INSTRUMENT CLUSTER
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATIONS
[0001] The present application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/346,704 ("INSTRUMENT CLUSTER") filed January 4, 2002 under 35 U.S.C. § 1 1 9, incorporated in the present application by reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Automotive vehicles include instrumentation to provide information about the operations of the vehicle to the vehicle driver. Typically, several instrumentation displays are disposed in close proximity to provide an instrument cluster. The instrument cluster should minimize driver distraction and workload, giving the driver what is needed when the driver needs it and what is wanted when the driver wants it. The instrument cluster should also separate mission critical information from entertainment, and prioritize information for the driver based on its importance. [0003] Accordingly, there is a need for an instrument cluster having improved functionality. The teachings hereinbelow extend to those embodiments which fall within the scope of the appended claims, regardless of whether they accomplish one or more of the above-mentioned needs.
SUMMARY OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS
[0004] According to one exemplary embodiment, a display for use in a vehicle instrument cluster for presenting vehicle data to a vehicle occupant includes a reconfigurable display screen, and a dividing member disposed across a portion of the reconfigurable display screen. The dividing member separates the reconfigurable display screen into a first display portion and a second display portion. The reconfigurable display is configured to provide first
vehicle data on the first display portion, and second vehicle data on the second display portion.
[0005] According to another exemplary embodiment, a method of presenting at least two sets of information to a vehicle occupant using a single reconfigurable display having a divider member provided thereon includes providing a first set of information in a first location on the reconfigurable display, and providing a second set of information in a second location on the reconfigurable display. The first location and the second location appear to the vehicle occupant to be separated by the divider member. [0006] According to another exemplary embodiment, a display for use in a vehicle instrument cluster to present vehicle data to a vehicle occupant includes means for displaying vehicle data to the vehicle occupant, and means for separating the means for displaying vehicle data into a first display portion and a second display portion. The means for displaying vehicle data is configured to provide first vehicle data on the first display portion, and second vehicle data on the second display portion.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0007] The invention will become more fully understood from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts, and in which:
[0008] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an instrument cluster, according to an exemplary embodiment;
[0009] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the instrument cluster of FIG. 1 in communication with various vehicle systems according to an exemplary embodiment;
[0010] FIG. 3 is a front view of the instrument cluster of FIG. 1 , according to an exemplary embodiment;
[001 1] FIG. 4 is a reconfigurable display in the instrument cluster of FIG. 1 illustrating several exemplary alternative images;
[0012] FIGS. 5-8 are front views of the instrument cluster of FIG. 1 during operation, according to an exemplary embodiment; and
[0013] FIG. 9 is a schematic front view of instrument clusters according to various alternative embodiments.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS
[0014] Referring first to FIG. 1 , an instrument cluster 1 0 is illustrated according to an exemplary embodiment. Instrument cluster 1 0 is configured for use in an automobile or other vehicle, such as a bus, train, aircraft, etc.
Instrument cluster 10 includes features which make it suitable for a mid-range cost option for vehicles, as will be described hereinafter, but may be modified for lower- or higher-cost applications. Instrument cluster 10 includes a housing
1 2 fabricated from plastic or other polymeric material, metal, wood, etc. and includes mounting brackets 1 4 for mounting cluster 1 0 to an instrument panel of an automobile, preferably in the area in front of the driver. Alternatively, one or more components of cluster 10 may be mounted in other areas on the instrument panel, such as in the area between the driver and front seat passenger, or in front of the front seat passenger. Housing 1 2 includes a clear plastic front surface 1 6 and a smooth, curving perimeter 1 8 configured for optimal user appeal. Alternatively, one or more components of cluster 10 can be fabricated in a module configured for insertion in and coupling to a housing integral with an instrument panel.
[0015] Referring now to FIG. 2, a block diagram of instrument cluster 1 0 is illustrated in communication with various vehicle systems. Instrument cluster
1 0 includes a control circuit 20, which may include a microprocessor, microcontroller, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or other digital and/or analog control circuitry configured to perform the functions described herein. Control circuit 20 is configured to receive vehicle data from a plurality of vehicle systems 22 and to provide the data to the instrument cluster actuators 24, display 26, and speaker 28 via an interface circuit 30. Interface circuit 30 may be any type of mechanical or electrical connection coupled
between control circuit 20 and actuators 24, display 26, and speaker 28 and may include suitable interface circuitry, such as a display driver circuit, audio amplifier circuit, etc. Actuators 24 include stepper motor, rotatable motors configured to provide an analog, pointer-type display on cluster 10. In this exemplary embodiment, actuators 24 control the analog display elements for a speed indicator, a rotations-per-minute (RPM) indicator, and a fuel indicator, as will be described hereinbelow. Display 26 includes a reconfigurable display, back-lighting elements including single-color and multi-color LEDs, and other suitable display elements for an instrument cluster. Speaker 28 provides audible tones having one or more frequencies to the user of the vehicle, as will be described hereinbelow.
