US2777425A - Electronic control system for hydraulic motor - Google Patents

Electronic control system for hydraulic motor Download PDF

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US2777425A
US2777425A US380578A US38057853A US2777425A US 2777425 A US2777425 A US 2777425A US 380578 A US380578 A US 380578A US 38057853 A US38057853 A US 38057853A US 2777425 A US2777425 A US 2777425A
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switch
fluid
fluid motor
valve
source
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US380578A
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Cecil E Adams
Kenneth C Goodman
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American Brake Shoe Co
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American Brake Shoe Co
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/08Servomotor systems incorporating electrically operated control means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30PRESSES
    • B30BPRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/16Control arrangements for fluid-driven presses
    • B30B15/166Electrical control arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L25/00Drive, or adjustment during the operation, or distribution or expansion valves by non-mechanical means
    • F01L25/08Drive, or adjustment during the operation, or distribution or expansion valves by non-mechanical means by electric or magnetic means

Definitions

  • control mechanism for a hydraulically operated device which control mechanism will operate substantially independently or the hydraulic system of the device, in that-it will: only require "a iminilrlum'of the hydraulic power for itsoper'ation and yet it will be responsive to e'fiec't certain desiredoperations when predetermin d conditionsexist in the hydraulic system.
  • an object of this invention to provide :an electronic control systenifor a hydraulically operated device, such as a press; which system- M1! cause the ram ofthe press to advance to and exert a predetermined force on an: article disposed in its athand then be retracted to its initial'or s'ta'r'ting 'po'si ti'oi'r.
  • a further object or the invention is' to provide an elec- 'troniccontrol system for a hydrauliepre'ss'; the system having means for generatingan electrical current when the ram is advancing, h cur-rent being employed to maintain the new of responsive -'dev-i'ce which, in turn, niain't'ains the fl'oW'of hydraulic fluid to the rain untila predetermined pressure is reached after which the system ope-rates t'o tz'ausfe the ram to retract, the control system being": devoid ofressure 'switohesror an 'directconnection With the hydraulic system of the press,
  • a still further bject" or the invention isto proviiie-a hydraulic press with an eleetr'o'nic control systenr having coil through'which a magnetized element is moved by thermi to -generatean ele iic current which 'isielfl'pldyd to liee an electronic switch," such a's ia thyratron-tiib'e, in' condition to -direct a no rating current from" a source to a soierroid' valve tires holding the valvein position to direct fluid pressure from a"'SOHI e to a ptirtin the" cylinder ofthe press to-cause'the rain to contirtnei'ts advancing movement, the'c'e'ss'ati'on of rain movement, due" to reaching.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a hydraulie press or similar device with an electrical control systern having a motion sensing device which is responsive to the movement of the press ram to maintain a relay in the control system in a closed or current supplying condition so that an electro' responsive control valve for the to the press ram, the hydrauliesystern' for the press having a relief valve which by-pas'ses the fluid to the reservoir,
  • control system is" adaptable" to other types of hydraulic devices; the press shown being selected for illustrative pur oses onl
  • a ra n is projecting from the piston
  • the reversingwalve 24 iiicl'nde's a body- 30 having inlet, forward and ev se dylto135, respectively.
  • the inlet port 31 receives fluid. directly from the p essure source.
  • Valve body 30 receives a spool 'rnefr'riber which isprovi'cle'd with spacedheadsfii' and 38 so arranged to form grooves which establish cont"- 'riilinica'tion between certain of' the portslin" the body dejpending up'on the longitudinal position of the spool.
  • the ports'32- and 34 will also" be connected and fluid froni tliepressilre source'will'fiow'into the lower end of the-power cylinder to'cause' tlie'p'istoh 27 to' move in anupward or reverse direction; In so moving; the pistoir'will discharge-fluid from the upper end or the perverts lindenthrough orts 32ahd 34 totli'e reservoir.
  • a bar 41 carried by the ram will engage a collar 42 provided on an extension 43 of the valve spool and will move the valve spool, in opposition to the spring 40, to a position wherein the fluid pressure from the source will be directed into the tank port 35 from which it will flow to the reservoir 21.
  • the ram will stop in its elevated or retracted position.
  • the reversing valve is provided with a solenoid 44 for moving the spool to a further extent in opposition to the spring 40.
  • a solenoid 44 for moving the spool to a further extent in opposition to the spring 40.
  • the invention herein relates to a control mechanism for the reversible fluid motor.
  • the solenoid 44 forms a part of this control mechanism.
  • a feature of this invention is to secure a reversal of the min when a pressure, determined by .therelief valve 23, has been reached in the portions of the hydraulic system communicating with the upper end of the power cylinder; in other words, when the ram is exerting a predetermined force. It is also a feature of the invention to secure this reversal without the use of pressure switches.
  • the electrical control system, illustrated in the drawing, makes this operation possible.
  • This control system includes relay mechanisms for controlling the flow of current to the solenoid 44.
  • a plurality of sections are included in the relay mechanisms, one of the sections, designated by the numeral 45, having a field coil 46, one end of which is connected with one of the current supply lines 47 while the other is connected with line 48, this line leading to one side of a push-button switch mechanism indicated by the numeral 50.
