US2394606A - Automatic feed mechanism for loading ordnance, tools, and the like - Google Patents

Automatic feed mechanism for loading ordnance, tools, and the like Download PDF

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US2394606A
US2394606A US476240A US47624043A US2394606A US 2394606 A US2394606 A US 2394606A US 476240 A US476240 A US 476240A US 47624043 A US47624043 A US 47624043A US 2394606 A US2394606 A US 2394606A
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Prior art keywords
magazine
follower
spring
shaft
disk
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US476240A
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Gazda Antoine
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41AFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/61Magazines
    • F41A9/64Magazines for unbelted ammunition
    • F41A9/73Drum magazines

Definitions

  • IA well-knowntype-of automatic feed mecha- :nism particularly useful for loading .firearms withammunition, consists essentiallyofa magazine adapted to be mountedon the firearm to be fed, and spring-actuated means comprising a pusher or follower adapted, under the influence of the spring, to. move the" ammunition through a'spiral path in the magazine'and discharging into'the firearms.
  • the said type of feed mechanism involves a-clutch mechanism whereby the spring and follower may be connected and disconnectedat will.
  • the'actuatingspring aswell'as the means whereby the spring and follower-may be releasably coupled are housed within the bounds of the magazine proper so that theefiective capacity of the magazine is commensurately reduced. Moreoven'while it is possible to dis- ,charge all the ammunition'from the magazine proper of the known mechanism, no means is providedfor discharging the last two or three cartridges from the, mouthpiece or ejecting slot of the'magazine," and the result of this is further to reduce the effective capacity of the device.
  • a primary object of the present invention is the obviation of the disadvantages. of the prior construction of the aforedescribed type.
  • a further object of the invention is the provision of a novel relationship of parts wherein maximum advantage ma be'taken of the holding capacity of the magazine proper.
  • the parts are so constructed and arranged as to remove the follower-actuating spring means as well as the means for con- 'pling and uncoupling the saidspring means and follower from within the bounds of the magazine proper.
  • 'Still'another object of the invention is the provision; in a device-of. the character described, of-means wherebycomplete evacuation of the magazine and discharge mouthpiece may be effected, "thus making it possible actually to realize the full capacity of the magazine.
  • Fig. "2 is asectional-view taken along line 2-2 of Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 33 of'Fig; l;
  • Fig.j4 is a fragmentary view, on an enlarged scale, of'the meansfor coupling and uncoupling the spring and follower of the device;
  • Fig. 5 is a fragmentary sectional-view, on an enlarged scaie and with parts in elevation, of one form of magazine follower;
  • Fig. 6 is aj'fragmentary sectional view, on*an enlargedv scale: and with parts in elevation, of asecond' formof magazine, follower according to this invention.
  • referenceinumeral'l designates a magazine casing provided .with a spiral ledge 2 extending 'fromone wall thereof to a point just short of the opposite ,wall, thus defining a fixed spiral Channel '3 terminates inavmouthpiece or ejecting slot 5 which cooperates with-a suitable inlet on firearm 6 on which the automatic cartridge feedingdevice may be mounted in the usual manner.
  • Rotatablymounted'substantially centrally of the magazine casing I is'ahollow shaft? which, asqshown :more particularly in Fig. 1, extends onone side ,to-aconsiderable distance beyond the, casing and is provided-with' a crankz8 which is pref erably-removably mounted on the square enlargement Ella-of sleeve it.
  • Coil spring I4 is interposed between stud end 9 and sleeve I3, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4, and normally urges the coupling parts I and I3 into interengagement.
  • One or more lugs I provided on shaft I are received in corresponding recesses It in sleeve I3 to operativel interconnect these two parts.
  • the recesses I8 are relatively elongated to allow relative sliding displacement of sleeve I3 upon uncoupling of the parts I0 and I3.
  • a carrier disk IT Mounted on shaft I adjacent the other end thereof and extending into the space left between the free edge of spiral ledge 2 and the magazine casing wall, is a carrier disk IT.
