WO2009089576A1 - Improvements in cardiovascular performance - Google Patents

Improvements in cardiovascular performance Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009089576A1
WO2009089576A1 PCT/AU2009/000031 AU2009000031W WO2009089576A1 WO 2009089576 A1 WO2009089576 A1 WO 2009089576A1 AU 2009000031 W AU2009000031 W AU 2009000031W WO 2009089576 A1 WO2009089576 A1 WO 2009089576A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
individual
period
regime
heart rate
maximum
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU2009/000031
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michael Anthony Neaverson
Original Assignee
Michael Anthony Neaverson
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Michael Anthony Neaverson filed Critical Michael Anthony Neaverson
Publication of WO2009089576A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009089576A1/en

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B22/00Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/22Ergometry; Measuring muscular strength or the force of a muscular blow
    • A61B5/221Ergometry, e.g. by using bicycle type apparatus
    • A61B5/222Ergometry, e.g. by using bicycle type apparatus combined with detection or measurement of physiological parameters, e.g. heart rate
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B24/00Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
    • A63B24/0062Monitoring athletic performances, e.g. for determining the work of a user on an exercise apparatus, the completed jogging or cycling distance
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A61B5/024Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B24/00Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
    • A63B24/0062Monitoring athletic performances, e.g. for determining the work of a user on an exercise apparatus, the completed jogging or cycling distance
    • A63B2024/0065Evaluating the fitness, e.g. fitness level or fitness index
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2230/00Measuring physiological parameters of the user
    • A63B2230/04Measuring physiological parameters of the user heartbeat characteristics, e.g. ECG, blood pressure modulations
    • A63B2230/06Measuring physiological parameters of the user heartbeat characteristics, e.g. ECG, blood pressure modulations heartbeat rate only
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B24/00Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
    • A63B24/0075Means for generating exercise programs or schemes, e.g. computerized virtual trainer, e.g. using expert databases

