WO2007079657A1 - High efficient apparatus using solar energy - Google Patents

High efficient apparatus using solar energy Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007079657A1
WO2007079657A1 PCT/CN2006/003658 CN2006003658W WO2007079657A1 WO 2007079657 A1 WO2007079657 A1 WO 2007079657A1 CN 2006003658 W CN2006003658 W CN 2006003658W WO 2007079657 A1 WO2007079657 A1 WO 2007079657A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solar
mirror
converging
converging lens
solar cell
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2006/003658
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Qiu Xia
Original Assignee
Qiu Xia
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Publication date
Application filed by Qiu Xia filed Critical Qiu Xia
Publication of WO2007079657A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007079657A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0547—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/12—Light guides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/71—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with parabolic reflective surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/79—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with spaced and opposed interacting reflective surfaces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a solar energy utilization device, in particular to a high performance solar energy device. Background technique
  • the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell module and the efficiency of the conversion material are closely related to the number of photogenerated carriers, and the use of a large number of solar cell modules leads to extremely high cost;
  • High-power solar power generation devices generally must be fixedly mounted, not in-vehicle or portable, and limit the use environment.
  • solar water heaters are basically medium-temperature type, that is, below 90, not applicable in winter or in cold regions; the solar cookers currently used are basically open-air use, that is, inconvenient and unhygienic, and inconvenient to operate;
  • the sunlight lighting device does not reach the illumination required for normal lighting due to lighting.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of existing solar energy application equipment and to design and manufacture a high performance solar energy device which is simple in structure and low in cost and which is suitable for solar energy to generate electric energy, heat energy or light energy.
  • a high-performance solar device comprising a concentrator fixedly mounted on a support and a concentrating mirror, the concentrator and convergence
  • the mirrors have the same optical axis, and the concentrator condenses the sunlight at a certain angle to the converging mirror disposed at the upper portion thereof, wherein the concentrating angle is that the concentrating spot of the concentrator should be equal to or smaller than the mirror of the condensing mirror
  • the area of the mouth a converging lens is disposed under the converging mirror, and the converging lens is also on the same optical axis as the converging mirror.
  • the distance between the converging mirror and the converging lens should be such that the specular spot of the converging mirror is completely illuminated to the converging lens.
  • Upper, that is, the spot area should be equal to the central cross-sectional area of the converging lens perpendicular to the optical axis; under the converging lens, a light energy conversion device is disposed along the optical axis direction.
  • the light energy conversion device is a solar cell module, an optical fiber or a superconducting heat pipe, and uses the device to generate electric energy, heat energy or light energy to meet different usage requirements.
  • the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: Since the device has multiple convergence and reflection to achieve ⁇ concentrating, solar energy is utilized sufficiently, and the precision of a single concentrator does not need to be high, and any material such as a concentrator or a converging mirror can be used.
  • the light reflection layer can be manufactured to greatly reduce the manufacturing cost; the solar power source can be used as a component, which is convenient for driving, carrying, repairing and replacing, and is very convenient to use.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a power generation and heat generating device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an external solar cell module integrated box device
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a concentrated light illumination device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a thermal power generation device of the present invention.
  • a high performance solar device of the present invention comprises a concentrator 1 and a concentrating mirror 4, etc.
  • the concentrator and the concentrating mirror may be in the shape of a parabolic mirror or other geometric shapes.
  • a parabolic mirror-shaped concentrator 1 is fixedly mounted on a bracket 9, and a bracket 9 is fixed on the base 10.
  • the concentrator 1 converges and reflects sunlight onto the light concentrating mirror 4 thereon.
  • the concentrating mirror 4 is disposed at the top end of the concentrating mirror bracket 5; the concentrator 1 and the condensing mirror 4 have the same optical axis 12; the concentrator 1 reflects the sunlight at a certain angle to the condensing mirror 4
  • a converging lens 6 is disposed under the converging mirror 4, and the converging mirror 4 reflects the concentrated sunlight onto the converging lens 6.
  • the converging lens 6 and the converging mirror 4 are also located on the optical axis 12; the converging lens 6 converges.
  • the rear high-concentration beam is incident on the solar cell module 8 vertically below the lens and placed on the optical axis 12, by adjusting the mutual distance between the concentrator 1, the converging mirror 4, the condenser lens 6, and the solar cell module 8.
