DE735096C - Process for the production of sulphonic acids - Google Patents
Process for the production of sulphonic acidsInfo
- Publication number
- DE735096C DE735096C DEI68390D DEI0068390D DE735096C DE 735096 C DE735096 C DE 735096C DE I68390 D DEI68390 D DE I68390D DE I0068390 D DEI0068390 D DE I0068390D DE 735096 C DE735096 C DE 735096C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- hydrocarbons
- sulfur dioxide
- production
- acids
- oil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C303/00—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides
- C07C303/02—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides of sulfonic acids or halides thereof
- C07C303/14—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides of sulfonic acids or halides thereof by sulfoxidation, i.e. by reaction with sulfur dioxide and oxygen with formation of sulfo or halosulfonyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C303/00—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides
- C07C303/24—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides of esters of sulfuric acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/04—Coating on selected surface areas, e.g. using masks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B37/00—Cases
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G4/28—Tubular capacitors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G4/30—Stacked capacitors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G5/00—Capacitors in which the capacitance is varied by mechanical means, e.g. by turning a shaft; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G5/38—Multiple capacitors, e.g. ganged
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03J—TUNING RESONANT CIRCUITS; SELECTING RESONANT CIRCUITS
- H03J3/00—Continuous tuning
- H03J3/20—Continuous tuning of single resonant circuit by varying inductance only or capacitance only
Description
Verfahren zur Herstellung von Sulfonsäuren
Die bei dein vorliegenden '-erfahren entstehenden Sulfonsä Uren scheiden sich bei Verwendung von niederen Kohlenwasserstoften zum größten Teil als Üle ab und können durch Trennung in Scheidegefäßen in roher Form gewonnen werden. Bei '#,-erwendung von höheren Kohlenwasserstoffeil bleiben die Sulfonsäuren zum Teil in diesen gelöst; sie können dann durch Extraktion mit in Kohlen-#.%-asserstofen unlöslichen Lösungsmitteln, wie z. B. Wasser oder 1lethylalkohol. abgetrennt «-erden. Durch Einengen der Extrakte erhält man die Sulfonsäuren in konzentrierter Form. Durch Neutralisation z. B. init Alkalien und gegebenenfalls Abtrennung der nicht umgesetzten Kohlenwasserstoffe nach bekannten Zerfahren erhält man Salze. Im allgemeinen entstehen vorwiegend Salze von 1lonosulfonsäuren im Gemisch finit Salzen von Disulfonsäuren und Alkalisulfaten.The sulphonic acids that arise during your present experience separate when lower hydrocarbons are used, for the most part turn out to be oils and can be obtained in raw form by separation in separating vessels. When using '#, the sulfonic acids of the higher hydrocarbons remain partially dissolved in them; they can then be extracted with solvents that are insoluble in coal - #.% - such as B. water or 1lethyl alcohol. separated «-earth. By concentrating the extracts the sulfonic acids are obtained in concentrated form. By neutralization z. B. init Alkalis and optionally separation of the unreacted hydrocarbons salts are obtained by known methods. In general, mainly salts are formed of llonosulphonic acids in a mixture of finite salts of disulphonic acids and alkali sulphates.
Die nach dein vorliegenden Verfahren erhältlichen Stoffe finden technisch vielseitig Verwendung, die höhermolekularen besonders als kapillaraktiv e'Mittel.The substances obtainable according to your present process can be found technically versatile use, the higher molecular weight especially as capillary-active e'mittel.
Gegenfiber dem bekannten Verfahren, hohlenwasserstoffe mit Schwefeldioxyd
und Chlor gegebenenfalls unter Belichtung zu Schwefel, Sauerstoff und Chlor enthaltenden
1'erbindungen, im wesentlichen Sulfochloriden, umzusetzen, bietet das vorliegende
Verfahren den Vorteil, daß man unmittelbar zu den freien Sulfonsäuren gelangt und
daß man ohne stark korrodierend wirkende Stoffe, wie Chlor und Chlorwasserstoff,
arbeiten kann. Beispiele
Das abgeschiedene Ü1 enthält in der Hauptsache Cvclolietansulfonsiiure und etwas Schwefelsäure: an feuchter Luft kristallisiert daraus ein Hydrat der C@'cloliexan--tilfotisatirL!. das durch Absaugen in reiner 1#orin gewonn_il werden kann. Zur Aufarbeitung trägt nian das Öl zweckmäßig in %fasser ein, entfernt durch 1?inblasen von Dampf Cyclohexan, Schwefeldioxyd und flüchtige Zer:etzungsprodukte und neutralisiert dann finit Natronlauge. Dampft man die Lösung zur Trockne. so erhält inan ein Pulver, das etlva qo °,'° cvclohexansulfonsaures -Natrium neben io °,,° Natriumsulfat enthält. Durch Unikristallisieren aus Wasser erhält man das evc1ohexansulfonsaure Natrium in glänzenden Blättchen.The separated oil contains mainly Cvclolietansulfonsiiure and a little sulfuric acid: in moist air a hydrate of C @ 'cloliexan - tilfotisatirL! crystallizes from it. that can be obtained by suction in pure 1 # orin. To work up contributes nian the oil expediently in a volume of water, removed by blowing in steam cyclohexane, Sulfur dioxide and volatile decomposition products and then finitely neutralizes sodium hydroxide solution. The solution is evaporated to dryness. so inan receives a powder that is etlva qo °, '° contains cvclohexansulfonsaures -sodium in addition to io ° ,, ° sodium sulfate. By unicrystallizing the evc1ohexanesulphonic acid sodium is obtained in shiny flakes from water.
