WO1999025032A1 - Current limiting device - Google Patents
Current limiting device Download PDFInfo
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- WO1999025032A1 WO1999025032A1 PCT/DE1998/003381 DE9803381W WO9925032A1 WO 1999025032 A1 WO1999025032 A1 WO 1999025032A1 DE 9803381 W DE9803381 W DE 9803381W WO 9925032 A1 WO9925032 A1 WO 9925032A1
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- layer
- conductor element
- plate conductor
- current limiter
- limiter device
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
- H02H9/023—Current limitation using superconducting elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N60/00—Superconducting devices
- H10N60/30—Devices switchable between superconducting and normal states
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
Definitions
- the invention relates to a current limiter device for switching networks, in particular low and medium voltage technology, for energy supply and distribution.
- air and gas-insulated circuit breakers have been used in the low and medium voltage networks for energy supply and distribution.
- the switching on and off of these circuit breakers depends on the prevailing currents in the different operating states. For safety reasons, the energy supply and distribution is interrupted when certain current values are exceeded in the nominal current operating state and in the short-circuit operating state.
- the circuit breakers which are usually equipped with mechanical drives, are controlled by tripping devices that monitor the current conditions in the supply networks and initiate the interruption when the specified limit values are exceeded.
- the triggering devices are increasingly implemented by electronic components which terminate the operating states identified as defective in a relatively short time, so that damage to the supply networks and the distribution systems connected to them are largely restricted.
- the measure of the switch-off time from the supply network is therefore a directly proportional reference variable for the design of the current-carrying capacity of each individual system component in the supply circuit.
- Siemens EV report 3/97 it is proposed to limit the short-circuit current stress on the system components in the Failure to use so-called high-temperature superconducting current limiters. These limit the short-circuit current, for example, by way of a transition from the superconducting to the normal-conducting state, well before the first peak value of the short-circuit current is reached. Special measures.
- These current limiters are cooled, for example, by liquid nitrogen.
- the stationary heat transfer curve of liquid nitrogen is basically based on measurements by H. Merte and J. A. Clark, Adv. Cryogen. Engng., Vol. 7, 546-550, from 1962.
- the apparently paradoxical fact that cooling a strongly heated body in a liquid can be significantly reduced by coating it with a heat-insulating layer is supported by the reports by Y. Kikuchi, T. Hori and I. Michiyoshi, Proceedings ICE9, Ko - be, Japan, 1982 and
- the object on which the invention is based is to improve, in particular, the properties known per se in connection with superconducting current limiter devices for energy distribution and supply with switching networks of low and medium voltage technology, making them usable and optimizing the functionality of these switching networks. and at the same time significantly improve their security. According to the invention, this is formed by the features II, the current limiter device i ⁇ by " a surface-coated plate conductor element,
- the plate conductor element consists essentially of a substrate material suitable for depositing a high-temperature superconducting layer with a high-temperature superconducting layer applied on one or both sides,
- the free outer area of the substrate material and the free outer area of the shunt layer of the plate conductor element are provided with an outer heat-insulating surface layer.
- the requirements of the switching networks in particular in the low and medium voltage range, must also be met.
- the main issue here is that, for example, after a current interruption caused by a short-term impermissible overcurrent, the energy supply can become fully effective again immediately after the unacceptable overcurrent has died down.
- the poorly heat-conducting surface layer with a suitable constellation of layer thickness, thermal conductivity and plate conductor surface, a very rapid heat transfer becomes effective, which results in a very short recooling time for the current limiting device.
- the heat-insulating surface layer is also applied on both sides.
- the surface layer is realized by applying a varnish, or alternatively that 3. 1 the surface layer is realized by an epoxy resin adhesive application, for example by a stycast coating.
- Both the coating application and the Epoxydharzkleber Kir represent a surface coating to perform the j each case at relatively low cost in a simple manner sin d.