  • the other side of this switch mechanism is connected by a line 51 with the other current supply lead 52.
  • Line 51 also contains a limit switch 53 which is disposed in the path of the bar 41 carried by the ram. When the ram is fully retracted, switch 53 will be closed to provide for current flow when the switch 50 is operated.
  • This switch may be manually actuated or actuated in any other manner depending upon the desires of the manufacturer.
  • switch 50 When switch 50 is closed while the ram is fully retracted, current flow through coil 46 will be initiated. When coil 46 is energized, it will elfect the closing of two switches controlled by the armature of the relay.
  • One of the switches, designated by the numeral 54 controls the flow of current to the solenoid 44 and, when coil 46 is energized, switch 54 will be closed to provide for the flow of current to the coil 44.
  • the control mechanism also includes an electronic switch 57 which may be of any suitable type, a thyratron tube having been found to perform the operation desired satisfactorily.
  • the motion sensing mechanism has a coil 58 stationarily supported adjacent the power cylinder and having its ends connected by lines 60 and 61 with one element in the tube 57 and with the control mechanism 62 for the tube, this control mechanism being connected with lead 52 of the power source.
  • the motion sensing mechanism also includes a permanent magnet 63 which is dis posed for movement in the coil 58 and is connected with the ram by the bar 41. When the ram moves in a for ward direction, the magnet 63 moves in the coil 58 cansing a current to be generated which is conducted to the element in the tube 57. When this element is excited in this manner, current will flow from the supply source 47,
  • the relief valve 23 When the ram meets an obstruction which will offer suflicient resistance to interrupt the movement of the ram, the relief valve 23 will open to bypass fluid from the pump directly back to the reservoir. At this time, the ram will be exerting the maximum force for which the relief valve has previously been set. Due to the interruption of the forward motion of the ram, the motion sensing mechanism 56 will cease to generate current and the tube 57 will no longer permit current to flow to the coil 64. Arm 65 will then move to a switch-open position permitting coil 46 to be de-energized. When this condition exists, switch 54 will open and solenoid 44 will be de-energized. Spring 40 will then move the valve spool to the position in which the source of fluid pressure will be directed to the lower end of the power cylinder.
  • a selector switch 67 has been included. In this position shown, switch 67 is ineffective and the initiation of a cycle of operation will be controlled solely by the switch 50. If switch 67 is moved into engagement with contact 68, the switch 67 will then be in parallel with switch 50 and, when switch 53 is closed due to the complete retraction of the ram, coil 46 will be automatically energized without the closing of switch 50 to initiate a new cycle of ram operation. These cycles will be repeated as long as contact 68 is engaged.
  • switch arm 67 is moved into engagement with contact 70 and switch 53 is then shunted out. It will be ob served that, at this time, switch 50 may be closed when desired to complete the circuit for the coil 46 and the activation of the solenoid 44. If the ram is moving in a reverse direction at this time, the spool 36 will be operated to interrupt the reverse movement and cause the ram to move in a forward direction. If the switch 50 is held in a closed position, the ram will continue to move downward liv'ivgide i.
  • sai echo-responsive means is reduced 2;
  • Control mechanism for hydraulic apparatus of the type having a reversible fluid motor with a movable element, a source of fluid-pressure and a reversing valve be i eensaid pre sure source nd'said-fl d metor eomprising electro-responsiveimeans for actuating said valve to cause the operation of said fluid motor in one direction; relay means for controlling the flow of electric energy from a source to said electro-responsive means; switch means for initially energizing said relay means to start the flow of electric energy to said electro-responsive means and the operation of said fluid motor in said one direction; and means responsive to the movement of the movable element of said fluid motor when operating in said one direction to keep said relay means energized during such operation of the motor irrespective of the condition of said switch means.
  • Control mechanism for hydraulic apparatus of the type having a reversible fluid motor with a movable element, a source of fluid pressure and a reversing valve between said pressure source and said fluid motor comprising electro-responsive means for actuating said valve to cause the operation of said fluid motor in one direction; relay means for controlling the flow of electric energy from a source to said electro-responsive means; switch means for initially energizing said relay means to start the flow of electric energy to said electro-responsive means and the operation of said fluid motor in said one direction; means responsive to the movement of the movable element of said fluid motor when operating in said one direction to keep said relay means energized during such,
  • ntrol mechanism for hydraulic apparatus of the .t'yp viiigfa reversible fluid vniotorfhaving a movable elein'ntia source of'fl dpressure land a .reversing'valve bet 1" 'essuresour'celandsaid flnid'motor com- V pensive means ,for',actuatiiig.-said valve I.
  • relay means for controlling the flow of electric energy from aiso'urce to said electro-responsive means; switch meanstor initially energizing said relay means tostart th'e'flowfo'f'eleetric energy to said electro responsive means andthe' operation of said fluid motor in said onedirec- "tion; means responsive to the'movernent of the movable element of" said fluid motor'when operating in said one direction tokeep'said relay means energized during such operation of the'motor irrespective of the condition of said switch me ns; additional switch means arranged in serieswith'saidfirst-mentioned switchmeans said additional switch means being operated in part by said fluid motorto render said'first-mentioned switch means ejfiective only a'ta predetermined stage of operation of said fluid motor; and a selectively operable switch means arranged'in'parallelwith said additional switch means.