  • This disk carries the magazine follower which is shown on the drawing in two embodiments. Referring first to the embodiment of Fig. 5, the follower comprises a bar-shaped magazine follower slide I8 which extends into the channel 3 and is engaged,
  • the tensioned spiral spring I2 acts on the composite follower member I 8, '20, 2
  • the articulated and therefore flexible character of the composite follower member makes it possible, as shown in Fig. 5, to discharge all the cartridges from the magazine, notwithstanding the sharp change in the direction of movement due to the disposition of the mouthpiece.
  • FIG. 6 An alternative embodiment of the follower construction is illustrated in Fig. 6 of the drawing.
  • an intermediate portion of the follower slide I8 is recessed to provide a housing 22 for a collapsible cup-shaped pusher 23 which is normally retained therein against the pressure of the pusher spring 24, as shownin broken lines in .Fig. 6.
  • the slide member is shaped at its leading surface 25 to adapt it to the shape of the cartridge being pushed, As the pusher reaches its end position,
  • Means may be provided for preventing removal of the pusher 23 from the slide I8.
  • the parts are as hereinbefore described.
  • spring 24 may be omitted andpusher 23 may be operated by the action of gravity.
  • Drum type means for automaticall feeding a plurality of articles comprising a casing defining a magazine proper for said articles, means in said magazine proper defining a guiding channel for said articles, a delivery mouthpiece in which said channel terminates, a multi-part magazine follower operating in said channel and having a part thereof in abutting relationship with one of said articles, a follower actuating disk within said casing arranged in juxtaposition to but exteriorly of said magazine proper,'said disk being operatively connected with said follower, a.
  • Drum type means'for automaticall feeding a plurality of articles comprising a casing defining a magazine proper for said articles, means in said magazine proper defining a guiding channel for said articles, a delivery mouthpiece in which said channel terminates and arranged at a substantial angle relative to said channel, a multi-part magazine follower operating insald channel and having a part thereof in abutting relationship with one of said articles, a follower actuating disk within said casing arranged in juxtaposition to but exteriorly of said magazine proper, said disk being operatively connected with said follower, said disk and follower constituting means for moving and ejecting all said articles from said mouthpiece and said article-abutting part including a plurality of interconnected and mutually relatively movable elements, at least one of such elements being in the said abutting relationship with the last article when the latter is discharged from said mouthpiece, a rotatable shaft extending substantially centrally through said casing and projecting therebeyond at the side thereof remote from said disk, said disk being

Description

Feb. 12, 1946. A GAZDA 2,394,606
AUTOMATIC FEED MECHANISM FOR LOADING ORDNANCE, TOOLS, AND THE LIKE Filed Feb. 17, 1943 it I H j. 4
(/9722'03'726 ga eia Patented Feb. 12, 1946 UNITED STATES Q'FFTICE AUTOMATIOFEED MECHANISlVLFOR LOAD- '-ING- ORDNAN CE, *TO'OLS, THE LIKE Antoine Gazda, Providenca; Rs I. Application February 17, 1943,-"Serial-No., 476,240
' 2 Glaims. \(C1.:.89-.-34)
IA well-knowntype-of automatic feed mecha- :nism, particularly useful for loading .firearms withammunition, consists essentiallyofa magazine adapted to be mountedon the firearm to be fed, and spring-actuated means comprising a pusher or follower adapted, under the influence of the spring, to. move the" ammunition through a'spiral path in the magazine'and discharging into'the firearms. The said type of feed mechanism involves a-clutch mechanism whereby the spring and follower may be connected and disconnectedat will. Accordingto this known relationship of parts, the'actuatingspring aswell'as the means whereby the spring and follower-may be releasably coupled are housed within the bounds of the magazine proper so that theefiective capacity of the magazine is commensurately reduced. Moreoven'while it is possible to dis- ,charge all the ammunition'from the magazine proper of the known mechanism, no means is providedfor discharging the last two or three cartridges from the, mouthpiece or ejecting slot of the'magazine," and the result of this is further to reduce the effective capacity of the device.
An embodiment of automatic feed mechanism of the Character above outlined is described in the applicants copending applicatiomserial No. 290,291, filed August15, 1939, for A drum type cartridge magazine," now U. S. Patent No. 2,367,572, dated Jan. 16, 1945.
