WO2000072676A1 - Utilization of dodecanoic acid as tick repellant - Google Patents

Utilization of dodecanoic acid as tick repellant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000072676A1
WO2000072676A1 PCT/DE2000/001679 DE0001679W WO0072676A1 WO 2000072676 A1 WO2000072676 A1 WO 2000072676A1 DE 0001679 W DE0001679 W DE 0001679W WO 0072676 A1 WO0072676 A1 WO 0072676A1
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dodecanoic acid
tick
acid according
ticks
powders
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PCT/DE2000/001679
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hans Dautel
Monika Hilker
Olaf Kahl
Karsten Siems
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Analyticon Discovery Gmbh
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Priority to AU59628/00A priority Critical patent/AU5962800A/en
Publication of WO2000072676A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000072676A1/en

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/02Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the use of decadic acid as a tick repellent.
  • TBE early summer meningoencephalitis
  • Lyme disease Lyme disease
  • ticks The approximately 850 species of tick (Ixodoidea) worldwide belong to the mites (Acari), which together with spiders and scorpions form the group of arachnids (Arachnida). Arachnids are only distantly related to the insects, they differ from them in some essential characteristics. For example, the tick's olfactory organ, which is important for host recognition, is not located on the antenna as in insects (arachnids have no antennas), but in the so-called Haller's organ in the foot of the first pair of legs. In addition, ticks have taste hairs on their feet, with which they contact z. B. skin lipids of their host. The Haller organ is a morphological peculiarity and only occurs in this form in ticks.
  • tick tick genus I- xodes especially I. ⁇ cinus m Europe, I. scapularis m North America and I. persulcatus in Eastern Europe / Russia. All three stages of development (larva, nymph and adultus) have to suck blood in order to develop or lay eggs. Ticks are known for their starvation, thanks to which they manage for months and sometimes years without food. To get to a host, position yourself in the lower vegetation (e.g. on blades of grass) and wait until a suitable host comes by.
  • the adult ticks in particular, have been shown to concentrate along wild animals, paths and paths, ie in places where humans can easily come into contact with them.
  • the parasites When in contact with a host, the parasites cling to each other within fractions of a second and migrate in search of a free skin area, e.g. B. up on the clothes so that they u. Prick only in the neck or head area.
  • a universally applicable repellent is, for example, the active ingredient DEET (N, N-dimethyl-3-methyl-benzamid). DEET works quite effectively against mosquitoes (insects), but the effect against ticks is not satisfactory (Schreck, CE, Fish, D., McGovern, TP (1995) Activity of repellents applied to skin for protection agamst Amblyomma ame ⁇ canum and Ioxdes scapularis ticks (Acari: Ixodidae), J. Amer. Mosquito Control Assoc. 136-140).
  • DEET only has a maximum duration of action of 2 hours for ticks, which is not to be regarded as optimal.
  • a pipeline derivative is known from the publication DE-A 196 18 089 which is used as a synergy with fatty acids or fatty acid esters, in particular caprylic and capronic acid. energists is used. Such synthetically produced compounds always involve a high toxicological risk.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a tick repellent which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that do- decane acid is used as a tick repellent.
  • dodecanoic acid is used together with auxiliaries and additives for the preparation of preparations as a tick repellent.
  • dodecanoic acid has a comparable effect in comparison with DEET at a concentration which is 10 times lower. It was also surprisingly found that the duration of action of dodecanoic acid at a comparable concentration is significantly longer than that of DEET.
  • dodecanoic acid is attractive to cockroaches (Schal, C, Hamilton, R 1 (1990) Integrated suppression of synanthropic cockroaches. Ann Rev Entomol 35: 521-551), while it has no deterrent effect on certain ant species (Dani, FR, Cannoni, S, Turillazzi, S, Morgan, ED (1996) Ant repellent effect of the sternal gland secretion of Polistes dominulus and P. sulcifer (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). J Chem Ecol 22: 37-48).
  • Another object of the present invention is the use of dodecanoic acid together with auxiliaries and additives for the preparation of preparations as a tick repellent in humans and animals, as a gentle tick removal agent and as a barrier for ticks in their habitat.
  • auxiliaries known to those skilled in the art for the production of the topical application forms according to the invention or formulations which can be used in the field come into question as auxiliaries or additives.
  • Such formulations are, for example, from Hager's Handbook of Pharmaceutical Practice, 5th ed., 1990-1995 Springer-Verlag, Berlin, or m Umbach (ed.), Kosmetik, 2nd ed., Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart, 1995, and Herrbach E .: Effect of dodecanoic acid on the colonization of sugar beet by aphids and the secondary spread of virus yellows; Ann.
