US2647799A - Deflector vane structure for spray nozzles - Google Patents

Description

S. P. KINNEY DEFLECTOR VANE STRUCTURE FOR SPRY NOZZLES Filed Nov. 23, 1949 2 Sheets-Sheet l JNVEN'ToR. E P. KINNEY.

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ATTORNEYS.

SELWYN Aug. 4, 1953 s. P. KINNEY DEFLECTOR VANE STRUCTURE FOR SPRAY NOZZLES Filed NOV. 23, 1949 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS.

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SELWYNE P. KINNEY.

Patented Aug. 4, 1953 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE DEFLECTOR VAN E STRUCTURE FOR SPRAY NOZZLES Selwyne P. Kinney, Grafton, Pa., assignor to S. P.

Kinney Engineers, Inc., Pittsburgh, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Application November 23, 1949, Serial No. 129,083

This invention relates, as indicated, to a spray nozzle, and more particularly, to improvements in the spray producing or deflecting elements used in spray nozzles.

The spray nozzles with which this invention is primarily concerned are of a type commonly employed in gas washing apparatus such as employed'for cleaning blast furnace gas. The spray discharged from nozzles of this type must be in 9 Claims. (Cl. 299-120) cloggage of the nozzle. The provision of the openings in the deflector plates resulted in sharp edges on which it was found that dirt had a tendency to collect. It was found that dirt in the water being fed to the nozzle would build up on these sharp edges in such manner that cloggage of the nozzle would sometimes take place.

One of the objects of this invention is to provide improvements in spray forming elements the form of a solid cone. For this purpose, 10 of the character referred to which will be effecnozzles having special arrangements of spray tive to eliminate sharp edges in the provision producing elements therein are employed. One openings extending by the spray forming elesatisfactory form of such nozzle comprises a ments. cylindrical structure havingacircular inlet open- A further object of the invention is to proing at one end with a tapered portion terminatvide spray forming elements of the character reing in a spray discharge orifice of reduced diferred to with auxiliary delector elements for inameter at the other end, and in order that the creasing the diameter of the solid cone of spray spray emerging from the orifice will be in the emerging from the nozzle orifice. form of a solid cone, spray producing elements A still further object of the invention is to proare provided in the path of the water flowing vide inclined deflector elements of the character to the discharge orifice through the cylindrical referred to with auxiliary deflectcr elements chamber within the nozzle. In the nozzle remounted thereon in a position angularly inclined ferred to, the spray producing elements are in with respect thereto. the form of substantially semi-circular plates Another object of the invention is to provide arranged angularly inclined relative to each other a spray nozzle with improved spray forming dein the cylindrical chamber and are so positioned flector elements which are operative to provide that one of the plates is in the path of the water a continuous self-flushing action for reducing the owing through one half of the chamber, and tendency of dirt to collect on the deilector elethe other of the plates is in the path of the ments. water owing through the other half of the Other objects and advantages of the invention chamber. In this manner, the water striking will become apparent from the following descripeither one of the plates must flow underneath tion. the other of the plates in order to continue its In the drawings there is shown a preferred emtravel through the chamber. This action imparts bodiment of the invention together with modia swirling turbulent motion to the water flowing fications thereof. In this showing: through the nozzle chamber and results in spray Fig. 1 is a sectional view taken in a plane exemerging from the nozzle orifice in the form of a tending longitudinally and centrally of a nozzle solid cone. provided with spray forming elements therein In the earlier forms of nozzles using a pair of constructed in accordance with the principles of semi-circular angularly inclined deflecting plates this invention; as described above, the semi-circular plates were Fig. 2 is an enlarged top plan view of the deso arranged that their straight or diametrical ector elements shown in the nozzle of Fig. 1 edges were positioned in a common plane diawith the mounting shaft forming a part thereof metral to the nozzle axis. In a later form of broken away; nozzle, the semi-circular plates had notches cut Fig. 3 is a front elevational view of the deflectin their edges so as to provide unobstructed ing element shown in Fig. 2; openings of limited cross sectional area through Fig. 4 is a side elevational view of the strucwhich a column of water might flow unimpeded ture shown in Figs. 2 and 3 looking from the by the spray producing deflecting plates. The right of Fig. 3; provision of these openings was found to increase Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a nozzle illustrating the diameter of the solid cone of spray emerging a modified form of spray forming element mountfrom the nozzle orifice. Although this struced therein; ture' resulted in an improvement from the stand- Figs. 6, 7, and 8 respectively are plan front point of the spray pattern produced, it introand side views of a modif-led form of deflecting` duced a disadvantage from the standpoint of and spray producing elements; and

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 5 illustrating spray forming elements of the type shown in Figs. 6, 7 and 8 mounted therein.

