US2185584A - Muffler - Google Patents

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US2185584A
US2185584A US2185584DA US2185584A US 2185584 A US2185584 A US 2185584A US 2185584D A US2185584D A US 2185584DA US 2185584 A US2185584 A US 2185584A
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screens
screen
filter
muffler
filter element
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D46/00Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B01D46/2403Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
    • B01D46/2411Filter cartridges
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D46/00Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/10Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2275/00Filter media structures for filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D2275/20Shape of filtering material
    • B01D2275/201Conical shape

Definitions

  • This invention relates toimprovements in.
  • the exhaust gases also carry certain impurities such as carbon particles formed fromthe burning of lubricating oil, which give the exhaust gases a smoky appearance and an offensive smell. Due to incomplete combustion of the'carbon contained in the fuel, the exhaust gases carry a considerable percentage of carbon monoxide .which is higly poisonous and to the presence of which is due many accidental deaths.
  • the ordinary silencers are efiective for the purpose of reducing noise only and are not designed to remove carbon or to eliminate carbon monoxide.
  • a still further object is to produce a muffler that, in addition toits silencing and filtering effect, will also reduce to a negligible amount the presence of carbon monoxide.
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal diametrical sectio through the mufiler
  • Figure 2 is a side elevation of the filter unit, showing the same removed from the casing, portions being broken away to better disclose the construction;
  • Figure 3 is an end view of the filter unit
  • Figure 4 is a section taken on line 4-4 Fig. 2.
  • the silencer comprises a tubular casing 5 having permanently attached to one end a wall 6 whose flange 1 may be welded to the inside of the casing.
  • This end wall has a short tubular extension 8 for the reception of the exhaust pipe 9.
  • the other end of the casing is closed by an end secured in position by bolts l0.
  • a ring II Secured to the inner surface of the casing is a ring II that is held in place .by screws, bolts or rivets 12.
  • the rear surface of this ring is providedwith a groove l3 of V-shaped cross section.
  • a frusto-conical filter and gas absorbing element Positioned within the casing, between ring ll 10 and the removable end closure, is a frusto-conical filter and gas absorbing element which will now be described.
  • the filter element comprises two spaced circular rings I4 and l 5 to the inner and outer surfaces of which are attached screens l6 and I1 respectively.
  • the ends of screen [6 are held against the inner surfaces of rings l4 and I5 by clamping rings l8 and I9.
  • the screen I1 is secured against the outer surface of rings l4 and I5 by suitable means such as wires. It will be observed that the 20 two screens are spaced and form a frusto-conical compartment that contains the chemicals that give to the device its silencing, filtering and monoxide eliminating properties.
  • the frustoconical chamber contains a mixture 20 which comprises the following ingredients in equal parts, namely calcium carbonate (CaCOs) calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)z) or hydrated lime; and calcium sulphate (CaSO42H2O'). To seven parts of this mixture is added one part or charcoal and a thorough mixture formed. This mixture is packed into the space between screens l6 and I1. Metal strips 2
  • suitable means such as a cement.
  • ring I4 has a V-shaped front sidethatflts into the groove I3, to hold it in place and to form a seal.
  • the smaller end of the filter is secured in place by a positioning ring 23 having a plurality of inwardly extending arms 24 whose ends 25 are offset so as to form a recess for the reception of cup 22.
  • Two or more metal bands 26 surround the filter element at longitudinally spaced points to offer resistance to the expanding force resulting from the back firing of the engine which" sometimes occurs when the spark is too far retarded.
  • the removable end member is put into place and The calcium carbonate and calcium sulphate as well as the carbon are crushed to comparatively small particles of a size between oneeighth and one-quarter mesh so that interstices are formed through which the gases may flow and which expose large surfaces to the gases.
  • the carbon especially when heated by the exhaust gases, is a good absorbent of monoxide and serves to eliminate a large amount of this gas.
  • the cleaning or filtering action eliminates solid particles so that the exhaust gases have their toxicpropertiesreduced to such an extent that they are no longer a menace.
  • this device makes the exhaust gases fit. for breathing purposes, but rather, that when they are mixed with air as they emerge from the silencer they do not possess sufficient toxic properties to produce accidental poisoning.