- any coating material whose thermal conductivity is much smaller than can be used as the coating material
- the method of controlling the current limiter device is t according to the previous advantageous embodiments of the invention by the features , 1
- the plate conductor element is arranged in a container and is always completely converted from liquid nitrogen.
- the plate conductor element is cooled to a temperature in the range of 77 degrees Keltin, and. 3 the plate conductor element causes beirr. Transition from the superconducting to the normal conducting state an interruption of the current flow in a time in the range of 50 milliseconds.
- the plate conductor element of the resistive current limiter device is therefore replaced by liquid nitrogen with an absolute temperature in the range of
- the poorly heat-conducting surface layer of the plate conductor element produces a temperature gradient which, with a suitable constellation of its layer thickness and its thermal conductivity, is increased such that the temperature prevailing on the plate conductor surface lies in the so-called bubble boiling range of the liquid nitrogen. This corresponds to a reduction in the cooling time over 50 percent, so that a recovery time of less than 0.5
- the current limiter device is implemented by the plate conductor element PE, which, as can be seen in the cross-sectional illustration, is produced in a layered construction.
- the high-temperature superconductor layer HS, to which the shunt layer SS adjoins, is applied on one or both sides to the substrate material SK serving as the carrier, which is provided beforehand with a biaxially textured buffer layer, not shown and not designated.
- This shunt layer SS is formed by a silver metal layer, a gold layer would also be conceivable here, which acts as a thermal and electrical shunt for the high-temperature superconducting layer HS and at the same time protects the high-temperature superconducting layer HS against chemical influences on the environment.
- the plate conductor element PE is covered with the uniform surface layer OS.
- the plate conductor element PE is arranged entirely in a bath of liquid nitrogen NF, with which the heating of the current limiter device is relatively short in the event of impermissibly high overcurrents and short-circuit currents Time to achieve rapid availability is depleted.
- the current limiter device is housed in a closed container, not shown.
Abstract
The invention relates to a current limiting device for combinational circuits, especially low and medium voltage, for electricity supply systems and power distribution. The current limiting device is formed by a plate conductor element (PE) with a core made out of a substrate material (SK) on which a high temperature supraconductive layer can be deposited and which is terminated on one or both sides by a shunt layer (SS) and surrounded on the outside by a heat insulating surface layer (OS). The current limiting device is fully surrounded by liquid nitrogen (NF) acting as a coolant. Resistive current limitation devices of this kind are used in combinational circuits, especially low or medium voltage, for electricity supply systems and power distribution.
Description
Beschreibungdescription
StrombegrenzereinrichtungCurrent limiter device
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Strombegrenzereinrichtung für Schaltnetze, insbesondere der Nieder- und Mittelspannungstechnik, zur Energieversorgung und -Verteilung. In den Nieder- und Mittelspannungsnetzen sind bisher zur Energieversorgung und -Verteilung luft- und gasisolierte Lei- stungsschalter eingesetzt. Das Ein- und Ausschalten dieser Leistungsschalter ist Abhängig von den jeweils herrschenden Strömen bei den unterschiedlichen Betriebszuständen. Aus Sicherheitsgründen wird die Energieversorgung und -Verteilung beim Überschreiten bestimmter Stromwerte im Nennstrombe- triebszustand und im Kurzschlußbetriebszustand unterbrochen. Die Leistungsschalter, die in der Regel mittels mechanischer Antriebe ausgestattet sind, werden von Auslöseeinrichtungen gesteuert, die die vorhandenen Stromverhältnisse in den Versorgungsnetzen überwachen und beim Überschreiten von vorgege- benen Grenzwerten die Unterbrechung einleiten.The invention relates to a current limiter device for switching networks, in particular low and medium voltage technology, for energy supply and distribution. So far, air and gas-insulated circuit breakers have been used in the low and medium voltage networks for energy supply and distribution. The switching on and off of these circuit breakers depends on the prevailing currents in the different operating states. For safety reasons, the energy supply and distribution is interrupted when certain current values are exceeded in the nominal current operating state and in the short-circuit operating state. The circuit breakers, which are usually equipped with mechanical drives, are controlled by tripping devices that monitor the current conditions in the supply networks and initiate the interruption when the specified limit values are exceeded.