  • dodecanoic acid in preparations in the form of, for example, pastes, ointments, creams, gels, skin oils, sticks, sprays, lotions, solutions, tinctures, emulsions, powders, powders, microcapsules, aerosols or shampoos
  • These flat structures can be formed in the form of strips, rings, bands, cuffs, gaiters or the like.
  • Suitable fabrics or knitted fabrics can be textiles made from natural or artificial fibers or thread.
  • the use of the pasty, semi-solid or semi-liquid preparations containing dodecanoic acid such as pastes, ointments, creams, gels, skin oils, sticks, lotions or emulsions, for removing ticks which have already been absorbed.
  • dodecanoic acid such as pastes, ointments, creams, gels, skin oils, sticks, lotions or emulsions
  • the invention provides for forms of preparation such as, for example, granules, powders, spraying agents or slow-release formulations in the tick habitat, eg. B. along forest paths often used by humans, as a barrier against ticks to reduce the local infection risk for humans. It can be used for example along hiking trails or in
  • Park facilities are created by spa facilities that are largely free of ticks and thus significantly reduce the risk of infection from tick bites.
  • the repellent effect of dodecanoic acid was investigated in an in vitro test method, the transition of the tick to a host being simulated in the laboratory. Per The test run and test concentration were tested in each case 30 outdoor ticks.
  • Dodecanoic acid at a concentration of 0.001 mg cm "2 surface was found to be significantly repellent, while no significant deterrent effect was observed with the known repellent DEET at the same concentration. Only at an amount of 0.01 mg cm " 2 , ie at 10 times At higher concentrations, DEET had a comparable, significantly deterrent effect.
  • a solution of dodecanoic acid in 2-propanol (10% by weight) with the addition of a fragrance mixture is filled into a pump spray bottle.
  • the solution is sprayed onto clothing or directly onto the skin.
  • Example 3 The solution according to Example 3 is sprayed onto conventional textile pant leg holders with Velcro for cyclists. The Velcro strips are placed around the ankle cuffs and tightened.
  • Dodecanoic acid is applied in an ointment-like or liquid preparation (20% by weight) to the skin immediately around the injection site of a seized tick.
  • the Ticks can be easily removed after a contact time of 5 to 10 minutes without leaving mouth tools in the skin.
  • Dodecanoic acid is sprayed in an aqueous solution (10% by weight) with the addition of 0.1% by weight of sodium dodecyl sulfate with a pump sprayer about 1 m wide onto the vegetation along a forest path that leads through a tick-inspected area.

Abstract

The invention relates to the utilization of dodecanoic acid as tick repellant. In addition to its repellent effect, dodecanoic acid is also suitable for removing adhered ticks. Dodecanoic acid is further used as tick barrier outdoors.

Description

Verwendung von Dodecansäure als Zeckenrepellent Use of dodecanoic acid as a tick repellent
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft die Verwendung von Do- decansaure als Zeckenrepellent.The present invention relates to the use of decadic acid as a tick repellent.
Die Bevölkerung ist sehr sensibel gegenüber der potentiellen Gefahr, die von Zeckenstichen ausgeht, da Zecken als Übertrager von viralen und bakteriellen Infektions- krankheiten, insbesondere FSME (Fruhsommer-Meningoenze- phalιtιs)und Lyme-Borreliose, auftreten. Allein m Deutschland erkranken jährlich weit mehr als 10.000 Menschen neu an der Lyme-Borreliose . Im Gegensatz zur Lyme- Borreliose kann gegen FSME durch Impfung vorgebeugt wer- den kann. Diese Möglichkeit wird bereitwillig angenommen, auch wenn das Risiko einer Erkrankung mit bis zu 300 Fallen im Jahr im Vergleich zur Lyme-Borreliose sehr geringThe population is very sensitive to the potential danger posed by tick bites, since ticks transmit viral and bacterial infectious diseases, in particular TBE (early summer meningoencephalitis) and Lyme disease. In Germany alone, more than 10,000 people are diagnosed with Lyme disease every year. In contrast to Lyme disease, TBE can be prevented by vaccination. This possibility is readily accepted, even if the risk of illness with up to 300 cases per year is very low compared to Lyme disease
Die weltweit etwa 850 Zeckenarten (Ixodoidea) gehören zu den Milben (Acari), die wiederum zusammen mit Spinnen und Skorpionen die Gruppe der Spinnentiere (Arachnida) bilden. Spinnentiere sind nur entfernt mit den Insekten verwandt, sie unterscheiden sich in einigen wesentlichen Merkmalen von diesen. So ist das für die Wirtserkennung wichtige Geruchsorgan der Zecke nicht wie bei Insekten auf der Antenne lokalisiert (Spinnentiere haben keine Antennen) , sondern im sogenannten Haller' sehen Organ im Fuß des ersten Beinpaares. Außerdem besitzen Zecken an ihren Fußen Geschmacksharchen, mit denen sie bei Kontakt z. B. Hautlipide ihres Wirtes wahrnehmen können. Das Haller' sehe Organ ist ein morphologische Besonderheit und kommt in dieser Form nur bei Zecken vor.The approximately 850 species of tick (Ixodoidea) worldwide belong to the mites (Acari), which together with spiders and scorpions form the group of arachnids (Arachnida). Arachnids are only distantly related to the insects, they differ from them in some essential characteristics. For example, the tick's olfactory organ, which is important for host recognition, is not located on the antenna as in insects (arachnids have no antennas), but in the so-called Haller's organ in the foot of the first pair of legs. In addition, ticks have taste hairs on their feet, with which they contact z. B. skin lipids of their host. The Haller organ is a morphological peculiarity and only occurs in this form in ticks.
