US3267563A - Method of producing composite tubes - Google Patents

Method of producing composite tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
US3267563A
US3267563A US312453A US31245363A US3267563A US 3267563 A US3267563 A US 3267563A US 312453 A US312453 A US 312453A US 31245363 A US31245363 A US 31245363A US 3267563 A US3267563 A US 3267563A
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Prior art keywords
tube
liner
shroud
liner tube
copper
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US312453A
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Ralph E Seaton
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WOLVERINE ACQUISITION CORP A DE CORP
Bank of Nova Scotia
Calumet and Hecla Inc
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Calumet and Hecla Inc
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Priority to BE653792D priority Critical patent/BE653792A/xx
Application filed by Calumet and Hecla Inc filed Critical Calumet and Hecla Inc
Priority to US312453A priority patent/US3267563A/en
Priority to GB34423/64A priority patent/GB1045618A/en
Priority to NL6410800A priority patent/NL6410800A/xx
Priority to DEC33939A priority patent/DE1290388B/en
Priority to SE11727/64A priority patent/SE324265B/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3267563A publication Critical patent/US3267563A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to BANK OF NOVA SCOTIA, THE reassignment BANK OF NOVA SCOTIA, THE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: WOLVERINE ACQUISITION CORP. A CORP. OF DE
Assigned to WOLVERINE ACQUISITION CORP., A DE CORP reassignment WOLVERINE ACQUISITION CORP., A DE CORP ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: WOLVERINE TUBE, INC.,
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/085—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from copper or copper alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
    • B21C1/16—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes
    • B21C1/22—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes specially adapted for making tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
    • B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
    • B21C23/08—Making wire, bars, tubes
    • B21C23/10—Making finned tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/22—Making metal-coated products; Making products from two or more metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/154—Making multi-wall tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/20—Making helical or similar guides in or on tubes without removing material, e.g. by drawing same over mandrels, by pushing same through dies ; Making tubes with angled walls, ribbed tubes and tubes with decorated walls
    • B21C37/202—Making helical or similar guides in or on tubes without removing material, e.g. by drawing same over mandrels, by pushing same through dies ; Making tubes with angled walls, ribbed tubes and tubes with decorated walls with guides parallel to the tube axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/02—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers
    • B21D53/08—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers of both metal tubes and sheet metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B23K20/233—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer
    • B23K20/2333—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer one layer being aluminium, magnesium or beryllium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
    • B23K31/027—Making tubes with soldering or welding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/003—Multiple wall conduits, e.g. for leak detection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/40—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only inside the tubular element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
    • F28F19/06—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings of metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0068—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for refrigerant cycles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49361—Tube inside tube
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49377—Tube with heat transfer means
    • Y10T29/49378—Finned tube
    • Y10T29/49384—Internally finned
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49925—Inward deformation of aperture or hollow body wall
    • Y10T29/49927—Hollow body is axially joined cup or tube
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49925—Inward deformation of aperture or hollow body wall
    • Y10T29/49934—Inward deformation of aperture or hollow body wall by axially applying force

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of producing a tubular device comprising an internally finned inner or liner tube, and a smooth outer or shroud tube in radial pressure contact with the inner or liner tube.
  • It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of producing a composite tubular device comprising an internally finned liner tube formed of a first metal, and a smooth shroud tube having its inner surface in continuous radially acting pressure contact with the outer surface of the liner tube.
  • It is a further object of the present invention to provide a novel method of producing a composite tubular device which comprises extruding a liner tube provided with internal longitudinally extending fins and a smooth outer surface, assembling the liner tube in an outer shroud tube having an internal diameter slightly greater than the outside diameter of the liner tube, the shroud tube having smooth inner and outer surfaces and having a yield strength substantially less than the yield strength of the liner tube, reducing the diameter of the shroud tube sufficiently to materially stress the liner tube so as to produce continuous radially acting pressure contact between the outer surface of the liner tube and the inner surface of the shroud tube.
  • FIGURE 1 is an end view of the composite tubular device.
  • FIGURE 2 is an end view of the inner liner tube prior to assembly.
  • FIGURE 3 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of the inner liner tube.
  • the tubular device indicated generally at 10 in FIG- URE 1 comprises an inner tube 12 provided with a multiplicity of generally radially inwardly extending fins 14 which are tapered as best illustrated in FIGURE 3.