Gti ähnlichen Ergebnissen gelangt -man, wenn man die Umsetzungen in violgl is-oder Quarzapparaturen durchführt. Hier kommt die Umsetzung, wenn auch langsamer, schon durch Bestrahlung mit einer hochkerzigen Glühlampe in Gang. -Man kann die Herstellung der Cyclohexansulfonsäure aus Cyclohexan, Schwefeldioxyd und `auerstolz auch so durchführen, daß inan die Unisetzung, wie oben beschrieben, durch Bestrahlung in Gang bringt und nach beginnender Ülabscheidung die Lichtquelle ausschaltet. Die Umsetzung läuft ohne Störung im Dunkeln weiter, wobei man praktisch die gleichen Ausbeuten wie bei dauerndem Bestrahlen erhält.Gti similar results can be obtained if one looks at the conversions in violgl is or quartz apparatus carries out. Here comes the implementation, albeit slower, already started by irradiation with a high-candlestick incandescent lamp. -Man can produce cyclohexanesulfonic acid from cyclohexane, sulfur dioxide and `` Perform with pride in such a way that inan the unisposition, as described above, through Bringing irradiation in motion and switching off the light source after the beginning of the deposition of oil. The implementation continues in the dark without any disturbance, practically the same Yields as obtained with continuous irradiation.
2. Ersetzt man im Beispiel r das Cyclohexan durch n-Heptan, so ist-das äußere Bild der 'Unisetzung das gleiche: auch hier läuft die einmal eingeleitete Umsetzung im Dunkeln glatt weiter. Durch Eintragen in Wasser und Behandlung mit Dampf erhält nian eine Lösung, die nach der -Neutralisation finit -Natronlauge und Ein(latnpfen ein halbfest. l'rzetir,ni: ergibt. (las au: einem Gemisch von etwa 8; bis 90 °,'° \Tatriumsalzen von hauptsächlich Heptanniono- und etwas Di:ulfon-#äuren mit 13 bis 1o °`° Natriumsulfat besteht.2. If the cyclohexane is replaced by n-heptane in example r, the external picture of the dissolution is the same: here too, once the conversion has been initiated, it continues smoothly in the dark. By immersing it in water and treating it with steam, a solution is obtained which, after neutralization, finite sodium hydroxide solution and a (latnpfen, results in a semi-solid. L'rzetir, ni:. It consists of sodium salts of mainly heptannionic and some di: ulfonic acids with 13 to 10 ° sodium sulfate.
3. Ersetzt man im Beispiel r (las Cyclollexan (lurch 1letliylcycloliexan. So erhält inan nach (ler Umarbeitung auf die Natriuni:alze ein halbfestes Erzeugnis. in deni eine Mischung Voll etwa 75 bis So'"', der Natriunisalze %-on lIetlivlcvclohexaninoliostilfonsä Uren neben etwas Disultonsauren mit 25 bi: 2o °/o Natriumsulfat vorliegt.. 3. Replacing So obtained in Example r (las Cyclollexan (lurch 1letliylcycloliexan inan by (ler makeover on the Natriuni: Alze a semi-solid product in a mixture full deni about 75 to So ''', the Natriunisalze% -one lIetlivlcvclohexaninoliostilfonsä Uren. in addition to some disultonic acid with 25 bi: 20% sodium sulphate.