[0016] Vehicle systems 22 include, in this exemplary embodiment, a tire monitoring system 32 configured to provide information regarding the pressure, temperature, or other characteristics of tires on the vehicle, including the tire location (e.g., left front, right rear, etc.), to control circuit 20 via a vehicle bus
34. An engine control module 36 is coupled to various sensors, including a fuel level sensor 38, an engine oil temperature sensor 40, a vehicle speed sensor 42, an engine speed sensor 44, and other sensors 46 for other systems. Engine control module 36 provides information from these and other sensors and systems on vehicle bus 34. Systems 22 further include navigation system 48, such as a global positioning system (GPS) receiver, which may also include a geographic information system (GIS) database, a vehicle compass, a gyroscope, vehicle speed sensors, or other navigation sensors and systems.
Navigation system 48 provides vehicle location, waypoint, destination, and other data via vehicle bus 34 to control circuit 20. Near obstacle detection system 50 may be a parking assistant system including infrared, radio frequency, sound, or other sensors in the vicinity of the vehicle for identifying the distance between the vehicle and nearby objects, such as walls in a parking garage. System 50 provides near obstacle detection data via vehicle bus 34 to control circuit 20. Other systems 52 may also be provided such as, outside air temperature, conditions, etc. It is also understood that buses of
various types may be implemented between vehicle systems 22 and control circuit 20, including fixed buses, single-wire buses, controller area network
(CAN) buses, differential buses, etc. Further, the functions hereinafter will illustrate other modifications of the system disclosed in FIG. 2 required to achieve the intended functions of instrument cluster 10.
[0017] Referring now to FIG. 3, a front view of instrument cluster 10 is illustrated. Advantageously, instrument cluster 1 0 organizes a display of information in a hierarchical manner to optimize the vehicle driver's attention.
In one example of this hierarchical order, a vehicle speed indicator 54 is disposed in a central one-third of cluster 10, an engine speed indicator 56 is disposed in a left one-third of cluster 1 0, and a fuel level indicator 58 is disposed in a right one-third of cluster 10. In a further example, a reconfigurable display (shown as reconfigurable display screen 60) is disposed in the central one-third of cluster 10, in a lower half of the central one-third.
The reconfigurable display screen 60 is disclosed centrally due to the importance of information which is displayed thereon, as will be described hereinafter, but is disposed in the lower half of the central one-third since the vehicle speed indicator 54 is typically used more frequently during driving. In alternative embodiment, wherein vehicle speed indicator 54 is provided as part of the reconfigurable display, display screen 60 can occupy a majority of the central one-third of the display. In this example, with the vehicle stopped, the vehicle speed indicator 54 can disappear and a majority of display screen 60 can be used to provide other vehicle information.
[0018] Vehicle speed indicator 54 is the primary instrument in this exemplary embodiment. Engine speed indicator 56, or tachometer, and fuel level indicator
58 are secondary instruments in this exemplary embodiment. Display screen
60 provides tertiary information. A plurality of critical telltale indicators 62 are disposed along the periphery of the right-most edge of cluster 10. Critical telltale indicators 62 comprise a cruise control indicator, a vehicle battery indicator, a seatbelt condition indicator, an engine oil level indicator, a vehicle security system indicator, an emergency brake indicator, a traction control
on/off indicator, and a check engine indicator, or other critical indicators. A plurality of cautionary telltale indicators 64 are disposed along the left-most perimeter of cluster 10 and include a high-beam indicator, a low-beam indicator, a fog light indicator, a rear fog light indicator, a rear window defrost indicator, a service engine soon indicator, an antilock brake system (ABS) indicator, and an airbag indicator, or other cautionary indicators. Thus, indicators relating to critical vehicle information are disposed together along a right periphery of cluster 10 and indicators providing cautionary vehicle information are disposed together along a left perimeter of cluster 1 0. Critical telltale indicators 62 include a red lighting color to indicate the criticality of the telltales, and cautionary telltale indicators 64 include a yellow, gold, or amber lighting color to indicate a cautionary condition. The high-beam indicator is blue, per conventional use.