  • the distance between the concentrator 1 and the concentrating mirror 4 is such that the condensing mirror 4 does not block the concentrator 1, and the concentrating spot of the concentrator 1 should be equal to or smaller than the mirror area of the condensing mirror 4; the condensing mirror 4, the distance between the converging lens 6 and the converging mirror 4 should be completely irradiated onto the converging lens 6, that is, the spot area should be equal to or smaller than the central cross-sectional area of the converging lens 6 perpendicular to the optical axis 12; the converging lens 6 and The distance between the solar cell modules 8 should be a high-concentration beam concentrated by the converging lens 6, uniformly irradiated on the solar cell module 8, that is, the area of the concentrated beam spot condensed by the converging lens 6 should be equal to the area of the solar cell module 8.
  • the solar cell module 8 can be laminated on a single piece or a plurality of unsealed solar cells. Since the concentrated beam is strong, the transmitted light is strong, and the thickness of the cell can be the upper cell. The transmitted light from the sheet is transmitted to the back sheet to generate electricity at the same time, which can avoid the loss of light reflection and make full use of sunlight. Laminated together
  • the solar cell can be simply packaged, reducing production difficulty, reducing packaging materials, reducing production costs, and avoiding heat island effects and improving battery life.
  • a filter 7 may be disposed between the condenser lens 6 and the solar cell module 8, and the filter 7 can filter out carriers which cannot generate carriers and generate only heat. Light.
  • one or more superconducting tubes 2 are disposed between the condenser lens 6, the filter 7, and the solar cell module 8, and one end of the superconducting tube 2 is connected to the condenser lens 6 and the solar cell module 8.
  • the other end of the superconducting heat pipe 2 is connected to the water tank 3, which can transfer the heat generated by the high concentrated sunlight to achieve the purpose of heat dissipation, and can generate high temperature hot water.
  • the water tank 3 can be used as a component type, suitable for winter or Heating in the cold regions to get hot water for living.
  • the heat generated by a plurality of such single-unit solar photovoltaic power generation devices can be collected on one or several steam power generation devices to form a solar thermal steam generator, so that the solar energy can be more fully utilized and can be greatly Reduce the total cost of solar power.
  • the solar cell module 8 may be a single solar panel, or may be a plurality of solar cells stacked without being packaged, and the solar cells 17 are connected by a card plug; It is ensured that light transmitted from the upper cell is transferred to the next cell.
  • the solar cell module box 15 is disposed at a position away from the condenser lens 6.
  • the solar cell module box 15 is provided with a diverging lens 16 and a solar cell sheet 17, and a plurality of The solar cell sheets 17 are stacked by a card-type plugging method.
  • the sunlight introduced from the condenser lens 6 is taken out through the optical fiber 11, and is concentratedly projected onto the solar cell sheet 17 via the diverging lens 16, and the optical fiber 11 can also be taken out.
  • the sunlight is projected through the diverging lens 16 to the respective layers of the stacked solar cells 17.
  • the device realizes the integration, modularization and miniaturization of the solar cell sheet 17, and can prevent the solar cell sheet from being reduced in conversion efficiency caused by wind, rain, hail and high temperature environment in summer, and can also be reduced. Avoid direct impact, strong shock and impact of external hard objects.
  • Each battery pack is not packaged, avoiding heat island effect, improving light use efficiency and battery life.
  • the above structure can be used to make the solar power source into a component type, which is convenient for vehicle, carrying, repairing and replacing.
  • a filter 7 is disposed between the condenser lens 6 and the optical fiber 11 , and a fan or a super heat pipe is disposed on the external solar cell assembly box 15 to meet the optimal conversion efficiency of the solar cell module. temperature.
  • FIG 3 shows an embodiment of the concentrating illumination device of the present invention.
  • the light beam concentrated by the condenser lens 6 of the device is introduced into the illumination lamp 13 in the place where illumination is required by the optical fiber 11, and a strong illumination light can be obtained, and the utilization efficiency of sunlight can be maximized in terms of single illumination use requirements.
  • a solar light cooker can also be made of a material with fast heat conduction, and the other end of the optical fiber 11 is directly connected to the solar light cooker.
  • Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the thermal power generation apparatus of the present invention.
  • One or more superconducting tubes 2 are disposed under the converging lens 6, and the superconducting tube 2 is passed into the steam boiler of the steam generator set 14, so that the solar energy can be directly used for steam power generation; the heat source can also be connected through the superconducting tube 2.
  • the other end of the superconducting heat pipe 2 is connected to the solar heat stove for use in a plurality of split solar hot stoves, or directly into the water tank to provide domestic hot water.
  • the high-performance solar device of the present invention is provided with a solar tracking system, which can keep the parabolic mirror or geometric reflector always facing the sun, and achieve the best concentration effect.
  • the device can adjust the concentration of light to hundreds of times or more, so under the same conditions, the amount of solar cell modules can be greatly reduced, and the conversion efficiency of existing solar cells can be greatly improved by more than double. Since the device is highly concentrated and reflected to achieve high concentration, the accuracy of a single concentrator is not required to be high, thereby greatly reducing the manufacturing cost.