Einige der humanmedizinisch bedeutendsten Zeckenarten der nordlichen Hemisphäre gehören zur Schildzeckengattung I- xodes, insbesondere I. πcinus m Europa, I. scapularis m Nordamerika und I. persulcatus in Osteuropa/Rußland. Alle drei Entwicklungsstadien (Larve, Nymphe und Adultus) müssen Blut saugen, um sich weiterentwickeln bzw. Eier legen zu können. Zecken sind für ihre Hungertahigkeit bekannt, dank derer sie über Monate und mitunter Jahre ohne Nahrung auskommen. Um an einen Wirt zu gelangen positionieren sie sich in der unteren Vegetation (z.B. auf Grashalmen) und warten, bis ein geeigneter Wirt vorbeikommt. Dabei konzentrieren sich insbesondere die adulten Zecken nachweislich entlang von Wildwechseln, Pfaden und Wegen, d. h. an Stellen, an denen auch der Mensch leicht mit ihnen m Kontakt kommt. Bei Kontakt mit einem Wirt klammern sich die Parasiten innerhalb von Sekundenbruchteilen fest und wandern auf der Suche nach einer freien Hautflache z. B. auf der Kleidung nach oben, so daß sie u. U. erst im Hals- oder Kopfbereich einstechen.Some of the most important human tick species in the northern hemisphere belong to the tick tick genus I- xodes, especially I. πcinus m Europe, I. scapularis m North America and I. persulcatus in Eastern Europe / Russia. All three stages of development (larva, nymph and adultus) have to suck blood in order to develop or lay eggs. Ticks are known for their starvation, thanks to which they manage for months and sometimes years without food. To get to a host, position yourself in the lower vegetation (e.g. on blades of grass) and wait until a suitable host comes by. The adult ticks, in particular, have been shown to concentrate along wild animals, paths and paths, ie in places where humans can easily come into contact with them. When in contact with a host, the parasites cling to each other within fractions of a second and migrate in search of a free skin area, e.g. B. up on the clothes so that they u. Prick only in the neck or head area.
Eine der wichtigsten Maßnahmen zur Prävention von Krank- heiten, die von Zecken übertragen werden, ist der Schutz vor Zeckenstichen durch die Anwendung von Repellentien.One of the most important measures to prevent diseases that are transmitted by ticks is the protection against tick bites by using repellents.
Ein universell anwendbares Repellent ist beispielsweise der Wirkstoff DEET (N, N-Dιethyl-3-methyl-benzamιd) . DEET wirkt zwar recht gegen bei Mucken (Insekten), die Wirkung gegenüber Zecken ist jedoch nicht zufriedenstellend (Schreck, C. E., Fish, D., McGovern, T. P. (1995) Activi- ty of repellents applied to skin for protection agamst Amblyomma ameπcanum and Ioxdes scapularis ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) , J. Amer. Mosquito Control Assoc. 136-140) .A universally applicable repellent is, for example, the active ingredient DEET (N, N-dimethyl-3-methyl-benzamid). DEET works quite effectively against mosquitoes (insects), but the effect against ticks is not satisfactory (Schreck, CE, Fish, D., McGovern, TP (1995) Activity of repellents applied to skin for protection agamst Amblyomma ameπcanum and Ioxdes scapularis ticks (Acari: Ixodidae), J. Amer. Mosquito Control Assoc. 136-140).
