WO1995014495A1 - Air freshener and moth and insect repellant products - Google Patents

Air freshener and moth and insect repellant products Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995014495A1
WO1995014495A1 PCT/US1993/011336 US9311336W WO9514495A1 WO 1995014495 A1 WO1995014495 A1 WO 1995014495A1 US 9311336 W US9311336 W US 9311336W WO 9514495 A1 WO9514495 A1 WO 9514495A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
substrate
insect repellant
freshener
starch
water
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1993/011336
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Norman A. Van Rees
Original Assignee
Chemia Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chemia Corporation filed Critical Chemia Corporation
Priority to AU56160/94A priority Critical patent/AU5616094A/en
Priority to PCT/US1993/011336 priority patent/WO1995014495A1/en
Publication of WO1995014495A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995014495A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
    • A01M1/20—Poisoning, narcotising, or burning insects
    • A01M1/2022—Poisoning or narcotising insects by vaporising an insecticide
    • A01M1/2027—Poisoning or narcotising insects by vaporising an insecticide without heating
    • A01M1/2055—Holders or dispensers for solid, gelified or impregnated insecticide, e.g. volatile blocks or impregnated pads
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M29/00—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus
    • A01M29/12—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus using odoriferous substances, e.g. aromas, pheromones or chemical agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/16—Foams
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/06—Coniferophyta [gymnosperms], e.g. cypress
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/38—Solanaceae [Potato family], e.g. nightshade, tomato, tobacco or chilli pepper
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
    • A01N65/44—Poaceae or Gramineae [Grass family], e.g. bamboo, lemon grass or citronella grass
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/015—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone
    • A61L9/04—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone using substances evaporated in the air without heating
    • A61L9/042—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone using substances evaporated in the air without heating with the help of a macromolecular compound as a carrier or diluent
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/015—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone
    • A61L9/04—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone using substances evaporated in the air without heating
    • A61L9/05—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone using substances evaporated in the air without heating specially adapted to be released by contact with a liquid, e.g. for toilets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/015—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone
    • A61L9/04—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone using substances evaporated in the air without heating
    • A61L9/12—Apparatus, e.g. holders, therefor

Definitions

  • This invention relates to air fresheners, odor masks and malodor neutralizers and ro moth and insect repellant products that are biodegradable and which dissolve in water, leaving minimal solid waste.
  • Various types of air fresheners have been made to dispense fragrances and scents to mask or neutralize unpleasant odors or to simply provide a pleasant scent.
  • One type of air freshener involves dissolving a fragrance in a liquid carrier, such as kerosene, or some other volatile organic compound. Fragrances may also be dissolved in water, although it is often necessary t use a detergent or other emulsifying agent to agent to dissolve the fragrance. The fragrance evaporates with the carrier, scenting the air.
  • Liquid air fresheners are effective, but there is a risk of spillage. Moreover, there are concerns about the amount of volatile chemicals that are released and about disposal of the containers for the air freshener.
  • fragrances are infused into a solid carrier, such as a fiber or polymer felt, or a polymer foam carrier such as a polyurethane or polystyrene foam.
  • a solid carrier such as a fiber or polymer felt, or a polymer foam carrier such as a polyurethane or polystyrene foam.
  • these solid carriers reduce the risk of spillage and help to control the rate of fragrance release.
  • the solid carriers can be incorporated into fan-driven air fresheners facilitating the release of the fragrance.
  • these solid substrates are undesirable from an environmental viewpoint because of the potential disposal problems.
  • Polyurethane and polystyrene are substantially non- biodegradable and will not decompose. Thus, after their useful life these air fresheners contribute to the solid waste disposal problem, becoming a permanent part of a landfill.
  • the present invention relates to an improved air freshener, odor neutralizer, insect repellents, and other products comprising volatile substances or a biodegradable carrier.
  • the air freshener according to the present invention generally comprises a water soluble substrate made from a foamed vegetable starch.
  • the substrate is impregnated with a liquid fragrance that can evaporate from the substrate to freshen the surrounding air or add fragrance.
  • the substrate is comprised of a foamed vegetable starch, it is water soluble and quickly breaks down when exposed to water. This not only reduces volume of solid waste that must be disposed of, but allows the spent air freshener to be conveniently disposed of in a sink or toilet. As the foam substrate dissolves, residual fragrance is released to freshen the sink or toilet.