[0019] Each of vehicle speed indicator 54, engine speed indicator 56, and fuel level indicator 58 includes a step- or motor-driven pointer which emits light per light supplied from a multi-colored LED disposed behind the surface of cluster 10. Each of indicators 54, 56 and 58 further includes back-lit numerals or letters and level indicator marks or tick marks 66. Level indicator marks 66 and letters or numerals 68 may be back-lit with a single color, such as white, red, or gold, or may alternatively be back lit with multiple colors, for example, wherein tick mark 70 is back lit with a gold color to indicate a cautionary level of fuel and tick mark 72 is back lit with a red color to indicate a critical fuel level. Tick marks and numerals that represent engine speed at or above 6,500
RPMs, such as tick mark 74, are also colored in red in this exemplary embodiment. As a further feature, various sets of tick marks and/or numerals may be one or more colors at different times during operation based on user configuration and the state of the measured sensor, as will be described in exemplary form hereinafter. Alternatively, one or more of indicators 54, 56 and 58 may be reconfigurable displays. According to one alternative, all or most of the display elements of cluster 1 0 are displayed on a single reconfigurable display. In this alternative embodiment, the display can be
configured to display images from cameras coupled to the vehicle and configured to scan areas in or around the vehicle.
[0020] The reconfigurable display may be any type of color or gray-scale display having a display screen 60. According to one exemplary embodiment, a Sharp TFT-LCD #LQ049B5DG01 color dot matrix (active matrix) display having a size of 1 20 mm x 36 mm may be used. In this exemplary embodiment, a dividing member 78 (e.g., partition, trim piece, bezel, divider, etc.) is disposed in a circular configuration around vehicle speed indicator 54.
Dividing member 78 is disposed across a portion of the display screen 60.
Although the display (and display screen 60) is a square display, when dividing member 78 is disposed over the display, the combination of dividing member
78 and display screen 60 provides the illusion of multiple reconfigurable displays, such as, PRNDL display 80, odometer display 82, and reconfigurable display 84. Thus, dividing member 78 divides, partitions or separates display screen 60 into a plurality of portions which may have curved edges and curved shapes. Providing curved edges and curved shapes in a liquid crystal display is typically very costly. Therefore, the combination of dividing member 78 with display screen 60 provides the appearance of the curved display without the attendant costs thereof, because a square-shaped reconfigurable display can be utilized. Dividing member 78 further distributes the display screen 60 in a hierarchical manner to provide critical information (e.g., tire pressure) centrally
(i.e., inside dividing member 78) and less critical information (e.g., PRNDL or odometer information peripherally (i.e., outside dividing member 78). This feature provides the illusion of multiple displays having rounded edges from a single display having a rectangular shape. The advantages are not only aesthetic, but also include the advantages of organizing critical information centrally and less critical information peripherally to further assist the driver.
According to one exemplary embodiment, the instrument cluster is configured to display both mission critical and non-mission critical information and further configured to automatically display cautionary or critical conditions of the vehicle using color to indicate the level of warning.
[0021] According to various alternative embodiments shown in FIG. 9, one or more displays may be provided (designated in FIG. 9 as D1 , D2, etc.). The one or more displays may be provided adjacent to each other (see display screen 60a, having displays D 1 and D2 provided adjacent to each other), or in a variety of other spatial configurations (see display screen 60b, having displays D1 and D2 separated from each other). A variety of dividing members having a variety of different shapes may be provided on the display (see, e.g., dividing members 78a and 78b) . For example, the dividing member may include a circular portion (see display 60a), a rectangular portion (see also display 60a), an oval portion (see display 60c). The one or more dividing members are configured to divide the one or more display screens into one or more information zones, display portions, or display areas (designated in FIG. 9 as E1 , E2, E3, etc.).
[0022] Reconfigurable display screen 60 may be configured to provide one or more types of information based on certain events in the vehicle. For example, the status of fluids, such as battery, oil, engine temperature, and tire pressure, may be provided. Optionally, the direction of the vehicle as determined by a vehicle compass, a turn-by-turn navigation system, a parking aid, or other accessories may also be provided. Further still, text messages, such as warnings (e.g., "low fuel level"), or other "what to do" instructions may be provided to the user.
