US2519531A - Ejector apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 22,1950 G. A. WQRN 2,519,531

' EJECTOR APPARATUS Filed July 21, 1945 ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 22, 1950 UNITED EJECTOR APPARATUS George A. Worn, Greenwich, Conn., assignor to The Lummus Company, New York, N. Y., a cor-- porationof Delaware Application July 21, 1945, Serial No. 606,439

3 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in gas ejector apparatus. I

An important object of the invention is to provide improved ejector apparatus having provision for conducting combustion, for employment of hot gaseous products of the combustion as motive fluid for the ejector and also for employment of the combustion products to operate a compressor for supplying gas to support the combustion.

Other objects of the invention will appear from the following description and the accompanying drawing:

In the drawing, I I V Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of an ejector apparatus embodying the\invention; and Y Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing a modified form of the apparatus.

The ejector apparatus shown in Fig. 1 includes a tubular member I which forms a relatively small combustion chamber. At one end thereof, this'chamber bears a jet nozzle 2 defining a restricted discharge port for the chamber. A burner 3 for fluid fuel is mounted within the chamber and is supplied with fuel througha pipe 4. The burner is directed axially of the combustion chamber and toward the discharge nozzle 2. Any suitable means may be employed for igniting the fuel at the burner, a spark plug 5 being indicated for that purpose in the present instance.

A casing t forming a gas chest surrounds the turbine type, through coupled shafts 2|.

. compressor I2a has an air inlet I3 at one end elbow union I], to one end of a tubular combustion chamber I8 having a fluid fuel burner jet nozzle 2 and has an inlet nozzle 1 at its underv side. A pipe 8 is connected to the chest nozzle 1 for flow of air or other gas to the chest. An entrainment nozzle or diffuser 9 is mounted in axial alignment with the jet nozzle to receive the jet discharged from the latter. In the present instance, the entrainment nozzle is of the Venturi type, being flared from a medial point outwardly to its opposite ends. Its form may be varied, however. The receiving end of the diffuser projects into the chest 6 through an aperture in the latter and has a flange III secured in sealed connection with the chest, around said aperture. Similarly, the jet nozzle 2 and the adjacent end portion of the combustion chamber I project into the chest through an opposite aperture in the chest, and the chamber I has a flange I I secured in sealed connection with the chest around said aperture.

'Alr under pressure, together with gaseous products of combustion, is supplied to the combustion chamber I by means of a compressor I2a. In the present instance, the compressor is of a turbine type and it is driven by a motor 20 of a gas I9 mounted therein and directed toward the opposite end of the chamber. Said opposite end of the chamber is in delivery connection with the inlet of the power turbine 20, and the outlet of the power turbine is in delivery connection with the combustion chamber I through a pipe I5 and an elbow connection I6. Thereby, an air delivery path is established from the compressor to the combustion chamber I. The burner I9 within the combustion chamber I8 leading from the compressor is supplied with fluid fuel through a pipe I9a. A spark plug 50. is indicated for igniting the fuel at the. burner.

Combustion at the burner I9 energizes the air within the chamber I8, and the hot air and products of combustion pass to the turbine 20 and operate it to drive the compressor I2a and then pass to the combustion chamber I of the ejector. The air so supplied supports combustion within the chamber I and the compressor is operated to deliver air in amount in excess of that required for combustion so that the excess air, together with the gaseous products of combustion will serve as the motive fluid of the ejector. The propulsive force of the airw ill be greatly increased by the combustion heat so that a powerful jet of the motive fluid will be discharged through the nozzle 2 and the diffuser 9. The jet will entrain air or other gaseous media within the chest and the pipe 8 and discharge it through the difiuser. The pipe 8 may lead from a confined zone and the ejector may be employed for evacuation of gaseous media or for other purposes.