  • the outer surface of the tubular device be of a metal other than aluminum and copper has been found to be entirely satisfactory for this purpose, due in part to its resistance to corrosion.
  • the inner tube 12 is inser-ted into an outer or shroud tube 16 formed of a corrosion resistant material, preferably copper.
  • a corrosion resistant material preferably copper.
  • Excellent results are obtained when the shroud tube is formed of DHP copper.
  • the copper tube is formed with an internal diameter sufficiently greater than the external diameter of the extruded aluminum tube so as to permit ready assembly. Excellent results are obtained when the aluminum liner tube is extruded to have an outside diameter of 0.680/ 0.690.
  • the copper shroud tube, which is initially formed to fit loosely over the inner liner tube is produced with an outside diameter of 0.790/ 0.800", and with a wall thickness of 0.036".
  • the yield strength of the inner tube must be substantially greater than that of the shroud tube.
  • the minimum yield strength of the copper shroud tube is approximately 6,000 p.s.i.
  • the yield strength of the aluminum liner tube, after the age hardening thereof, is approximately 16,000 p.s.i.
  • the assembly After loosely assembling the aluminum liner in the copper tube, the assembly is pulled through a die having an aperture of 0.750". This operation creates an intimate pressure contact between the outside diameter of the liner and the inside diameter of the copper shroud tube which provides a low resistance thermal conductive path.
  • the aluminum liner tube is aged subsequent to sinking and before assembly with the copper shroud tube.
  • the copper tube is subjected to an 8% reduction in cross-sectional area by the draw operation.
  • the composite tubular device described in the foregoing is particularly useful as a water chiller tube because the inner surface of the liner is provided with fins which produce a total inside area of contact approximately twice as great as the outside area. Since the outside of the tube is in contact with water and the inner surface of the tubular device is in contact with a chilled gaseous medium, this area ratio produces a highly eiiicient overall heat transfer relationship.
  • the eflicient tubular device permits the formation of the internally finned'structure by highly eflicient extrusion of a material designed for this purpose, while at the same time, it is characterized by the external corrosion resisting surface of a dissimilar metal, specifically copper, to be assembled together by an operation which insures a permanent radially acting pressure between the smooth adjacent surfaces of the shroud and liner, thus producing a thermal conductive path of low resistance.
  • a composite tubular device which comprises eftruding a liner tube having a smooth outer surface and 'a'finned inner surface, assembling over said liner tube a shroud tubehaving smooth inner and outer surfaces and having a yield strength substantially less than the yield strength of the liner tube, sinking the shroud tube onto the liner tube by drawing the assembly through a die sized to materially stress the liner tube.

Description

Aug. 23, 1966 R. E. SEATON 3,267,553
mmoo 0F rnonucme COMPOSITE TUBES Filed Sept. 50, 1963 INVENTOR. RALPij E. SEATON ATTORN EYS United States Patent 3,267,563 METHOD OF PRODUCING COMPOSITE TUBES Ralph E. Seaton, Detroit, Mich., assignor to Calumet & Hecla, Inc, Allen Park, Mich, a corporation of Michigan Filed Sept. 30, 1963, Ser. No. 312,453 8 Claims. (Cl. 29-1573) The present invention relates to a method of producing a tubular device comprising an internally finned inner or liner tube, and a smooth outer or shroud tube in radial pressure contact with the inner or liner tube.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of producing a composite tubular device comprising an internally finned liner tube formed of a first metal, and a smooth shroud tube having its inner surface in continuous radially acting pressure contact with the outer surface of the liner tube.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method of producing a tubular device as described in the preceding paragraph in which the inner tube is formed of aluminum.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method of producing a tubular device as described in the preceding paragraphs in which the shroud tube is formed of copper.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a novel method of producing a composite tubular device which comprises extruding a liner tube provided with internal longitudinally extending fins and a smooth outer surface, assembling the liner tube in an outer shroud tube having an internal diameter slightly greater than the outside diameter of the liner tube, the shroud tube having smooth inner and outer surfaces and having a yield strength substantially less than the yield strength of the liner tube, reducing the diameter of the shroud tube sufficiently to materially stress the liner tube so as to produce continuous radially acting pressure contact between the outer surface of the liner tube and the inner surface of the shroud tube.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method as described in the preceding paragraph in which the outer shroud tube is sunk onto the inner liner tube by drawing the assembly through a die.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method as described in the preceding paragraphs in which the extruded inner liner tube is aluminum and the outer shroud tube is copper.
