WO2007113637A1 - Composition liquide à plusieurs phases et lentille optique commandée par électromouillage - Google Patents

Composition liquide à plusieurs phases et lentille optique commandée par électromouillage Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2007113637A1
WO2007113637A1 PCT/IB2007/000839 IB2007000839W WO2007113637A1 WO 2007113637 A1 WO2007113637 A1 WO 2007113637A1 IB 2007000839 W IB2007000839 W IB 2007000839W WO 2007113637 A1 WO2007113637 A1 WO 2007113637A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oxide
nanoparticles
liquid
fluoride
conductive liquid
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2007/000839
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Franck Amiot
Mathieu Maillard
Gaëtan Liogier D'Ardhuy
Frédéric Chaput
Original Assignee
Varioptic
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Varioptic filed Critical Varioptic
Publication of WO2007113637A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007113637A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/004Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on a displacement or a deformation of a fluid
    • G02B26/005Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on a displacement or a deformation of a fluid based on electrowetting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y20/00Nanooptics, e.g. quantum optics or photonic crystals
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/12Fluid-filled or evacuated lenses
    • G02B3/14Fluid-filled or evacuated lenses of variable focal length
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/001Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
    • G02B13/0055Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element
    • G02B13/0075Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element having an element with variable optical properties
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B2207/00Coding scheme for general features or characteristics of optical elements and systems of subclass G02B, but not including elements and systems which would be classified in G02B6/00 and subgroups
    • G02B2207/101Nanooptics