  • the concentrator 1, the condensing mirror 4 and the like of the device can be made of any material, and a light reflecting layer can be added thereon, and the form can be hard or folded, as long as it can be used. Ask for it.
  • the device is provided with a charging device, an energy storage device, an inverter, and a voltage stabilizing device, and can be made into a solar power source of various powers to meet the needs of different loads.
  • Large-scale power plants can also be formed through large arrays, and grid-connected power generation.

Abstract

Apparatus using solar energy including a concentrator (1) and a focal reflector (4) mounted on a support is disclosed. The concentrator (1) focuses and reflects the sunlight to the focal reflector (4) positioned above the concentrator (1) accordance with a certain degrees. A focal lens (6) is positioned below the focal reflector (1). Both the concentrator (1) and the focal reflector (4) have a same optical axis. And the apparatus (2) such as solar battery modules, optical fibers or super conductive heat pipes, which can convert solar energy, are positioned under the focal lens (6) and along said optical axis. Said apparatus using solar energy can be used to produce electric energy, heat energy or light energy, to meet different requirement.

Description

一种高性能太阳能装置  High performance solar device
技术领域  Technical field
本发明涉及一种太阳能利用设备， 具体涉及一种高性能太阳能装置。 背景技术  The invention relates to a solar energy utilization device, in particular to a high performance solar energy device. Background technique
太阳能电池组件的光电转换效率和转换材料的效率与光生载流子的 多少密切相关， 采用大量的太阳能电池组件导致成本极高； 太阳光中约 The photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell module and the efficiency of the conversion material are closely related to the number of photogenerated carriers, and the use of a large number of solar cell modules leads to extremely high cost;
5 0 %的光不能产生载流子， 仅产生热。 因此， 要满足高注入载流子的 条件是提高光照强度。 采用单一聚光器， 需要很高的聚光精度， 带来制 造成本大幅度增加； 光照强度提高必然产生大量的热， 而高热将使太阳 能电池转换效率下降， 甚至损坏太阳能电池； 太阳能电池组件因封装和 裸露于露天环境使表面不洁产生热岛效应， 导致电池片的损坏相当高， 且生产技术难度也较大； 大功率太阳能发电装置一般都必须固定安装， 不能车载或便携， 限制了使用环境； 目前， 太阳能热水器基本上是中温 型， 也即在 90 以下， 冬天或者在高寒地区不适用； 目前使用的太阳能 灶基本上是露天使用， 即不方便也不卫生， 并且不便于操作； 现在应用 的太阳光照明装置， 由于采光原因达不到正常照明所要求的照度。 50% of the light does not generate carriers, only heat is generated. Therefore, the condition for satisfying high injection carriers is to increase the light intensity. The use of a single concentrator requires a high concentration of light, which leads to a significant increase in manufacturing costs; the increase in light intensity will inevitably generate a large amount of heat, and the high heat will cause the solar cell conversion efficiency to drop, even damage the solar cell; Encapsulation and exposure to open air environment make the surface unclean and produce a heat island effect, resulting in high damage of the battery chip and high technical difficulty. High-power solar power generation devices generally must be fixedly mounted, not in-vehicle or portable, and limit the use environment. At present, solar water heaters are basically medium-temperature type, that is, below 90, not applicable in winter or in cold regions; the solar cookers currently used are basically open-air use, that is, inconvenient and unhygienic, and inconvenient to operate; The sunlight lighting device does not reach the illumination required for normal lighting due to lighting.
发明内容  Summary of the invention
本发明的目的是克服现有太阳能应用设备的不足， 设计制造一种结 构简单、 成本低廉的满足太阳能产生电能、 热能或光能的高性能太阳能 装置。  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of existing solar energy application equipment and to design and manufacture a high performance solar energy device which is simple in structure and low in cost and which is suitable for solar energy to generate electric energy, heat energy or light energy.