  • Control mechanism for hydraulic apparatus of the type having a reversible fluid motor with a movable element, a source of'fluid pressure and a reversing valve between said pressure source and said fluid motor comprising electro-responsive means for actuating said valve to cause the operation of said fluid motor in one direction; relay means for controlling the flow of electric energy from a source to said electro-responsive means; switch means for initially energizing said relay means to start the flow of electric energy to said electro-responsive means and the operation of said fluid motor in said one direction; means responsive to the movement of the movable element of said fluid motor when operating in said one direction to keep said relay means energized during such operation of the motor irrespective of the condition of said switch means; additional switch means arranged in series with said first-mentioned switch means, said additional switch means being operated in part by said fluid motor to render said first-mentioned switch means efiective only at a predetermined stage of operation of said fluid motor; and a third switch means having two efiective positions, one of which
  • Control mechanism for hydraulic apparatus of the type having a reversible fluid motor with a movable element, at source of fluid pressure and a reversing valve between said pressure source and said fluid motor comprising electro-responsive means for actuating said valve to cause the operation of said fluid motor in one direction; relay means for controlling the flow of electric energy from a source to said electro-responsive means; switch means connected with said relay means and operative to initially energize said relay to start the flow of electric energy to said electro-responsivemeans and the operation of said fluid motor in said one direction; and a second electronic switch means responsive to the move- 'ment of the movable element of said fluid motor when operating in said one direction to keep said relay means energized during such operation of the motor.
  • Control mechanism for hydraulic apparatus of the type having a reversible fluid motor with a movable element, a source of fluid pressure and a reversing valve between said pressure source and said fluid motor comprising electro-responsive means for actuating said valve to cause the operation of said fluid motor in one direction; relay means for controlling the flow of electric energy from a source to said electro-responsive means; switch means connected with said relay means and perative to initially energize said relay to start the flow of electric energy to said electro-responsive means and the operation of said fluid motor in said one direction; an electronic switch means for controlling the current supply for said relay means; and means electrically connected with said electronic switch means and responsive to the movement of the movable element of said fluid motor when operating in said one direction to place said electronic switch in condition to direct current from the source to said relay means.
  • Control mechanism for hydraulic apparatus of the type having a reversible fluid motor, a source of fluid pressure and a reversing valve between said pressure source and said fluid motor comprising electro-responsive means for actuating said valve to cause the operation of said fluid motor in one direction; relay means for controlling the flow of electric energy from a source to said electroresponsive means; switch means for initially energizing said relay means to start the flow of electric energy to said electro-responsive means and the operation of said fluid motor in said one direction; an electronic switch means for controlling the current supply for said relay means; and current generating means actuated by said fluid motor to energize said electronic switch means and place the same in condition to direct current from the source to said relay means.
  • Control mechanism for hydraulic apparatus of the type having a reversible fluid motor, a source of fluid pressure and a reversing valve between said pressure source and said fluid motor comprising electro-responsive means for actuating said valve to cause the operation of i said fluid motor in one direction; relay means for controlling the flow of electric energy from a source to said electro-responsive means; switch means for initially energizing said relay means to start the flow of electric energy to said electro-responsive means and the operation of said fluid motor in said one direction; an electronic switch means for controlling the current supply for said relay means; a coil supported adjacent said fluid motor and connected in they circuit for said electronic switch means; and a magnetized element moved by said fluid motor relative to said coil to generate current therein and cause the excitation of said electronic switch means to place the same in condition to direct current from the source to said relay means.
  • areversible fluid motor having a movable element; a source of fluid pressure; a control valve mechanism between said pressure source and said motor; solenoid means for actuating said control valve mechanism to cause said motor to operate in a certain direction; a second means for actuating said control valve mechanism when said solenoid is deenergized to cause said motor to operate in a reverse direction; relay means for controlling the flow of electric energy from a source to said solenoid means; and current generating means operated by the movable element of said motor during operation in said certain direction to maintain said relay in condition to direct current to said solenoid and retain said valve mechanism in position to cause said motor to continue to operate in said certain direction, said relay interrupting current flow to said solenoid when the current generating means becomes inoperative due to the cessation of motion of the movable element of said fluid motor, said second means then operating said valve mechanism to reverse the operation of said fluid motor.

Description

Jan. 15, 1957 c. E. ADAMS ET AL 2,777,425
ELECTRONIC CONTROL SYSTEM FOR HYDRAULIC MOTOR Filed Sept. 16, 1953 O l I 3O 3 24 f? 34- Y 3 I I 25x 27] so Z O 57 M NH] fiA WJV Xx I 661 FlG.-l 11454! 45 I! i 5| as 70: ea l 7 I 52 1 41 A.C.LINE$ INVENTORIS CECIL E. ADAMS BY KENNETH QGOODMAN X MA/MWF ELECTRONIC CONTROL SYSTEM Fol:
HYDRAULIC MOTOR Cecil E. Adams and Kenneth C. Goodman, Columbus, Ohio, assignors, by mesne assignments, to American Brake Shoe Company, New York, N. Y., a corporafion of Delaware Application September 16, 1953, Serial No. 380,578
12 Claims. (Cl. 121-38) ing electrically operated or electro-responsive elements and has as an object the provision of an electronic control system by which certain desirable features of hydraulic motor operation will be secured.