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multi-phase liquid composition.
  • the invention also relates to an optical lens driven by electrowetting containing a multi-phase liquid composition of the invention.
  • a cell is defined by two transparent non-conductive plates and side walls.
  • the lower plate which is non-planar, comprises a conical or cylindrical depression or recess, which contains a drop of a non-conductive or non-conductive liquid.
  • the remainder of the cell is filled with an electrically conductive liquid, immiscible with the non-conductive liquid, having a different refractive index and substantially the same density.
  • An annular electrode which is open facing the recess, is positioned on the rear face of the lower plate. Another electrode is in contact with the conductive liquid.
  • the conductive liquid may be an aqueous liquid containing salts or an organic liquid containing ionic compounds.
  • the non- conductive liquid is typically an oil, an alkane or a mixture of alkanes, possibly halogenated.
  • the conductive liquid and the non-conductive liquid must have some specific common properties in order to provide a very performing lens to be used as a variable focus liquid lens, an optical zoom and any other optical device using electrowetting in an inside or outside environment.
  • It is an object of the invention to provide multi-phase liquid compositions comprising a conductive liquid and a non-conductive liquid, the non-conductive liquid being immiscible in the conductive liquid, these liquids having a high difference of refractive index, advantageously greater than or equal to about 0.2, preferably between about 0.2 and 0.4.
  • the invention relates to a multi-phase liquid composition
  • a multi-phase liquid composition comprising a conductive liquid and a non-conductive liquid, the non-conductive liquid being immiscible in the conductive liquid, the conductive liquid comprising nanoparticles.
  • the invention in another aspect, relates to a multi-phase liquid composition
  • a multi-phase liquid composition comprising a conductive liquid and a non-conductive liquid, the non-conductive liquid being immiscible in the conductive liquid, the non-conductive liquid comprising nanoparticles.
  • the invention in still another aspect, relates to a multi-phase liquid composition
  • a multi-phase liquid composition comprising a conductive liquid and a non-conductive liquid, the non-conductive liquid being immiscible in the conductive liquid, the conductive liquid and the non-conductive liquid comprising nanoparticles.
  • the difference of refractive index between both liquids is advantageously greater than or equal to about 0.2, preferably between about 0.2 and 0.4.
  • the density of both liquids is the same or is similar. This means it is acceptable that the difference of densities may vary within a short range. Typically, it is preferred the difference of densities is not more than about 3.10 "3 g/cm 3 at 20 0 C.
  • the dispersion of nanoparticles in one or both liquid phases may have effective impact on density, refractive index and/or viscosity, as explained below.
  • the person skilled in the art may select the nanoparticles (especially nature, size) and/or their amount that are useful to adjust the refractive index of one liquid phase and the difference of refractive index between both liquid phases. These particles may also be chosen to adjust other parameters, such as the density of the phase in order to adjust it as close as possible to that of the other phase.
  • nanoparticles are used to increase the refractive index and the density of the non-conductive or the conductive liquid.
  • nanoparticles are used to increase the refractive index of the non- conductive or the conductive liquid, without increasing or increasing too much the density. More specifically, nanoparticles are used to increase the difference between each refractive index of each liquid, without increasing or increasing too much the density.
  • nanoparticles are used to increase the density of the non- conductive or the conductive liquid, without modifying or modifying too much the refractive index.
  • Viscosity can be obtained from the Chong's equation:
  • is the dynamic viscosity (in Pa.s)
  • ⁇ m is the critical volume fraction
  • ⁇ a corresponds to the liquid viscosity
  • Refractive index from the composite liquid is deduced from the Maxwell-Garnet equation (assuming a mean field approximation, valid for small volume fractions): with ⁇ the dielectric constant in the visible range.