Insbesondere hat DEET bei Zecken nur eine Wirkdauer von maximal 2 Stunden, was als nicht optimal anzusehen ist.In particular, DEET only has a maximum duration of action of 2 hours for ticks, which is not to be regarded as optimal.
Ferner ist aus der Druckschrift DE-A 196 18 089 ein Pipe- ridmderivat bekannt, welches mit Fettsauren bzw. Fett- saureestern, insbesondere Capryl- und Capronsaure als Sy- nergisten zur Anwendung kommt. Derartige synthetisch hergestellte Verbindungen beinhalten stets ein hohes toxikologisches Risiko.Furthermore, a pipeline derivative is known from the publication DE-A 196 18 089 which is used as a synergy with fatty acids or fatty acid esters, in particular caprylic and capronic acid. energists is used. Such synthetically produced compounds always involve a high toxicological risk.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, ein Zeckenrepellent zur Verfugung zu stellen, welches die Nachteile des Standes der Technik überwindet.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a tick repellent which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemaß dadurch gelost, daß Do- decansaure als Zeckenrepellent verwendet wird. Die Aufgabe wird m gleicher Weise auch dadurch gelost, daß Dodecansäure zusammen mit Hilfs- und Zusatzstoffen zur Herstellung von Zubereitungen als Zeckenrepellent verwendet wird.The object is achieved according to the invention in that do- decane acid is used as a tick repellent. The object is achieved in the same way in that dodecanoic acid is used together with auxiliaries and additives for the preparation of preparations as a tick repellent.
Dodecansäure (Lauπnsaure) (H3C- (CH2) IO-COOH, Cι2H2402, MR=200,31, CAS 143-07-7) ist eine natürlich vorkommende Carbonsaure und bildet farblose Nadeln, mit einem Schmelzpunkt von 44 °C, einem Siedepunkt von 131 °C (bei 1,3 mbar) , ist unlöslich in Wasser, loslich in Alkohol und Ether und kommt als Glycerid in Kokosöl und Palmkern- ol vor. In Spuren ist die freie Saure sehr weit verbreitet und ist auch auf der menschlichen Haut nachweisbar.Dodecanoic acid (Lauπnsaure) (H 3 C- (CH 2 ) IO -COOH, Cι 2 H 24 0 2 , M R = 200.31, CAS 143-07-7) is a naturally occurring carboxylic acid and forms colorless needles, with one Melting point of 44 ° C, a boiling point of 131 ° C (at 1.3 mbar), is insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol and ether and occurs as a glyceride in coconut oil and palm kernel oil. Free acid is very widespread in traces and can also be detected on human skin.
Überraschenderweise wurde festgestellt, daß Dodecansäure im Vergleich zu DEET bei lOfach geringerer Konzentration vergleichbare Wirkung aufweist. Ferner wurde überraschenderweise gefunden, daß die Wirkungsdauer von Dodecansäure bei vergleichbarer Konzentration deutlich langer ist als die von DEET.Surprisingly, it was found that dodecanoic acid has a comparable effect in comparison with DEET at a concentration which is 10 times lower. It was also surprisingly found that the duration of action of dodecanoic acid at a comparable concentration is significantly longer than that of DEET.
Diese Befunde sind um so überraschender, da die Wirkung von Dodecansäure auf Insekten und Spinnentiere m sehr unterschiedlicher Weise im Stand der Technik beschrieben ist. Bei der Sandfliege Lutzomyia longipalpis wirkt Dodecansäure als Ovipositionspheromon, d.h. anziehend auf trächtige Weibchen, die ein geeignetes Eiablagesubstrat suchen (Dougherty, M, Hamilton, G (1997) Dodecanoic acid is the oviposition pheromone of Lutzomyia longipalpis. J Chem Ecol 23: 2657-2671) .These findings are all the more surprising since the effect of dodecanoic acid on insects and arachnids is described in very different ways in the prior art. In the sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis, dodecanoic acid acts as an oviposition pheromone, ie it is attractive to pregnant females who are looking for a suitable oviposition substrate (Dougherty, M, Hamilton, G (1997) Dodecanoic acid is the oviposition pheromone of Lutzomyia longipalpis. J Chem Ecol 23: 2657-267 ).