It is an object of the invention to provide fluidpressure operated apparatus having an electronic control system which will cause a rain or other movable element of a fluid motor, to continue to move in a desired direction, after the motion has been initiated, until a predetermined distance has been traversed or a resistance of pr'edete'rmined force is encountered then automatically reverse and return to the starting point.
It is an object or this invention to provide control mechanism for a hydraulically operated device which control mechanism will operate substantially independently or the hydraulic system of the device, in that-it will: only require "a iminilrlum'of the hydraulic power for itsoper'ation and yet it will be responsive to e'fiec't certain desiredoperations when predetermin d conditionsexist in the hydraulic system.
More s ecifically, it is an object of this invention to provide :an electronic control systenifor a hydraulically operated device, such as a press; which system- M1!" cause the ram ofthe press to advance to and exert a predetermined force on an: article disposed in its athand then be retracted to its initial'or s'ta'r'ting 'po'si ti'oi'r.
A further object or the invention is' to provide an elec- 'troniccontrol system for a hydrauliepre'ss'; the system having means for generatingan electrical current when the ram is advancing, h cur-rent being employed to maintain the new of responsive -'dev-i'ce which, in turn, niain't'ains the fl'oW'of hydraulic fluid to the rain untila predetermined pressure is reached after which the system ope-rates t'o tz'ausfe the ram to retract, the control system being": devoid ofressure 'switohesror an 'directconnection With the hydraulic system of the press,
A still further bject" or the invention isto proviiie-a hydraulic press with an eleetr'o'nic control systenr having coil through'which a magnetized element is moved by thermi to -generatean ele iic current which 'isielfl'pldyd to liee an electronic switch," such a's ia thyratron-tiib'e, in' condition to -direct a no rating current from" a source to a soierroid' valve tires holding the valvein position to direct fluid pressure from a"'SOHI e to a ptirtin the" cylinder ofthe press to-cause'the rain to contirtnei'ts advancing movement, the'c'e'ss'ati'on of rain movement, due" to reaching. the end of its stroke or engagingan obstruction which offers sutficieht resistance to cause therelief valve rim the=liydraulic-systeni to open; serving toi discontinue the current generation and interrupt the new or current United States Patent-O 2,777,425 Patented Jan; 15, i957 to the solenoid valve permitting the same to shift to a position in which fluid pressure will be directed to a differ'ent port in the press cylinder to cause the rain to return to a starting position. i
Another object of the invention is to provide a hydraulie press or similar device with an electrical control systern having a motion sensing device which is responsive to the movement of the press ram to maintain a relay in the control system in a closed or current supplying condition so that an electro' responsive control valve for the to the press ram, the hydrauliesystern' for the press having a relief valve which by-pas'ses the fluid to the reservoir,
when the press ram meets a predetermined resistance, and permits the rain to stop moving; the motion sensing device then permits the relay to assume an open position and the control valve will shiftto a different osition to cause reverse movement of the press" ram. The effect secured bythe control is that known in the tradeas ressure reversal although pressure responsive switches or the like srenot em 1oyed.-
Further'objectsand advantages of the resent invention will be apparent from the following description, reference beinghad t0 the accom anying drawings wherein apieferre'd fornroi embodiment of the invention is' clearly Shown.
In the drawings: v Thesole figurein the drawing shows a combination diagrammatic view" or the Hydraulic apparatus and systent forming a part thereof and the electronic control system; i g
In carrying out the invention, use is made, in the form or" the invention: illustrt'tte'd; or a hydraulic ress. The control system is" adaptable" to other types of hydraulic devices; the press shown being selected for illustrative pur oses onl Thispress'includes source or fluid ressure 20' having a r-eservoir' 21-, a pum 22, and a relief valve- 2 3;-*a fluid line leading from thereservoir tothe pump, from the lat-fer to the relief valve,- and from this 'nieinber toa control valve of the" reversing t-y'pe' indicated from the relief v'alveba'ck to thereservoirto conduct fluid operating currentto" an eleet'r'oinch and tank orts 31 rrorrr the pump to the'la'tter when the relief valve opens dueto the pressure in the source increasing beyond that for which the relief valve has been adjusted.
The reversin valve 24' cone-01s the" flow" of fluid from the pressure source to areversible fluid motor, indicated generallyby the numeral 25', which, in this instance, has
been illustrated asa c linder-2s and' isten 27', a ra n is projecting from the piston, The reversingwalve 24 iiicl'nde's a body- 30 having inlet, forward and ev se dylto135, respectively. The inlet port 31 receives fluid. directly from the p essure source.