  • the substrate comprises substantially vegetable starches
  • the decomposition products are not harmful.
  • water soluble foamed vegetable starch particles are provided. These particles are treated with a liquid fragrance and optionally a coloring agent, that is absorbed by the particles.
  • the insect repellant according to the present invention generally comprises a water soluble substrate made from a foamed vegetable starch.
  • the substrate is impregnated with cedar oil, that can evaporate from the substrate to repel insects.
  • cedar oil that can evaporate from the substrate to repel insects.
  • the substrate is comprised of a foamed vegetable starch, it is water soluble and quickly breaks down when exposed to water. This not only reduces volume of solid waste that must be disposed of, but allows the spent repellant to be conveniently and safely disposed of in a sink or toilet. Because the substrate comprises substantially vegetable starches, the decomposition products are not harmful.
  • water soluble foamed vegetable starch particles are provided. These particles are treated with cedar oil that is absorbed by the particles.
  • the air freshener of the present invention provides a ready, spill-proof source of fragrance to mask unpleasant odors or simply provide a pleasant scent.
  • the air freshener provides controlled, long-lasting release of the fragrance.
  • the insect repellant of the present invention provides a ready, spill-proof source of an insect repellant substance to repel moths and other insects.
  • the insect repellant is dry to the touch, and thus will not stain clothing.
  • the insect repellant provides controlled, long-lasting release of cedar oil.
  • the insect repellant When the cedar oil is spent, the insect repellant is convenientl and completely disposable in a sink or toilet. Even if the insect repellant is disposed of by conventional means, it quickl breaks down when exposed to water, and therefore does not take u space in landfills.
  • Figure 1 is a drawing of water soluble foamed vegetable starch particles suitable for use as a substrate for air freshener in accordance with this invention
  • FIG 2 is a drawing of a water soluble foamed vegetable wafer suitable for use as a substrate in accordance with this invention
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of a fan-driven air freshener unit
  • Figure 4 is a drawing of water soluble foamed vegetable starch particles suitable for use as a substrate for an insect repellant m accordance with this invention.
  • Figure 5 is a drawing of a water soluble foamed vegetable wafer suitable for use as a substrate for an insect repellant in accordance with this invention.
  • An air freshener comprises a water soluble substrate substantially comprising a foamed vegetable starch
  • the starch is preferably corn starch, potato starch or some combination of corn starch and potato starch.
  • suitable vegetable-derived starches could be used in addition to or instead of corn and/or potato starches.
  • One suitable substrate material is BIO PACTM responsible Loose Fill Packaging from EverGreen Solutions, Inc., Minneapolis, Minnesota.
  • Another suitable substrate material is ECO-FOAMTM extruded foam from American Excelsior, Inc., Arlington, Texas. These materials are substantially dry, rigid, open-celled foams consisting essentially of vegetable starches.
  • ECO-FOAMTM is composed of over 95% cornstarch from a special high-amylose hybrid corn which meets FDA food grade regulations, and due to the high starch content it decomposes easily in water The remaining ingredient is a water-soluble organic polymer which meets FDA food contact regulations, and is a common ingredient m adhesives, textiles, and paper coatings.
  • ECO-FOAMTM is manufactured with an extruder in a simple heat and steam process, and generally resembles poly styrene foam.
  • the ECO-FOAMTM can be formed into chips or pieces, generally resembling polystyrene packing peanuts, or ECO-FOAM can be formed into larger wafers and blocks, resembling polystyrene blocks.
  • the foamed starch substrate is a readily renewable resource.
  • the substrate can be in the form of a foam sheet or other specific shape, for example, the substrate may be m the form of particles or chips 22, shown in Figure 1.
  • the substrate may be in the form of a wafer 24, shown in Figure 2, for use with a fan-driven air freshener 26 shown in Figure 3.
  • a liquid fragrance is infused into the substrate. Because of the foamed form of the substrate, the substrate readily absorbs between about 0.01 and about 10 times its weight in fragrance. The amount of fragrance used depends upon the strength of the scent and its rate of release from the substrate. In a household application an appropriate light "potpourri"-type fragrance may be used.
  • the liquid fragrance is preferably an anhydrous or nearly anhydrous liquid selected from the group of essential oils, aroma chemicals, and odor neutralizers and masks.
  • the liquid fragrance is preferably, but not necessarily, a biodegradable substance.
  • a coloring agent can also be added to the liquid fragrance to impart color to the air freshener.