In eineng Apparat ähnlich dein in Beispiel i beschriebenen, der mit 8oo Gewichtsteilen Tetrachlorkohlenstoff gefüllt ist, leitet man stündlich ein Gasgemisch von 2o I n-Butan, io 1 Schwefeldioxyd und 3 1 Sauerstoff ein und belichtet mit einer Quecksilberdampfquarzlainpe. 'Nach kurzer Zeit trübt sich der Tetrachlorkohlenstoff und scheidet ein farbloses Öl ab, das spezifisch leichter als das Lösungsmittel ist. 1Iai-1 erhält je Stunde etwa 16 Gewichtsteile Öl.In an apparatus similar to that described in example i, the one with 800 parts by weight of carbon tetrachloride is filled, a gas mixture is passed every hour of 2o I n-butane, 10 1 sulfur dioxide and 3 1 oxygen and exposed to a Mercury vapor quartz glass. 'After a short time, the carbon tetrachloride becomes cloudy and separates out a colorless oil that is specifically lighter than the solvent is. 1Iai-1 receives about 16 parts by weight of oil per hour.
Die obere Ölschicht wird, wie im Beispiel i beschrieben, aufgearbeitet und liefert ein Gemisch Von etwa S; °i, L\Tatriumsalzen der n-Butansulfonsäuren und 13 °,lo Natriumsulfat.The upper oil layer is worked up as described in Example i and provides a mixture of about S; ° i, sodium salts of n-butanesulfonic acids and 13 °, lo sodium sulfate.
Verwendet man statt n-Butans Isobutan, so Verläuft die Reaktion etwas langsamer, das anfallende Öl erstarrt an feuchter Luft zu dem kristallinen Hvdrat einer Isobutansulfonsäure. Nach der Aufarbeitung erhält man ein Gemisch Voll etwa ;7 °@p isobutansulfonsaurem Natriulli und 23 °/o \Tatriumsulfat.If isobutane is used instead of n-butane, the reaction proceeds somewhat slower, the resulting oil solidifies in moist air to form the crystalline substrate an isobutanesulfonic acid. After the work-up, a mixture of approximately full is obtained ; 7% p isobutanesulphonic acid sodium and 23% sodium sulphate.
Verwendet man -an Stelle von n-Butan Propan, so gelangt inan zu ähnlichen Ergebnissen, die Umsetzung Verläuft hier nur langsamer als beim Butan. Statt Tetrachlorkohlenstoffes kann man äuch.andere geeignete Lösungsmittel, wie z.B. 1Ictliylenclilorid, mit gleichem Erfolg anwenden.If propane is used instead of n-butane, similar ones are obtained Results, the implementation is only slower here than with butane. Instead of carbon tetrachloride you can also use other suitable solvents, such as octylene chloride, with the same Apply success.
Ersetzt man im Beispiel i das Cyclohexan durch 3-llethyllieptan, so sind die äußeren Erscheinungen der Umsetzung, die nur wesentlich langsamer Verläuft, ganz ähnliche.' Nach der Aufarbeitung erhält man ein Salzgemisch Von etwa 86 bis SS °r, Natriumsalzen von 3-1lethvlheptansulfonsäuren mit 14 bis I20/0 Natriumsulfat.If in example i the cyclohexane is replaced by 3-llethyllieptane, so are the outward appearances of the implementation, which only proceeds much more slowly, very similar. ' After working up, a salt mixture from about 86 to is obtained SS ° r, sodium salts of 3-1 ethyl heptanesulfonic acids with 14 to 120/0 sodium sulfate.
6. Ersetzt man im Beispiel i das Cyclohexan durch ein Gemisch, das durch Hy drin rung einer Voll 2=o bis 32o° siedenden Fraktion des durch Unisetzung Von Kohlenoxyd mit Wasserstoff erhältlichen Kohlenwasserstoffgemisches gewonnen wird, und behandelt unter Bestrahlung mit einer Quecksilberdampf lampe mit einem Gemisch Von SChwefeldioxyd und Sauerstoff, so beobachtet man eine rasch zunehmende Gelbfärbung des Kohlenwasserstoffgemisches bei gleichzeitiger Ölabscheidung. Durch Extraktion mit wäßrigeni Methylalkohol gewinnt man eine Lösung, die nach Entfernung des Schwefeldioxyds und der angewandten Lösungsmittel neutralisiert und zur Trockne gedampft wird. "Man erhält so ein Genfisch Von 'N atriumsalzen der Sulfonsäuren der angewandten Kohlenwasserstoffe mit Natriumsulfat.6. If in example i the cyclohexane is replaced by a mixture which by hy drin tion of a full 2 = 0 to 32o ° boiling fraction of the by unisposition Obtained from carbon dioxide with hydrogen obtained hydrocarbon mixture is, and treated under irradiation with a mercury vapor lamp with a The mixture of sulfur dioxide and oxygen is observed to increase rapidly Yellowing of the hydrocarbon mixture with simultaneous oil separation. By Extraction with aqueous methyl alcohol gives a solution which, after removal of sulfur dioxide and the solvents used, neutralized and dried is steamed. "You get a gene table of sodium salts of sulfonic acids of the applied hydrocarbons with sodium sulphate.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEI0068390 | 1940-12-09 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE735096C true DE735096C (en) | 1943-05-06 |