Definitions

  • THIS INVENTION relates to improving the cardiovascular performance of an individual.
  • it is directed to an improved method of exercising which can reduce the risk of cardiovascular and related diseases in an individual.
  • Heart disease is an increasing problem in today's society with tens of thousands of people in the 25-69 year age range dying annually from various forms of cardiac failure. A number of remedial factors are attributed to these deaths, including lack of exercise, being overweight, smoking and suffering from excessive stress.
  • Exercise can, inter alia, improve work capacity (by increasing the oxygen consumption per kg of body weight (met)), reduce body weight, increase beneficial HDL cholesterol levels, reduce dangerous triglyceride levels, reduce hypertension and generally improve the overall well being of an individual.
  • any such exercise regime should ideally be enjoyable, capable of being undertaken without excessive health professional supervision, not require sophisticated and/or expensive equipment, be of a relatively short duration, capable of being undertaken in various environments and settings, but still be significantly effective in improving the overall fitness level and well being of the participant.
  • the present inventor has established that this general objective can be achieved by subjecting a participant to an individualized anaerobic interval training programme.
  • a method to improve the cardiovascular performance and/or reduce the risk of cardiovascular or other disease or other undesired symptoms in an individual including:
  • said first and second regimes are selected to substantially meet said safe work load of said individual.
  • said safe work load is measured as the safe maximum heart rate of said individual.
  • said first regime is at a level around 70-85% of said maximum heart rate of said individual.
  • said maximum heart rate of said individual is determined by subjecting said individual to a short exercise regime during which the heart rate of said individual is monitored.
  • a typical short exercise regime is the repetitive exercise regime known as interval training.
  • said first period is about five minutes.
  • said second period is about one minute.
  • said individual undertakes:
  • said individual undertakes said three of said three sets in every seven day (168 hours) period of a forty two day (1008 hours) period.
  • said individual is subjected to a short exercise regime during which the current maximum heart rate of said individual is monitored, and said first and second regimes and/or said first and second periods are subsequently adjusted, if necessary, such that said current maximum heart rate of said individual is not exceeded during a subsequent practice of said method.
  • interval training is the repetitive exercise regime known as interval training.
  • cardiovascular performance it may not be required to significantly improve cardiovascular performance, but one merely wishes to monitor that performance when an individual is subjected to certain cardiovascular work loads.
  • a method to monitor the cardiovascular performance of an individual including:
  • said fitness level being determined by subjecting said individual to a short exercise regime and calculating the product of the maximum measured heart rate and systolic blood pressure of said individual divided by the maximum oxygen consumption of said individual during said exercise regime;
  • a third aspect of the present invention there is provided a method to reduce the accumulation of lactic acid in the blood of an individual while said individual is engaged in anaerobic exercise, said method including:
  • a method to improve the cardiovascular performance and/or reduce the risk of cardiovascular or other disease or other undesired symptoms in an individual including:
  • assessing data of said individual said data at least being selected from one or more of the group comprising personality, anxiety and depression assessment, any said medical history, and dietary history;
  • an intending participant completes a questionnaire which determines the participant's general health, dietary habits and the outcome(s) sought by the participant (for example, relief from a specific cardio-related medical problem, increased fitness, weight loss, etc.)
  • the participant is then subject to a short exercise regime, for example, the Bruce Protocol. From this regime, a fitness level ratio is calculated from the product of the maximum measured heart rate and systolic blood pressure of the participant divided by the maximum oxygen consumption of the participant during the exercise regime. The initial fitness level of that participant is then determined from the following scale: ⁇ 10 very fit; 10.1-15.0 fit; 15.1-20.0 average; 20.1-25.0 poor; >25.1 very poor.
  • a safe maximum cardiovascular work load for the participant is determined and an exercise regime is established.
  • a person usually a paramedical graduate, is assigned to the participant to monitor the performance of the participant and to determine any appropriate alterations to the regime that may be required as the participant undertakes the present invention.
  • the exercise regime typically, is selected from one or more of the following stationery bike riding, motorized treadmill, arm ergometry or walking.
  • the participant then undertakes three sessions per week for six weeks.
  • Each session typically comprises a 4 minute warm up, followed by a 3-5 minute high intensity exercise such as stationery bike riding, walking on a motorized treadmill, or undertaking arm ergometry exercises, followed by a 1 minute low intensity exercise, typically, being resting.
  • the alternating high and low intensity exercises are repeated twice more and are then followed by a 4 minute cool down.
  • the participant's heart rate is re-determined and the safe workload re-calculated. If the safe heart rate can be increased at that time, this is achieved either by increasing the duration or the work load of the high intensity exercise. Once the maximum target heart rate is achieved as measured at a re-determination, the remaining sessions within the six week period are completed at that particular intensity.
  • face to face contact between the participant and the paramedical graduate is not necessarily compulsory as telemetry monitoring of a participant's heart rate and other physiological parameters can be undertaken for remote downloading and assessment.
  • JM a 74yo male with known ischaemic cardiomyopathy
  • the regime commenced with a 4 minute warm up.
  • the interval training initially comprised 3 minutes on a stationary bicycle to target heart rates followed by 1 minute rest. This training was repeated twice more and then followed by a 4 minute cool down.
  • This regime was continued for 3 days a week for 3 weeks whereat the time on the bicycle was increased to 4 minutes. No increase in workload was required as heart rate was within the required range.
  • the amended regime continued for 3 weeks.
  • JM exhibited a very significant improvement in weight loss and physical fitness. He was able to double the amount of physical activity after the regime. HDL levels improved over time. No further hospital admissions were required.
  • JS a 62yo female
  • Exhibited mild aortic valve stenosis The regime commenced with a 4 minute warm up.
  • the interval training initially comprised 3 minutes on a stationary bicycle to target heart rates followed by 1 minute rest. This training was repeated twice more and then followed by a 4 minute cool down. This regime was continued for 3 days a week for 6 weeks during which the time on the bicycle was gradually increased to 4 and then to 5 minutes and the workload gradually increased.
  • KB a 36yo female, was referred because of atypical chest pain - non cardiac, but associated with gall bladder pathology.
  • the initial exercise assessment established that KB was less fit than she believed despite her exercising daily and being an avid surfer.
  • the regime commenced with a 4 minute warm up.
  • the interval training initially comprised 3 minutes of working to target heart rates followed by 1 minute rest.
  • the duration of walking was increased to 4 minutes and, for the third set, to 5 minutes. This regime was continued for 3 days a week for 6 weeks.
  • AF a 58yo male, had three previous myocardial infarcts and had been refused surgery due to a very poor prognosis. He was a cigarette and social drug user. He was clinically obese, depressed and had ceased medications due to this depression.
  • the regime commenced with a 4 minute warm up.
  • the interval training initially comprised 3 minutes on a stationary bicycle to target heart rates followed by 1 minute rest. This training was repeated twice more and then followed by a 4 minute cool down. This regime was continued for 3 days a week for 6 weeks during which the time on the treadmill was increased to 4 minutes and the workload gradually increased.
  • HDL "good” cholesterol
  • a risk factor in heart disease is the level of finite, the clotting factor in blood; participants exhibited a decline in finite levels;
  • participant could undertake same level of work at a lower heart rate or more physical work at their previous heart rate.
  • the increased physical activity will result in one or more benefits known to flow from such activity.
  • benefits include: reduced risk of premature death, heart disease, stroke, Type Il diabetes and colon cancer;
PCT/AU2009/000031 2008-01-18 2009-01-14 Improvements in cardiovascular performance WO2009089576A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2008200275 2008-01-18
AU2008200275A AU2008200275B1 (en) 2008-01-18 2008-01-18 Improvements in cardiovascular performance