In Fig. 1 of the drawings, there is shown a spray nozzle provided with mechanism for effecting a ushing operation of the spray producing elements. The flushing structure illustrated forms no part perse of this invention, but forms the basis of copending application Serial No. 127,216, led November 14, 1949, now Patent No. 2,588,247, in the names of Selwyne P. Kinney,

Cornelius J. Garrigan, and Ward W; Clarke, and

to which application reference is hereby made.v This apparatus, generally speaking, comprises a nozzle I having a collar 2 by which it is connected to a housing 3. The housing 3 provides a chamber 4 which is in communication with a supply conduit 5, the axis of the conduit 5- intersecting at an angle with the axes of the nozzle; I, The nozzle I is provided with a cylindrical body portion 6 connected by a conical section 'i at its lowerend to a cylindrical element 8 of reduced diameter providing a circular orifice S. In order that water flowing downwardly through the nozzle I will emerge from the orifice 9 in a solid cone of spray, reversely inclined vdeilector elementsV I@ and II are provided Within the cylindrical chamber S, The deiiector elements ID and II :are plates, semi-circular in shape, and are reversely angularly inclined relatively to each otheras illustrated. The inclination of the elements I8 and Il isV downwardly as viewed in the drawings and in the direction of the flow of water through the nozzle. The deflector elements I and I I are secured to a rod I2 by which they may be moved to and from their operative position shown in solid lines tov aushing position as illustrated by the dotted lines'. When the deector elements lland I I are moved tothe position shown in dotted lines, theyv will be subjected directly to a flushing action bythe water flowing through the conduit 5. This water will impinge directly upon the elements, III; and II,to perform the necessary ilushingw action. The flushing action is accomplishedby reasonr of the fact that the direction of movementofthe-water over the elements i and 4I changes `when they are moved to a flushing position in the flushing chamber d, in which position the water will knock off any dirt which may havecollected on the elements. The dirt flushed from the surfaces of the elements I0 and II will flowl down'wardly-y through the chamber 6 since there will be nothing in the chamber to interfere with the movement of the water and dirtvtherethrough.

In order to move the deecting elements i9 and II to their flushing position, the upper end ofthe rod I2 is extended through a stufng box I3 and is provided with a threaded connection to an" actuating member I4. The actuating member I4 has a pin and slot connection I5 to a `rbell crankv lever I6 which is rocked back and forth by an actuating rod Il in` order to move the rod i2 and the deecting elements I and II carried thereby to and from a flushingY position.'

As pointed out above, the structure comprising the angularly arrangedy supply conduit 5, the flushing chamber 4, and the mechanism for moving the delecting elements I and Il to and from a ilushing position inthe Ichamber, llvforms nov part per se of this invention, lIfhis `flushing structure comprises an invention covered by the above-mentioned copending application.

"'Ihe present invention is` vconcerned primarily I with the structurepfthe spray ypioducin g (ele ments in the cylindrical chamber 5 of the nozzle I. Generally speaking, the invention comprises the addition of auxiliary deecting elements 2i! and 2l to the elements Il] and II. In operation, water flowing downwardly through the nozzle I will strike the upper surface of the plate Il, and to continue its path through. the nozzle. it must flow laterally, to a positionv under the, deflector element I0. In like manner, water striking the upper surface of the deilector element Ill must ow laterally to a position under the deflector element II. The water flowing under the deilector element I0 is given a further kick or deecting action by the auxiliary defiecting element. 2i), In asimilar manner, the water flowing under the deflecting element Il is given a further deiiecting action or lkick by the auxiliary deflector element 2l. The additional deecting actions` imparted by the auxiliary deflector elements 20 and 2| have been found effective to increase the diameter of the coneof spray emergingfrom the nozzle 9.. l