A primary object of the present invention is the obviation of the disadvantages. of the prior construction of the aforedescribed type.
A further object of the invention is the provision of a novel relationship of parts wherein maximum advantage ma be'taken of the holding capacity of the magazine proper.
To this end, briefly stated, the parts are so constructed and arranged as to remove the follower-actuating spring means as well as the means for con- 'pling and uncoupling the saidspring means and follower from within the bounds of the magazine proper.
'Still'another object of the invention is the provision; in a device-of. the character described, of-means wherebycomplete evacuation of the magazine and discharge mouthpiece may be effected, "thus making it possible actually to realize the full capacity of the magazine. To
this end,'a new'formof'articulated'follower is provided which, as will hereinafter more specifically appear, enables a full and complete discharge of the magazine to be realized.
Presently preferred embodiments of the inven- -tion areshowmsolely-by way of example, on the guiding channel 3 for the cartridges 4.
axially of the device;
.Fig. "2 is asectional-view taken along line 2-2 of Fig. 1;
3 is a sectional view taken along line 33 of'Fig; l;
.Fig.j4 isa fragmentary view, on an enlarged scale, of'the meansfor coupling and uncoupling the spring and follower of the device;
Fig. 5 is a fragmentary sectional-view, on an enlarged scaie and with parts in elevation, of one form of magazine follower; and
Fig. 6is aj'fragmentary sectional view, on*an enlargedv scale: and with parts in elevation, of asecond' formof magazine, follower according to this invention.
As-shown moreparticularly in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, referenceinumeral'l designates a magazine casing provided .with a spiral ledge 2 extending 'fromone wall thereof to a point just short of the opposite ,wall, thus defining a fixed spiral Channel '3 terminates inavmouthpiece or ejecting slot 5 which cooperates with-a suitable inlet on firearm 6 on which the automatic cartridge feedingdevice may be mounted in the usual manner.
Rotatablymounted'substantially centrally of the magazine casing I is'ahollow shaft? which, asqshown :more particularly in Fig. 1, extends onone side ,to-aconsiderable distance beyond the, casing and is provided-with' a crankz8 which is pref erably-removably mounted on the square enlargement Ella-of sleeve it. The latter is -mounted onshaft 1- immediately exteriorly of casing; l,-an.d itself extends through spring housing ll which-is integrally associated with cas- A' spiral spring 12' is arranged on sleeve m in housingl l,-one end of the spring being secured tothe latter by a rivet or thelike as shown, while theother endis secured to'the sleeve 1 0.
On the one end of shaft I is mounted a dentated coupling sleeve I3, the toothed end of which is adapted for releasable engagement with the juxtaposed toothed end of sleeve Ill, Coil spring I4 is interposed between stud end 9 and sleeve I3, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4, and normally urges the coupling parts I and I3 into interengagement. One or more lugs I provided on shaft I are received in corresponding recesses It in sleeve I3 to operativel interconnect these two parts. The recesses I8 are relatively elongated to allow relative sliding displacement of sleeve I3 upon uncoupling of the parts I0 and I3.
Mounted on shaft I adjacent the other end thereof and extending into the space left between the free edge of spiral ledge 2 and the magazine casing wall, is a carrier disk IT. This disk carries the magazine follower which is shown on the drawing in two embodiments. Referring first to the embodiment of Fig. 5, the follower comprises a bar-shaped magazine follower slide I8 which extends into the channel 3 and is engaged,
'at one end thereof, through a radial slot I9 in disk H, as shown in Fig. l. The follower slide I8 slides along the slot as the channel 3 is progressively charged or discharged. Bearing against the adjacent cartridge 4 is a fitted magazine follower 20, one side of which is arcuate to adapt it to the arcuate cartridge casing surface. Follower 20 is articulated to slide I8 through the medium oflinks 2 I.
When loading the magazine according to the embodiment of the invention thus described, the cartridges 5 are introduced successively into the spiral guiding channel 3 until the magazine is in the almost fully loaded position shown in Fig.