Außerdem wirkt Dodecansäure anziehend auf Schaben (Schal, C, Hamilton, R 1 (1990) Integrated suppression of sy- nanthropic cockroaches. Ann Rev Entomol 35: 521-551), während sie keinerlei abschreckende Wirkung gegenüber bestimmten Ameisenarten aufweist (Dani, F R, Cannoni, S, Turillazzi, S, Morgan, E D (1996) Ant repellent effect of the sternal gland secretion of Polistes dominulus and P. sulcifer (Hymenoptera : Vespidae) . J Chem Ecol 22: 37-48).In addition, dodecanoic acid is attractive to cockroaches (Schal, C, Hamilton, R 1 (1990) Integrated suppression of synanthropic cockroaches. Ann Rev Entomol 35: 521-551), while it has no deterrent effect on certain ant species (Dani, FR, Cannoni, S, Turillazzi, S, Morgan, ED (1996) Ant repellent effect of the sternal gland secretion of Polistes dominulus and P. sulcifer (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). J Chem Ecol 22: 37-48).
Bei der Malariamücke Anopheles gambiae zeigte eine Mischung von 12 verschiedenen Fettsäuren mit einem geringen Anteil an Dodecansäure in hoher Konzentration eine repel- lente, in geringer Konzentration dagegen eine anziehende Wirkung (Knols, B G J, Van Loon, J J A, Cork, A, Robinson, R D, Adam, W, Meijerink, J, De Jong, R, Takken, W (1997) Behavioural and electrophysiological responses of the female malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae) to Limburger cheese volatiles. Bull Ent Res 87: 151-159) .In the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae, a mixture of 12 different fatty acids with a low proportion of dodecanoic acid in high concentration showed a repellent effect, but in low concentration an attractive effect (Knols, BGJ, Van Loon, JJA, Cork, A, Robinson, RD , Adam, W, Meijerink, J, De Jong, R, Takken, W (1997) Behavioral and electrophysiological responses of the female malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae) to Limburger cheese volatiles. Bull Ent Res 87: 151-159) .
Diese Beispiele zeigen, daß die Wirkung von Dodecansäure auf Insekten sehr uneinheitlich ist, und keinesfalls von einer allgemeinen Repellentwirkung gesprochen werden kann. Hinzu kommt, daß Zecken als Milben und Spinnentiere ohnehin verwandschaftlich deutlich von Insekten abgegrenzt sind. Bei Spinnentieren ist bekannt, daß Dodecansäure für eine bestimmte Hausstaubmilbenart attraktiv ist (Sato M, Kuwahara, Y, Matsuyama, S, Suzuki, T (1993) Chemical ecology of astigmatid mites XXXVII. Fatty acid as food attractant of astigmatid mites, lts scope and 1Imitation. Appl Ent Zool. 28: 565-569).These examples show that the effect of dodecanoic acid on insects is very inconsistent, and in no way can one speak of a general repellent effect. In addition, ticks as mites and arachnids are clearly distinct from insects. In arachnids, it is known that dodecanoic acid is attractive for a certain type of house dust mite (Sato M, Kuwahara, Y, Matsuyama, S, Suzuki, T (1993) Chemical ecology of astigmatid mites XXXVII. Fatty acid as food attractant of astigmatid mites, lts scope and 1imitation. Appl Ent Zool. 28: 565-569).
E n weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ferner die Verwendung von Dodecansäure zusammen mit Hilfs- und Zusatzstoffen zur Herstellung von Zubereitungen als Zeckenrepellent bei Mensch und Tier, als schonendes Zeckenentfernungsmittel sowie als Barriere für Zecken m deren Lebensraum..Another object of the present invention is the use of dodecanoic acid together with auxiliaries and additives for the preparation of preparations as a tick repellent in humans and animals, as a gentle tick removal agent and as a barrier for ticks in their habitat.
Als Hilfs- oder Zusatzstoffe kommen die dem Fachmann bekannten Grundstoffe für die Herstellung der erfmdungsge- maßen topischen Applikationsformen oder im Freiland einsetzbaren Formulierungen m Frage. Derartige Formulierun- gen sind beispielsweise aus Hagers Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, 5. Aufl., 1990-1995 Springer-Verlag, Berlin, oder m Umbach (Hrsg.), Kosmetik, 2. Aufl., Thie- me-Verlag, Stuttgart, 1995, und Herrbach E.: Effect of dodecanoic acid on the colonisation of sugar beet by aphids and the secondary spread of virus yellows; Ann.The auxiliaries known to those skilled in the art for the production of the topical application forms according to the invention or formulations which can be used in the field come into question as auxiliaries or additives. Such formulations are, for example, from Hager's Handbook of Pharmaceutical Practice, 5th ed., 1990-1995 Springer-Verlag, Berlin, or m Umbach (ed.), Kosmetik, 2nd ed., Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart, 1995, and Herrbach E .: Effect of dodecanoic acid on the colonization of sugar beet by aphids and the secondary spread of virus yellows; Ann.