, The forward and reverse cylinder ports are connected by lines wit-l'l tire-upper and lower'ends'of the cylinder 26 while the tank ports 34 and 35 are suitably connected with the reservoir 21. Valve body 30? receives a spool 'rnefr'riber which isprovi'cle'd with spacedheadsfii' and 38 so arranged to form grooves which establish cont"- 'riilinica'tion between certain of' the portslin" the body dejpending up'on the longitudinal position of the spool. This spit-o1 is=urged in'one directionby a coil spring ift'o'cause the grooves inthe sp'ool'to establish communication between the inlet port' 31 and the reverse nioto'r port" 33.
the spool is in the position to establish this cornriiunication, the ports'32- and 34 will also" be connected and fluid froni tliepressilre source'will'fiow'into the lower end of the-power cylinder to'cause' tlie'p'istoh 27 to' move in anupward or reverse direction; In so moving; the pistoir'will discharge-fluid from the upper end or the perverts lindenthrough orts 32ahd 34 totli'e reservoir.
As the piston nears the upper end of its travel, a bar 41 carried by the ram will engage a collar 42 provided on an extension 43 of the valve spool and will move the valve spool, in opposition to the spring 40, to a position wherein the fluid pressure from the source will be directed into the tank port 35 from which it will flow to the reservoir 21. At this time, the ram will stop in its elevated or retracted position.
The reversing valve is provided with a solenoid 44 for moving the spool to a further extent in opposition to the spring 40. When the spool is moved by the solenoid, communication will be established between the inlet port 31 and the upper end of the power cylinder 26. Fluid from the pressure source will then flow to the upper end of the power cylinder and will cause the piston and the ram to advance or move in a downward direction. Fluid displaced by the piston will be exhausted from the lower end of the power cylinder through ports 33 and 35 to the reservoir 21. In the event the ram should meet an obstruction which offers sufficient resistance to prevent further movement thereof, the relief valve 23 will open to permit fluid from the pump to be by-passed back to the reservoir. At this time, the ram will be exerting the force for which the relief valve has previously been adjusted.
The invention herein relates to a control mechanism for the reversible fluid motor. The solenoid 44 forms a part of this control mechanism. As pointed out in the objects, a feature of this invention is to secure a reversal of the min when a pressure, determined by .therelief valve 23, has been reached in the portions of the hydraulic system communicating with the upper end of the power cylinder; in other words, when the ram is exerting a predetermined force. It is also a feature of the invention to secure this reversal without the use of pressure switches. The electrical control system, illustrated in the drawing, makes this operation possible.
This control system includes relay mechanisms for controlling the flow of current to the solenoid 44. A plurality of sections are included in the relay mechanisms, one of the sections, designated by the numeral 45, having a field coil 46, one end of which is connected with one of the current supply lines 47 while the other is connected with line 48, this line leading to one side of a push-button switch mechanism indicated by the numeral 50. The other side of this switch mechanism is connected by a line 51 with the other current supply lead 52. Line 51 also contains a limit switch 53 which is disposed in the path of the bar 41 carried by the ram. When the ram is fully retracted, switch 53 will be closed to provide for current flow when the switch 50 is operated. This switch may be manually actuated or actuated in any other manner depending upon the desires of the manufacturer. When switch 50 is closed while the ram is fully retracted, current flow through coil 46 will be initiated. When coil 46 is energized, it will elfect the closing of two switches controlled by the armature of the relay. One of the switches, designated by the numeral 54 controls the flow of current to the solenoid 44 and, when coil 46 is energized, switch 54 will be closed to provide for the flow of current to the coil 44. The energization of this coil causes spool 36 to move, as previously described, in opposition to the spring 40 to a position in which the inlet port 31 of the valve 24 is connected with the forward cylinder port 32 and fluid from the pressure source will be directed to the upper end of the power cylinder to cause the ram to advance. It will be obvious that initial movement of the ram will cause the bar 41 to move away from switch 53. Since this switch is of the normally open type, the movement of the bar will permit the switch to open interrupting current flow to the control switch 50. The flow of current to the relay coil 46 will not be interrupted, however, due to the provision of the relay section 55 and a motion sensitive mechanism designated generally by the numeral 56.
The control mechanism also includes an electronic switch 57 which may be of any suitable type, a thyratron tube having been found to perform the operation desired satisfactorily. The motion sensing mechanism has a coil 58 stationarily supported adjacent the power cylinder and having its ends connected by lines 60 and 61 with one element in the tube 57 and with the control mechanism 62 for the tube, this control mechanism being connected with lead 52 of the power source. The motion sensing mechanism also includes a permanent magnet 63 which is dis posed for movement in the coil 58 and is connected with the ram by the bar 41. When the ram moves in a for ward direction, the magnet 63 moves in the coil 58 cansing a current to be generated which is conducted to the element in the tube 57. When this element is excited in this manner, current will flow from the supply source 47,
52 to the field coil 64 of the second section of the relay mechanism. When coil 64 is energized, a switch arm 65 forming part of this relay will be moved to a position to close the circuit for the coil 46. In this manner, coil 46 will be energized to maintain the switch 54 in condition to continue the flow of current to the solenoid 44. It will be obvious that, as long as the ram is moving, solenoid 44 will hold the spool 36 in position to connect the upper end of the power cylinder with the source of fluid pressure. The switch including arm 65 is arranged in series with a second switch 66 forming a part of the relay mechanism 45.