Other objects and features of the invention will become apparent as the description proceeds, especially when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrating a preferred embodiment of the invention, wherein:
FIGURE 1 is an end view of the composite tubular device.
FIGURE 2 is an end view of the inner liner tube prior to assembly.
FIGURE 3 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of the inner liner tube.
The tubular device indicated generally at 10 in FIG- URE 1 comprises an inner tube 12 provided with a multiplicity of generally radially inwardly extending fins 14 which are tapered as best illustrated in FIGURE 3.
In a tubular device of the character described, which is used for a water chiller tube, excellent results have been obtained when the fins have a height of approximately .100", a thickness at the base of approximately .035", and a thickness at the tip of approximately .010, the fins being formed to extend inwardly from a tube having a wall thickness of approximately .025 and a diameter of approximately 0.65. A tube having these dimensions is readily extruded from a suitable aluminum Patented August 23, 1966 alloy intended for extrusion, and excellent results are obtained using 6063-T5 aluminum. The aluminum liner tube after extrusion undergoes an age hardening treatment for a purpose which will present appear.
In use as a water chiller tube the environment requires that the outer surface of the tubular device be of a metal other than aluminum and copper has been found to be entirely satisfactory for this purpose, due in part to its resistance to corrosion.
Inasmuch as the tubular device is intended to operate as a heat transfer device, it is of course apparent that heat transfer across the outer surface of the liner tube and the inner surface of the shroud tube shall be as high as possible. In order to accomplish this it is essential that these surfaces be in smooth continuous contact which can best be assured by maintaining the surfaces under continuously acting radial pressure.
To produce the tubular device the inner tube 12 is inser-ted into an outer or shroud tube 16 formed of a corrosion resistant material, preferably copper. Excellent results are obtained when the shroud tube is formed of DHP copper. The copper tube is formed with an internal diameter sufficiently greater than the external diameter of the extruded aluminum tube so as to permit ready assembly. Excellent results are obtained when the aluminum liner tube is extruded to have an outside diameter of 0.680/ 0.690. The copper shroud tube, which is initially formed to fit loosely over the inner liner tube is produced with an outside diameter of 0.790/ 0.800", and with a wall thickness of 0.036".
In order to insure the permanent result of radially acting pressure between the inner surface of the shroud tube and the outer surface of the liner tube, the yield strength of the inner tube must be substantially greater than that of the shroud tube. With the materials specified, the minimum yield strength of the copper shroud tube is approximately 6,000 p.s.i., and the yield strength of the aluminum liner tube, after the age hardening thereof, is approximately 16,000 p.s.i.
After loosely assembling the aluminum liner in the copper tube, the assembly is pulled through a die having an aperture of 0.750". This operation creates an intimate pressure contact between the outside diameter of the liner and the inside diameter of the copper shroud tube which provides a low resistance thermal conductive path.
The effectiveness of the continuous pressure contact between the adjacent surfaces of the tube is attributed to the difference in yield strength of the component parts. In tube drawing the material tends to spring back to a diameter somewhat larger than the diameter of the die through which it is pulled. This spring back effect is greater in materials having greater yield strength. It follows therefore, that when the two components of this assembly are drawn through a die, with the component having the greater yield strength on the inside, the inside component will spring back more than the outer component. This differential spring back will create a permanent stress condition at the interface and provide a bond or contact between the two surfaces characterized by a low resistance thermal conductive path.
In some cases it is necessary or desirable to sink or reduce the diameter of the extruded aluminum liner tube after extrusion and prior to the assembly in final draw operation with the copper shroud tube. In such case, the aluminum liner tube is aged subsequent to sinking and before assembly with the copper shroud tube.
As a matter of interest, it is noted that in the specific example described in the foregoing, the copper tube is subjected to an 8% reduction in cross-sectional area by the draw operation.
The composite tubular device described in the foregoing is particularly useful as a water chiller tube because the inner surface of the liner is provided with fins which produce a total inside area of contact approximately twice as great as the outside area. Since the outside of the tube is in contact with water and the inner surface of the tubular device is in contact with a chilled gaseous medium, this area ratio produces a highly eiiicient overall heat transfer relationship. The eflicient tubular device permits the formation of the internally finned'structure by highly eflicient extrusion of a material designed for this purpose, while at the same time, it is characterized by the external corrosion resisting surface of a dissimilar metal, specifically copper, to be assembled together by an operation which insures a permanent radially acting pressure between the smooth adjacent surfaces of the shroud and liner, thus producing a thermal conductive path of low resistance. 7
The drawing and the foregoing specification constitute a description of the improved tubular device in such full, clear, concise and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention, the scope of which is indicated by the appended claims.
