

any of their idols anything similar to their veneration of al-Uzza. The<br />

next in order of veneration was <strong>Al</strong>-Lat <strong>and</strong> then Manat. (Peters,<br />

Muhammad, 111.)<br />

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<strong>Goddess'</strong> <strong>Worship</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Wicca</strong>. <strong>4.</strong> <strong>Islam's</strong> <strong>goddess</strong>' worship<br />

During the armed confrontation between the Meccans <strong>and</strong> Muhammed at Badr<br />

(AH 2), the former carried al-Uzza’s banner to battle. Tradition says that<br />

Muhammed sent Khalid ibn al-Walid, who later conquered Syria for Islam, to<br />

destroy al-Uzza’s temple in Nakhla. There, some of the tribes of Quraysh <strong>and</strong><br />

Kinana, <strong>and</strong> all the Mudar tribe, used to worship. When the guardian of al-Uzza<br />

heard that Khalid was approaching "he hung his sword on her, climbed the<br />

mountain on which she stood," <strong>and</strong> said:<br />

O ‘Uzza, make an annihilating attack on Khalid,<br />

Throw aside your veil <strong>and</strong> gird up your train<br />

O ‘Uzza, if you do not kill this man Khalid<br />

Then bear a swift punishment or become a Christian.<br />

However, according to tradition, Khalid <strong>and</strong> his army destroyed the al-Uzza<br />

idol <strong>and</strong> returned to Muhammed. (Guillaume, The Life of Muhammad, 565-566.)<br />

When these idols had all been destroyed, ‘<strong>Al</strong>lah’ reigned supreme in the Hijaz.<br />

The threefaced Mother Goddess had vanished from the visible sphere, but still<br />

lives in Muslim legends according to the ‘Satanic verses’.<br />

The ‘Satanic Verses’<br />

The chapter of Muhammed’s life the Muslims want to forget most of all is the<br />

affair of the ‘Satanic verses’, made worldfamous by Salman Rushdie’s novel by<br />

the same name. The setting is Mecca, some years before the hijra, most likely<br />

in 619 CE, when Muhammed’s protector, Abu Talib, <strong>and</strong> his wife, Khadija, had<br />

both died. The Meccans had become increasingly hostile towards him <strong>and</strong><br />

ridiculed his mission in every possible way. What was probably worse, they<br />

tempted Muhammed by promising him fame <strong>and</strong> fortune if he would refrain<br />

from attacking their deities. Muhammed was unwilling to compromise his<br />

mission <strong>and</strong> declined their offer. Then the next temptation came, as al-Tabari<br />

narrates:<br />

‘If you will not do so, we offer you one means which will be to your<br />

advantage <strong>and</strong> to ours.’ ‘What is it?’ he [Muhammed] asked. They said:<br />

‘You will worship our gods, al-Lat <strong>and</strong> al-’Uzza, for a year, <strong>and</strong> we shall<br />

worship your god for a year.’ ‘Let me see what revelation comes to me<br />

from my Lord’ he replied. Then, the following inspiration came from the<br />

Preserved Tablet [the Koran which ‘<strong>Al</strong>lah’ preserves in heaven]. (W. M.<br />

Watt <strong>and</strong> M. V. McDonald (transl. & annotators), The History of al-Tabari (volume<br />

IV: Muhammad at Mecca. New York, 1988), 107.)<br />

The continuation al-Tabari adopted from Ibn Ishaq’s narrative which stated:<br />

When the apostle saw that his people turned their backs on him <strong>and</strong> he<br />

was pained by their estrangement from what he brought them from<br />

<strong>Al</strong>lah, he longed that there should come to him from <strong>Al</strong>lah a message<br />

that would reconcile his people to him. Because of his love for his people<br />

<strong>and</strong> his anxiety over them, it would delight him if the obstacle that made<br />

his task so difficult could be removed; so that he meditated on the project<br />

<strong>and</strong> longed for it <strong>and</strong> it was dear for him. Then <strong>Al</strong>lah sent down ‘By the<br />

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<strong>Goddess'</strong> <strong>Worship</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Wicca</strong>. <strong>4.</strong> <strong>Islam's</strong> <strong>goddess</strong>' worship<br />

star when it sets your comrades errs not <strong>and</strong> is not deceived, he speaks<br />

not from his own desire.’ (Guillaume, The Life of Muhammad, 165.)<br />

Then Muhammed’s revelation continued: ‘Have you thought upon <strong>Al</strong>-Lat <strong>and</strong><br />

al-Uzza <strong>and</strong> on Manat, the third other? Are yours the males, <strong>and</strong> His the<br />

females?’ (The Koran 53:19.) In a patriarchal society it was a shame to have<br />

only daughters, as Muhammed had only daughters <strong>and</strong> was embarrassed for<br />

this very reason. Thus ‘<strong>Al</strong>lah’ would be imperfect due to his inability to<br />

procreate sons. Muhammed thus concluded that it would be better for ‘<strong>Al</strong>lah’ to<br />

have no children at all.<br />

Ibn Ishaq stated that Muhammed added: ‘... these are the exalted Gharaniq<br />

whose intercession is approved.’ A Gharaniq was thought to be an angelic<br />

creature, who could fly at a great height, <strong>and</strong> thus were exalted above men.<br />