Die Auslöseeinrichtungen sind zunehmend durch elektronische Bauelemente realisiert, die die als fehlerhaft erkannten Be- triebszustände in relativ kurzer Zeit beenden, so daß Beschädigungen der Versorgungsnetze und der daran angeschalteten Verteilanlagen weitestgehend eingeschränkt sind.The triggering devices are increasingly implemented by electronic components which terminate the operating states identified as defective in a relatively short time, so that damage to the supply networks and the distribution systems connected to them are largely restricted.
Das Maß der Abschaltzeit vom Versorgungsnetz ist also eine direkt proportionale Bezugsgröße zur Auslegung der strommäßigen Belastbarkeit jeder einzelnen im Versorgungskreislauf befindlichen Anlagenkomponente. Im Siemens EV-Report 3/97 ist vorgeschlagen, zur Begrenzung der Kurzschlußstrombeanspruchung der Anlagenkomponenten im
Fehlerfall sogenannte hochtemperatursupraleitende Strombegrenzer einzusetzen. Diese begrenzen beispielsweise den Kurzschlußstrom durch einen Übergang vom supraleitenden in den normalleitenden Zustand noch weit vor Erreichen des ersten Scheitelwertes des Kurzschlußstromes. Besondere Maßnahmer. zur Erkennung des Kurzschlußstromfehlers sind hier nicht vorzusehen, da der Kurzschlußstrom durch die Erwärmung des supraleitenden Materials selbst zu einem Überschreiten der kritischen Temperatur und damit durch Erhöhung des wirksamen Widerstands zum Übergang in den normalleitenden Zustand führt. Man spricht in diesem Zusammenhang von resistiven Strombegrenzern, die in relativ kurzen Zeiten vom supraleitenden in den normalleitenden Zustand umschalten.The measure of the switch-off time from the supply network is therefore a directly proportional reference variable for the design of the current-carrying capacity of each individual system component in the supply circuit. In the Siemens EV report 3/97 it is proposed to limit the short-circuit current stress on the system components in the Failure to use so-called high-temperature superconducting current limiters. These limit the short-circuit current, for example, by way of a transition from the superconducting to the normal-conducting state, well before the first peak value of the short-circuit current is reached. Special measures. To detect the short-circuit current error are not to be provided here, since the short-circuit current due to the heating of the superconducting material itself leads to the critical temperature being exceeded and thus to the transition to the normal conducting state by increasing the effective resistance. In this context one speaks of resistive current limiters, which switch from the superconducting to the normal conducting state in relatively short times.
Die Kühlung dieser Strombegrenzer erfolgt beispielsweise durch flüssigen Stickstoff.These current limiters are cooled, for example, by liquid nitrogen.