上述发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的： 一种高性能太阳能装 置， 包括固定安装在支架上的聚光器和会聚反射镜， 所述聚光器和会聚 反射镜具有同一光轴， 聚光器按照一定角度将太阳光会聚反射到设置在 其上部的会聚反射镜上， 所述一定角度是指聚光器会聚的光斑应等于或 小于会聚反射镜的镜口面积； 在会聚反射镜下方设置有会聚透镜， 会聚 透镜与上述会聚反射镜也位于同一光轴上， 会聚反射镜与会聚透镜之间 的距离应使会聚反射镜的反光光斑完全照射到会聚透镜上， 即光斑面积 应等于会聚透镜垂直于光轴的中心截面积； 在会聚透镜的下方， 并沿所 述光轴方向设置有光能转换设备。 The above object of the invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: A high-performance solar device comprising a concentrator fixedly mounted on a support and a concentrating mirror, the concentrator and convergence The mirrors have the same optical axis, and the concentrator condenses the sunlight at a certain angle to the converging mirror disposed at the upper portion thereof, wherein the concentrating angle is that the concentrating spot of the concentrator should be equal to or smaller than the mirror of the condensing mirror The area of the mouth; a converging lens is disposed under the converging mirror, and the converging lens is also on the same optical axis as the converging mirror. The distance between the converging mirror and the converging lens should be such that the specular spot of the converging mirror is completely illuminated to the converging lens. Upper, that is, the spot area should be equal to the central cross-sectional area of the converging lens perpendicular to the optical axis; under the converging lens, a light energy conversion device is disposed along the optical axis direction.
所述光能转换设备为太阳能电池组件、 光导纤维或超导热管， 使用 该设备产生电能、 热能或光能， 以满足不同的使用要求。  The light energy conversion device is a solar cell module, an optical fiber or a superconducting heat pipe, and uses the device to generate electric energy, heat energy or light energy to meet different usage requirements.
本发明的有益效果是： 由于本装置经过多次会聚、 反射达到髙聚光 度， 太阳能利用充分， 且单个聚光器的精度不需要很高， 聚光器、 会聚 反射镜等可采用任何材料加装光反射层制作， 可以大幅度降低制造成本； 太阳能电源可作成分体式， 便于车载、 携行、 检修、 更换， 使用十分方 便。  The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: Since the device has multiple convergence and reflection to achieve 髙 concentrating, solar energy is utilized sufficiently, and the precision of a single concentrator does not need to be high, and any material such as a concentrator or a converging mirror can be used. The light reflection layer can be manufactured to greatly reduce the manufacturing cost; the solar power source can be used as a component, which is convenient for driving, carrying, repairing and replacing, and is very convenient to use.
附图说明  DRAWINGS
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明。  The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
图 1为本发明发电、 发热装置结构示意图；  1 is a schematic structural view of a power generation and heat generating device according to the present invention;
图 2为外置式太阳能电池组件集成箱装置示意图；  2 is a schematic diagram of an external solar cell module integrated box device;
图 3为本发明聚光照明装置结构示意图；  3 is a schematic structural view of a concentrated light illumination device of the present invention;
图 4为本发明热发电装置结构示意图。  4 is a schematic structural view of a thermal power generation device of the present invention.
图中： 1.聚光器 2.超导热管 3.水箱 4.会聚反射镜 5.会聚 反射镜支架 6.会聚透镜 7.滤光镜 8.太阳能电池组件 9.支架 10.基座 11.光纤 12.光轴 13.照明灯 14.蒸汽发电机组 15·太阳 能电池组件箱 16.发散透镜 17.太阳能电池片。 N2006/003658 具体实施方式 In the figure: 1. Condenser 2. Superconducting tube 3. Water tank 4. Converging mirror 5. Converging mirror holder 6. Converging lens 7. Filter 8. Solar cell assembly 9. Bracket 10. Pedestal 11. Optical fiber 12. Optical axis 13. Illumination lamp 14. Steam generator set 15. Solar cell module box 16. Diffuse lens 17. Solar cell sheet. N2006/003658 Detailed Description