An understanding of thespray forming structureillustrated in the nozzle I, of l will be best had, by referring tothe showingl of Figs. 2, Sande in which there isiillustrated a preferred embodiment ofthe spray forming structure. From this showing, it Will be noted that the parallel straight edges22 and, 23 of the deilector lelements IIB and II face each other and are spaced apart rather than being positionedV upperedges of the surfaces 2r2 and23 into the space between ysuch surfaces.

The auxiliarydeilecting elements ZILand 2l each have a similar partial segmental shape.. The partial segmental shapeof theauxiliaryelement 2| extends from thev line 2,3, to the circular edge of the element HL Thismpartial segmental shape has an integral armA 24 by whichv it is secured tothe upper surface of the deflector element II. The` other boundary. of the auxiliary deflector element 2i is formed byitsehord 25 which extends to a position adjacentthe mounting rod I2. The bottom ofV thedeflector element 2| is flattened as at 26, theriiat area terminating alongthey chord 2l. The area, 26 is madei'lat so `that it may rest againsttheiedge k2s4 within the nozzle I. In like manner, the auxiliary deflector element 2i)Y has an integral arm 29l by which itl is secured to the yupper surface of the,

deector-element Il), and has a partialk segmental shape extending lfrom the edge 22 of the plate ID to thecircular edge of the delector element I I. The partial segmental shape of the deflector element 20 isfurther dened by the chord 38,

and it further has a flat surface 3l terminating in the chord 32.*- The auxiliary deilector elements 2U Yand 2I are preferably formed integral With,their connected .deflecting elements i 0 and II by a` casting` operation. rIhecircular edges ofgall, ofthe dellector elementsare nat spirals for tting snugly Within a cylindrical surface.

Inoperation, water striking thefplates I0 and II will ow downwardly over the .upper .surfaces of such. plates and thence laterally over the 1129er. Seriate?. `f the @fiador-, elements 201 and 2|. In moving by the deector plates 20 and 2|, the water will be given an additional swirling impulse and the turbulence imparted to the water flowing through the chamber B will be increased. Consequently, the diameter of the cone of spray emerging from the nozzle 9 will be increased. Moreover, water tending to ow through the space between the edges 22 and 23 will strike and be deected by the upper surfaces of the auxiliary deector elements and 2|.

In the preferred practice of the invention, the deector elements I0 and are mounted in positions reversely inclined at an angle of to a plane perpendicular to the axis of the nozzle or shaft I2. The auxiliary deiiector elements 20 and 2| are mounted parallel to the deflector y elements I0 or under which they are respectively positioned, and the deflector elements 2|) and 2| will thus also be inclined at an angle of 30 to a plane perpendicular to the axis of the nozzle I. Although there is nothing particularly critical about the relative angles of the deflector elements I0, 2|] and 2|, it has been found that an angle of substantially 30 as mentioned provides very satisfactory results in service.

Although the spray forming structure illustrated in Figs. 2, 3 and 4 has been shown mounted on an actuating rod I2 for mounting in a nozzle I to be connected to flushing mechanism of the type described in the above-mentioned copending application, it will be understood that the spray forming elements may be mounted permanently in a nozzle for connection to a water supply conduit in the conventional manner. .For example, there is shown in Fig. 9 a conventional type nozzle having internal threads 36 at its water inlet and for connection to a water supply conduit. The nozzle 35 is in other respects identical to the nozzle I, and has mounted therein spray producing structure identical to that shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4, and in which like parts have been designated by like numerals. The only diierence in the spray forming structure lies in the omission of the mounting rod I2 for which a connecting member of generally diamond shape 3l is provided between the elements I 0 and for spacing their surfaces 22 and 2.3 apart.