2. During this loading operation the follower 20, which was in that portion of the channel nearest the mouthpiece 5 at the beginning of the operation, is moved back away from the mouthpiece, entraining therewith and thus rotating the disk I1 and shaft I counter clockwise as seen in Fig. 3. Before loading the magazine, member I3 is detached from member III by movement against the flanged end 9 of shaft I in opposition to spring I 4, thereby dissociatingmember I 0 completely from shaft I and'connected parts. After loading the magazine, member I0 is turned by means of the crank 8 to tension the, spring I2, whereupon, upon restoring member I 3 to coupling relationship with member III, the device is ready to operate. The tensioned spiral spring I2 acts on the composite follower member I 8, '20, 2| through the medium of coupling I0, I 3, shaft I and disk I.', thus moving the cartridges toward the outlet of the guiding channel 3. The articulated and therefore flexible character of the composite follower member makes it possible, as shown in Fig. 5, to discharge all the cartridges from the magazine, notwithstanding the sharp change in the direction of movement due to the disposition of the mouthpiece.
An alternative embodiment of the follower construction is illustrated in Fig. 6 of the drawing. Here, an intermediate portion of the follower slide I8 is recessed to provide a housing 22 for a collapsible cup-shaped pusher 23 which is normally retained therein against the pressure of the pusher spring 24, as shownin broken lines in .Fig. 6. In this form of the invention, the slide member is shaped at its leading surface 25 to adapt it to the shape of the cartridge being pushed, As the pusher reaches its end position,
the leadingv portion thereof enters into a recess 26 provided in the mouthpiece 5', and the collapsible pusher 23 is'then slid outwardly to the position shown in full lines in Fig. 6, thereby ejecting all the cartridges, Means (not shown) may be provided for preventing removal of the pusher 23 from the slide I8. In other respects, the parts are as hereinbefore described.
It is apparent that, by the relationships of parts above described, the objects of the present invention are fully realized and that the interior of the magazine proper is substantially entirely available for the reception of cartridges---the clutch and spring mechanisms being situated on the exterior thereof-and that the contents of the magazine maybe fully discharged down to the very last cartridge. It is manifestly a significant advantage to be able, without changing the size of the magazine proper, to make available for the automatic firearm to which it is fitted a considerably increased quantity of ammunition.
While the invention has above been described with particular reference to the automatic feeding of cartridges to a gun, it is apparent that the identical relationships of parts may be employed for automatically feeding other items to other associated devices, for example, metal billets to machines for operating thereon, etc.
The invention is not to be limited to the details above described by way of illustration, and it is manifest that various changes may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, for instance, in'
the embodiment of Fig. 6, spring 24 may be omitted andpusher 23 may be operated by the action of gravity.
Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is: V 7
1. Drum type means for automaticall feeding a plurality of articles, comprising a casing defining a magazine proper for said articles, means in said magazine proper defining a guiding channel for said articles, a delivery mouthpiece in which said channel terminates, a multi-part magazine follower operating in said channel and having a part thereof in abutting relationship with one of said articles, a follower actuating disk within said casing arranged in juxtaposition to but exteriorly of said magazine proper,'said disk being operatively connected with said follower, a. rotatable shaft extending substantially centrally through said casing and projecting therebeyond atthe side thereof remote from said disk, said disk being integrally associated with said shaft, a spring positioned exteriorly of said casing about said shaft for placing said disk and follower under tension, whereby said follower is urged against and rotatable with.respect to the latter, and
means comprising a slidable coupling sleeve arranged for relative sliding movement on said shaft exteriorly of said spring and engageable with and disengageable from said first-named sleeve for connecting and disconnecting said spring and follower, and means interconnecting said coupling sleeve and shaft forconjoint rotation. K
2. Drum type means'for automaticall feeding a plurality of articles, comprising a casing defining a magazine proper for said articles, means in said magazine proper defining a guiding channel for said articles, a delivery mouthpiece in which said channel terminates and arranged at a substantial angle relative to said channel, a multi-part magazine follower operating insald channel and having a part thereof in abutting relationship with one of said articles, a follower actuating disk within said casing arranged in juxtaposition to but exteriorly of said magazine proper, said disk being operatively connected with said follower, said disk and follower constituting means for moving and ejecting all said articles from said mouthpiece and said article-abutting part including a plurality of interconnected and mutually relatively movable elements, at least one of such elements being in the said abutting relationship with the last article when the latter is discharged from said mouthpiece, a rotatable shaft extending substantially centrally through said casing and projecting therebeyond at the side thereof remote from said disk, said disk being integrally associated with said shaft, a spring positioned exteriorly of said casing about said shaft 15 sleeve and shaft for conjoint rotation.
