US3039858A - Cs2 retort - Google Patents

Description

3,039,858 CS2 RETOR'I Alvin Schallis, Irvington on Hudson, N.Y., assigner to Stauer Chemical Company, a corporation of Delaware Filed Aug. 31, 1959, Ser. No. 837,041 1 Claim. (Cl. 23-284) This invention relates to an improved construction for a retort utilized for the manufacture of carbon disulde by reaction of sulfur Vapor with ya suitable solid carbon.

It has been the practice heretofore to provide a carbon bisuliide retort including a sulfur heating section disposed in a furnace and having a reactor section provided above the sulfur heater. Sulfur vapor, upon being heated from its boiling point to the temperature of reaction with carbon, undergoes a great reduction in density, of the order of 7-to-l. As a result of this reduction in density, stratification may occur in the retort, the hottest material being directly under the grate provided at the entrance to the reactor section and the coolest lat the bottom, or it may result in violent convection currents within the sulfur heating section. While violent convection in the sulfur vapor tends to keep the entire contents kof the retort at reaction temperature, and although movement of the gas over the surface of the heating section improves the coe'icient of heat transfer, heat to the Vapor must be transferred under these conditions through a lower differential temperature. Also, because of the reduced specic heat, the thermal conductivity of the gas is reduced. In general, I have determined, therefore, that violent convection within the retort is undesirable.

In accordance with the present invention, I have found that the passage of sulfur vapor should be confined to contact with the wall of the retort and that it should not be permitted to boil violently in the heating section. In accordance with the present invention, I provide, by means of suitable brick work, a plurality of vertical V-shaped passages along the wall of the retort in which the sulfur is heated progressively to reaction temperature. That sulfur present outside of the V-shaped passages and in the central portion of the heating section of the retort is, necessarily, at a lower temperature Iand therefore of greater density. There is, therefore, no tendency for such sulfur vapor in the inside core to rise and it remains fairly static. In each of the V-shaped passages, fairly violent eddy currents are present which keep the rate of heat of transfer -at a high level.

It is in general the broad object of the present invention to provide an improved retort construction for heating sulfur vapor `for eventual reaction with carbon to form carbon bisulfide.

The invention includes other objects and features of advantage, some of which, together with the foregoing, will appear hereinafter wherein the preferred form of retort embodying the invention is disclosed. In the drawing accompanying and yforming a part hereof, FIGURE 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, showing the retort construction of the present invention.

FIGURES 2, 3, 4 and 5, are, respectively, sections taken along the lines 2 2, 3-3, 4 4 and 5-5 in FIGURE 1.

Referring to the drawing, I have indicated a typical retort 6 including the sulfur heating section 7 provided in a suitable furnace 8, and having `superimposed thereon the carbon holding section 9 in which the sulfur vapor nited States Paie reacts with the carbon to form carbon bisuliide, which issues through the `outlet 11. Sulfur is admitted as through the boot opening 12 in the bottom `of the retort.

In accordance with this invention, several projections 21 are provided upon the sidewall of the retort to support a plate 22 (FIGURE 5). This plate has several arcuate openings 23, through which sulfur vapor entering through the boot opening 12 passes upwardly. Immediately above the distributor plate 22 is a course of brick arranged to provide an annular opening 24, this being between an outer course of brick 26 in contact with the wall of the retort and an inner course of brick 27. lmmediately above the distributor course of brick I provide a series of end feather edge refractory brick 2% so arranged as to provide a plurality of V-shaped openings 29 extending upwardly along the sidewall of the retort. To stabilize the structure, several key courses are included, as is shown in FIGURE 2. Each key course is made up of circle brick 31 and lfeather edge brick 32, the circle brick preventing the `structure from falling in.

The bottom of the retort is usually lled with metallurgical coke. To prevent this from blocking the vapor passage in the support plate, a deflector lip 33 is provided on the supporting plate 22.

In operation, the vaporized sulfur rises through the vertical V passages 29 along the wall of the retort and is heated progressively to reaction temperature. Because the sulfur in Contact with the wall is hotter than that in the inside core, it is lighter, hence there is no tendency for the sulfur in the inside core to rise. At maximum efficiency, the sulfur vapor in the V passages reaches reaction temperature at the moment of discharge from the last course of brick.

I claim:

A carbon bisulfide retort including a tubular vessel having a sulfur heating portion mounted wholly within a furnace whereby said furnace supplies heat to said sulfur heating portion, and a reaction portion directly thereover extending -above the furnace and adapted to be iilled with solid carbon pieces lfor reaction with sulfur vapor, a plate having an opening centrally thereof separating the sulfur heating portion into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, means for introducing sulfur into said lower chamber, the plate separating the lower chamber from the upper chamber having a plurality of openings near the periphery thereof, a plurality of V-shaped elements supported upon said plate and extending along the Wall of the upper chamber for substantially the entire height of said upper chamber, with the points of the V-shaped elements in contact with the wall of the vessel and with their outside extremities touching each other, whereby there is formed a series of V-shaped passages extending Ialong the wall of the upper chamber, said passages extending from said peripheral openings in the plate and terminating just under the reaction portion whereby sulfur vapor leaving said lower chamber is confined to said V-shaped passages and directed upwardly over the wall of our chamber for discharge just under said reaction portion.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 813,918 Schmitz Feb. 27, 1906 2,244,800 Pascale June 10, 1941 2,577,729 Bauer Dec. 11, 1951

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