Fig. 2 shows a modification of the means for supplying motive fluid to the ejector. A chamber 22 is substituted for the combustion chamber I of Fig. 1 and bears the nozzle 2. Within its outer end, the chamber 22 has a gas power turbine 23. An air compressor I2 has its outlet in delivery connection, through an elbow union 24, with one end of a tubular combustion chamber 25. A burner 26 is mounted within the chamber 25 adjacent said end and directed toward the opposite end of the chamber, and the chamber is in delivery connection at said opposite end thereof with the inlet of the turbine 23.

In the operation of the apparatus shown in Fig. 2, combustion within the chamber 25 of The fluid fuel supplied through a pipe 26a to the burner 26 energizes the air; and the hot air and products of combustion operate the turbine 23 which, in turn, drives the compressor I2 through coupled shafts 21. After passing through the turbine 23 the hot air and combustion products are discharged from the chamber 22, through the nozzle 2 and form the motive fluid jet.

In both of the disclosed forms of the invention both the supply and the energization of the motive fluid are accomplished in a simple manner solely by combustion of fuel within the apparatus itself; no extraneous equipment is needed for generating and supplying the motive fluid.

Thereby, substantial economy in equipment,

operation and servicing is obtained.

While two satisfactory embodiments 'of the invention are disclosed, the apparatus is susceptible of further modification of details. It will be understood therefore, that the disclosure is merely illustrative and in nowise limiting and that the invention comprehends such modifications as will fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. Ejector apparatus comprising a diffuser, a constantly open jet nozzle disposed adjacent one end of said diffuser to discharge a jet of motive fluid into the difiuser, conduit means constructed and arranged to conduct to said end of the diffuser fluid to be entrained and exclude entry of other fluid, a combustion chamber from which said jet nozzle opens directly, a burner for fluid fuel within said chamber, a conduit for supplying combustion-supporting gas tosaid chamber, a compressor connected to said conduit to force said gas therethrough, a burner for fluid fuel disposed for combustion within said conduit at a point between said compressor and said chamber, a turbine connected to said conduit at a point between the second-mentioned burner and said chamber and adapted to be driven by gas flow through the conduit, and an operative connection between said turbine and said compressor for driving the latter to supply the combustion chamber with said gas for continuous combustion and continuous discharge of the hot gaseous contents of the chamber through said jet nozzle as the motive fluid.

2. Ejector apparatus comprising a diffuser, a constantly open jet nozzle disposed adjacent one end of the diffuser to discharge a jet of motive fluid into the diffuser and entrain an- 66 other fluid, a combustion chamber from which said jet nozzle opens directly, a burner for fluid fuel within said chamber, a conduit for supplying combustion-supporting gas to said chamber, a compressor connected to said conduit to force said gas therethrough, a burner for fluid fuel disposed for combustion within said conduit at a point between said compressor and said chamber, a turbine connected to said conduit at a point between the second-mentioned burner and said chamber and adapted to be driven by gas flow through the conduit, and an operativ connection between said turbine and said compressor for driving the latter to supply the combustion chamber with said gas for continuous combustion and continuous discharge of the hot gaseous contents of the chamber through said jet nozzle as the motive fluid.

3. Ejector apparatus comprising a diffuser, a constantly open ejector nozzle disposed adjacent one end of said diffuser to discharge a jet of motive fluid into the diffuser and entrain another fluid, a conduit in gas delivery connection with said nozzle, a compressor connected to said conduit to deliver combustion-supporting gas thereto and force gas through the conduit, a burner for fluid fuel disposed for combustion within said conduit at a point between said compressor and the jet nozzle, a turbine connected to said conduit at a point between said combustion point and the jet nozzle and adapted to be driven by gas flow through the conduit, and an operative connection between said turbine and said compressor for driving the latter to supply the conduit with combustion-supporting gas at said combustion point and cause a continuous delivery of hot gas through the conduit to the jet nozzle and continuous discharge Of the hot gas therefrom as the motive fluid.

GEORGE A. WORN.

file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 692,741 Wallmann Feb. 4, 1902 1,375,601 Marize Apr. 19, 1921 1,447,103 Schmidt Feb. 27, 1923 2,357,625 Armbruster' Sept. 5, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 521,143 Great Britain May 14, 1940

Images