Appl. Biol. (1987) 111, 477-482, bekannt. Weitere Zusatzstoffe können auch den Geruch verbessernde Stoffe sein, welche gegebenenfalls eine zusatzlich repellierende Wirkung wie beispielsweise etherische Ole, haben können.Appl. Biol. (1987) 111, 477-482. Other additives can also be odor-improving substances, which may have an additional repellant effect, such as ethereal oils.
Dabei ist es erfmdungsgemaß bevorzugt, Dodecansäure in Zubereitungen m Form von beispielsweise Pasten, Salben, Cremes, Gelen, Hautolen, Stiften, Sprays, Lotionen, Losungen, Tinkturen, Emulsionen, Pulvern, Puder, Mikrokap- sein, Aerosolen oder Shampoos für die Anwendung beiIt is preferred according to the invention to use dodecanoic acid in preparations in the form of, for example, pastes, ointments, creams, gels, skin oils, sticks, sprays, lotions, solutions, tinctures, emulsions, powders, powders, microcapsules, aerosols or shampoos
Mensch und Tier sowie im nichtkosmetischen Bereich in Form von Granulaten, Pulvern oder Spruhmitteln, letztere auch m Slow-release-Formulierungen, zu verwenden.Humans and animals as well as in the non-cosmetic field in the form of granules, powders or spraying agents, the latter also in slow-release formulations.
Es ist weiterhin erfmdungsgemaß vorgesehen, diese Zubereitungsformen auf flächigen Gebilden beispielsweise aus Geweben, Gewirken, Pappe oder Papier aufzubringen und diese flächigen Gebilde an der Bekleidung oder auf dem Korper des zu schutzenden Wirbeltiers anzubringen.It is furthermore provided according to the invention for example to prepare these forms of preparation on flat structures Apply fabrics, knitted fabrics, cardboard or paper and attach these flat structures to the clothing or to the body of the vertebrate to be protected.
Diese flächigen Gebilde können m Form von Streifen, Ringen, Bandern, Manschetten, Gamaschen oder dergleichen ausgebildet sein. Geeignete Gewebe oder Gewirke können Textilien aus natürlichen oder kunstlichen Fasern oder Faden sein.These flat structures can be formed in the form of strips, rings, bands, cuffs, gaiters or the like. Suitable fabrics or knitted fabrics can be textiles made from natural or artificial fibers or thread.
Erfindungsgemaß ist ferner vorgesehen, die Verwendung der Dodecansäure enthaltenden, pastosen, halbfesten oder halbflussigen Zubereitungen, wie Pasten, Salben, Cremes, Gele, Hautole, Stifte, Lotionen oder Emulsionen zur Ent- fernung bereits festgesogener Zecken. Dabei wird die geeignete Zubereitung auf der Einstichstelle placiert und nach einiger Zeit die Zecke problemlos entfernt.According to the invention, it is further provided that the use of the pasty, semi-solid or semi-liquid preparations containing dodecanoic acid, such as pastes, ointments, creams, gels, skin oils, sticks, lotions or emulsions, for removing ticks which have already been absorbed. The appropriate preparation is placed on the injection site and after a while the tick is easily removed.
Schließlich ist erfindungsgemaß vorgesehen, Zubereitungs- formen wie beispielsweise Granulate, Pulver, Spruhmittel oder Slow-release-Formulierungen im Lebensraum der Zecken, z. B. entlang häufig von Menschen genutzter Waldwege, als Barriere gegen Zecken anzubringen, um das lokale Infektionsrisiko für den Menschen zu reduzieren. Damit können beispielsweise entlang von Wanderwegen oder inFinally, the invention provides for forms of preparation such as, for example, granules, powders, spraying agents or slow-release formulations in the tick habitat, eg. B. along forest paths often used by humans, as a barrier against ticks to reduce the local infection risk for humans. It can be used for example along hiking trails or in
Parkanlagen von Kuranstalten Bereiche geschaffen werden, die weitgehend frei von Zecken sind und damit die Infektionsgefahren durch Zeckenstiche signifikant verringert werden .Park facilities are created by spa facilities that are largely free of ticks and thus significantly reduce the risk of infection from tick bites.