本发明一种高性能太阳能装置包括有聚光器 1和会聚反射镜 4等， 聚光器及会聚反射镜形状可以为抛物镜或其它多种几何形状。 如图 1所 示， 抛物镜面形状的聚光器 1固定安装在支架 9上， 支架 9固定在基座 10上， 聚光器 1将太阳光会聚、 反射至其上方的光线会聚反射镜 4上， 所述会聚反射镜 4设置在会聚反射镜支架 5的顶端； 聚光器 1和会聚反 射镜 4具有同一光轴 12; 聚光器 1按照一定角度将太阳光会聚反射到会 聚反射镜 4上；在会聚反射镜 4下方设置有会聚透镜 6，会聚反射镜 4将 会聚的太阳光反射到会聚透镜 6上， 会聚透镜 6与上述会聚反射镜 4也 位于光轴 12上； 由会聚透镜 6会聚后的高聚光束照在透镜下方的也位于 垂直放置在光轴 12的太阳能电池组件 8上， 通过调整聚光器 1、 会聚反 射镜 4、会聚透镜 6与太阳能电池组件 8之间的相互距离，达到最佳聚光 效果， 并使本系统结构紧凑。 聚光器 1与会聚反射镜 4之间的距离应使 会聚反射镜 4不对聚光器 1产生遮挡， 聚光器 1会聚的光斑应等于或小 于会聚反射镜 4的镜口面积； 会聚反射镜 4与会聚透镜 6之间的距离应 为会聚反射镜 4的反光光斑完全照射到会聚透镜 6上， 即光斑面积应等 于或小于会聚透镜 6垂直于光轴 12的中心截面积； 会聚透镜 6与太阳能 电池组件 8之间的距离应为经会聚透镜 6会聚的高聚光束， 均匀照射在 太阳能电池组件 8上， 即经会聚透镜 6会聚的高聚光束光斑面积应等于 太阳能电池组件 8的面积。  A high performance solar device of the present invention comprises a concentrator 1 and a concentrating mirror 4, etc. The concentrator and the concentrating mirror may be in the shape of a parabolic mirror or other geometric shapes. As shown in FIG. 1, a parabolic mirror-shaped concentrator 1 is fixedly mounted on a bracket 9, and a bracket 9 is fixed on the base 10. The concentrator 1 converges and reflects sunlight onto the light concentrating mirror 4 thereon. The concentrating mirror 4 is disposed at the top end of the concentrating mirror bracket 5; the concentrator 1 and the condensing mirror 4 have the same optical axis 12; the concentrator 1 reflects the sunlight at a certain angle to the condensing mirror 4 A converging lens 6 is disposed under the converging mirror 4, and the converging mirror 4 reflects the concentrated sunlight onto the converging lens 6. The converging lens 6 and the converging mirror 4 are also located on the optical axis 12; the converging lens 6 converges. The rear high-concentration beam is incident on the solar cell module 8 vertically below the lens and placed on the optical axis 12, by adjusting the mutual distance between the concentrator 1, the converging mirror 4, the condenser lens 6, and the solar cell module 8. , to achieve the best concentrating effect, and make the system compact. The distance between the concentrator 1 and the concentrating mirror 4 is such that the condensing mirror 4 does not block the concentrator 1, and the concentrating spot of the concentrator 1 should be equal to or smaller than the mirror area of the condensing mirror 4; the condensing mirror 4, the distance between the converging lens 6 and the converging mirror 4 should be completely irradiated onto the converging lens 6, that is, the spot area should be equal to or smaller than the central cross-sectional area of the converging lens 6 perpendicular to the optical axis 12; the converging lens 6 and The distance between the solar cell modules 8 should be a high-concentration beam concentrated by the converging lens 6, uniformly irradiated on the solar cell module 8, that is, the area of the concentrated beam spot condensed by the converging lens 6 should be equal to the area of the solar cell module 8.
按照使用要求， 太阳能电池组件 8可采用单片、 也可用未经过封装 的数片太阳能电池片层叠在一起， 由于会聚的光束很强， 因此透射的光 线很强， 电池片的厚度可以将上部电池片透射的光传至后片同时发电， 可最大限度避免光线反射散失， 使太阳光得到充分利用。 层叠在一起的 太阳能电池片可简单封装， 降低生产难度、 减少封装材料， 降低了生产 成本， 并可避免热岛效应， 提高电池寿命。 为了提高光电转换效率， 同 时降低太阳能电池组件表面的温度，可在会聚透镜 6和太阳能电池组件 8 之间设置有滤光镜 7， 滤光镜 7可滤除不能产生载流子而只产生热的光。 According to the requirements of use, the solar cell module 8 can be laminated on a single piece or a plurality of unsealed solar cells. Since the concentrated beam is strong, the transmitted light is strong, and the thickness of the cell can be the upper cell. The transmitted light from the sheet is transmitted to the back sheet to generate electricity at the same time, which can avoid the loss of light reflection and make full use of sunlight. Laminated together The solar cell can be simply packaged, reducing production difficulty, reducing packaging materials, reducing production costs, and avoiding heat island effects and improving battery life. In order to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency while reducing the temperature of the surface of the solar cell module, a filter 7 may be disposed between the condenser lens 6 and the solar cell module 8, and the filter 7 can filter out carriers which cannot generate carriers and generate only heat. Light.