  • the color like the fragrance, is preferably, but not necessarily, a biodegradable substance.
  • the air freshener can be used in a forced-air air handling system to freshen or neutralize malodors .
  • the air freshener can also be used as a potpourri or mixed with dried flowers, herbs and spices as part of a potpourri. Because of its low density the air freshener inexpensively adds desirable bulk to the potpourri.
  • the air freshener is particularly well-suited for use in a simmering pot potpourri, since it can dissolve completely i water releasing fragrance into the water.
  • the air freshener can be stored in air tight containers or packages indefinitely, for example, in a high density polyethylene package.
  • the useful life of the air freshener can be controlled by the inherent volatility of the fragrance components, the amount of fragrance absorbed into the substrate, the shape and surface area of the substrate, the air flow over the substrate and the ambient temperature and humidity.
  • the amount and type of fragrance and the size and shape of the substrate can be selected to achieve the desired rate of fragrance release and air freshener life. To cover strong malo dors fragrances that quickly volatize would be selected; to merely scent the air fragrances that volatilize slowly would be selected.
  • the foamed starch substrate is water soluble, when the useful life of the air freshener is over, the substrate can simply be thrown away. As soon as the substrate is exposed to water, it will dissolve, leaving no solid residue behind. The resulting decomposition products are not harmful.
  • the air freshener can be disposed of in a sink or toilet. The substrate dissolves immediately upon contact with the water, releasing any residual fragrance, which has the added benefit of freshening the sink or toilet. Thus disposal is easy and environmentally responsible.
  • a water soluble foamed starch substrate is provided.
  • the substrate can be in th form of individual particles, a flat sheet, or any other convenient shape.
  • the substrate is infused with a liquid fragrance, selected so that the liquid does not detrimentally dissolve the substrate.
  • Blender 136 kilograms (300 pounds) of Chemia Lemon Fragrance #3053, available from the Chemia Corporation, St. Louis, Missouri, and 68 grams (0.15 pounds) of FDS.C Yellow #11 are mixe in a 55 gallon (208 liter) stainless steel drum.
  • the Ribbon Blender is started and the fragrance/dye mixture is sprayed onto the chips through a fine tip atomizer nozzle.
  • the chips are mixed for five minutes until the solution is completely absorbed and the color is uniform. This imparts a pleasant lemon scent t the chips.
  • the chips can be placed in an open container, to provide odor control or scent to a room as the liquid fragrance evaporates, or used in a simmering pot.
  • the air freshener can be disposed of in the trash, where it dissolves on contact with water so that it does not add volume to a landfill, or more preferably the air freshener is dumped in a sink or toilet, where it dissolves releasing any remaining lemon fragrance to freshen the sink or toilet.
  • An insect repellant according to the second embodiment of this invention comprises a water soluble substrate substantially comprising a foamed vegetable starch.
  • the starch is preferably corn starch, potato starch, or some combination of corn starch and potato starch.
  • suitable vegetable-derived starches could be used in addition to or instead of corn and/or potato starches.
  • one suitable substrate material is BIO PACTM responsible Loose Fill Packaging from EverGreen Solutions, Inc., Minneapolis, Minnesota.
  • Another suitable substrate material is ECO-FOAMTM extruded foam from American Excelsior, Inc., Arlington Texas. These materials are substantially dry, rigid, open-celle foams consisting essentially of vegetable starches.
  • the foamed starch substrate is a readily renewable resource. The material was described above.
  • the substrate can be in the form of a foam sheet or other specific shape, for example the substrate may be in the form of particles or chips 20, shown in Figure 4. Alternatively, the substrate may be in the form of a wafer 22, shown in Figure 5.
  • Liquid cedar oil is infused into the substrate. Because of the foamed form of the substrate, the substrate readily absorbs between about 0.01 and about 10 times its weight in cedar oil, and preferably is infused with about 3 times its weight in cedar oil
  • cedar oil is a naturally occurring, biodegradable substance
  • a coloring agent can also be added to the cedar oil to impart a cedar color to the insect repellant
  • the color is preferably, but not necessarily, a biodegradable substance
  • the insect repellant can be stored in air tight containers or packages indefinitely, for example in a high density polyethylene package
  • the useful life of the insect repellant can be controlled by the amount of cedar oil absorbed into the substrate, the shape and surface area of the substrate, the air flow over the substrate, and the ambient temperature and humidity.