The modified nozzle structure illustrated in Fig. 5 is generally similar to that shown in Fig. 9 and like numerals have been employed to designate like parts. The only difference lies `in the fact that the auxiliary deflector elements 2|] and 2| have been moved up into positions closer to the main deector elements I0 and Il to which they are parallel. By moving the auxiliary deflector elements 2|) and 2| closer to the main deflector elements |0 and |I, the arms 24 and 29 by which they are secured respectively to the upper surface of the main deflector elements Ill and move upwardly on such upper surfaces to provide notches l38 and 39 therebetween.

The showings of Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are respectively similar to the showings of Figs. 2, 3 and 4, and parts providing similar operations which are formed in a similar manner have been designated by like numerals. In this showing, the parts I0 and are shown connected together by a diamond shaped -connecting member 31 in place of the rod I2 of Figs. 2f, 3 and 4. The main difference in the two showings is that the structure of Figs. 6, 7 and 8 has been illustrated as it will be constructed for a nozzle of relatively larger diameter than the nozzle in which the` spray producing structure of Figs. 2, 3 and 4 6 will be mounted. In other words. the auxiliary deiiector elements 2|) and 2| are made relatively smaller with respect to the size of the main deflector elements I0 and |I so that their chord edges 25 and 3|! are spaced a greater distance apart. By reason of the spacing of the chord boundaries 25 and 3G, there is provided a rectangular space between the chord lines 25 and 36 and the deflector element edges 22 and 23 through which water may ow unobstructed by any of the defiectol` elements, the only obstruction in this area being the connector elements 31 which divide the rectangular space into two rectangular spaces 42 and 43. The construction of the spray producing elements with rectangular openings 42 and 43 has been found to increase the size of the cone of spray which will emerge from the nozzle orifice 9.

Attention is directed to the fact that the provision of the auxiliary deflecting elements 20 and 2| provides plural pairs of deiiecting elements, each of the elements I0 and cooperating with an auxiliary element 20 or 2| to provide a spaced pair of elements. In each of these pairs, the upper surface of the auxiliary element is parallel to the upper surface of the main deflecting element under which it is positioned. It will also be noted that the spaces between the elements of each pair are in connecting relation with each other and cooperate to form a passageway. By reason of the angular and reverse inclination of the elements of each pair, such passageway is a tortuous one which imparts a turbulent condition to the water flowing therethrough.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that the provision of the auxiliary deector elements 20 and 2| on the main deflector elements I0 and is effective to provide improved nozzle performance in the production of a solid cone spray from the standpoint of increasing the diameter of the cone. Attention is particularly invited to the fact that the provision of the auxiliary deflector elements 20 and 2| enables the main deflector elements I0 and l| to be mounted in positions with their edges 22 and 23 spaced from each other. This feature enables the provision of an unobstructed path through the deector elements through which a slug of water may flow to increase the diameter of the cone of spray being produced. These unobstructed openings such as at 42 and 43, are provided without the necessity of forming notches in the edges 22 and 23 thereby eliminating the formation of sharp corners along such edges which would be otherwise effective to collect dirt and result in eventual clogging of the nozzle. The structure of the deecting elements of this invention is thus effective to reduce the tendency for dirt to collect in the nozzle. Moreover, the general arrangement of the deflecting elements of this invention, particularly with respect to the provision of space between the edges 22 and 23 and the provision of the auxiliary elements, is operative to cause the water to move through the nozzle in such manner that it continuously performs a flushing action on the surface of the deflector elements. This self-flushing or cleaning action minimizes the tendency of dirt to collect within the nozzle and thereby the possibility of eventual clogging of the nozzle.

While I have illustrated and described one specic embodiment of my invention, it will be understood that this is merely by way of illustration, and that various changes and modifications may be made therein within the contemv'plaiior'i 'of rny linvention and under the scope of the following claims.

I claim:

1. A spray device comprising a pair of substantially semi-circular denector plates in reversely inclined positions relative to and opposite each other, and auxiliary deector elements respectively secured to one of said plates and having portions extending laterally therefrom to a position under another one of said plates, the extended portions of said deflector elements being substantially parallel to the deiiecto'r plate vunder which they extend.