  • the device shown and described is intended to replace the usual silencers, it is sometimes desirable to retain the latterv and to connect the silencer herein described, in series. Tests haveshown that ,the filter element ofiers very little resistance to the flow of the exhaust gases and therefore does not add to the back pressure.
  • the mixture herein described can also be used in gas masks if desired.
  • a filter element for use in a elongated tubular filter having an intake orfiing at one end and an outlet at'the other en comprising two elongated screen sections of substantially the same shape and length but of different transverse dimensions at corresponding longitudinal positions, the smaller being positioned within the larger, spacing rings between the ends of the screens, longitudinally extending strips positioned in the space between the screens with one edge contacting the inside of the outer screen and the other edge contacting the outside of the inner screen, the strips being spaced from each other, granular material in the space between the screens, and a cap closing one end of the filter element.

Description

Jan. 2, 1940 I H. VBVOYCE- 2,1
I MUFFLER Filed June 13, 1938 Patented Jan. 2, 1940 UNITED, STATES MUFFLER Hiram H. Boyce, Denver, 0010., as'signor of onehalf to Glenn W. Pierce. Denver, 0010.
Application June 13, 1938, Serial No. 213,435
3 Claims.
This invention relates toimprovements in.
' mufllers or silencers of the type employed with internal combustion engines.
Owing to the high pressures at which the-gaseous products of combustion are released from ordinary internal combustion engines, it is necessary to provide them with devices for silencing the explosive noises that would be produced if the engines were to exhaust directly into the air.
The exhaust gases also carry certain impurities such as carbon particles formed fromthe burning of lubricating oil, which give the exhaust gases a smoky appearance and an offensive smell. Due to incomplete combustion of the'carbon contained in the fuel, the exhaust gases carry a considerable percentage of carbon monoxide .which is higly poisonous and to the presence of which is due many accidental deaths.
The ordinary silencers are efiective for the purpose of reducing noise only and are not designed to remove carbon or to eliminate carbon monoxide.
It is an object of this invention to produce a silencer of such construction that it will, first of all, mufile the explosive noises, and which in addition will remove solid carbon particles and thereby eliminate the smoky appearance of the,
gases.
A still further object is to produce a muffler that, in addition toits silencing and filtering effect, will also reduce to a negligible amount the presence of carbon monoxide.-
The above and any other objects that maybecome apparent as this description proceeds, are obtained by means of a construction and arrangement of parts that will now be described in detail, and reference for this purpose will now be had to the accompanying drawing in which the invention has been illustrated in its preferred form and in which:
Figure 1 is a longitudinal diametrical sectio through the mufiler;
Figure 2 is a side elevation of the filter unit, showing the same removed from the casing, portions being broken away to better disclose the construction;
Figure 3 is an end view of the filter unit; and
Figure 4 is a section taken on line 4-4 Fig. 2.
The silencer comprises a tubular casing 5 having permanently attached to one end a wall 6 whose flange 1 may be welded to the inside of the casing. This end wall has a short tubular extension 8 for the reception of the exhaust pipe 9. The other end of the casing is closed by an end secured in position by bolts l0.
wall which is preferably identical in size and appearance to end wall 6 but which is removably secured in place by bolts or screws [0.
Secured to the inner surface of the casing is a ring II that is held in place .by screws, bolts or rivets 12. The rear surface of this ring is providedwith a groove l3 of V-shaped cross section.
Positioned within the casing, between ring ll 10 and the removable end closure, is a frusto-conical filter and gas absorbing element which will now be described. I
The filter element comprises two spaced circular rings I4 and l 5 to the inner and outer surfaces of which are attached screens l6 and I1 respectively. The ends of screen [6 are held against the inner surfaces of rings l4 and I5 by clamping rings l8 and I9. The screen I1 is secured against the outer surface of rings l4 and I5 by suitable means such as wires. It will be observed that the 20 two screens are spaced and form a frusto-conical compartment that contains the chemicals that give to the device its silencing, filtering and monoxide eliminating properties. The frustoconical chamber contains a mixture 20 which comprises the following ingredients in equal parts, namely calcium carbonate (CaCOs) calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)z) or hydrated lime; and calcium sulphate (CaSO42H2O'). To seven parts of this mixture is added one part or charcoal and a thorough mixture formed. This mixture is packed into the space between screens l6 and I1. Metal strips 2| extend longitudinally of the filter element, in the space between the screens and these serve to limit the loss of chemicals in case of a break in the outer screen. The small end of the filter is-inserted into a metal cup 22 that is secured to it by suitable means, such as a cement.