[0023] Referring now to FIG. 4, an exemplary reconfigurable display screen 60 is illustrated showing turn-by-turn navigation instructions based on information received from navigation system 48. In this example, reconfigurable display screen 60 instructs the driver to turn on New York Avenue which is 2.5 miles ahead. A direction icon 86 instructs the user to turn right. During turn-by-turn navigation, the information displayed in reconfigurable display screen 60 can be color-coded to indicate how near the destination is. For example, if the destination is several miles distant, the information is provided in the color green. If the destination is less then one
mile distant, the information is provided in amber. If the destination has been passed, the information is provided in red.
[0024] Further, display screen 60 illustrates an option wherein the user may toggle between an odometer reading on odometer display 82 and a trip odometer reading in response to actuation of an operator input device, such as a switch, button, or voice command. Diagram 90 illustrates the display of tire pressure status indicating a nominal or "O.K." tire pressure condition for the left front tire. The text "Left Front 34 PSI" and the symbol "O.K." are provided in the color green, as is a tire indicator 92. Tire pressure information, or other tire information, is displayed automatically during the vehicle's start-up, and may also be provided while the vehicle is operating, in response to actuation of an operator input device. Further still, if a critical or cautionary tire condition occurs, reconfigurable display screen 60 will override the information currently being displayed on display screen 60 and replace that information with tire pressure information. For example, in diagram 94, a visual cue for a critical tire pressure event is displayed to the user, wherein the words "Right Front 1 8
PSI", the "\ symbol", and the right-front tire are all illustrated in red. In addition to the displayed visual cue, speaker 28 provides a single long tone to indicate to the user the critical condition. The tire pressure thresholds which determine whether a tire pressure is nominal, critical, or low/cautionary are preferably pre-programmed into instrument cluster 10, but may alternatively be programmed by the user or the sales representative of the vehicle. Diagram 96 illustrates a cautionary/low tire pressure event, wherein the cautionary information is displayed in yellow or amber, and diagram 98 illustrates a nominal tire pressure condition for the right rear tire.
[0025] Diagram 1 00 illustrates engine coolant temperature by displaying in digital form an analog-type display having a needle disposed against an array of temperatures ranging from "C" for cold to "H" for hot. The engine coolant temperature displayed further includes an engine temperature icon 1 02 which may change color based on the condition of the engine coolant. In diagram
100, engine coolant is nominal, and engine temperature icon 102 is white in
color. In diagram 104, a high-temperature/cautionary event is illustrated by an amber engine temperature icon 1 02 and further by an amber needle 1 06. In diagram 1 08, a critical temperature event is illustrated by the visual cue of a red engine temperature icon 102 and by the red zone 1 1 0 pulsating or flashing. Further, an audio cue of a single long tone is provided to indicate the critical temperature event.
[0026] Diagram 1 1 2 illustrates a high engine temperature cautionary warning by displaying the words "High Engine Temperature" and an engine temperature icon 1 1 4 in amber. Diagram 1 1 5 displays a critical service engine condition by displaying the words "Service Engine" and engine temperature icon 1 1 4 in the color red.
[0027] Other vehicle events may be illustrated using this scheme wherein one color, such as green, represents a nominal condition, a second color, such as amber or yellow, represents a second, cautionary condition, and a third color, such as red, represents a critical condition.
[0028] Referring now to FIGS. 3 and 5-8, exemplary features and functions of instrument cluster 10 will now be described. When the vehicle is turned off (i.e., the ignition is off), instrument cluster 10 enters a security mode wherein the numerals 68, tick marks 66, pointers 1 20, 1 21 , and 1 22, and reconfigurable display 84 are all turned off. Thus, the only visual display is that provided by the shiny surface of dividing member 78 and the dull, dark surfaces of trim pieces 1 1 6 and 1 1 8 surrounding fuel level indicator 58 and engine speed indicator 56, respectively.
[0029] When the ignition is turned on, all lights and motors on the cluster are actuated for a short period of time to indicate to the user that the cluster 1 0 is functioning properly. Cluster 1 0 then enters a vehicle walk-around stage wherein the vehicle first displays a compass heading 97 (FIG. 5), then cycles through each of the tire pressures, as shown in diagrams 92-98 (FIG. 4), then displays battery condition, engine temperature, oil pressure, and then a textual message indicating "system check complete".
[0030] When the vehicle is moved from park to reverse, the letter displayed in PRNDL display 80 switches from "P" to "R" as the user puts the vehicle into reverse and "D" when the user puts the vehicle into drive. [0031 ] Referring now to FIG. 6, cluster 1 0 displays data from near obstacle detection system 50 including an icon of a car 1 30 and an icon 132 indicating a nearby obstacle in the vicinity of the car. A textual message 1 34 indicating "Rear Impact in 9 feet" is displayed. Textual message 1 34, car icon 1 30, and obstacle icon 1 32 are displayed in green, illustrating a safe condition until the vehicle comes within six feet of the barrier, after which the indicators turn yellow, until the vehicle is within three feet of the barrier, at which point the indicators turn red and an audible tone is provided to the user. Similar displays are provided for obstacles in front of the vehicle.