Family
ID=7196871
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEI68390D Expired DE735096C (en) | 1940-12-09 | 1940-12-10 | Process for the production of sulphonic acids |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (8) | BE443658A (en) |
CH (1) | CH228209A (en) |
DE (1) | DE735096C (en) |
FR (1) | FR877672A (en) |
Cited By (53)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2503280A (en) * | 1947-10-24 | 1950-04-11 | Du Pont | Azo catalysts in preparation of sulfonic acids |
US2507088A (en) * | 1948-01-08 | 1950-05-09 | Du Pont | Sulfoxidation process |
DE1014067B (en) * | 1953-07-29 | 1957-08-22 | Basf Ag | Wetting agent for mercerising and caustic baths |
DE967238C (en) * | 1953-02-06 | 1957-10-24 | Basf Ag | Easily emulsifiable or colloidally soluble wax products |
DE1139116B (en) * | 1956-02-03 | 1962-11-08 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Process for the preparation of aliphatic and cycloaliphatic sulfonic acids |
US3507909A (en) * | 1968-01-22 | 1970-04-21 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Production of sulfonate salts of lighter color |
US4518537A (en) * | 1983-02-07 | 1985-05-21 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Process for isolating paraffinsulfonate from the reaction mixture obtained on sulfoxidating paraffins |
US5075026A (en) * | 1986-05-21 | 1991-12-24 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Microemulsion all purpose liquid cleaning composition |
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DE102007020697A1 (en) | 2007-05-03 | 2008-11-06 | Clariant International Ltd. | Process for isolating concentrated paraffin sulphonic acids |
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DE102008032723A1 (en) | 2008-07-11 | 2010-01-14 | Clariant International Limited | Process for the isolation of paraffin sulphonic acids |
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Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE910165C (en) * | 1943-01-15 | 1954-04-29 | Hoechst Ag | Process for the production of sulphonic acids |
DE872942C (en) * | 1948-10-02 | 1953-04-09 | Krupp Kohlechemie G M B H | Process for the sulfoxidation of oxygen-containing derivatives of saturated aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons |
-
1940
- 1940-12-10 DE DEI68390D patent/DE735096C/en not_active Expired
-
1941
- 1941-11-15 CH CH228209D patent/CH228209A/en unknown
- 1941-12-09 BE BE443658A patent/BE443658A/en unknown
- 1941-12-11 FR FR877672D patent/FR877672A/en not_active Expired
-
1942
- 1942-02-09 BE BE444546A patent/BE444546R/en active
- 1942-04-23 BE BE445312A patent/BE445312R/en active
- 1942-04-27 BE BE445349A patent/BE445349R/en active
-
1943
- 1943-04-09 BE BE450081A patent/BE450081R/en active
-
1944
- 1944-08-17 BE BE457247A patent/BE457247R/en active
- 1944-08-17 BE BE457246A patent/BE457246R/en active
-
1959
- 1959-03-28 BE BE457245A patent/BE457245R/en active
Cited By (75)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2503280A (en) * | 1947-10-24 | 1950-04-11 | Du Pont | Azo catalysts in preparation of sulfonic acids |
US2507088A (en) * | 1948-01-08 | 1950-05-09 | Du Pont | Sulfoxidation process |
DE967238C (en) * | 1953-02-06 | 1957-10-24 | Basf Ag | Easily emulsifiable or colloidally soluble wax products |
DE1014067B (en) * | 1953-07-29 | 1957-08-22 | Basf Ag | Wetting agent for mercerising and caustic baths |
DE1139116B (en) * | 1956-02-03 | 1962-11-08 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Process for the preparation of aliphatic and cycloaliphatic sulfonic acids |
US3507909A (en) * | 1968-01-22 | 1970-04-21 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Production of sulfonate salts of lighter color |
US4518537A (en) * | 1983-02-07 | 1985-05-21 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Process for isolating paraffinsulfonate from the reaction mixture obtained on sulfoxidating paraffins |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BE443658A (en) | 1942-01-31 |
BE444546R (en) | 1942-03-31 |
FR877672A (en) | 1942-12-14 |
BE445349R (en) | 1942-05-30 |
BE445312R (en) | 1942-05-30 |
BE457245R (en) | 1944-09-30 |
BE450081R (en) | 1943-05-31 |
CH228209A (en) | 1943-08-15 |
BE457247R (en) | 1944-09-30 |
BE457246R (en) | 1944-09-30 |
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