如图 1所示，在会聚透镜 6、滤光镜 7和太阳能电池组件 8之间设置 有一根以上超导热管 2，所述超导热管 2的一端连接在会聚透镜 6和太阳 能电池组件 8之间， 超导热管 2的另一端与水箱 3相连， 可将高会聚太 阳光产生的热量传走， 达到散热的目的， 并可产生高温热水， 该水箱 3 可作成分体式， 适用于冬季或高寒地区取暖， 获取生活用热水。 对于大 型太阳能发电场， 可将多个这样的单体太阳能光电发电装置产生的热汇 集在一个或数个蒸汽发电装置上， 形成太阳能热蒸汽发电机， 使太阳能 得到更充分的利用， 并可大大降低太阳能发电的总成本。  As shown in FIG. 1, one or more superconducting tubes 2 are disposed between the condenser lens 6, the filter 7, and the solar cell module 8, and one end of the superconducting tube 2 is connected to the condenser lens 6 and the solar cell module 8. The other end of the superconducting heat pipe 2 is connected to the water tank 3, which can transfer the heat generated by the high concentrated sunlight to achieve the purpose of heat dissipation, and can generate high temperature hot water. The water tank 3 can be used as a component type, suitable for winter or Heating in the cold regions to get hot water for living. For a large-scale solar power plant, the heat generated by a plurality of such single-unit solar photovoltaic power generation devices can be collected on one or several steam power generation devices to form a solar thermal steam generator, so that the solar energy can be more fully utilized and can be greatly Reduce the total cost of solar power.
太阳能发电装置中， 太阳能电池组件 8可以是单片太阳能电池板， 也可以是不经过封装的、 层叠在一起的数片太阳能电池片， 且太阳能电 池片 17采用卡式插接方式连接； 其厚度可保证从上部电池片透射的光能 传至下一电池片。  In the solar power generation device, the solar cell module 8 may be a single solar panel, or may be a plurality of solar cells stacked without being packaged, and the solar cells 17 are connected by a card plug; It is ensured that light transmitted from the upper cell is transferred to the next cell.
图 2所示为外置式太阳能电池组件集成箱的实施例， 太阳能电池组 件箱 15设置在远离会聚透镜 6的位置上， 太阳能电池组件箱 15内装设 有发散透镜 16和太阳能电池片 17， 多个太阳能电池片 17通过卡式插接 方式叠装， 这时从会聚透镜 6引入的太阳光通过光纤 11引出， 经发散透 镜 16集中投射到太阳能电池片 17上， 也可以将所述光纤 11引出的太阳 光经发散透镜 16分别投射到叠层的太阳能电池片 17的各个分层。 本装 置实现了太阳能电池片 17的集成化、 模块化、 小型化， 可使太阳能电池 片避免风吹、 雨淋、 冰雹、 夏季高温环境所造成的转换效率降低， 也可 避免外界硬物的直接击打、 强震和冲击， 每块电池片不用封装， 避免热 岛效应， 提高光的使用效率和电池的寿命。 采用上述结构可将太阳能电 源作成分体式， 便于车载、 携行、 捡修、 更换。 所述会聚透镜 6和光纤 11之间设置有滤光镜 7， 同时在该外置式太阳能电池组件集成箱 15上设 置有风扇或超导热管散热， 以满足太阳能电池组件最佳转换效率所需的 温度。 2 shows an embodiment of an external solar cell module integrated box. The solar cell module box 15 is disposed at a position away from the condenser lens 6. The solar cell module box 15 is provided with a diverging lens 16 and a solar cell sheet 17, and a plurality of The solar cell sheets 17 are stacked by a card-type plugging method. At this time, the sunlight introduced from the condenser lens 6 is taken out through the optical fiber 11, and is concentratedly projected onto the solar cell sheet 17 via the diverging lens 16, and the optical fiber 11 can also be taken out. The sunlight is projected through the diverging lens 16 to the respective layers of the stacked solar cells 17. The device realizes the integration, modularization and miniaturization of the solar cell sheet 17, and can prevent the solar cell sheet from being reduced in conversion efficiency caused by wind, rain, hail and high temperature environment in summer, and can also be reduced. Avoid direct impact, strong shock and impact of external hard objects. Each battery pack is not packaged, avoiding heat island effect, improving light use efficiency and battery life. The above structure can be used to make the solar power source into a component type, which is convenient for vehicle, carrying, repairing and replacing. A filter 7 is disposed between the condenser lens 6 and the optical fiber 11 , and a fan or a super heat pipe is disposed on the external solar cell assembly box 15 to meet the optimal conversion efficiency of the solar cell module. temperature.
图 3显示本发明聚光照明装置的实施例。 将本装置会聚透镜 6会聚 的光束通过光纤 11引入需要照明的场所内的照明灯 13上， 可获得很强 的照明光线， 就单一照明使用要求而言， 可将太阳光的利用效率达到最 高。 实际使用中， 还可以用导热快的材料制成太阳能光灶， 将光纤 11的 另一端直接与太阳能光灶相连。  Figure 3 shows an embodiment of the concentrating illumination device of the present invention. The light beam concentrated by the condenser lens 6 of the device is introduced into the illumination lamp 13 in the place where illumination is required by the optical fiber 11, and a strong illumination light can be obtained, and the utilization efficiency of sunlight can be maximized in terms of single illumination use requirements. In actual use, a solar light cooker can also be made of a material with fast heat conduction, and the other end of the optical fiber 11 is directly connected to the solar light cooker.