Muhammed’s acceptance of the three daughters of <strong>Al</strong>lah as being semi-divine<br />

delighted the Quraysh who prostrated themselves in the place of prostration<br />

(masjid — mosque) along with the Muslims.<br />

When the Quraysh heard that, they rejoiced <strong>and</strong> were happy <strong>and</strong><br />

delighted at the way in which he spoke of their gods, <strong>and</strong> they listened to<br />

him, while the Muslims, having complete trust in their Prophet in respect<br />

of the messages which he brought from God, did not suspect him of<br />

error, illusion or mistake. When he came to the prostration, having<br />

completed the Surah, he prostrated himself, the Muslims did likewise,<br />

following their Prophet, trusting in the message which he had brought<br />

<strong>and</strong> following his example. Those polytheists of the Quraysh <strong>and</strong> others<br />

who were in the mosque likewise prostrated themselves because of the<br />

reference to their gods which they had heard, so that there was no one in<br />

the mosque, believer or unbeliever, who did not prostrate himself. (Watt &<br />

McDonald, The History of al-Tabari, 108-109.)<br />

<strong>Al</strong>fred Guillaume stated that all "of these interpolated words meant that the<br />

divine or semi-divine beings were inter-cessors with <strong>Al</strong>lah, an office which in<br />

Islam is accorded only to Muhammad himself." The words Muhammed uttered,<br />

<strong>and</strong> were later deleted from the canonised version of the Koran, were a chant<br />

the Meccans used when they walked around the Black Stone. (Guillaume, Islam,<br />

36.) Muhammed had now made serious compromises with paganism. And just<br />

as Catholicism solved this problem, Muhammad found only one solution,<br />

incorporate those competitors <strong>and</strong> everybody would be happy: the pagans for<br />

being able to indirectly worship their deities, <strong>and</strong> Islam (as Catholicism) by<br />

merging with paganism.<br />

According to Muslim tradition, the Quraysh agreed to embrace Islam when<br />

those concessions had been made. <strong>Al</strong>so, the Muslims who had earlier fled to<br />

Abyssinia, now returned <strong>and</strong> among them was Uthman, who later became a<br />

caliph. However, Muhammed then denied his previous revelation, which he<br />

said was nothing but ‘Satanic verses.’ The conversion of the Quraysh was thus<br />

withdrawn <strong>and</strong> this manoeuvre only strengthened the Meccan opposition. If this<br />

legend is true, which Muslims generally admit, we cannot be certain the rest of<br />

the Koran was not similarly inspired by Satan. It seems reasonable to assume<br />

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that the ‘whisperer’ was the same in this case as in all others. One of the best<br />

established hadiths is the following speech from ‘<strong>Al</strong>lah’ to Muhammed:<br />

My servant [Muhammed] approaches me steadily through voluntary<br />

works of piety, until I come to love him; <strong>and</strong> when I love him I am his<br />

eye, his ear, his tongue, his foot, his h<strong>and</strong>. He sees through me, he hears<br />

through me, he speaks through me, he moves <strong>and</strong> feels through me.<br />

(Goldziher, Introduction, 42-43.)<br />

If ‘<strong>Al</strong>lah’ spoke <strong>and</strong> did everything through Muhammed, <strong>and</strong> vice versa, it is<br />

no wonder these ‘Satanic verses’ embarrass Muslims to this day. However,<br />

Muhammed found an escape route through another ‘revelation’. He stated:<br />

Never have we sent a single prophet or apostle before you with whose<br />

wishes Satan did not tamper. But <strong>Al</strong>lah abrogates the interjections of<br />

Satan <strong>and</strong> confirms His own revelations. <strong>Al</strong>lah is all-knowing <strong>and</strong> wise.<br />

(The Koran 22:52. (N. J. Dawood - with a replacement of <strong>Al</strong>lah for God)).<br />

Since we know that some verses contradict, or abrogate, others, we must<br />

conclude that several koranic passages were Satanic inspirations, which other<br />

verses have abrogated. If not, this verse is incorrect. But how could Satan<br />

manipulate Muhammed at almost any time, <strong>and</strong> utter koranic revelation<br />

through him at his will? Wherever the occult powers override true worship, the<br />

force behind the occult <strong>and</strong> New Age always marks its territory through<br />

images. Even the Islamic Crescent bears the mark of its founder, Mystery<br />

Babylon paganism.<br />

The Egyptians, Persians, Greeks, Romans, Hindus <strong>and</strong> American Indians,<br />

like the Babylonians, all believed that their gods were just representations of<br />

the one god. The ancient people, shortly after the flood, had a knowledge of the<br />

True God of Noah, Shem, <strong>and</strong> Abraham. But the worship of the True God of<br />

Noah, Shem, <strong>and</strong> Abraham soon became perverted into idolatry by the larger<br />

population when Nimrod tried to unite the whole world into a One World<br />

Government. Just as the ancients believed their various gods to be different<br />

expressions of the Only god, so did Muhammed, when he united the 360 gods<br />

at Mecca into just one god, <strong>Al</strong>lah.<br />

To Islam<br />

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