2. A spray device comprising a pair of substantially semi-circular deflector plates in reversely inclined-positions relative to and opposite each other, and auxiliary deflector eleinents Vrespectively secured to one of said plates and having portions extending laterally therefrom to a position under another one of said plates, each of said deiiector elements having an upper surface substantially 'parallel to the deflector plate under which its extended portion is positioned.

3. A spray device comprising la pair of substantially semi-circular deector `plates in reversely inclined positions relative to and opposite yeach other, said plates having edges Aforming chords which 'are in parallel and facing relation, and an auxiliary denector element under each of said deector plates, said chord edges lbeing spaced from each to provide a narrow space through which Water may flow unimp'eded by said deector plates.

4. A spray device comprising a pair of substantially semi-circular deector plates in reversely inclined positions relative to and opposite each other, said plates having edges forming chords which are in parallel and facing relation, and an auxiliary denector element under each or said 'dei-lector plates, said chord edges being spaced from each to provide a narrow space through which water may now unimpeded by said deiiector plates, said auxiliary denector elements being in positions operative to deiiect water nowing through saidnarrow space.

5. A spray nozzle comprising a cylindrical chamber having a water inlet opening at one end and a spray discharge orice at its other end, and spray forming apparatus in said chamber comprising a pair of substantially semi-circular deiiector plates in positions opposite each other and reversely and angularly inclined relative to the axis of said chamber, said plates having parallel chord edges facing toward and spaced from each to provide a rectangular space through which Water may now unimpeded by said plates, and auxiliary dei-lector elements respectively secured to each of said plates and having portions extending under the other said plates, each of Vsaid dei'iector elements having an upper surface facing `said inlet opening substantially parallel to the plate under which it extends.

6. In a spray nozzle having a cylindrical chamber and a discharge orice, a spray control structure comprising a pair of semi-circular main deflector vanes respectively positioned in opposite halves of said Vchamber and in reversely inclined positions relative to the axis of said cylinder, and `fneans for 4providing an enlarged diameter of the lspray emerging from said orifice comprising a pair of auxiliary deflector vanes, each of said main dei-lector vanes having one of said auxiliary vanes secured to the outer end thereof which is adjacent said nozzle and having a portion extending laterally therefrom to a position under the other of said main vanes.

7. In a spray nozzle having a cylindrical charnber and a'dischargeorice, aspraycontrol structure comprising a pair of semi-circular main deflector vanes respectivelypositioned in opposite halves of Vsaid chamber and in reversely inclined positions relative to the axis of said cylinder, said vanes having chord-like edges positioned respectively in spaced 'parallel planes to thereby provide 'an unobstructed opening extending axially of the nozzle through which water may now unirnpeded by said vanes, and means for providing an enlarged diameter of the spray emerging :from said orifice comprising a pair of auxiliary delector vanes, each of said main deiiectoivanes having one of 'said auxiliary vanes secured to 'the outer end thereof which is adjacent said 'nozzle and having a portion extending Vlaterally therefrom to a position under the other of said main vanes.

8. A spray device comprising `a pair of main deflector vanes in reversely inclined positions relative lto and opposite each other and respectively having their outer ends spaced from each other, the outer end of each of said main vanes having an auxiliary deflector vane secured thereto and providing a vane portion extending laterally therefrom to a position under and being substantially parallel to the other of said main vanes.

9. A spray device comprising a pair oi main deriector vanes in reversely inclined positions relativ-e -to and opposite each other and respectively having their outer ends spaced from each other, the outer vend of each of said main vanes having an auxiliary defiector vane secured thereto and lproviding a vane portion extending -latvera-lly therefrom vto a position under and being substantially parallel to the other of said main vanes, said inain deflector vanes having adjacent edgesspacedffromeach other to provide a narrow space extending axially of said spray device which is unobstructed by said deiiector vanes.

SELWYNE P. KINNEY.

References VCited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 735,287 Nevendorff Aug. 4, 1903 1,205,563 Pepper Nov. 21, 1916 1,282,175 Binks Oct` 22, 1918 1,282,176 Binks Oct. 22, V1918 1,310,687 Binks July 22, 1919 A1,3.2f1,579 Binks Dec. 9, 1919 1,380,834 Parker et al June 7, 1921 2,305.210 Wahlin Dec. 15, 1942

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