It will be observed that ring I4 has a V-shaped front sidethatflts into the groove I3, to hold it in place and to form a seal. The smaller end of the filter is secured in place by a positioning ring 23 having a plurality of inwardly extending arms 24 whose ends 25 are offset so as to form a recess for the reception of cup 22. Two or more metal bands 26 surround the filter element at longitudinally spaced points to offer resistance to the expanding force resulting from the back firing of the engine which" sometimes occurs when the spark is too far retarded. After the filter and positioning r-ing23 are in place, the removable end member is put into place and The calcium carbonate and calcium sulphate as well as the carbon are crushed to comparatively small particles of a size between oneeighth and one-quarter mesh so that interstices are formed through which the gases may flow and which expose large surfaces to the gases.
The carbon, especially when heated by the exhaust gases, is a good absorbent of monoxide and serves to eliminate a large amount of this gas. The cleaning or filtering action eliminates solid particles so that the exhaust gases have their toxicpropertiesreduced to such an extent that they are no longer a menace.
It is not maintained that this device makes the exhaust gases fit. for breathing purposes, but rather, that when they are mixed with air as they emerge from the silencer they do not possess sufficient toxic properties to produce accidental poisoning. Although the device shown and described is intended to replace the usual silencers, it is sometimes desirable to retain the latterv and to connect the silencer herein described, in series. Tests haveshown that ,the filter element ofiers very little resistance to the flow of the exhaust gases and therefore does not add to the back pressure.
The mixture herein described can also be used in gas masks if desired.
Having described the invention what is claimed as new is:
1. A filter element for use in a elongated tubular filter having an intake orfiing at one end and an outlet at'the other en comprising two elongated screen sections of substantially the same shape and length but of different transverse dimensions at corresponding longitudinal positions, the smaller being positioned within the larger, spacing rings between the ends of the screens, longitudinally extending strips positioned in the space between the screens with one edge contacting the inside of the outer screen and the other edge contacting the outside of the inner screen, the strips being spaced from each other, granular material in the space between the screens, and a cap closing one end of the filter element.
'2. A filter element for use in an elongated tubular muffler having an intake opening at one end and an outlet at the other end, comprising two elongated tubular screen sections of the same length, one being smaller than and positioned concentrically within the other, spacing rings between the screen sections at each end, a cap applied to one end to close the opening through the filter element, the other end,being open, granular material in the space between the screens, reenforcing rings surrounding the outer screen member between its ends, and longitudinally extending circumferentially spaced strips positioned in the space between the screens, the opposite edges of the strips contacting oppomd sitioned between the screens, the opposite edges of the strips contacting opposed screen surfaces.
HIRAM H. BOYCE.