  • the size and shape of the substrate can be selected t achieve the desired rate of release and insect repellant life.
  • the foamed starch substrate is water soluble, when the useful life of the insect repellant is over, the substrate can simply be thrown away As soon as the substrate is exposed to water, it w ll dissolve, leaving no solid residue behind Th resulting decomposition products are not harmful.
  • the insect repellant can even be disposed of in a sink or toilet The substrate dissolves immediately upon contact with the water, releasing any residual cedar oil Thus disposal is easy, and environmentally responsible.
  • a water soluble foamed starch substrate is provided.
  • the substrate can be in th form of individual particles, a flat sheet, or any other convenient shape
  • the substrate is infused with liquid cedar oil.
  • the following is an example of the method of manufacturing an insect repellant according to this invention 45 4 kilograms (100 pounds) of foamed vegetable starch BIO PACTM responsible Loose Fill Packaging chips from EverGreen Solutions, Inc. , Minneapolis, Minnesota, with a typical chip size of 3.2mm x 6.4m x 6.4mm, are loaded into a 72 cubic foot (2 cubic meter) Marion Ribbon Blender.
  • the Ribbon Blender is started and 136 kilograms (300 pounds) of red cedar oil, Virginia, is sprayed onto the chips through a fine tip atomizer nozzle.
  • the chips are mixed for five minutes until the solution is completely absorbed. Thi imparts a pleasant cedar scent to the chips.
  • the chips can be placed in an open container, to provide insect control in a drawer or closet as the cedar oil evaporates.
  • the insect repellant can be disposed of in the trash, where it dissolves on contact with water so that it does not add volume t a landfill, or more preferably the insect repellant is dumped in a sink or toilet, where it dissolves releasing any remaining cedar fragrance to freshen the sink or toilet.

Abstract

A biodegradable air freshener that breaks down in the presence of water to minimize solid waste, comprising a water soluble substrate (22) substantially comprising foamed vegetable starch, and a liquid fragrance carried in the substrate (22). The substrate (22) is preferably made of corn and/or potato starch. The liquid fragrance may be from about 0.01 to about 10 times the weight of the substrate (22). A coloring agent may optionally be provided in the liquid fragrance to impart color to the air freshener. Because the substrate (22) is made from a water soluble starch, it dissolves in water leaving little or no solid waste.

Description

AIR FRESHENER AND MOTH AND INSECT REPELLANT PRODUCTS
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to air fresheners, odor masks and malodor neutralizers and ro moth and insect repellant products that are biodegradable and which dissolve in water, leaving minimal solid waste.
Various types of air fresheners have been made to dispense fragrances and scents to mask or neutralize unpleasant odors or to simply provide a pleasant scent. One type of air freshener involves dissolving a fragrance in a liquid carrier, such as kerosene, or some other volatile organic compound. Fragrances may also be dissolved in water, although it is often necessary t use a detergent or other emulsifying agent to agent to dissolve the fragrance. The fragrance evaporates with the carrier, scenting the air. Liquid air fresheners are effective, but there is a risk of spillage. Moreover, there are concerns about the amount of volatile chemicals that are released and about disposal of the containers for the air freshener. Sometimes fragrances are infused into a solid carrier, such as a fiber or polymer felt, or a polymer foam carrier such as a polyurethane or polystyrene foam. These solid carriers reduce the risk of spillage and help to control the rate of fragrance release. Moreover, the solid carriers can be incorporated into fan-driven air fresheners facilitating the release of the fragrance. However, these solid substrates are undesirable from an environmental viewpoint because of the potential disposal problems. Polyurethane and polystyrene are substantially non- biodegradable and will not decompose. Thus, after their useful life these air fresheners contribute to the solid waste disposal problem, becoming a permanent part of a landfill.
A wide variety of substances have been used to repel moths and insects to protect clothing during storage, including paradichloro benzene, and naphthalene. These chemicals are solids that sublime or evaporate to produce vapors that repel or kill moths and other insects. There are increasing concerns about the effects of such chemicals on the environment. There are concerns about the amount of volatile chemicals that are released, and about disposal of the containers and packages for these chemicals. Cedar blocks and chips are more environmentally benign than most chemicals but they are generally less effective because of the low concentration of active ingredients.