Die folgende Beispiele erläutern die Erfindung:The following examples illustrate the invention:
Beispiel 1example 1
Die repellente Wirkung von Dodecansäure wurde in einem in-vitro-Testverfahren untersucht, wobei im Labor der U- bergang der Zecke auf einen Wirt simuliert wurde. Pro Versuchsdurchlauf und Testkonzentration wurden jeweils 30 Freilandzecken getestet.The repellent effect of dodecanoic acid was investigated in an in vitro test method, the transition of the tick to a host being simulated in the laboratory. Per The test run and test concentration were tested in each case 30 outdoor ticks.
Dabei erwies sich Dodecansäure in einer Konzentration von 0,001 mg cm"2 Oberflache als signifikant repellent, wahrend mit dem bekannten Repellent DEET bei derselben Konzentration keine signifikant abschreckende Wirkung beobachtet wurde. Erst bei einer Menge von 0,01 mg cm"2, also bei lOfach höherer Konzentration zeigte DEET eine ver- gleichbare, signifikant abschreckende Wirkung.Dodecanoic acid at a concentration of 0.001 mg cm "2 surface was found to be significantly repellent, while no significant deterrent effect was observed with the known repellent DEET at the same concentration. Only at an amount of 0.01 mg cm " 2 , ie at 10 times At higher concentrations, DEET had a comparable, significantly deterrent effect.
Beispiel 2Example 2
Eine ethanolische Losung von Dodecansäure (1 Gew.-%) wurde bandförmig auf Gliedmaßen aufgetragen. Die Zecken sind praktisch nicht m den behandelten Bereich hinein gelaufen. Sind sie dennoch auf die behandelte Flache gelaufen, begannen die Zecken nach kurzer Zeit zu „torkeln" und sind entweder aus dem behandelten Bereich heraus gelaufen oder von der Gliedmaße herunter gefallen.An ethanolic solution of dodecanoic acid (1% by weight) was applied in the form of a tape to limbs. The ticks practically did not run into the treated area. If they nevertheless ran onto the treated area, the ticks began to "stagger" after a short time and either ran out of the treated area or fell off the limb.
Beispiel 3Example 3
Eine Losung von Dodecansäure in 2-Propanol (10 Gew.-%) unter Zusatz einer Duftstoffmischung wird in eine Pumpsprayflasche gefüllt. Die Losung wird auf Kleidungsstücke oder direkt auf die Haut gesprüht.A solution of dodecanoic acid in 2-propanol (10% by weight) with the addition of a fragrance mixture is filled into a pump spray bottle. The solution is sprayed onto clothing or directly onto the skin.
Beispiel 4Example 4
Die Losung nach Beispiel 3 wird auf herkömmliche textile Hosenbeinhalter mit Klettverschluß für Radfahrer tränkend aufgesprüht. Die Klettbander werden um die Fußfesseln gelegt und fest angezogen.The solution according to Example 3 is sprayed onto conventional textile pant leg holders with Velcro for cyclists. The Velcro strips are placed around the ankle cuffs and tightened.
Beispiel 5Example 5
Dodecansäure wird in einer salbenformigen oder flussigen Zubereitung (20 Gew.-%) auf der Haut unmittelbar um die Einstichstelle einer festgesogenen Zecke appliziert. Die Zecke ist nach einer Einwirkzeit von 5 bis 10 Minuten leicht entfernbar, ohne daß Mundewerkzeuge in der Haut zurückbleiben .Dodecanoic acid is applied in an ointment-like or liquid preparation (20% by weight) to the skin immediately around the injection site of a seized tick. The Ticks can be easily removed after a contact time of 5 to 10 minutes without leaving mouth tools in the skin.
Beispiel 6Example 6
Dodecansäure wird in wäßriger Losung (10 Gew.-%) unter Zusatz von 0,1 Gew.-% Natπumdodecylsulfat mit einem Pumpzerstauber m etwa 1 m Breite auf die Vegetation entlang eines Waldweges gesprüht, der durch ein zeckenin- testiertes Gebiet fuhrt. Dodecanoic acid is sprayed in an aqueous solution (10% by weight) with the addition of 0.1% by weight of sodium dodecyl sulfate with a pump sprayer about 1 m wide onto the vegetation along a forest path that leads through a tick-inspected area.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verwendung von Dodecansäure als Zeckenrepellent.1. Use of dodecanoic acid as a tick repellent.
2. Verwendung von Dodecansäure zusammen mit Hilfs- und Zusatzstoffen zur Herstellung von Zubereitungen als Zeckenrepellent .2. Use of dodecanoic acid together with auxiliaries and additives for the preparation of preparations as a tick repellent.