When the ram meets an obstruction which will offer suflicient resistance to interrupt the movement of the ram, the relief valve 23 will open to bypass fluid from the pump directly back to the reservoir. At this time, the ram will be exerting the maximum force for which the relief valve has previously been set. Due to the interruption of the forward motion of the ram, the motion sensing mechanism 56 will cease to generate current and the tube 57 will no longer permit current to flow to the coil 64. Arm 65 will then move to a switch-open position permitting coil 46 to be de-energized. When this condition exists, switch 54 will open and solenoid 44 will be de-energized. Spring 40 will then move the valve spool to the position in which the source of fluid pressure will be directed to the lower end of the power cylinder. As previously described, the direction of fluid to this end of the power cylinder causes the ram to move upward, which motion will normally be continued until the bar 41 engages the collar 42 and shifts the valve spool to a position in which the fluid pressure source will be connected with the reservoir. The ram will then come to rest. As previously pointed out, when the .ramreaches this position, switch 53 will be closed and a new cycle of operation of the ram may again be initiated through the closing of switch 50.
In some instances, it may be desirable to cause the cycle of ram operation to be automatically repeated. To provide for this type of operation, a selector switch 67 has been included. In this position shown, switch 67 is ineffective and the initiation of a cycle of operation will be controlled solely by the switch 50. If switch 67 is moved into engagement with contact 68, the switch 67 will then be in parallel with switch 50 and, when switch 53 is closed due to the complete retraction of the ram, coil 46 will be automatically energized without the closing of switch 50 to initiate a new cycle of ram operation. These cycles will be repeated as long as contact 68 is engaged.
In some instances, it has been found desirable to cause the ram to resume forward movement prior to the completion of a cycle of operation; in other words, before the switch 53 is closed. When this form of operation is desired, the switch arm 67 is moved into engagement with contact 70 and switch 53 is then shunted out. It will be ob served that, at this time, switch 50 may be closed when desired to complete the circuit for the coil 46 and the activation of the solenoid 44. If the ram is moving in a reverse direction at this time, the spool 36 will be operated to interrupt the reverse movement and cause the ram to move in a forward direction. If the switch 50 is held in a closed position, the ram will continue to move downward liv'ivgide i. wane m int in'a new of, electrical energy to sai ll t 'cre p nsi ve m ans to. hold the same" inhcsitio il au e the" continuat n the opera ion of said flui g in a d one direction, sai i,rnbv m t'resp i iv m l 'git re uce thefi w of electrical en y sai eleg responsive means when the'movernent of the veble e men of a d'fluid motcrfceas i a d me n fQrQa'ctii 'n'g' said reversing 'valve' to cause reverse operation of said motor when the flow, of electrical"energy 1. sai echo-responsive means is reduced 2; Central mechanism fo hy au c ppa a lth' ,type" liaving' a reversible' fluid motor with a' movable e1 efnt, a unce of fluidpressure and .al eve i' i gval l bet een said pressure so r vand said'flui lmo r. cenprisingelectroiresponsive means for actua rig" said valve to cauSef'the operation of said fluid motor in one irection; relay means forfcbntrolling" the flower electric energytrom'a source to said electro-responsive means; i
and means responsive to the movement of the movable element of said-fluid motor whenoperating in said one direction to energize said relay means anddirect electric energy to said" electro-responsive means to hold said reversing-valve in position to continue'the operation of said fluid motor in said one direction;
3. Control mechanism for hydraulic apparatus of the type having a reversible fluid motor with a movable element, a source of fluid-pressure and a reversing valve be i eensaid pre sure source nd'said-fl d metor eomprising electro-responsiveimeans for actuating said valve to cause the operation of said fluid motor in one direction; relay means for controlling the flow of electric energy from a source to said electro-responsive means; switch means for initially energizing said relay means to start the flow of electric energy to said electro-responsive means and the operation of said fluid motor in said one direction; and means responsive to the movement of the movable element of said fluid motor when operating in said one direction to keep said relay means energized during such operation of the motor irrespective of the condition of said switch means.