  • ⁇ n is the refractive index variation between the pure liquid and the liquid containing particles.
  • refractive index may be obtained using particles and/or liquids or other components of higher refractive index.
  • a solution of silica nanoparticles in ethylene glycol has been used as a high density liquid, because this material has a relatively low refractive index.
  • nanoparticles are nanometric solid materials, transparent in the visible range, small in size (the particles should not substantially or not at all diffuse light), for example particle size lower than about 50 nanometers, preferably lower than about 20 nanometers, more preferably lower than about 10 nanometers, and well dispersible in conductive and/or non conductive liquids.
  • the nanoparticles present a density of about 2 g/cm 3 to about 20 g/cm 3 , preferably of about 4 g/cm 3 to about 15 g/cm 3 .
  • the liquids containing the nanoparticles have good optical qualities; they are still transparent, present a low diffusion and high Abbe numbers (dispersive power).
  • the shape of the nanoparticles is preferably chosen to avoid light polarization and scattering.
  • the particles are preferably spherical or close to a spherical shape.
  • nanoparticles By extension, other materials could be used as nanoparticles to increase density and refractive index. Materials should be chosen depending on the optical requirements. As an example, titanium oxide could be used to screen UV light.
  • Nanoparticles can also be used to make conductive a liquid which is non conductive per se, in other words nanoparticles are useful to confer conductivity to a non conductive liquid, such as for example a non conductive liquid which is non miscible with another non conductive liquid.
  • nanoparticles are made of but are not limited to silver, platinum or carbon and dispersed in a poorly conducting liquid to increase the conductivity.
  • nanoparticles dispersed in one or both liquids are made of one or more materials having a strong absorption in the UV light wavelength range, typically at wavelength below about 360 nm, but a very low absorption in the visible light wavelength range. These materials are made of titanium oxide or cerium oxide for example. Such particles are deemed to absorb the UV light coming through the electrowetting device and thus protect some liquids and/or insulating layer and/or hydrophobic coatings comprised in the electrowetting device from UV degradation.
  • nanoparticles dispersed in one or both liquids are made of one or more materials having a strong absorption in the IR wave lengths, particularly in the Near-IR, preventing from implementing an IR filter on the lens.
  • a filter is necessary when the electrowetting device is an optical device comprising a numerical imaging sensor, usually sensitive to IR wave lengths, particularly in the Near-IR wave lengths.
  • nanoparticles comprise at least one visible light transparent material, such as silica, and containing IR absorbing molecules embedded in the materials. These molecules are preferentially absorbing infrared and transparent to visible light.
  • the IR absorbing molecules embedded in the particles are organic metal complex infrared absorbing dyes.
  • the organic metal complex is of the aminothiophenolate type, as described in US patent application 2002/0125464 A1.
  • the multiphase composition is made of two non miscible liquids and only one of them comprises nanoparticles being conductive.
  • the dispersing medium is thus more conducting than the other liquid, allowing electrowetting phenomenon to occur with liquids that are not necessarily conductive in the beginning. This feature allows the use of a much broader range of liquids, including liquids being much more chemically stable.
  • liquid not containing water an example of such liquid being a high refractive index liquid made of oily molecules on the one side, and a low refractive index liquid like fluorinated solvent on the other side, particles being dispersed either in the high or low refractive index liquid.
  • mixtures of two or more different materials can be used as nanoparticles to be dispersed in one or both of the liquids.
  • oxides and/or fluorides may be used, and for example those chosen from among indium fluoride (InF 3 ), indium oxide (In 2 O 3 ), tin fluorides (SnF 2 or SnF 4 ), tin oxide (SnO 2 ), barium fluoride (BaF 2 ), barium oxide (BaO), bismuth fluoride (BiF 3 ) and bismuth oxide (Bi 2 O 3 ).
  • Particles can be coated by organic ligands in order to increase the colloidal stability, especially in organic solvent or media.