ANTOINE GAZDA.
US476240A 1943-02-17 1943-02-17 Automatic feed mechanism for loading ordnance, tools, and the like Expired - Lifetime US2394606A (en)

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Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2512183A (en) * 1945-09-11 1950-06-20 Cleveland Detroit Corp Vending machine
US2596293A (en) * 1946-11-27 1952-05-13 Mach Tool Works Oerlikon Admin Cartridge feeding mechanism for the magazines of automatic firearms
US2828732A (en) * 1956-02-07 1958-04-01 Horowitz Harry Toy machine gun construction
US3087270A (en) * 1960-03-21 1963-04-30 Fairchild Engine & Airplane Ammunition magazine with a coil spring
US3558003A (en) * 1969-04-28 1971-01-26 Ortho Pharma Corp Tablet dispenser with calendar index
US4138923A (en) * 1977-06-29 1979-02-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Drum cartridge - magazine
US4332097A (en) * 1979-10-01 1982-06-01 Taylor Jr William J Drum magazine for automatic pistol or the like
US4524673A (en) * 1982-09-29 1985-06-25 Western Design Corporation Gun powered ammunition magazine
US4676138A (en) * 1986-03-04 1987-06-30 Western Design Corporation Gun-powered linear linkless ammunition magazine
US4745842A (en) * 1986-10-16 1988-05-24 Poly Technologies, Inc. Spiral drum magazine with elongated magazine clip and multiple link last round follower
US4793481A (en) * 1988-05-23 1988-12-27 Redell Randle Ball carrier
US4926742A (en) * 1986-10-16 1990-05-22 Poly Technologies, Inc. Spiral drum magazine with elongated magazine clip and single piece last round follower
US20030056777A1 (en) * 2001-09-21 2003-03-27 Liang Guodong High capacity bullet cartridge
US20070151440A1 (en) * 2006-01-03 2007-07-05 Browning Arms Company Magazine apparatuses, firearms including same, and method of introducing an ammunition cartridge into a firearm
US20090211562A1 (en) * 2008-02-15 2009-08-27 Karnis Nicholas Paintball loader
US20110056468A1 (en) * 2007-12-31 2011-03-10 Chao-Hsiung Cho Paint ball feeding buffer device
US20110107902A1 (en) * 2009-11-09 2011-05-12 Meninas Inc. Ammunition feed system for firearm
US20110107901A1 (en) * 2009-11-09 2011-05-12 Meninas Inc. Ammunition feed system for firearm
DE102010009186A1 (en) * 2010-02-24 2011-08-25 German Sport Guns GmbH, 59469 Magazine for a handgun
US8156675B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2012-04-17 Browning Firearm magazine
US8733224B2 (en) * 2009-11-09 2014-05-27 Meninas Inc. Ammunition feed system for firearm
US20150059723A1 (en) * 2013-09-04 2015-03-05 Jui-Fu Tseng Air gun magazine with ratchet loading mechanism
US10234220B2 (en) * 2017-04-14 2019-03-19 Kent J. Myers Detachable box magazine with follower retraction member
US10371475B2 (en) 2016-09-21 2019-08-06 Browning Firearm magazine
US11098968B1 (en) * 2019-06-28 2021-08-24 Magpul Industries Corp. Slide lock-back follower assembly

Cited By (37)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2512183A (en) * 1945-09-11 1950-06-20 Cleveland Detroit Corp Vending machine
US2596293A (en) * 1946-11-27 1952-05-13 Mach Tool Works Oerlikon Admin Cartridge feeding mechanism for the magazines of automatic firearms
US2828732A (en) * 1956-02-07 1958-04-01 Horowitz Harry Toy machine gun construction
US3087270A (en) * 1960-03-21 1963-04-30 Fairchild Engine & Airplane Ammunition magazine with a coil spring