4. Control mechanism for hydraulic apparatus of the type having a reversible fluid motor with a movable element, a source of fluid pressure and a reversing valve between said pressure source and said fluid motor comprising electro-responsive means for actuating said valve to cause the operation of said fluid motor in one direction; relay means for controlling the flow of electric energy from a source to said electro-responsive means; switch means for initially energizing said relay means to start the flow of electric energy to said electro-responsive means and the operation of said fluid motor in said one direction; means responsive to the movement of the movable element of said fluid motor when operating in said one direction to keep said relay means energized during such,
operation of the motor irrespective of the condition of said switch means; and additional switch means for n of sai f ui motor when ope at ng in aii o relate" Q then mentioned switch-meanseffective only ARM? tefniinh 5 ageof operatioiiofrsaid fluidmotor. ntrol mechanism 'for hydraulic apparatus of the .t'yp viiigfa reversible fluid vniotorfhaving a movable elein'ntia source of'fl dpressure land a .reversing'valve bet 1" 'essuresour'celandsaid flnid'motor com- V pensive means ,for',actuatiiig.-said valve I. 'cal js 'th op at in" of said fluid m'otoi in one direcel means for controlling the flow of electric energy trams source to said electro-respion'siv'e means; switch meansffor ially energizing said relay mea s to e' ow 'ojf fe'lectric'energy' to (said electroaesbonsive and "the operan ni of said fluid motor in said one ean's' responsive to-the 'movementfo'f the mavable elementjofis'aid fluid motor whenioperatinginsaid one direction to keep said relay meanslenerg'ize'd during such operation o'fthe' motorirrespect'ive of the condition of sa'idfswitch means; and additional" switch "means atranged ii'r' series with: said "first-mentioned switch means, said additional switch means' beingoperated in part by said fluid motor'to render said first-mentioned switch means'etiective'fomy at a predetermined stage of operation off said fluid motor:
' 6." Gontr'ol'mechanism for hydraulic apparatus o'f 'the type havin gia reversible fluid motor having a movable 'elemfen'ga source of fluid pressure anda reversing valve between said"'pressure source and'said fluid motor compi isingfelectro responsivemeans "for actuating said valve to 'c'a'use'the' operation of said fluid motor 'inone direction;
relay means for controlling the flow of electric energy from aiso'urce to said electro-responsive means; switch meanstor initially energizing said relay means tostart th'e'flowfo'f'eleetric energy to said electro responsive means andthe' operation of said fluid motor in said onedirec- "tion; means responsive to the'movernent of the movable element of" said fluid motor'when operating in said one direction tokeep'said relay means energized during such operation of the'motor irrespective of the condition of said switch me ns; additional switch means arranged in serieswith'saidfirst-mentioned switchmeans said additional switch means being operated in part by said fluid motorto render said'first-mentioned switch means ejfiective only a'ta predetermined stage of operation of said fluid motor; and a selectively operable switch means arranged'in'parallelwith said additional switch means.
7. Control mechanism for hydraulic apparatus of the type having a reversible fluid motor with a movable element, a source of'fluid pressure and a reversing valve between said pressure source and said fluid motor comprising electro-responsive means for actuating said valve to cause the operation of said fluid motor in one direction; relay means for controlling the flow of electric energy from a source to said electro-responsive means; switch means for initially energizing said relay means to start the flow of electric energy to said electro-responsive means and the operation of said fluid motor in said one direction; means responsive to the movement of the movable element of said fluid motor when operating in said one direction to keep said relay means energized during such operation of the motor irrespective of the condition of said switch means; additional switch means arranged in series with said first-mentioned switch means, said additional switch means being operated in part by said fluid motor to render said first-mentioned switch means efiective only at a predetermined stage of operation of said fluid motor; and a third switch means having two efiective positions, one of which places said third switch in parallel with said additional switch means and the other position placing said third switch in parallel with said firstmentioned switch means.
8. Control mechanism for hydraulic apparatus of the type having a reversible fluid motor with a movable element, at source of fluid pressure and a reversing valve between said pressure source and said fluid motor comprising electro-responsive means for actuating said valve to cause the operation of said fluid motor in one direction; relay means for controlling the flow of electric energy from a source to said electro-responsive means; switch means connected with said relay means and operative to initially energize said relay to start the flow of electric energy to said electro-responsivemeans and the operation of said fluid motor in said one direction; and a second electronic switch means responsive to the move- 'ment of the movable element of said fluid motor when operating in said one direction to keep said relay means energized during such operation of the motor.
9. Control mechanism for hydraulic apparatus of the type having a reversible fluid motor with a movable element, a source of fluid pressure and a reversing valve between said pressure source and said fluid motor comprising electro-responsive means for actuating said valve to cause the operation of said fluid motor in one direction; relay means for controlling the flow of electric energy from a source to said electro-responsive means; switch means connected with said relay means and perative to initially energize said relay to start the flow of electric energy to said electro-responsive means and the operation of said fluid motor in said one direction; an electronic switch means for controlling the current supply for said relay means; and means electrically connected with said electronic switch means and responsive to the movement of the movable element of said fluid motor when operating in said one direction to place said electronic switch in condition to direct current from the source to said relay means.
10. Control mechanism for hydraulic apparatus of the type having a reversible fluid motor, a source of fluid pressure and a reversing valve between said pressure source and said fluid motor comprising electro-responsive means for actuating said valve to cause the operation of said fluid motor in one direction; relay means for controlling the flow of electric energy from a source to said electroresponsive means; switch means for initially energizing said relay means to start the flow of electric energy to said electro-responsive means and the operation of said fluid motor in said one direction; an electronic switch means for controlling the current supply for said relay means; and current generating means actuated by said fluid motor to energize said electronic switch means and place the same in condition to direct current from the source to said relay means.