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009089576A1 true WO2009089576A1 (en) 2009-07-23

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PCT/AU2009/000031 WO2009089576A1 (en) 2008-01-18 2009-01-14 Improvements in cardiovascular performance

Country Status (2)

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AU (1) AU2008200275B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2009089576A1 (de)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5435799A (en) * 1993-06-24 1995-07-25 Physiq, Inc. Circuit training exercise apparatus
US5803870A (en) * 1996-05-06 1998-09-08 Unisen, Inc. Exercise machine using heart rate control for cardiopulmonary interval training
WO1998044996A1 (en) * 1997-04-09 1998-10-15 Unisen, Inc. Heart rate interval control for cardiopulmonary interval training
WO2005082471A1 (en) * 2004-02-19 2005-09-09 Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V. Audio interval training device

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5435799A (en) * 1993-06-24 1995-07-25 Physiq, Inc. Circuit training exercise apparatus
US5803870A (en) * 1996-05-06 1998-09-08 Unisen, Inc. Exercise machine using heart rate control for cardiopulmonary interval training
WO1998044996A1 (en) * 1997-04-09 1998-10-15 Unisen, Inc. Heart rate interval control for cardiopulmonary interval training
WO2005082471A1 (en) * 2004-02-19 2005-09-09 Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V. Audio interval training device

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
FINN: "Effects of High-Intensity Intermittent Training on Endurance Performance", SPORTSCIENCE, vol. 5, no. 1, 2001, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://sportsci.org/jour/0101/cf.htm> [retrieved on 20090414] *
LINDSAY ET AL.: "Improved athletic performance in highly trained cyclists after interval training", MED SCI SPORTS EXERCISE, vol. 28, no. 11, 1996, pages 1427 - 1434, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8933495> [retrieved on 20090414] *
PATON ET AL.: "Effects of High-intensity training on Performance and Physiology of Endurance Athletes", SPORTSCIENCE, vol. 8, 2004, pages 25 - 40, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://sportsci.org/jour/04/cdp.htm> [retrieved on 20090414] *
STEVENS ET AL.: "Interval training: alternating periods of high- and low- intensity exercise for maximum benefit - includes continuing education test", AMERICAN FITNESS, July 1997 (1997-07-01), Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://findarticles.com/p/articleslmi_m0675/is_n4_v15/ai_19575697> [retrieved on 20090414] *

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