[0032] According to one feature of this exemplary embodiment, a high-speed awareness system is provided. In this feature, as the vehicle speed exceeds a first threshold (e.g., 70 mph), a cautionary speed warning is provided by changing the color of the speedometer needle 1 20 to amber and also providing an amber color at the tick marks and numerals in the range of 70 to 90 mph. As the vehicle speed continues to increase, if the vehicle speed passes a second threshold (e.g., 90 mph), the needle 1 20 turns red and the tick marks and numerals from 90 to 1 20 mph also turn red, indicating a critical speed condition. The multi-colored speedometer needle 1 20 is enabled by a multicolor LED within cluster 10. According to one alternative embodiment, the driver may select first, second, and additional threshold speeds to correspond to cautionary "yellow" and critical "red" levels either when the vehicle is purchased or by using an operator input device mounted to the instrument panel of the vehicle. Thus, instrument cluster 1 0 provides a fixed display using an analog display element 1 20 (e.g., a pointer) which changes colors to indicate normal (white), cautionary (yellow), or critical (red) conditions. Advantageously, the warning levels are user-configurable and transparent (i.e., the driver does not see the preset threshold until a warning condition exists) .
According to a further feature, a textual message may also be displayed in
reconfigurable display screen 60, such as "Caution: High Vehicle Speed" when certain preset thresholds are exceeded.
[0033] According to yet a further feature, instrument cluster 1 0 may receive information from a GPS system and a GIS system, wherein the cautionary and critical threshold speeds change in real time as the vehicle travels from one speed zone to another. In this feature, the thresholds or levels for cautionary and critical speeds are continuously changing as the vehicle travels from one speed zone (e.g., 35 mph) to another speed zone (e.g., 55 mph). The driver may further set the thresholds or levels at speeds relative to the continuously changing threshold (e.g., threshold plus 5 mph) .
[0034] According to one exemplary embodiment, an operator input device is provided, which may be a dial, rocker switch, or other push button coupled to a vehicle element which allows the user to cycle through the various options to be provided on reconfigurable display 84. During normal driving operation, reconfigurable display screen 60 provides no display of information, to avoid unnecessary distraction of the driver unless a cautious or critical vehicle condition arises, at which time cluster 1 0 provides a corresponding message on display screen 60. Alternatively, engine temperature, oil temperature, battery, etc., may be displayed during normal operations instead of a blank screen. If the user wishes to find out more information about the vehicle, the user actuates the operator input device which is coupled to control circuit 20 to cycle through displays for compass, oil pressure, engine temperature, battery, tire pressure, etc.
[0035] Referring now to FIG. 7, according to another exemplary feature, cluster 1 0 may cease lighting all indicators except for vehicle speed indicator
54. This display will eliminate unnecessary sources of light during certain vehicle operations, such as when operating at night.
[0036] As illustrated in FIG. 8, according to another feature of this exemplary embodiment, during a cautionary or critical fuel level event, fuel level needle 1 22 turns yellow (cautionary) or red (critical), fuel icon 1 24 also turns yellow or red based on the condition, and a textual message in yellow or
red indicating the number of miles to "empty" is displayed in reconfigurable display screen 60. The display will override information of a lower criticality (e.g., critical information overrides cautionary information and cautionary information overrides nominal information) . If multiple critical or cautionary information is to be provided, reconfigurable display is configured to cycle through the displays of each information before proceeding to the next level of criticality.
[0037] The features described herein and the details thereof are provided in exemplary form. For example, various display elements may be used to provide one or more of the indicators or reconfigurable displays, including a liquid crystal display, light-emitting diodes, back-lighting, florescent or incandescent bulbs, colored gels, multi-colored light emitting diodes, etc. User inputs to the cluster 10 can be provided by push button switch, rocker switch, dial, or other input devices. Further, the information which is displayed in reconfigurable display can include other information from other vehicle systems in addition to those described herein.
[0038] While the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the FIGS, and described above are presently preferred, it should be understood that these embodiments are offered by way of example only. Accordingly, the present invention is not limited to a particular embodiment, but extends to various modifications that nevertheless fall within the scope of the appended claims.