What I claim as my invention is:
1. The method of making a composite tubular device which comprises eftruding a liner tube having a smooth outer surface and 'a'finned inner surface, assembling over said liner tube a shroud tubehaving smooth inner and outer surfaces and having a yield strength substantially less than the yield strength of the liner tube, sinking the shroud tube onto the liner tube by drawing the assembly through a die sized to materially stress the liner tube.
2. The method as defined in claim 1 in which the liner tube is formed of aluminum.
3. The method as defined in claim 1 in which the shroud tube is formed of copper.
4. The method as defined in claim 1 in which the liner tube is formed of 6063-T5 aluminum.
5. The method as defined in claim 1 in which the shroud tube is formed of DHP copper.
6. The method as definedin claim 1 in which the liner tube is formed of aluminum and in which the shroud tube is formed of copper.
7. The method of making a composite tubular device which comprises extruding an internally finned aluminum tube having a smooth outer surface, positioning an outer copper tube having a smooth inner surface over'said ex truded aluminum tube, and thereafter drawing said tubes to produce a permanent reduction in the outside diameter of said inner tube and to produce a permanent radial stress acting between said tubes.
8. The method of making a composite tubular device which comprises extruding an internally finned aluminum tube having a smooth outer surface, positioning an outer copper tube having a smooth inner surface over'said extruded aluminum tube, said aluminum tube afterextrusion havinga yield strength in excess of that of said outer copper tube prior to the draw operation, and thereafter drawing said tubes to produce a permanent reduction in the outside diameter of said inner tube and to produce a permanent radial stress acting between said tubes.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 813,918 2/1906 Schmitz. 1,441,459 1/ 1923 Small. 2,726,681 12/1955 Gaddis et a1. 13838 2,828,537 4/1958 Pischke et a1 29517 2,985,508 7/1959 Drake 138-38 3,009,484 11/1961 Dollens. 3,041,719 7/1962 Haseltine 29517l FOREIGN PATENTS 526,593 9/1940 Great Britain.
CHARLIE T. MOON, Primary Examiner. LEWIS r. LENNY, Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. THE METHOD OF MAKING A COMPOSITE TUBULAR DEVICE WHICH COMPRISES EXTRUDING A LINER TUBE HAVING A SMOOTH OUTER SURFACE AND A FINNED INNER SURFACE, ASSEMBLING OVER SAID LINER TUBE A SHROUD TUBE HAVING SMOOTH INNER AND OUTER SURFACES AND HAVING A YIELD STRENGTH SUBSTANTIALLY LESS THAN THE YIELD STRENGTH OF THE LINER TUBE, SINKING THE SHROUD TUBE ONTO THE LINER TUBE BY DRAWING THE ASSEMBLY THROUGH A DIE SIZED TO MATERIALLY STRESS THE LINER TUBE.
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US312453A US3267563A (en) 1963-09-30 1963-09-30 Method of producing composite tubes
GB34423/64A GB1045618A (en) 1963-09-30 1964-08-21 A method of manufacturing tubular heat exchange devices
NL6410800A NL6410800A (en) 1963-09-30 1964-09-16
DEC33939A DE1290388B (en) 1963-09-30 1964-09-21 Process for the production of composite pipes with internal ribs
SE11727/64A SE324265B (en) 1963-09-30 1964-09-30

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US3716902A (en) * 1970-02-18 1973-02-20 Small Tube Products Method of making a composite welding torch tip
US3833987A (en) * 1971-02-10 1974-09-10 Hudson Products Corp Finned tubes for use in heat exchangers
US4023557A (en) * 1975-11-05 1977-05-17 Uop Inc. Solar collector utilizing copper lined aluminum tubing and method of making such tubing
US4337824A (en) * 1980-10-24 1982-07-06 Amtrol Double wall heat exchanger
US4410012A (en) * 1980-10-20 1983-10-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Radially compliant acoustic line array hose
US4425942A (en) 1980-12-24 1984-01-17 Wieland-Werke A.G. Finned tube for a heat exchanger
US4546819A (en) * 1984-02-10 1985-10-15 Amtrol Inc. Double wall heat exchanger