Die stationäre Wärmeübergangskurve von flüssigem Stickstoff ist grundsätzlich durch Messungen von H. Merte und J. A. Clark, Adv. Cryogen. Engng., Vol. 7, 546-550, von 1962, bekannt . Darüber hinaus ist die scheinbar paradoxe Tatsache, das durch eine Oberflächenbeschichtung mit einer wärmeisolierenden Schicht das Abkühlen eines stark erwärmten Körpers in einer Flüssigkeit deutlich reduziert werden kann, durch die Berichte von Y. Kikuchi, T. Hori und I. Michiyoshi, Proceedings ICE9, Ko- be, Japan, 1982 undThe stationary heat transfer curve of liquid nitrogen is basically based on measurements by H. Merte and J. A. Clark, Adv. Cryogen. Engng., Vol. 7, 546-550, from 1962. In addition, the apparently paradoxical fact that cooling a strongly heated body in a liquid can be significantly reduced by coating it with a heat-insulating layer is supported by the reports by Y. Kikuchi, T. Hori and I. Michiyoshi, Proceedings ICE9, Ko - be, Japan, 1982 and
G. Guido et. al . AM. J. Phyε . 60(7), 593-597, 1992 bekannt. Die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe besteht darin, die an sich bekannten Eigenschaften im Zusammenhang mit supraleitenden Strombergrenzereinrichtungen für die Energieverteilung und -Versorgung mit Schaltnetzen, insbesondere
der Nieder- und Mittelspannungstechnik, nutzbar zumachen und die Funktionalität dieser Schaltnetze zu optimierer. und gleichzeitig deren Sicherheit wesentlich zu verbessern. Erfindungsgemäß wird dies durch die Merkmale l.l die Strombegrenzereinrichtung iε durch" ein Oberflächen- beschichtetes Plattenleiterelement gebildet,G. Guido et. al. AT THE. J. Phyε. 60 (7), 593-597, 1992. The object on which the invention is based is to improve, in particular, the properties known per se in connection with superconducting current limiter devices for energy distribution and supply with switching networks of low and medium voltage technology, making them usable and optimizing the functionality of these switching networks. and at the same time significantly improve their security. According to the invention, this is formed by the features II, the current limiter device iε by " a surface-coated plate conductor element,
1.2 das Plattenleiterelement besteht im Kern aus einem zum Abscheiden einer hochtemperatursupraleitenden Schicht geeigneten Substratmaterial mit einer einseitig oder beidεeitig aufgetragenen Hochtemperatursupraleitschicht,1.2 the plate conductor element consists essentially of a substrate material suitable for depositing a high-temperature superconducting layer with a high-temperature superconducting layer applied on one or both sides,
1.3 die Hochtemperatursupraleitschicht ist durch eine sich anschließende Shuntschicht begrenzt,1.3 the high-temperature superconductor layer is delimited by a subsequent shunt layer,
1.4 der freie Außenbereich des Substratmaterials und der freie Außenbereich der Shuntschicht des Plattenleitere- lements sind mit einer äußeren wärmeisolierenden Oberflächenschicht versehen, erreicht.1.4 the free outer area of the substrate material and the free outer area of the shunt layer of the plate conductor element are provided with an outer heat-insulating surface layer.
Mit der Ausgestaltung der Strombegrenzereinrichtung als Plattenleiterelement in Schichtbauweise sind auch die Anforderun- gen der Schaltnetze, insbesondere im Nieder- und Mittelspannungsbereich, zu erfüllen. Hier geht es im wesentlichen darum, daß beispielsweise nach einer durch einen kurzfristig auftretenden unzulässigen Überstrom erfolgten Stromunterbrechung unmittelbar nach dem Abklingen des unzulässigen Über- Stroms die Energieversorgung wieder voll wirksam werden kann. Mit der schlecht wärmeleitenden Oberflächenschicht wird bei geeigneter Konstellation von Schichtdicke, Wärmeleitfähigkeit und Plattenleiteroberfl che ein sehr schneller Wärmeübertrag wirksam, der eine sehr kurze Rückkühlzeit der Stro begren- zereinrichtung zur Folge hat. Eine Eigenschaft, die bei die-
sen Schal tnet zen für Stromunterbrechungen in der Größenordnung kle inerWith the design of the current limiter device as a plate conductor element in a layered construction, the requirements of the switching networks, in particular in the low and medium voltage range, must also be met. The main issue here is that, for example, after a current interruption caused by a short-term impermissible overcurrent, the energy supply can become fully effective again immediately after the unacceptable overcurrent has died down. With the poorly heat-conducting surface layer, with a suitable constellation of layer thickness, thermal conductivity and plate conductor surface, a very rapid heat transfer becomes effective, which results in a very short recooling time for the current limiting device. A characteristic that This switching network for power interruptions of the order of magnitude smaller
0 , 5 Sekunden noch toleriert werden .0.5 seconds can still be tolerated.