11. Control mechanism for hydraulic apparatus of the type having a reversible fluid motor, a source of fluid pressure and a reversing valve between said pressure source and said fluid motor comprising electro-responsive means for actuating said valve to cause the operation of i said fluid motor in one direction; relay means for controlling the flow of electric energy from a source to said electro-responsive means; switch means for initially energizing said relay means to start the flow of electric energy to said electro-responsive means and the operation of said fluid motor in said one direction; an electronic switch means for controlling the current supply for said relay means; a coil supported adjacent said fluid motor and connected in they circuit for said electronic switch means; and a magnetized element moved by said fluid motor relative to said coil to generate current therein and cause the excitation of said electronic switch means to place the same in condition to direct current from the source to said relay means. 7
12. In a hydraulic apparatus, areversible fluid motor having a movable element; a source of fluid pressure; a control valve mechanism between said pressure source and said motor; solenoid means for actuating said control valve mechanism to cause said motor to operate in a certain direction; a second means for actuating said control valve mechanism when said solenoid is deenergized to cause said motor to operate in a reverse direction; relay means for controlling the flow of electric energy from a source to said solenoid means; and current generating means operated by the movable element of said motor during operation in said certain direction to maintain said relay in condition to direct current to said solenoid and retain said valve mechanism in position to cause said motor to continue to operate in said certain direction, said relay interrupting current flow to said solenoid when the current generating means becomes inoperative due to the cessation of motion of the movable element of said fluid motor, said second means then operating said valve mechanism to reverse the operation of said fluid motor.
References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,927,583 Ernst Sept. 19, 1933 2,423,446 Grant July 8, 1947 2,451,263 Webb Oct. 12, 1948 FOREIGN PATENTS 421,029 Germany Nov. 4, 1925
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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2931388A (en) * 1953-12-30 1960-04-05 American Brake Shoe Co Electro hydraulic control mechanism
US2943335A (en) * 1956-03-13 1960-07-05 American Cast Iron Pipe Co Electrically operated pneumatic apparatus for automatically assembling nuts and bolts
US2991758A (en) * 1957-10-11 1961-07-11 Charmilles Sa Ateliers Hydraulic servo-mechanism with electric control
US3071116A (en) * 1959-12-14 1963-01-01 Martonair Ltd Pneumatic hammer
US3149536A (en) * 1960-03-17 1964-09-22 Horton Automatics Inc Automatic sliding panel operators
US3158345A (en) * 1961-09-19 1964-11-24 American Brake Shoe Co Railway switch actuating mechanism
US3248985A (en) * 1964-05-28 1966-05-03 United Shoe Machinery Corp Stall releases for presses
US3326087A (en) * 1963-03-01 1967-06-20 Teves Kg Alfred Hydraulic control system
US4733568A (en) * 1985-09-09 1988-03-29 Robert Koopmans Borehole dilatometer intensifier
US4760741A (en) * 1986-02-03 1988-08-02 Robert Koopmans Borehole dilatometer with intensifier

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE421019C (en) * 1921-12-31 1925-11-05 Geidner Metallwaren Wilhelm Slotted spindle with end plug for handling yarn spools (cross, sun or flyer bobbins) with circulating liquids or gases for dyeing and bleaching purposes
US1927583A (en) * 1930-09-15 1933-09-19 Hydraulic Press Mfg Co Hydraulic motor control means
US2423446A (en) * 1942-08-14 1947-07-08 Specialties Dev Corp Apparatus for controlling gun chargers
US2451263A (en) * 1947-07-03 1948-10-12 Gen Electric Power boost control system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE421019C (en) * 1921-12-31 1925-11-05 Geidner Metallwaren Wilhelm Slotted spindle with end plug for handling yarn spools (cross, sun or flyer bobbins) with circulating liquids or gases for dyeing and bleaching purposes
US1927583A (en) * 1930-09-15 1933-09-19 Hydraulic Press Mfg Co Hydraulic motor control means
US2423446A (en) * 1942-08-14 1947-07-08 Specialties Dev Corp Apparatus for controlling gun chargers
US2451263A (en) * 1947-07-03 1948-10-12 Gen Electric Power boost control system

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2931388A (en) * 1953-12-30 1960-04-05 American Brake Shoe Co Electro hydraulic control mechanism
US2943335A (en) * 1956-03-13 1960-07-05 American Cast Iron Pipe Co Electrically operated pneumatic apparatus for automatically assembling nuts and bolts
US2991758A (en) * 1957-10-11 1961-07-11 Charmilles Sa Ateliers Hydraulic servo-mechanism with electric control
US3071116A (en) * 1959-12-14 1963-01-01 Martonair Ltd Pneumatic hammer
US3149536A (en) * 1960-03-17 1964-09-22 Horton Automatics Inc Automatic sliding panel operators
US3158345A (en) * 1961-09-19 1964-11-24 American Brake Shoe Co Railway switch actuating mechanism
US3326087A (en) * 1963-03-01 1967-06-20 Teves Kg Alfred Hydraulic control system
US3248985A (en) * 1964-05-28 1966-05-03 United Shoe Machinery Corp Stall releases for presses
US4733568A (en) * 1985-09-09 1988-03-29 Robert Koopmans Borehole dilatometer intensifier
US4760741A (en) * 1986-02-03 1988-08-02 Robert Koopmans Borehole dilatometer with intensifier

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