US3558003A (en) * 1969-04-28 1971-01-26 Ortho Pharma Corp Tablet dispenser with calendar index
US4138923A (en) * 1977-06-29 1979-02-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Drum cartridge - magazine
US4332097A (en) * 1979-10-01 1982-06-01 Taylor Jr William J Drum magazine for automatic pistol or the like
US4524673A (en) * 1982-09-29 1985-06-25 Western Design Corporation Gun powered ammunition magazine
US4676138A (en) * 1986-03-04 1987-06-30 Western Design Corporation Gun-powered linear linkless ammunition magazine
US4926742A (en) * 1986-10-16 1990-05-22 Poly Technologies, Inc. Spiral drum magazine with elongated magazine clip and single piece last round follower
US4745842A (en) * 1986-10-16 1988-05-24 Poly Technologies, Inc. Spiral drum magazine with elongated magazine clip and multiple link last round follower
US4793481A (en) * 1988-05-23 1988-12-27 Redell Randle Ball carrier
US20030056777A1 (en) * 2001-09-21 2003-03-27 Liang Guodong High capacity bullet cartridge
US20070151440A1 (en) * 2006-01-03 2007-07-05 Browning Arms Company Magazine apparatuses, firearms including same, and method of introducing an ammunition cartridge into a firearm
US7806036B2 (en) 2006-01-03 2010-10-05 Browning Magazine apparatuses, firearms including same, and method of introducing an ammunition cartridge into a firearm
US8745912B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2014-06-10 Browning Firearm magazine
US8156675B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2012-04-17 Browning Firearm magazine
US8484875B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2013-07-16 Browning Firearm magazine
US20110056468A1 (en) * 2007-12-31 2011-03-10 Chao-Hsiung Cho Paint ball feeding buffer device
US20090211562A1 (en) * 2008-02-15 2009-08-27 Karnis Nicholas Paintball loader
US8356589B2 (en) * 2008-02-15 2013-01-22 Gi Sportz, Inc. Paintball loader
US20110107901A1 (en) * 2009-11-09 2011-05-12 Meninas Inc. Ammunition feed system for firearm
US20110107902A1 (en) * 2009-11-09 2011-05-12 Meninas Inc. Ammunition feed system for firearm
US8220377B2 (en) * 2009-11-09 2012-07-17 Meninas Inc. Ammunition feed system for firearm
US8733224B2 (en) * 2009-11-09 2014-05-27 Meninas Inc. Ammunition feed system for firearm
US8448558B2 (en) * 2009-11-09 2013-05-28 Meninas Inc. Ammunition feed system for firearm
DE102010009186A1 (en) * 2010-02-24 2011-08-25 German Sport Guns GmbH, 59469 Magazine for a handgun
US20110203448A1 (en) * 2010-02-24 2011-08-25 German Sport Guns Gmbh Magazine for a hand gun
US8117956B2 (en) 2010-02-24 2012-02-21 German Sport Guns Gmbh Magazine for a hand gun
DE102010009186B4 (en) * 2010-02-24 2014-11-13 German Sport Guns Gmbh Magazine for a handgun
US20150059723A1 (en) * 2013-09-04 2015-03-05 Jui-Fu Tseng Air gun magazine with ratchet loading mechanism
US9022015B2 (en) * 2013-09-04 2015-05-05 Jui-Fu Tseng Air gun magazine with ratchet loading mechanism
US10371475B2 (en) 2016-09-21 2019-08-06 Browning Firearm magazine
US10921078B2 (en) 2016-09-21 2021-02-16 Browning Firearm having a delay mechanism
US11614292B2 (en) 2016-09-21 2023-03-28 Browning Detachable firearm receiver
US10234220B2 (en) * 2017-04-14 2019-03-19 Kent J. Myers Detachable box magazine with follower retraction member
US11098968B1 (en) * 2019-06-28 2021-08-24 Magpul Industries Corp. Slide lock-back follower assembly

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