Da sowohl die mit dem Supraleiter beschichtete als auch die unbeschichtete Seite des Substratmaterials dem Kühlmittel ausgesetzt sind , ist die wärmeisol ierende Oberf lächenschicht auch beidseitig aufgetragen .Since both the side coated with the superconductor and the uncoated side of the substrate material are exposed to the coolant, the heat-insulating surface layer is also applied on both sides.
Vorteilhaf te Ausgestaltungen der Erf indung sehen vor, daß 2 . 1 die Oberflächenschicht durch einen Lackauftrag realisiert ist , oder alternativ dazu , daß 3 . 1 die Oberflächenschicht durch einen Epoxydharzkleberauf trag , beispielsweise durch eine Stycastbeschichtung, real isiert ist . Sowohl der Lackauftrag als auch der Epoxydharzkleberauftrag stellen eine Oberflächenbeschichtung dar, die j eweils mit relativ geringen Mitteln in einfacher Weise durchzuführen sind . Als Beschichtungsmaterial kommen neben den oben erwähnten jegliche Materialien in Frage , deren Wärmeleitfähigkeit sehr viel kleiner ist alsAdvantageous embodiments of the invention provide that 2. 1 the surface layer is realized by applying a varnish, or alternatively that 3. 1 the surface layer is realized by an epoxy resin adhesive application, for example by a stycast coating. Both the coating application and the Epoxydharzkleberauftrag represent a surface coating to perform the j each case at relatively low cost in a simple manner sin d. In addition to the materials mentioned above, any coating material whose thermal conductivity is much smaller than can be used as the coating material
1 Watt/Kelvin m und die auch bei schnell sich ändernden Temperaturzyklen auf dem Plattenleiterelement haften bleiben . Als Beispiele seien hier noch genannt Gießharze, Teflon etc . Selbstverständlich müssen diese Materialien tief temperatur- tauglich sein und dürfen darüber hinaus weder den Supraleiter noch die Shuntschicht chemisch und/oder physikalisch beeinträchtigen .1 watt / Kelvin m and which adhere to the plate conductor element even with rapidly changing temperature cycles. Casting resins, Teflon etc. Of course, these materials must be suitable for low temperatures and, furthermore, must not chemically and / or physically impair the superconductor or the shunt layer.
Das Verfahren zur Steuerung der Strombegrenzereinrichtung ist gemäß der vorangegangenen vorteilhaften Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung durch die Merkmale
. 1 das Plattenleiterelement ist in einem Behäl ter angeordnet und vol l ständig von f lüssigen Stickstof f umge r. , . 2 das Plattenleiterelement wird auf eine Temperatur im Bereich von 77 Grad Keltin abgekühlt , und . 3 das Plattenleiterelement bewirkt beirr. Übergang vom supraleitenden in den normalleitenden Zustand eine Stromf lußunterbrechung in einer Zeit im Bereich von 50 Millisekunden .The method of controlling the current limiter device is t according to the previous advantageous embodiments of the invention by the features , 1 The plate conductor element is arranged in a container and is always completely converted from liquid nitrogen. ,. 2 the plate conductor element is cooled to a temperature in the range of 77 degrees Keltin, and. 3 the plate conductor element causes beirr. Transition from the superconducting to the normal conducting state an interruption of the current flow in a time in the range of 50 milliseconds.