The present invention relates to an improved air freshener, odor neutralizer, insect repellents, and other products comprising volatile substances or a biodegradable carrier. The air freshener according to the present invention generally comprises a water soluble substrate made from a foamed vegetable starch. The substrate is impregnated with a liquid fragrance that can evaporate from the substrate to freshen the surrounding air or add fragrance. However, because the substrate is comprised of a foamed vegetable starch, it is water soluble and quickly breaks down when exposed to water. This not only reduces volume of solid waste that must be disposed of, but allows the spent air freshener to be conveniently disposed of in a sink or toilet. As the foam substrate dissolves, residual fragrance is released to freshen the sink or toilet. Because the substrate comprises substantially vegetable starches, the decomposition products are not harmful. According to the method of making an air freshener according to this invention, water soluble foamed vegetable starch particles are provided. These particles are treated with a liquid fragrance and optionally a coloring agent, that is absorbed by the particles.
The insect repellant according to the present invention generally comprises a water soluble substrate made from a foamed vegetable starch. The substrate is impregnated with cedar oil, that can evaporate from the substrate to repel insects. However, because the substrate is comprised of a foamed vegetable starch, it is water soluble and quickly breaks down when exposed to water. This not only reduces volume of solid waste that must be disposed of, but allows the spent repellant to be conveniently and safely disposed of in a sink or toilet. Because the substrate comprises substantially vegetable starches, the decomposition products are not harmful. According to the method of making an insect repellant according to this invention, water soluble foamed vegetable starch particles are provided. These particles are treated with cedar oil that is absorbed by the particles.
The air freshener of the present invention provides a ready, spill-proof source of fragrance to mask unpleasant odors or simply provide a pleasant scent. The air freshener provides controlled, long-lasting release of the fragrance. When the air freshener is spent, it is conveniently and completely disposable in a sink or toilet, where any residual fragrance freshens the sink or toilet. Even if the air freshener is disposed of by conventional means, it quickly breaks down when exposed to water and, therefore, does not take up space in landfills. The insect repellant of the present invention provides a ready, spill-proof source of an insect repellant substance to repel moths and other insects. The insect repellant is dry to the touch, and thus will not stain clothing. The insect repellant provides controlled, long-lasting release of cedar oil. When the cedar oil is spent, the insect repellant is convenientl and completely disposable in a sink or toilet. Even if the insect repellant is disposed of by conventional means, it quickl breaks down when exposed to water, and therefore does not take u space in landfills. These and other features and advantages will be in part apparent and in part pointed out hereinafter.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a drawing of water soluble foamed vegetable starch particles suitable for use as a substrate for air freshener in accordance with this invention;
Figure 2 is a drawing of a water soluble foamed vegetable wafer suitable for use as a substrate in accordance with this invention; Figure 3 is a perspective view of a fan-driven air freshener unit,
Figure 4 is a drawing of water soluble foamed vegetable starch particles suitable for use as a substrate for an insect repellant m accordance with this invention; and
Figure 5 is a drawing of a water soluble foamed vegetable wafer suitable for use as a substrate for an insect repellant in accordance with this invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
An air freshener according to the first embodiment of this invention comprises a water soluble substrate substantially comprising a foamed vegetable starch The starch is preferably corn starch, potato starch or some combination of corn starch and potato starch. Of course, other suitable vegetable-derived starches could be used in addition to or instead of corn and/or potato starches. One suitable substrate material is BIO PAC™ Responsible Loose Fill Packaging from EverGreen Solutions, Inc., Minneapolis, Minnesota. Another suitable substrate material is ECO-FOAM™ extruded foam from American Excelsior, Inc., Arlington, Texas. These materials are substantially dry, rigid, open-celled foams consisting essentially of vegetable starches.
ECO-FOAM™ is composed of over 95% cornstarch from a special high-amylose hybrid corn which meets FDA food grade regulations, and due to the high starch content it decomposes easily in water The remaining ingredient is a water-soluble organic polymer which meets FDA food contact regulations, and is a common ingredient m adhesives, textiles, and paper coatings. ECO-FOAM™ is manufactured with an extruder in a simple heat and steam process, and generally resembles poly styrene foam. The ECO-FOAM™ can be formed into chips or pieces, generally resembling polystyrene packing peanuts, or ECO-FOAM can be formed into larger wafers and blocks, resembling polystyrene blocks.