  • Ligands are usually molecules similar to the dispersing media and chemically functionalized to bind the surface of the inorganic particles.
  • nanoparticles based on silica, titanium or aluminum oxide can be dispersed in an non-conductive oil.
  • PDMS polydimethylsiloxane
  • Shape of the nanoparticles is spherical to avoid light polarization and scattering.
  • titanium oxide particles mean 2.5 nm in diameter, made and dispersed by nano-H Company in a silicon oil SIP6827 (phenyltrimethoxysilane, company ABCR). Liquids have been characterized with and without particles:
  • Viscosity is also higher than expected, presumably because the model only considers the nanoparticles as hard spheres whereas it is coated by molecules having an intrinsic viscosity.
  • yttria particles (Y 2 O 3 ) have been dispersed in the same oil SIP6827 (ABCR) at 50 g/L and characterized:
  • nanoparticles can be dispersed in the non-conductive phase in order to increase the density as well as the refractive index.
  • Nanoparticles based on ytterbium, gadolinium, titanium, indium, tin, bismuth, zirconium, barium have a density high enough in order to increase the density of the non-conductive phase already at low concentration of nanoparticles.
  • Dispersion of the nanoparticles can be done in the oil by the mean of an organic surface around the metal oxide or fluoride.
  • the size of the nanoparticles may be around 5 nm in order to avoid the diffraction and the diffusion of the light. By this way, the suspension stays clear and transparent.
  • Nanoparticles can be dispersed in the conductive phase, either in water or in ethylene glycol which are already components of the conductive phase. In this case, the density can be adjusted to be equilibrated with the oil.
  • SiO 2 was purchased from Nyacoi nanotechnogies (reference product DP 5820, 30% in ethylene glycol).
  • ZrO 2 was purchased from Nyacoi nanotechnologies (product stabilized 20%in acetic acid).
  • the viscosity is rather low and the density has been significantly increased.
  • the refractive index stays reasonably low.
  • the liquid is reasonably dispersive since the Abbe number is higher than 50.
  • SL-5267 is a polyphenyl ether high refractive index compound provided by NUSIL Silicone technology. Electrowetting experiments have been done on these liquids.
  • the hydrophobic substrate was Parylene C on stainless steal.
  • the applied voltage increased from 0 to 120 V. Under these conditions, the contact angle of the oil in the conductive phase increased from 45 to 105 without saturation phenomena. (See Figure 7). Hysteresis stays rather low.
  • the interfacial tension was 30.82 mN/m
  • compositions have been made where the proportion of nanoparticles can vary (SiO 2 : about 20 nm; ZrO 2 : about 5 to about 10 nm):
  • the electrical conductive liquid comprises at least one conventional freezing-point lowering agent.
  • freezing-point lowering agent mention may be made of alcohol, glycol, glycol ether, polyol, polyetherpolyol and the like, or mixtures thereof. Examples thereof include the following agents: ethanol, ethylene glycol (EG), monopropylene glycol (MPG), 1 ,2-propane diol, 1 ,2,3-propane triol (glycerol), and the like, and mixtures thereof.
  • the multi-phase liquid composition comprises a non- conductive liquid that is immiscible in the conductive liquid.
  • This said non-conductive liquid comprising an organic or an inorganic (mineral) compound or mixture thereof.
  • organic or inorganic compounds include a Si-based monomer or oligomer, a Ge-based monomer or oligomer, a Si-Ge-based monomer or oligomer, a hydrocarbon, or a mixture thereof.
  • the hydrocarbon may be linear or branched and may contain one or more saturated, unsaturated or partially unsaturated cyclic moiety(ies).
  • the hydrocarbon has advantageously from 10 to 35 carbon atoms, preferably from 15 to 35 carbon atoms. Hydrocarbons having less than 10 carbon atoms are less preferred since miscibility into the conductive liquid may occur.
  • the hydrocarbon may comprise one or more insaturation(s) in the form of double and/or triple bond(s). More than 2 or 3 double or triple bonds are not preferred considering the risk of decomposition with UV radiations. Preferably the hydrocarbon does not contain any double or triple bonds, in which case the hydrocarbons are referred to as alkanes in the present specification.
  • the hydrocarbon may further comprise one or more heteroatoms, as substituants and/or as atoms or group of atoms interrupting the hydrocarbon chain and/or ring.