US4677724A (en) * 1983-12-05 1987-07-07 Takanori Kuroki Heat exchanger structure and method of manufacturing same
US4982784A (en) * 1988-09-30 1991-01-08 Ford Motor Company Composite heat exchanger tube
US5105540A (en) * 1988-09-30 1992-04-21 Ford Motor Company Tube method of making a composite heat exchanger tube
US6070657A (en) * 1994-03-24 2000-06-06 Hoval Interliz Ag Heat exchanger tube for heating boilers
EP1270123A1 (en) * 2001-06-28 2003-01-02 Camozzi Holding S.P.A. A tool provided with high-efficiency cooling ducts
US20060201451A1 (en) * 2004-07-13 2006-09-14 Unical Ag S.P.A. Pipe in a fire tube boiler
US20060219191A1 (en) * 2005-04-04 2006-10-05 United Technologies Corporation Heat transfer enhancement features for a tubular wall combustion chamber
US20070259156A1 (en) * 2006-05-03 2007-11-08 Lucent Technologies, Inc. Hydrophobic surfaces and fabrication process
US20080131653A1 (en) * 2006-11-30 2008-06-05 Lucent Technologies Inc. Fluid-permeable body having a superhydrophobic surface
WO2009026332A1 (en) * 2007-08-21 2009-02-26 Sunspring America, Inc. Interior pipe barrier apparatus and method
US20090294112A1 (en) * 2008-06-03 2009-12-03 Nordyne, Inc. Internally finned tube having enhanced nucleation centers, heat exchangers, and methods of manufacture
US20090308481A1 (en) * 2006-04-24 2009-12-17 Jiangsu Xingrong Hi-Tech Company Limited Cu/Al COMPOSITE PIPE AND A MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF
US20100083478A1 (en) * 2004-10-04 2010-04-08 Griggs Samuel D Methods of forming embossed netting chutes for manual and/or automated clipping packaging apparatus
US20150231946A1 (en) * 2014-02-14 2015-08-20 Unique Fabricating, Inc. Noise attenuated air duct
USD837357S1 (en) * 2016-09-15 2019-01-01 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Catalyst carrier for exhaust gas purification
USD837356S1 (en) * 2016-09-15 2019-01-01 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Catalyst carrier for exhaust gas purification
USD841145S1 (en) * 2016-09-15 2019-02-19 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Catalyst carrier for exhaust gas purification
US10514210B2 (en) 2014-12-31 2019-12-24 Ingersoll-Rand Company Fin-tube heat exchanger
US11549644B2 (en) 2019-07-09 2023-01-10 Seatrec, Inc. Apparatus and method for making internally finned pressure vessel

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US5494209A (en) * 1992-12-28 1996-02-27 Olin Corporation Method for the manufacture of an internally enhanced welded tubing

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US813918A (en) * 1899-12-29 1906-02-27 Albert Schmitz Tubes, single or compound, with longitudinal ribs.
US1441459A (en) * 1921-02-04 1923-01-09 Philadelphia Bronze Bearing & Composite tube and method of making the same
GB526593A (en) * 1938-03-23 1940-09-20 Felten & Guilleaume Carlswerk Improvements in and relating to aluminium pipes
US2726681A (en) * 1950-09-18 1955-12-13 Brown Fintube Co Internally finned tube
US2828537A (en) * 1954-01-25 1958-04-01 Dynamit Ag Vormals Alfred Nobe Method of producing armoured synthetic plastic tubes, vessels or shaped pieces
US2985508A (en) * 1957-01-07 1961-05-23 Dow Chemical Co Manufacture of metal fluorides
US3009484A (en) * 1958-09-08 1961-11-21 Arvin Ind Inc Sound attenuating laminated pipe
US3041719A (en) * 1959-05-05 1962-07-03 Engelhard Ind Inc Method of making a composite tube

Cited By (36)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3716902A (en) * 1970-02-18 1973-02-20 Small Tube Products Method of making a composite welding torch tip
US3833987A (en) * 1971-02-10 1974-09-10 Hudson Products Corp Finned tubes for use in heat exchangers
US4023557A (en) * 1975-11-05 1977-05-17 Uop Inc. Solar collector utilizing copper lined aluminum tubing and method of making such tubing
US4410012A (en) * 1980-10-20 1983-10-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Radially compliant acoustic line array hose