图 4所示为本发明热发电装置的实施例。 在会聚透镜 6下面设置有 一根以上超导热管 2， 将超导热管 2通入蒸汽发电机组 14的蒸汽锅炉， 可使太阳能直接用于蒸汽发电； 这一热源也可通过超导热管 2接入室内， 使超导热管 2的另一端与太阳能热灶相连， 供若干分体太阳能热灶使用， 或直接通入水箱， 提供生活热水。  Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the thermal power generation apparatus of the present invention. One or more superconducting tubes 2 are disposed under the converging lens 6, and the superconducting tube 2 is passed into the steam boiler of the steam generator set 14, so that the solar energy can be directly used for steam power generation; the heat source can also be connected through the superconducting tube 2. Indoor, the other end of the superconducting heat pipe 2 is connected to the solar heat stove for use in a plurality of split solar hot stoves, or directly into the water tank to provide domestic hot water.
本发明所述的高性能太阳能装置设置有太阳跟踪系统， 可以保持抛 物镜面或几何形状的反光板始终朝向太阳， 达到聚光效果最佳。 本装置 可调节聚光度达数百倍以上， 因此在同等条件下， 可大幅度减少太阳能 电池组件的用量， 同时可极大提高现有太阳能电池转换效率一倍以上。 由于本装置经过多次会聚、 反射达到高聚光度， 单个聚光器的精度不需 要很高， 因此大幅度降低了制造成本。  The high-performance solar device of the present invention is provided with a solar tracking system, which can keep the parabolic mirror or geometric reflector always facing the sun, and achieve the best concentration effect. The device can adjust the concentration of light to hundreds of times or more, so under the same conditions, the amount of solar cell modules can be greatly reduced, and the conversion efficiency of existing solar cells can be greatly improved by more than double. Since the device is highly concentrated and reflected to achieve high concentration, the accuracy of a single concentrator is not required to be high, thereby greatly reducing the manufacturing cost.
另外，本装置的聚光器 1、会聚反射镜 4等装置可采用任何材料制作， 并在其上加装光反射层， 形式可以是硬式或折叠式， 只要能够满足使用 要求即可。 In addition, the concentrator 1, the condensing mirror 4 and the like of the device can be made of any material, and a light reflecting layer can be added thereon, and the form can be hard or folded, as long as it can be used. Ask for it.
本装置设置有充电装置、 蓄能装置、 逆变器、 稳压装置， 能制成各 种功率的太阳能电源， 以满足不同负载的需要。 通过大型阵列还可形成 大型发电场， 并网发电。  The device is provided with a charging device, an energy storage device, an inverter, and a voltage stabilizing device, and can be made into a solar power source of various powers to meet the needs of different loads. Large-scale power plants can also be formed through large arrays, and grid-connected power generation.

Claims

权 利 要 求 书 Claim
1. 一种高性能太阳能装置， 包括固定安装在支架上的聚光器和会聚 反射镜， 其特征是： 所述聚光器和会聚反射镜具有同一光轴， 会聚反射 镜设置在会聚反射镜支架的顶端， 聚光器按照一定角度将太阳光会聚反 射到设置在其上部的会聚反射镜上， 所述一定角度是指聚光器会聚的光 斑应等于或小于会聚反光镜的镜口面积； 在会聚反射镜下方设置有会聚 透镜， 会聚透镜与上述会聚反射镜也位于同一光轴上， 会聚反光镜与会 聚透镜之间的距离应使会聚反射镜的反光光斑完全照射到会聚透镜上， 即光斑面积应等于或小于会聚透镜垂直于光轴的中心截面积； 在会聚透 镜的下方， 并沿所述光轴方向设置有光能转换设备。 A high-performance solar device comprising a concentrator fixedly mounted on a support and a concentrating mirror, wherein: the concentrator and the condensing mirror have the same optical axis, and the condensing mirror is disposed at the condensing mirror At the top end of the bracket, the concentrator condenses the sunlight at a certain angle to the converging mirror disposed at the upper portion thereof, wherein the angle is that the concentrating spot of the concentrator should be equal to or smaller than the mirror area of the concentrating mirror; A converging lens is disposed under the converging mirror, and the converging lens and the converging mirror are also located on the same optical axis. The distance between the converging mirror and the converging lens is such that the reflecting spot of the converging mirror is completely irradiated onto the converging lens, that is, The spot area should be equal to or smaller than the central cross-sectional area of the converging lens perpendicular to the optical axis; under the converging lens, a light energy conversion device is disposed along the optical axis direction.