  • heteroatoms include, but are not limited to, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, phosphor, halogens (mainly as fluorine, chlorine, bromine and/or iodide). Care should be taken that the presence of one or more heteroatom(s) does not impact the immiscibility of the two liquids.
  • the hydrocarbon is or comprises:
  • a linear or branched alkane such as decane (C 1 0H 22 ), dodecane (C 12 H 24 ), squalane (C 30 H 62 ), and the like;
  • alkane comprising one or more rings, such as tert-butylcyclohexane (C 10 H 20 ), and the like;
  • a fused ring system such as ⁇ -chloronaphthalene, ⁇ -bromonaphthalene, cis,trans- decahydronaphthalene (Ci 0 Hi 8 ), and the like;
  • a mixture of hydrocarbons such as those available as Isopar ® V, Isopar ® P (from
  • nanoparticles can be dispersed in one or several of the following silicon-based compound:
  • each of R1 , R2 and R' independently represents alkyl, (hetero)aryl, (hetero)arylalkyl, (hetero)aryialkenyl or (hetero)arylalkynyl and n is comprised between 1 and 20, preferably between 1 and 10, more preferably n is 1 , 2, 3, 4 or 5 and with the precision that n is greater than 2 in formula 1c;
  • R1 , R2 and R' are as defined above and m is comprised between 1 and 20, preferably between 1 and 10, more preferably m is 1 , 2 or 3;
  • R2 X R4 wherein R1 and R2 are as defined above, and each of R3 and R4 independently represents alkyl, (hetero)aryl, (hetero)arylalkyl, (hetero)arylalkenyl or (hetero)arylalkynyl.
  • alkyl means a straight or branched alkyl radical having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; preferred alkyl includes methyl, ethyl, /7-propyl, /so-propyl; alkyl radical may be halogenated, for instance may comprise a 1 , 1 , 1 -trif luopropyl group;
  • - (hetero)aryl means an aromatic or heteroaromatic radical containing from 5 to 12 atoms, forming at least one, preferably one, aromatic and/or heteroaromatic ring, said ring(s) being optionally substituted by one or more halogens, preferably 1, 2 or 3 halogen atoms (mainly fluorine, chlorine and/or bromine), and being optionally fused with one or more saturated, partially saturated or unsaturated ring system;
  • preferred (hetero)aryl is phenyl or naphthyl, optionally substituted with 1 , 2 or 3 halogen atoms;
  • (hetero)arylalkyl is as defined above for each of the alkyl and (hetero)aryl radical; preferred (hetero)arylalkyls include benzyl, phenethyl, optionally substituted with 1 ,
  • - (hetero)arylalkenyl and (hetero)arylalkynyl correspond to radicals wherein the (hetero)aryl moiety is as defined above, and alkenyl and alkynyl represent a straight or branched alkyl radical, as defined above, further comprising one or more, preferably one, double bond or one or more, preferably one, triple bond, respectively.
  • the nanoparticles can be dispersed in one or several of the following specific silicon- based species: - hexamethyldisilane, diphenyldimethylsilane, chlorophenyltrimethylsilane, phenyltri- methylsilane, phenethyltris(trimethylsiloxy)silane, phenyltris(trimethyisiloxy)silane, polydimethyl- siloxane, tetraphenyltetramethyltrisiloxane, poly(3,3,3-trifluoropropylmethylsiloxane), 3,5,7-triphenylnonamethylpentasiloxane, 3,5-diphenyloctamethyltetrasiloxane, 1 ,1 ,5,5-tetraphenyl-1 ,3,3,5-tetramethyltrisiloxane, and hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane.
  • the nanoparticles can be dispersed in one or several of the following germane based species:
  • R', R1 , R2, R3, R4 and n are as defined above.
  • the non-conductive liquid may contain one or several of the following specific germane based species: hexamethyldigemnane, diphenyldimethylgermane, phenyltrimethyl- germane.
  • the non-conductive liquid comprises at least one Si- and/or Ge-based compound substituted by one or more phenyl groups and/or other groups like fluorinated or non fluorinated alkyl (ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl), linear or branched alkyls, chlorinated or brominated phenyl groups, benzyl groups, halogenated benzyl groups; or a mixture of Si- and/or Ge-based compounds wherein at least one compound is substituted by one or more phenyl groups and/or other groups like fluorinated or non fluorinated alkyl (ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl), linear or branched alkyls, chlorinated or brominated phen
  • the nanoparticles can be dispersed in the non-conducting liquid in the presence of wetting agents.
  • organic or inorganic (mineral) compounds - and/or of wetting agents, specifically on Parylene or Cyclotene, or other non-conductive (isolating) layer or coating having a high surface energy (> 30 mN/m) - are presented in Tables 1 , 2 and 3 below:

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une composition liquide à plusieurs phases comprenant un liquide conducteur et un liquide non conducteur, une nanoparticule étant dispersée dans l'un au moins de ces liquides. La présente invention concerne également une lentille optique commandée par électromouillage comprenant la composition liquide à plusieurs phases, cette lentille optique se présentant sous la forme d'une lentille liquide à focale variable ou étant incluse dans celle-ci, un zoom optique ainsi qu'un appareil comprenant cette lentille optique et un circuit de commande ou une unité électronique permettant de commander ladite lentille. L'appareil est un appareil photo, un téléphone cellulaire, un endoscope ou une caméra vidéo dentaire.
PCT/IB2007/000839 2006-03-31 2007-03-30 Composition liquide à plusieurs phases et lentille optique commandée par électromouillage WO2007113637A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06356037 2006-03-31
EP06356037.9 2006-03-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007113637A1 true WO2007113637A1 (fr) 2007-10-11

Family

ID=38337153

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2007/000839 WO2007113637A1 (fr) 2006-03-31 2007-03-30 Composition liquide à plusieurs phases et lentille optique commandée par électromouillage

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2007113637A1 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7573646B2 (en) 2006-07-12 2009-08-11 Varioptic S.A. Liquid lens interconnection
WO2011157826A1 (fr) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-22 Samsung Lcd Netherlands R & D Center B.V. Elément et fluide d'électromouillage
US8304067B2 (en) * 2007-09-07 2012-11-06 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method of fabricating liquid film, method of arranging nano particles and substrate having liquid thin film fabricated using the same
US9494790B1 (en) 2014-09-29 2016-11-15 Amazon Technologies, Inc. Electrowetting element and fluid
US20170045203A1 (en) * 2015-08-13 2017-02-16 Abl Ip Holding Llc Configurable lighting device using a light source and optical modulator
EP3418252A1 (fr) * 2017-06-20 2018-12-26 Vestel Elektronik Sanayi ve Ticaret A.S. Lentille liquide à points quantiques, dispositifs les contenant, procédé de fabrication d'une lentille liquide à points quantiques et procédé de fonctionnement d'un dispositif électronique électroluminescent
WO2019183335A1 (fr) * 2018-03-22 2019-09-26 Corning Incorporated Agents de récupération de transmission pour formulations de lentilles liquides
WO2019225975A1 (fr) * 2018-05-23 2019-11-28 엘지이노텍(주) Lentille liquide, et module de prise de vues et dispositif optique comprenant cette lentille liquide
WO2021038453A1 (fr) 2019-08-29 2021-03-04 Haute Ecole Arc Dispositif d'usinage laser
RU2813451C1 (ru) * 2023-01-31 2024-02-12 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "КСПАНСЕО" (ООО "КСПАНСЕО") Жидкая линза, снабженная ей контактная линза и интраокулярное устройство

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030006140A1 (en) * 2001-02-28 2003-01-09 Giacomo Vacca Microfluidic control using dielectric pumping
WO2003069380A1 (fr) * 2002-02-14 2003-08-21 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Lentille a foyer variable
WO2005038764A1 (fr) * 2003-10-08 2005-04-28 E Ink Corporation Affichages par electro-mouillage
WO2005096067A1 (fr) * 2004-04-02 2005-10-13 Eastman Kodak Company Element d'affichage d'electromouillage
US20060050402A1 (en) * 2004-09-07 2006-03-09 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Variable-focus lens and image taking apparatus

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030006140A1 (en) * 2001-02-28 2003-01-09 Giacomo Vacca Microfluidic control using dielectric pumping
WO2003069380A1 (fr) * 2002-02-14 2003-08-21 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Lentille a foyer variable
WO2005038764A1 (fr) * 2003-10-08 2005-04-28 E Ink Corporation Affichages par electro-mouillage
WO2005096067A1 (fr) * 2004-04-02 2005-10-13 Eastman Kodak Company Element d'affichage d'electromouillage
US20060050402A1 (en) * 2004-09-07 2006-03-09 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Variable-focus lens and image taking apparatus

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7573646B2 (en) 2006-07-12 2009-08-11 Varioptic S.A. Liquid lens interconnection
US8304067B2 (en) * 2007-09-07 2012-11-06 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method of fabricating liquid film, method of arranging nano particles and substrate having liquid thin film fabricated using the same
CN102947743B (zh) * 2010-06-18 2018-12-14 利奎阿维斯塔股份有限公司 电润湿元件和流体
US10126543B2 (en) * 2010-06-18 2018-11-13 Amazon Technologies, Inc. Water content of a fluid of an electrowetting element
US20130109764A1 (en) * 2010-06-18 2013-05-02 Samsung Lcd Netherlands R & D Center B.V. Electrowetting element and fluid
US9457330B2 (en) 2010-06-18 2016-10-04 Amazon Techologies, Inc. Electrowetting element and fluid containing low amounts of water
CN102947743A (zh) * 2010-06-18 2013-02-27 三星Lcd荷兰研究开发中心 电润湿元件和流体
US20170017073A1 (en) * 2010-06-18 2017-01-19 Amazon Technologies, Inc. Water content of a fluid of an electrowetting element
WO2011157826A1 (fr) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-22 Samsung Lcd Netherlands R & D Center B.V. Elément et fluide d'électromouillage
US9494790B1 (en) 2014-09-29 2016-11-15 Amazon Technologies, Inc. Electrowetting element and fluid
US10018829B1 (en) 2014-09-29 2018-07-10 Amazon Technologies, Inc. Electrowetting element and liquid
WO2017027698A1 (fr) * 2015-08-13 2017-02-16 Abl Ip Holding Llc Dispositif d'éclairage configurable utilisant une source de lumière et un modulateur optique
US20170045203A1 (en) * 2015-08-13 2017-02-16 Abl Ip Holding Llc Configurable lighting device using a light source and optical modulator
EP3418252A1 (fr) * 2017-06-20 2018-12-26 Vestel Elektronik Sanayi ve Ticaret A.S. Lentille liquide à points quantiques, dispositifs les contenant, procédé de fabrication d'une lentille liquide à points quantiques et procédé de fonctionnement d'un dispositif électronique électroluminescent
WO2019183335A1 (fr) * 2018-03-22 2019-09-26 Corning Incorporated Agents de récupération de transmission pour formulations de lentilles liquides
WO2019225975A1 (fr) * 2018-05-23 2019-11-28 엘지이노텍(주) Lentille liquide, et module de prise de vues et dispositif optique comprenant cette lentille liquide
WO2021038453A1 (fr) 2019-08-29 2021-03-04 Haute Ecole Arc Dispositif d'usinage laser
RU2813451C1 (ru) * 2023-01-31 2024-02-12 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "КСПАНСЕО" (ООО "КСПАНСЕО") Жидкая линза, снабженная ей контактная линза и интраокулярное устройство