In contrast to plastic felts and foams which are made from petroleum, the foamed starch substrate is a readily renewable resource. The substrate can be in the form of a foam sheet or other specific shape, for example, the substrate may be m the form of particles or chips 22, shown in Figure 1. Alternatively, the substrate may be in the form of a wafer 24, shown in Figure 2, for use with a fan-driven air freshener 26 shown in Figure 3. A liquid fragrance is infused into the substrate. Because of the foamed form of the substrate, the substrate readily absorbs between about 0.01 and about 10 times its weight in fragrance. The amount of fragrance used depends upon the strength of the scent and its rate of release from the substrate. In a household application an appropriate light "potpourri"-type fragrance may be used. In an industrial or institutional application, such as a public reεtrooms, a strong, effective odo neutralizing fragrance may be used. The liquid fragrance is preferably an anhydrous or nearly anhydrous liquid selected from the group of essential oils, aroma chemicals, and odor neutralizers and masks. The liquid fragrance is preferably, but not necessarily, a biodegradable substance.
A coloring agent can also be added to the liquid fragrance to impart color to the air freshener. The color, like the fragrance, is preferably, but not necessarily, a biodegradable substance.
The air freshener can be used in a forced-air air handling system to freshen or neutralize malodors . The air freshener can also be used as a potpourri or mixed with dried flowers, herbs and spices as part of a potpourri. Because of its low density the air freshener inexpensively adds desirable bulk to the potpourri. The air freshener is particularly well-suited for use in a simmering pot potpourri, since it can dissolve completely i water releasing fragrance into the water.
The air freshener can be stored in air tight containers or packages indefinitely, for example, in a high density polyethylene package. The useful life of the air freshener can be controlled by the inherent volatility of the fragrance components, the amount of fragrance absorbed into the substrate, the shape and surface area of the substrate, the air flow over the substrate and the ambient temperature and humidity. The amount and type of fragrance and the size and shape of the substrate can be selected to achieve the desired rate of fragrance release and air freshener life. To cover strong malo dors fragrances that quickly volatize would be selected; to merely scent the air fragrances that volatilize slowly would be selected.
Because the foamed starch substrate is water soluble, when the useful life of the air freshener is over, the substrate can simply be thrown away. As soon as the substrate is exposed to water, it will dissolve, leaving no solid residue behind. The resulting decomposition products are not harmful. Preferably, however, the air freshener can be disposed of in a sink or toilet. The substrate dissolves immediately upon contact with the water, releasing any residual fragrance, which has the added benefit of freshening the sink or toilet. Thus disposal is easy and environmentally responsible.
According to the method of this invention, a water soluble foamed starch substrate is provided. The substrate can be in th form of individual particles, a flat sheet, or any other convenient shape. The substrate is infused with a liquid fragrance, selected so that the liquid does not detrimentally dissolve the substrate.
EXAMPLE 1
The following is an example of the method of manufacturing air freshener according to this invention. 45.4 kilograms (100 pounds) of foamed vegetable starch BIO PAC™ Responsible Loose Fill Packaging chips from EverGreen Solutions, Inc. , Minneapolis Minnesota, with a typical chip size of 3.2mm x 6.4mm x 6.4mm, ar loaded into a 72 cubic foot (2 cubic meter) Marion Ribbon
Blender. 136 kilograms (300 pounds) of Chemia Lemon Fragrance #3053, available from the Chemia Corporation, St. Louis, Missouri, and 68 grams (0.15 pounds) of FDS.C Yellow #11 are mixe in a 55 gallon (208 liter) stainless steel drum. The Ribbon Blender is started and the fragrance/dye mixture is sprayed onto the chips through a fine tip atomizer nozzle. The chips are mixed for five minutes until the solution is completely absorbed and the color is uniform. This imparts a pleasant lemon scent t the chips. The chips can be placed in an open container, to provide odor control or scent to a room as the liquid fragrance evaporates, or used in a simmering pot. When the scent has dissipated to the extent that it is no longer effective, the air freshener can be disposed of in the trash, where it dissolves on contact with water so that it does not add volume to a landfill, or more preferably the air freshener is dumped in a sink or toilet, where it dissolves releasing any remaining lemon fragrance to freshen the sink or toilet.