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Cited By (41)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2732026A (en) * 1956-01-24 Muffler with flashing and spark
US2957545A (en) * 1957-09-26 1960-10-25 Sr Edward B Lewis Smog control box
US3075609A (en) * 1958-09-10 1963-01-29 Engelhard Ind Inc Noise suppressor
US3112007A (en) * 1961-11-01 1963-11-26 Arvin Ind Inc Silencing element for exhaust gas conduit
US3113000A (en) * 1961-06-29 1963-12-03 Universal Oil Prod Co Catalytic converter-muffler
US3117650A (en) * 1961-12-04 1964-01-14 Arvin Ind Inc Silencing element for exhaust gas conduit
US3147097A (en) * 1962-04-09 1964-09-01 Aguas Cayetano Engine exhaust cleaner and muffler
US3154388A (en) * 1962-09-07 1964-10-27 Universal Oil Prod Co Converter-muffler
US3166382A (en) * 1962-09-07 1965-01-19 Universal Oil Prod Co Converter-muffler
US3166895A (en) * 1960-06-10 1965-01-26 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Catalytic muffling system for reducing contaminants in exhaust gases
US3174583A (en) * 1960-11-30 1965-03-23 Giordano Michele Muffler for internal combustion engines
US3185252A (en) * 1957-07-29 1965-05-25 C W Lemmerman Inc Jet engine noise attenuator
US3243942A (en) * 1963-05-27 1966-04-05 Burke And Company Adsorber cartridge and retainer construction
US3563338A (en) * 1970-03-04 1971-02-16 Richard L Rader Removable muffler cartridge particularly adapted for a forwardly tapering exhaust pipe tip
US3683626A (en) * 1970-12-14 1972-08-15 Estin Hans H Exhaust purification
US3709321A (en) * 1971-08-19 1973-01-09 Tenneco Inc Muffler with longitudinal chamber
US3989471A (en) * 1975-04-14 1976-11-02 Tenneco Inc. Radial flow catalytic converter having thermal expansion compensating means
US4457895A (en) * 1981-10-13 1984-07-03 Institut Francais Du Petrole Catalytic muffler for purifying the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine
US4589517A (en) * 1983-11-30 1986-05-20 Saikei Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Muffler
US4876072A (en) * 1988-05-16 1989-10-24 Checki Edward T Catalytic converter with screen enclosure holding pellets under tension
US5004068A (en) * 1988-12-06 1991-04-02 Ebara Corporation Muffler
US5606854A (en) * 1995-04-20 1997-03-04 Air Filter Plus Inc. Exhaust filter
US5632793A (en) * 1995-08-16 1997-05-27 Purolator Products Company Filter hose assembly employing a conical filter element
US5809776A (en) * 1996-07-29 1998-09-22 Outboard Marine Corporation Catalytic converter with radial outflow and by-pass valve
US5962821A (en) * 1995-01-27 1999-10-05 Iannetti; Francesco E. Internal combustion engine noise reduction apparatus
US6053276A (en) * 1998-06-09 2000-04-25 D'amico, Jr.; John Muffler packing method with injection of cartrided continuous filament fiberglass
US6068082A (en) * 1997-11-21 2000-05-30 D'amico, Jr.; John Muffler packing method and apparatus
US6102978A (en) * 1998-02-23 2000-08-15 Dana Corporation Air filter configuration with preformed metal coil surrounding a pleated air filter element
US20030183447A1 (en) * 2002-03-30 2003-10-02 Festo Ag & Co. Compressed air muffler
WO2005031131A3 (en) * 2003-09-30 2005-06-09 Tom Tary Modular muffler with removable cartridge assembly
US20060124384A1 (en) * 2003-03-30 2006-06-15 Tom Tary Modular muffler with removable cartridge assembly
US20070113547A1 (en) * 2005-11-21 2007-05-24 Thaler David M Exhaust treatment device with condensate gate
US20070227811A1 (en) * 2006-03-29 2007-10-04 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Vehicle exhaust system
US20080072554A1 (en) * 2006-09-27 2008-03-27 Mann & Hummel Gmbh Filter Apparatus Especially for Filtration of Combustion Air in Internal Combustion Engines
US20080276581A1 (en) * 2007-05-07 2008-11-13 Crawford Martin J Removable verticle media insert system for air treatment
US20090321181A1 (en) * 2007-02-12 2009-12-31 Ballard Iii Ebbin C Inserts for engine exhaust systems
US20100319314A1 (en) * 2007-12-06 2010-12-23 Christoph Noller Exhaust gas treatment device