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2007113637A1 (fr) Composition liquide à plusieurs phases et lentille optique commandée par électromouillage
EP1991890B1 (fr) Dispositif d'électromouillage optique
EP1979771B1 (fr) Composition liquide à plusieurs phases et lentille optique à focus variable commandée par électromouillage la comprenant
Subramani et al. Highly flexible and visibly transparent poly (vinyl alcohol)/calcium zincate nanocomposite films for UVA shielding applications as assessed by novel ultraviolet photon induced fluorescence quenching
CN103732669B (zh) 纳米结构化制品及其制备方法
Al-Aaraji et al. Effect of silicon carbide nanoparticles addition on structural and dielectric characteristics of PVA/CuO nanostructures for electronics devices
US7729057B2 (en) Use of bromine anions in an optical electrowetting device
Chang et al. Preparation of water-resistant antifog hard coatings on plastic substrate
De Hazan et al. High solids loading ceramic colloidal dispersions in UV curable media via comb-polyelectrolyte surfactants
EP1816491A1 (fr) Dispositif d'électromouillage
Hashim et al. Facile fabrication and developing the structural, optical and electrical properties of SiC/Y2O3 nanostructures doped PMMA for optics and potential nanodevices
WO1995002835A1 (fr) Materiau composite a indice de refraction eleve, procede de fabrication de ce materiau composite et materiau optiquement actif comprenant ce materiau composite
JP2007183366A (ja) 防塵性光透過性部材及びその用途、並びにその部材を具備する撮像装置
US7813049B2 (en) Optical element
WO2007088452A1 (fr) Utilisation d'anions bromure dans un dispositif d'électromouillage optique
JP2013541726A (ja) エレクトロウェッティング光学装置
JP2016024464A (ja) 光パワーヒステリシスの低い液体レンズ
Chi et al. Aggregation of silica nanoparticles in sol–gel processes to create optical coatings with controllable ultralow refractive indices
WO2008017929A2 (fr) Utilisation de sels d'ammonium quaternaire dans un dispositif optique électromouillant
WO2020159781A1 (fr) Liquides ioniques à point bas de fusion pour la conception d'une lentille liquide infrarouge
Shubha et al. Influence of TiO2 nanoparticles on structural, optical, dielectric and electrical properties of bio-compatible PEOX–PVP–TiO2 nanocomposites
Lee et al. Zirconia nanocomposites and their applications as transparent advanced optical materials with high refractive index
TW201945377A (zh) 用於液體透鏡調配的透射回復劑
US20240069245A1 (en) Polyfluoroaromatic derivatives for liquid lenses
Tun et al. Dual interface trapezium liquid prism with beam steering function

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 07734161

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 07734161

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1