Das Plattenleiterelement der resistiven Strombegrenzerein- richtung wird also durch flüssigen Stickstof f mit einer absoluten Temperatur im Bereich vonThe plate conductor element of the resistive current limiter device is therefore replaced by liquid nitrogen with an absolute temperature in the range of
77 Grad Kelvin gekühlt . Bei einem Begrenzungsvorgang, d . h . beim Übergang vom supraleitenden in den normalleitenden Zustand, wird innerhalb von 50 Millisekunden soviel Wärme von der Hochtemperatursupraleitschicht freigesetzt , daß sich diese bis annähernd 300 Grad Kelvin auf Raumtemperatur erwärmt . Durch das anschließende Unterbrechen des Stromflusses - der Supraleiter bef indet sich im normalleitenden Zustand - wird keine Wärme mehr erzeugt , so daß das Plattenleiterelement durch den flüssigen Stickstof f wieder abgekühlt . Bei relativ schlechtem Wärmeübergang erfolgt die Kühlung bei den vorliegenden hohen Übertemperaturen im sogenannten Filmsiede-Be- reich des flüssigen Stickstof f s , was einer Rückkühlzeit von etwa einer Sekunde entspricht . Die schlecht wärmeleitende Oberflächenschicht des Plattenleiterelements erzeugt dagegen einen Temperaturgradienten, der bei geeigneter Konstellation seiner Schichtdicke und seiner Wärmeleitfähigkeit so vergrößert ist , daß die an der Plattenleiteroberfläche herrschende Temperatur im sogenannten Blasensiede-Bereich des flüssigen Stickstoffs liegt . Dies entspricht einer Verkürzung der Rückkύhlzeit um
über 50 Prozent, so daß sich eine Erholungszeit von unter 0,577 degrees Kelvin chilled. In a limit operation, i.e. H . during the transition from the superconducting to the normal conducting state, so much heat is released from the high-temperature superconducting layer within 50 milliseconds that it heats up to approximately 300 degrees Kelvin to room temperature. The subsequent interruption of the current flow - the superconductor is in the normally conductive state - no longer generates heat, so that the plate conductor element is cooled again by the liquid nitrogen f. In the case of relatively poor heat transfer, the cooling takes place at the present high excess temperatures in the so-called film boiling range of the liquid nitrogen, which corresponds to a recooling time of approximately one second. The poorly heat-conducting surface layer of the plate conductor element, on the other hand, produces a temperature gradient which, with a suitable constellation of its layer thickness and its thermal conductivity, is increased such that the temperature prevailing on the plate conductor surface lies in the so-called bubble boiling range of the liquid nitrogen. This corresponds to a reduction in the cooling time over 50 percent, so that a recovery time of less than 0.5
Sekunden für die Strombegrer.zereinrichtung erreichen läGc . Damit können derartige Strombegrenzereinrichtungen auch für die Energieeinspeisung in Schaltnetzen, insbesondere der Nie- der- und Mittelspannungstechnik, eingesetzt, werden . Stromausfallzeiten in dieser Größenordnung sind bei derartigen Schaltnetzen noch zulässig.Seconds for the current limiter. Current limiter devices of this type can thus also be used for energy supply in switching networks, in particular in low and medium voltage technology. Power downtimes of this magnitude are still permissible in such switching networks.
Die Erfindung wird durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläu- tert, in dem die Strombegrenzereinrichtung in ihrer Zusammensetzung schematisch dargestellt ist.The invention is explained in more detail by an exemplary embodiment in which the current limiter device is shown schematically in its composition.
Die Strombegrenzereinrichtung ist durch das Plattenleiterelement PE realisiert, das, wie die Querschnittsdarstellung er- kennen läßt, in schichtbauweise hergestellt ist. Auf dem als Träger dienenden Substratmaterial SK, das vorab mit einer biaxial texturierten, nicht dargestellten und nicht bezeichneten Pufferschicht versehen ist, ist einseitig oder beidsei- tig die Hochtemperatursupraleitschicht HS aufgetragen, an der sich die Shuntschicht SS anschließt. Diese Shuntschicht SS ist durch eine Silbermetallschicht, auch eine Goldschicht wäre hier denkbar, gebildet, die für die Hochtemperatursupraleitschicht HS als thermischer und elektrischer Shunt wirkt und gleichzeitig die Hochtemperatursupraleitschicht HS gegen chemische Beeinflussungen der Umwelt schützt. Weiterhin ist erkennbar, daß die beiden Außenbereiche des Plattenleiterele- ents PE mit der einheitlichen Oberflächenschicht OS überzogen sind. Das Plattenleiterelement PE ist gänzlich in einem Bad von flüssigen Stickstoff NF angeordnet, mit dem die Er- wärmung der Srombegrenzereinrichtung im Falle von unzulässig hohen Überströmen und Kurzschlußströmen in relativ kurzer
Zeit zur Erreichung einer schnellen Wiederverfügbarkeit abge- oaut wird. Die Strombegrenzere nrichtung ist dazu in einem nicht dargestellten geschlossenen Behälter untergebracht.