US4337824A (en) * 1980-10-24 1982-07-06 Amtrol Double wall heat exchanger
US4476704A (en) * 1980-12-24 1984-10-16 Wieland-Werke Ag Method for producing finned tubes
US4425942A (en) 1980-12-24 1984-01-17 Wieland-Werke A.G. Finned tube for a heat exchanger
US4677724A (en) * 1983-12-05 1987-07-07 Takanori Kuroki Heat exchanger structure and method of manufacturing same
US4546819A (en) * 1984-02-10 1985-10-15 Amtrol Inc. Double wall heat exchanger
US4982784A (en) * 1988-09-30 1991-01-08 Ford Motor Company Composite heat exchanger tube
US5105540A (en) * 1988-09-30 1992-04-21 Ford Motor Company Tube method of making a composite heat exchanger tube
US6070657A (en) * 1994-03-24 2000-06-06 Hoval Interliz Ag Heat exchanger tube for heating boilers
EP1270123A1 (en) * 2001-06-28 2003-01-02 Camozzi Holding S.P.A. A tool provided with high-efficiency cooling ducts
US20030002935A1 (en) * 2001-06-28 2003-01-02 Camozzi Holding S.P.A. Tool provided high-efficiency cooling ducts
EP1617139B1 (en) 2004-07-13 2016-08-31 UNICAL AG S.p.A. Pipe in a fire tube boiler
US20060201451A1 (en) * 2004-07-13 2006-09-14 Unical Ag S.P.A. Pipe in a fire tube boiler
US20100083478A1 (en) * 2004-10-04 2010-04-08 Griggs Samuel D Methods of forming embossed netting chutes for manual and/or automated clipping packaging apparatus
US9278771B2 (en) * 2004-10-04 2016-03-08 Tipper Tie, Inc. Methods of forming embossed netting chutes for manual and/or automated clipping packaging apparatus
US7464537B2 (en) * 2005-04-04 2008-12-16 United Technologies Corporation Heat transfer enhancement features for a tubular wall combustion chamber
US20060219191A1 (en) * 2005-04-04 2006-10-05 United Technologies Corporation Heat transfer enhancement features for a tubular wall combustion chamber
US20090308481A1 (en) * 2006-04-24 2009-12-17 Jiangsu Xingrong Hi-Tech Company Limited Cu/Al COMPOSITE PIPE AND A MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF
US20070259156A1 (en) * 2006-05-03 2007-11-08 Lucent Technologies, Inc. Hydrophobic surfaces and fabrication process
CN101437749B (en) * 2006-05-03 2013-09-11 朗讯科技公司 Superhydrophobic surfaces and fabrication process
US20080131653A1 (en) * 2006-11-30 2008-06-05 Lucent Technologies Inc. Fluid-permeable body having a superhydrophobic surface
US8047235B2 (en) * 2006-11-30 2011-11-01 Alcatel Lucent Fluid-permeable body having a superhydrophobic surface
WO2009026332A1 (en) * 2007-08-21 2009-02-26 Sunspring America, Inc. Interior pipe barrier apparatus and method
US20090294112A1 (en) * 2008-06-03 2009-12-03 Nordyne, Inc. Internally finned tube having enhanced nucleation centers, heat exchangers, and methods of manufacture
US20150231946A1 (en) * 2014-02-14 2015-08-20 Unique Fabricating, Inc. Noise attenuated air duct
US10514210B2 (en) 2014-12-31 2019-12-24 Ingersoll-Rand Company Fin-tube heat exchanger
USD837357S1 (en) * 2016-09-15 2019-01-01 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Catalyst carrier for exhaust gas purification
USD837356S1 (en) * 2016-09-15 2019-01-01 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Catalyst carrier for exhaust gas purification
USD841142S1 (en) 2016-09-15 2019-02-19 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Catalyst carrier for exhaust gas purification
USD841145S1 (en) * 2016-09-15 2019-02-19 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Catalyst carrier for exhaust gas purification
USD895094S1 (en) 2016-09-15 2020-09-01 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Catalyst carrier for exhaust gas purification
USD901663S1 (en) 2016-09-15 2020-11-10 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Catalyst carrier for exhaust gas purification
US11549644B2 (en) 2019-07-09 2023-01-10 Seatrec, Inc. Apparatus and method for making internally finned pressure vessel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE653792A (en)
GB1045618A (en) 1966-10-12
DE1290388B (en) 1969-03-06
NL6410800A (en) 1965-03-31
SE324265B (en) 1970-05-25

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