An insect repellant according to the second embodiment of this invention comprises a water soluble substrate substantially comprising a foamed vegetable starch. The starch is preferably corn starch, potato starch, or some combination of corn starch and potato starch. Of course, other suitable vegetable-derived starches could be used in addition to or instead of corn and/or potato starches. As discussed above with regard to the first embodiment, one suitable substrate material is BIO PAC™ Responsible Loose Fill Packaging from EverGreen Solutions, Inc., Minneapolis, Minnesota. Another suitable substrate material is ECO-FOAM™ extruded foam from American Excelsior, Inc., Arlington Texas. These materials are substantially dry, rigid, open-celle foams consisting essentially of vegetable starches. The foamed starch substrate is a readily renewable resource. The material was described above.
The substrate can be in the form of a foam sheet or other specific shape, for example the substrate may be in the form of particles or chips 20, shown in Figure 4. Alternatively, the substrate may be in the form of a wafer 22, shown in Figure 5.
Liquid cedar oil is infused into the substrate. Because of the foamed form of the substrate, the substrate readily absorbs between about 0.01 and about 10 times its weight in cedar oil, and preferably is infused with about 3 times its weight in cedar oil The cedar oil is a naturally occurring, biodegradable substance
A coloring agent can also be added to the cedar oil to impart a cedar color to the insect repellant The color, is preferably, but not necessarily, a biodegradable substance
The insect repellant can be stored in air tight containers or packages indefinitely, for example in a high density polyethylene package The useful life of the insect repellant can be controlled by the amount of cedar oil absorbed into the substrate, the shape and surface area of the substrate, the air flow over the substrate, and the ambient temperature and humidity. The size and shape of the substrate can be selected t achieve the desired rate of release and insect repellant life.
Because the foamed starch substrate is water soluble, when the useful life of the insect repellant is over, the substrate can simply be thrown away As soon as the substrate is exposed to water, it w ll dissolve, leaving no solid residue behind Th resulting decomposition products are not harmful. The insect repellant can even be disposed of in a sink or toilet The substrate dissolves immediately upon contact with the water, releasing any residual cedar oil Thus disposal is easy, and environmentally responsible.
According to the method of this invention, a water soluble foamed starch substrate is provided. The substrate can be in th form of individual particles, a flat sheet, or any other convenient shape The substrate is infused with liquid cedar oil.
EXAMPLE 2
The following is an example of the method of manufacturing an insect repellant according to this invention 45 4 kilograms (100 pounds) of foamed vegetable starch BIO PAC™ Responsible Loose Fill Packaging chips from EverGreen Solutions, Inc. , Minneapolis, Minnesota, with a typical chip size of 3.2mm x 6.4m x 6.4mm, are loaded into a 72 cubic foot (2 cubic meter) Marion Ribbon Blender. The Ribbon Blender is started and 136 kilograms (300 pounds) of red cedar oil, Virginia, is sprayed onto the chips through a fine tip atomizer nozzle. The chips are mixed for five minutes until the solution is completely absorbed. Thi imparts a pleasant cedar scent to the chips. The chips can be placed in an open container, to provide insect control in a drawer or closet as the cedar oil evaporates. When the cedar oil has dissipated to the extent that it is no longer effective, the insect repellant can be disposed of in the trash, where it dissolves on contact with water so that it does not add volume t a landfill, or more preferably the insect repellant is dumped in a sink or toilet, where it dissolves releasing any remaining cedar fragrance to freshen the sink or toilet.
In view of the above, it will be seen that the several objects of the invention are achieved and other advantageous results attained.
As various changes could be made in the above constructions without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intende that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
1. A biodegradable air freshener and odor neutralizer th breaks down in the presence of water to minimize solid waste, t air freshener comprising:
a water soluble substrate substantially comprising a substantially dry, rigid, open-celled foam consisting essential of vegetable starch; and
a liquid fragrance carried in the substrate.
2. The air freshener according to claim 1 wherein the water soluble substrate comprises at least one of the group comprising corn starch and potato starch.
3. The air freshener according to claim 1 wherein the liquid fragrance comprises 0.01 to 10 times the weight of the substrate.
4. The air freshener according to claim 1 further- comprising a coloring agent in the liquid fragrance carried in the substrate to impart color to the air freshener.
5. The air freshener according to claim 1 wherein the substrate is in the form of chips.
6. The air freshener according to claim 1 wherein the liquid fragrance is an anhydrous or nearly anhydrous liquid selected from the group of essential oils, aroma chemicals, and odor neutralizers and masks .
7. A method of making an air freshener comprising the steps of:
providing a water soluble made of a substantially dry, rigid, open-celled foam consisting essentially of vegetable starch; and
causing a liquid fragrance to be absorbed into the substrate.