2. 如权利要求 1所述的一种高性能太阳能装置，其特征是： 所述光 能转换设备为太阳能电池组件、 光纤或超导热管。  2. A high performance solar device according to claim 1, wherein: said light energy conversion device is a solar cell module, an optical fiber or a superconducting heat pipe.
3. 如权利要求 2所述的一种高性能太阳能装置，其特征是： 所述太 阳能电池组件可以是单片太阳能电池板， 也可以是不经过封装的、 层叠 在一起的数片太阳能电池片， 且电池片采用卡式插接方式连接； 其厚度 可保证从上部电池片透射的光能传至下一电池片。  3. A high performance solar energy device according to claim 2, wherein: said solar cell module may be a single solar panel, or may be a plurality of solar cells stacked without being packaged. And the battery piece is connected by a card type connection; the thickness thereof ensures that light energy transmitted from the upper battery piece is transmitted to the next battery piece.
4. 如权利要求 3所述的一种高性能太阳能装置，其特征是： 在所述 会聚透镜和太阳能电池组件之间设置有滤光镜。  4. A high performance solar device according to claim 3, wherein: a filter is disposed between the converging lens and the solar cell module.
5. 如权利要求 2或 3所述的一种高性能太阳能装置,其特征是： 所 述太阳能电池组件为设置在远离会聚透镜的位置上的外置式太阳能电池 组件集成箱， 即从会聚透镜引入的太阳光通过光纤引出， 经发散透镜集 中投射到一组太阳能电池片上， 也可以将所述光纤引出的太阳光经发散 透镜分别投射到叠层的太阳能电池片的各个分层； 所述会聚透镜和光纤 之间设置有滤光镜； 在该外置式太阳能电池组件集成箱上设置有风扇或 超导热管。 5. A high performance solar device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: said solar cell module is an external solar cell module integrated box disposed at a position away from the converging lens, i.e., introduced from a converging lens The sunlight is extracted by the optical fiber, and is concentratedly projected onto a group of solar cells by a diverging lens, and the sunlight emitted by the optical fiber can also be diverged. The lens is respectively projected to each layer of the laminated solar cell sheet; a filter is disposed between the converging lens and the optical fiber; and a fan or a superconducting heat pipe is disposed on the external solar cell module integrated box.
6. 如权利要求 1或 2所述的一种高性能太阳能装置，其特征是： 在 所述会聚透镜和太阳能电池组件之间设置有一根以上超导热管， 所述超 导热管的一端连接在会聚透镜和太阳能电池组件之间； 超导热管的另一 端与水箱或蒸汽锅炉相连。 6. A high performance solar energy device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: one or more superconducting heat pipes are disposed between the converging lens and the solar cell module, and one end of the superconducting heat pipe is connected Between the condenser lens and the solar cell module; the other end of the superconducting heat pipe is connected to a water tank or a steam boiler.
7. 如权利要求 1或 2所述的一种高性能太阳能装置，其特征是： 在 所述会聚透镜下面设置有一根以上超导热管， 超导热管的另一端与太阳 能热灶、 水箱或蒸汽锅炉相连。  7. A high performance solar device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: one or more superconducting tubes are disposed under the converging lens, and the other end of the superconducting tube is connected to a solar heat stove, a water tank or a steam. The boiler is connected.
8. 如权利要求 1或 2所述的一种高性能太阳能装置，其特征是： 在 所述会聚透镜下设置有光纤， 所述光纤的一端连接在会聚透镜下， 另一 端引入室内照明或与太阳能光灶相连。  8. A high performance solar device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: an optical fiber is disposed under the converging lens, one end of the optical fiber is connected under the converging lens, and the other end is introduced into the indoor illumination or Solar light stoves are connected.
9. 如权利要求 1所述的一种高性能太阳能装置，其特征是： 所述聚 光器及会聚反射镜形状可以为抛物镜或其它多种几何形状。  9. A high performance solar device according to claim 1 wherein: said concentrator and converging mirror are in the shape of a parabolic mirror or a plurality of other geometric shapes.
10. 如权利要求 1所述的一种高性能太阳能装置,其特征是： 所述支 架上设置有太阳跟踪系统、 充电装置、 蓄能装置、 逆变器和稳压装置。  10. A high performance solar device according to claim 1, wherein: said support is provided with a sun tracking system, a charging device, an energy storage device, an inverter and a voltage stabilizing device.
PCT/CN2006/003658 2006-01-06 2006-12-29 High efficient apparatus using solar energy WO2007079657A1 (en)

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