3. Verwendung von Dodecansäure gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2 in Form von Pasten, Salben, Cremes, Gelen, Hautolen, Stiften, Sprays, Lotionen, Losungen, Tinkturen, Emulsionen Pulvern, Puder, Mikrokapseln, Aerosolen oder Shampoos für die Anwendung bei Mensch und Tier3. Use of dodecanoic acid according to claim 1 or 2 in the form of pastes, ointments, creams, gels, skin oils, sticks, sprays, lotions, solutions, tinctures, emulsions, powders, powders, microcapsules, aerosols or shampoos for use in humans and animals
4. Verwendung von Dodecansäure gemäß Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Formen auf flachigen Gebilden aus Geweben, Gewirken, Pappe oder Papier aufgebracht sind, und daß die flächigen Gebilde an der Be- kleidung oder auf der Haut des zu schutzenden Wirbeltiers angebracht sind.4. Use of dodecanoic acid according to claim 3, characterized in that these shapes are applied to flat structures made of woven, knitted, cardboard or paper, and that the flat structures are attached to the clothing or on the skin of the vertebrate to be protected.
5. Verwendung von Dodecansäure gemäß Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß entsprechende pastose, halbfeste oder halbflussige Formen direkt auf die Einstichstelle einer festgesogenen Zecke zu deren Entfernung aufgebracht sind.5. Use of dodecanoic acid according to claim 3, characterized in that corresponding pasty, semi-solid or semi-liquid forms are applied directly to the puncture site of a sucked tick for its removal.
6. Verwendung von Dodecansäure gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2 in Form von Granulaten, Pulvern oder Spruhmitteln sowie Slow-release-Formulierungen zur Anwendung im Freiland.6. Use of dodecanoic acid according to claim 1 or 2 in the form of granules, powders or spraying agents and slow-release formulations for use in the field.
7. Verwendung von Dodecansäure gemäß Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Formen im Freiland in ze- ckeninfestiertem Gebiet ausgebracht sind. 7. Use of dodecanoic acid according to claim 6, characterized in that these forms are applied outdoors in tick-hardened area.
PCT/DE2000/001679 1999-06-01 2000-05-23 Utilization of dodecanoic acid as tick repellant WO2000072676A1 (en)

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WO2015063238A1 (en) * 2013-11-04 2015-05-07 Wageningen Universiteit Insect repellent compositions and methods of use
WO2019193561A3 (en) * 2018-04-05 2019-11-28 Evergreen Land Limited Insect-repellent composition comprising one or more insect-repellent fatty acids having between 9 and 21 carbon atoms
EP3771336A1 (en) 2019-07-31 2021-02-03 Athenion AG Repellent composition
DE102020114255A1 (en) 2020-05-27 2021-12-02 Jens Metz Method for testing the effectiveness of a tick repellent
RU2815413C2 (en) * 2018-04-05 2024-03-14 Эвергрин Лэнд Лимитед Insect repellent composition containing one or more insect repellent fatty acid with 9 to 21 carbon atoms

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DE4226581C1 (en) * 1992-08-11 1994-02-03 Perycut Chemie Ag Use of coconut starch fatty acid for repelling insects

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HWANG, YIH SHEN ET AL: "Fatty acids as oviposition repellents for mosquitoes", PROC. PAP. ANNU. CONF. CALIF. MOSQ. VECTOR CONTROL ASSOC. (1982), 49TH, pages 106 - 107, XP000941086 *
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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015063238A1 (en) * 2013-11-04 2015-05-07 Wageningen Universiteit Insect repellent compositions and methods of use
WO2019193561A3 (en) * 2018-04-05 2019-11-28 Evergreen Land Limited Insect-repellent composition comprising one or more insect-repellent fatty acids having between 9 and 21 carbon atoms
IL277788B1 (en) * 2018-04-05 2023-05-01 Evergreen Land Ltd Insect-repellent composition comprising one or more insect-repellent fatty acids having between 9 and 21 carbon atoms
IL277788B2 (en) * 2018-04-05 2023-09-01 Evergreen Land Ltd Insect-repellent composition comprising one or more insect-repellent fatty acids having between 9 and 21 carbon atoms
RU2815413C2 (en) * 2018-04-05 2024-03-14 Эвергрин Лэнд Лимитед Insect repellent composition containing one or more insect repellent fatty acid with 9 to 21 carbon atoms
EP3771336A1 (en) 2019-07-31 2021-02-03 Athenion AG Repellent composition
EP3771335A1 (en) 2019-07-31 2021-02-03 Athenion AG Repellent composition
DE102020114255A1 (en) 2020-05-27 2021-12-02 Jens Metz Method for testing the effectiveness of a tick repellent

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DE19925838C1 (en) 2001-03-01

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