8. The method according to claim 7 wherein the liquid fragrance is between 0.01 and 10 times the weight of the substrate.
9. The method according to claim 7 wherein the substrate comprises at least one of the group comprising corn starch and potato starch.
10. A biodegradable freshener and odor neutralizer product that breaks down in the presence of water to minimize solid waste, the freshener comprising:
a water soluble substrate made of a substantially dry, rigid, open-celled foam consisting essentially of vegetable starch; and
a liquid, evaporatable fragrance carried in the substrate, which evaporates from the substrate to freshen the air;
the substrate being completely dissolvable in water so that the freshener can be disposed of down a sink or toilet, whereupon residual freshener will be released to freshen the sink or toilet.
11. The biodegradable freshener according to claim 10 wherein the water soluble substrate comprises at least one of th group comprising corn starch and potato starch.
12. The biodegradable freshener according to claim 10 wherein the liquid fragrance comprises 0.01 to 10 times the weight of the substrate.
13. The biodegradable freshener according to claim 10 further comprising a coloring agent in the liquid fragrance carried in the substrate to impart color to the household freshener.
14. The biodegradable freshener according to claim 10 wherein the substrate is in the form of chips.
15. The biodegradable freshener according to claim 10 wherein the liquid fragrance is an anhydrous or nearly anhydrous liquid selected from the group of essential oils, aroma chemicals, and odor neutralizers and masks.
16. A method of freshening the air comprising the steps of
providing a substrate made of a substantially dry, rigid, open- celled foam consisting essentially of vegetable starch, infused with a volatile fragrance; allowing the fragrance to volatilize from the substrate to freshen the surrounding air; and dissolving the substrate in water when the fragrance has substantially volatilized.
17. A biodegradable insect repellant that breaks down in the presence of water to minimize solid waste, the insect repellant comprising:
a water soluble substrate substantially comprising foamed vegetable starch; and
cedar oil carried in the substrate.
18. The insect repellant according to claim 17 wherein the water soluble substrate comprises at least one of the group comprising corn starch and potato starch.
19. The insect repellant according to claim 17 wherein the cedar oil comprises 0.01 to 10 times the weight of the substrate
20. The insect repellant according to claim 17 further comprising a coloring agent in the cedar oil carried in the substrate to impart color to the insect repellant.
21. The insect repellant according to claim 17 wherein the substrate is in the form of chips.
22. A method of making an insect repellant comprising the steps of:
providing a water soluble foamed vegetable starch substrate; and
causing a cedar oil to be absorbed into the substrate.
23. The method according to claim 22 wherein the cedar oil is between 0.01 and 10 times the weight of the substrate.
24. The method according to claim 22 wherein the substrate comprises at least one of the group comprising corn starch and potato starch.
25. A biodegradable insect repellant product that breaks down in the presence of water to minimize solid waste, the insec repellant comprising: that dissolves upon comprising:
a water soluble substrate comprising foamed vegetable starch; an
cedar oil carried in the substrate, which evaporates from the substrate to form insect repelling fumes; the substrate being completely dissolvable in water so that the insect repellant can be disposed of down a sink or toilet, whereupon residual cedar oil will be released.
26. The insect repellant according to claim 25 wherein the water soluble substrate comprises at least one of the group comprising corn starch and potato starch.
27. The insect repellant according to claim 25 wherein the liquid fragrance comprises 0.01 to 10 times the weight of the substrate.
28. The insect repellant according to claim 25 further comprising a coloring agent in the cedar oil carried in the substrate to impart color to the insect repellant.
29. The insect repellant according to claim 25 wherein the substrate is in the form of chips.
30. A method of protecting clothing from insects comprisin the steps of:
providing a foamed vegetable starch substrate infused with cedar oil; allowing the cedar oil to volatilize from the substrate to form insect repelling fumes in the surrounding air; and dissolving the substrate in water when the cedar oil has substantially volatilized.
PCT/US1993/011336 1993-11-22 1993-11-22 Air freshener and moth and insect repellant products WO1995014495A1 (en)

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AU56160/94A AU5616094A (en) 1993-11-22 1993-11-22 Air freshener and moth and insect repellant products
PCT/US1993/011336 WO1995014495A1 (en) 1993-11-22 1993-11-22 Air freshener and moth and insect repellant products

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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