The current limiter device is implemented by the plate conductor element PE, which, as can be seen in the cross-sectional illustration, is produced in a layered construction. The high-temperature superconductor layer HS, to which the shunt layer SS adjoins, is applied on one or both sides to the substrate material SK serving as the carrier, which is provided beforehand with a biaxially textured buffer layer, not shown and not designated. This shunt layer SS is formed by a silver metal layer, a gold layer would also be conceivable here, which acts as a thermal and electrical shunt for the high-temperature superconducting layer HS and at the same time protects the high-temperature superconducting layer HS against chemical influences on the environment. It can also be seen that the two outer areas of the plate conductor element PE are covered with the uniform surface layer OS. The plate conductor element PE is arranged entirely in a bath of liquid nitrogen NF, with which the heating of the current limiter device is relatively short in the event of impermissibly high overcurrents and short-circuit currents Time to achieve rapid availability is depleted. The current limiter device is housed in a closed container, not shown.
Claims
1.1 die Strombegrenzereinrichtung ist durch ein oberflächenbeschichtetes Plattenleiterelement (PE) gebildet,1.1 the current limiter device is formed by a surface-coated plate conductor element (PE),
1.2 das Plattenleiterelement (PE) besteht im Kern aus einem zum Abscheiden einer hochtemperatursupraleitenden1.2 the plate conductor element (PE) consists of a core for the deposition of a high-temperature superconducting
Schicht geeigneten Substratmaterial (SK) mit einer einseitig oder beidseitig aufgetragenen Hochtemperatursupraleitschicht (HS) ,Layer of suitable substrate material (SK) with a high-temperature superconductor layer (HS) applied on one or both sides,
1.3 die Hochtemperatursupraleitschicht (HS) ist durch eine sich anschließende Shuntschicht (SS) begrenzt,1.3 the high-temperature superconductor layer (HS) is delimited by an adjoining shunt layer (SS),
1.4 der freie Außenbereich des Substratmaterials (SK) und der freie Außenbereich der Shuntschicht (SS) des Plat- tenleiterele ents (PE) sind mit einer äußeren wärmeisolierenden Oberflächenschicht (OS) versehen.1.4 the free outer area of the substrate material (SK) and the free outer area of the shunt layer (SS) of the plate conductor element (PE) are provided with an outer heat-insulating surface layer (OS).
2. Strombegrenzereinrichtung für Schaltnetze nach Patentanspruch 1, g e k e n n z e i c h n e t d u r c h das Merkmal 3.1 die Oberflächenschicht (OS) ist durch einen Lackauftrag realisiert.2. Current limiter device for switching networks according to claim 1, g e k e n n z e i c h n e t d u r c h feature 3.1, the surface layer (OS) is realized by a paint application.
3. Strombegrenzereinrichtung für Schaltnetze nach Patentanspruch 1, g e k e n n z e i c h n e t d u r c h das Merkmal
3. Current limiter device for switching networks according to claim 1, characterized by the feature
3.1 die Oberflächenschicht (OS) ist durch einen Epoxydharzkleberauftrag, beispielsweise durch eine Stycastbe- schichtung, realisiert.3. 1 the surface layer (OS) is realized by an epoxy resin adhesive application, for example by a Stycast coating.
4. Verfahren zur Steuerung der Strombegrenzereinrichtung nach den Patentansprüchen 1 und 2 sowie den Patentansprüchen 1 und 3, g e k e n n z e i c h n e t d u r c h die Merkmale4. A method for controlling the current limiter device according to patent claims 1 and 2 and patent claims 1 and 3, the characteristics of the features
3.1 das Plattenleiterelement (PE) ist in einem Behälter an- geordnet und vollständig von Flüssigstickstoff (NF) umgeben,3.1 the plate conductor element (PE) is arranged in a container and completely surrounded by liquid nitrogen (NF),
3.2 das Plattenleiterelement (PE) wird auf eine Temperatur im Bereich von 77 Grad Kelvin abgekühlt, und3.2 the plate conductor element (PE) is cooled to a temperature in the range of 77 degrees Kelvin, and
3.3 das Plattenleiterelement (PE) bewirkt beim Übergang vom supraleitenden in den normalleitenden Zustand eine3.3 the plate conductor element (PE) causes a transition from the superconducting to the normal conducting state
Stromflußunterbrechung in einer Zeit im Bereich von 50 Millisekunden.
Current interruption in a time in the range of 50 milliseconds.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000519932A JP2001523051A (en) | 1997-11-11 | 1998-11-10 | Current limiting device |
| EP98963356A EP1029370A1 (en) | 1997-11-11 | 1998-11-10 | Current limiting device |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19750758A DE19750758A1 (en) | 1997-11-11 | 1997-11-11 | Current limiting device |
| DE19750758.1 | 1997-11-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1999025032A1 true WO1999025032A1 (en) | 1999-05-20 |
Family
ID=7848898
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE1998/003381 WO1999025032A1 (en) | 1997-11-11 | 1998-11-10 | Current limiting device |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1029370A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2001523051A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1218300A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19750758A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999025032A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE60217840T2 (en) * | 2002-06-17 | 2007-11-15 | Abb Research Ltd. | Superconducting fault current limiter |
| DE10231914C1 (en) * | 2002-07-09 | 2003-10-09 | Siemens Ag | Optimized composite conductor with superconducting layer has commutation layer with Ohmic resistance so current passed is equal to or greater than maximum local critical current |
| DE102004031908B3 (en) * | 2004-06-24 | 2006-01-05 | Siemens Ag | Current limiting device with superconducting switching element |
| JP5317034B2 (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2013-10-16 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | Superconducting current limiting element with improved environmental resistance |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05251761A (en) * | 1992-03-04 | 1993-09-28 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Current limiting conductor using oxide superconductive film |
| WO1996010269A1 (en) * | 1994-09-29 | 1996-04-04 | Abb Research Ltd. | Current-limiting device |
| JPH09252147A (en) * | 1996-03-14 | 1997-09-22 | Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc:The | Current limiter |
-
1997
- 1997-11-11 DE DE19750758A patent/DE19750758A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-11-10 JP JP2000519932A patent/JP2001523051A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-11-10 EP EP98963356A patent/EP1029370A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-11-10 WO PCT/DE1998/003381 patent/WO1999025032A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-11-11 CN CN98125827A patent/CN1218300A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05251761A (en) * | 1992-03-04 | 1993-09-28 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Current limiting conductor using oxide superconductive film |
| WO1996010269A1 (en) * | 1994-09-29 | 1996-04-04 | Abb Research Ltd. | Current-limiting device |
| JPH09252147A (en) * | 1996-03-14 | 1997-09-22 | Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc:The | Current limiter |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| HODGE J D ET AL: "A resistive fault current limiter based on high temperature superconductors", APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY, vol. 3, no. 7, July 1995 (1995-07-01), pages 469-482, XP004007071 * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 018, no. 008 (E - 1486) 7 January 1994 (1994-01-07) * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 098, no. 001 30 January 1998 (1998-01-30) * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1029370A1 (en) | 2000-08-23 |
| DE19750758A1 (en) | 1999-05-12 |
| JP2001523051A (en) | 2001-11-20 |
| CN1218300A (en) | 1999-06-02 |
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