US8256569B1 (en) * 2010-10-04 2012-09-04 Huff Dennis L Exhaust sound attenuation device and method of use
US20140150387A1 (en) * 2012-12-03 2014-06-05 Ye Siang Enterprise Co., Ltd. Circular cylinder air filter
US8985270B2 (en) 2013-03-11 2015-03-24 Molded Acoustical Products Of Easton, Inc. Clean burn muffler packing with stitched fiberglass envelope
EP2805064A4 (en) * 2012-01-20 2015-09-30 Trojan Techn Inc Fluid flow modifier and fluid treatment system incorporating same

Cited By (52)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2732026A (en) * 1956-01-24 Muffler with flashing and spark
US3185252A (en) * 1957-07-29 1965-05-25 C W Lemmerman Inc Jet engine noise attenuator
US2957545A (en) * 1957-09-26 1960-10-25 Sr Edward B Lewis Smog control box
US3075609A (en) * 1958-09-10 1963-01-29 Engelhard Ind Inc Noise suppressor
US3166895A (en) * 1960-06-10 1965-01-26 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Catalytic muffling system for reducing contaminants in exhaust gases
US3174583A (en) * 1960-11-30 1965-03-23 Giordano Michele Muffler for internal combustion engines
US3113000A (en) * 1961-06-29 1963-12-03 Universal Oil Prod Co Catalytic converter-muffler
US3112007A (en) * 1961-11-01 1963-11-26 Arvin Ind Inc Silencing element for exhaust gas conduit
US3117650A (en) * 1961-12-04 1964-01-14 Arvin Ind Inc Silencing element for exhaust gas conduit
US3147097A (en) * 1962-04-09 1964-09-01 Aguas Cayetano Engine exhaust cleaner and muffler
US3166382A (en) * 1962-09-07 1965-01-19 Universal Oil Prod Co Converter-muffler
US3154388A (en) * 1962-09-07 1964-10-27 Universal Oil Prod Co Converter-muffler
US3243942A (en) * 1963-05-27 1966-04-05 Burke And Company Adsorber cartridge and retainer construction
US3563338A (en) * 1970-03-04 1971-02-16 Richard L Rader Removable muffler cartridge particularly adapted for a forwardly tapering exhaust pipe tip
US3683626A (en) * 1970-12-14 1972-08-15 Estin Hans H Exhaust purification
US3709321A (en) * 1971-08-19 1973-01-09 Tenneco Inc Muffler with longitudinal chamber
US3989471A (en) * 1975-04-14 1976-11-02 Tenneco Inc. Radial flow catalytic converter having thermal expansion compensating means
US4457895A (en) * 1981-10-13 1984-07-03 Institut Francais Du Petrole Catalytic muffler for purifying the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine
US4589517A (en) * 1983-11-30 1986-05-20 Saikei Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Muffler
US4876072A (en) * 1988-05-16 1989-10-24 Checki Edward T Catalytic converter with screen enclosure holding pellets under tension
US5004068A (en) * 1988-12-06 1991-04-02 Ebara Corporation Muffler
US5962821A (en) * 1995-01-27 1999-10-05 Iannetti; Francesco E. Internal combustion engine noise reduction apparatus
US5606854A (en) * 1995-04-20 1997-03-04 Air Filter Plus Inc. Exhaust filter
US5902365A (en) * 1995-08-16 1999-05-11 Purolator Products Company Filter hose assembly employing a conical filter element
US5766289A (en) * 1995-08-16 1998-06-16 Purolator Products Company Pleated filter element and filtration unit
US5632793A (en) * 1995-08-16 1997-05-27 Purolator Products Company Filter hose assembly employing a conical filter element
US5809776A (en) * 1996-07-29 1998-09-22 Outboard Marine Corporation Catalytic converter with radial outflow and by-pass valve
US6068082A (en) * 1997-11-21 2000-05-30 D'amico, Jr.; John Muffler packing method and apparatus
US6102978A (en) * 1998-02-23 2000-08-15 Dana Corporation Air filter configuration with preformed metal coil surrounding a pleated air filter element
US6053276A (en) * 1998-06-09 2000-04-25 D'amico, Jr.; John Muffler packing method with injection of cartrided continuous filament fiberglass
US20030183447A1 (en) * 2002-03-30 2003-10-02 Festo Ag & Co. Compressed air muffler
US6899198B2 (en) * 2002-03-30 2005-05-31 Festo Ag & Co. Compressed air muffler
US20060124384A1 (en) * 2003-03-30 2006-06-15 Tom Tary Modular muffler with removable cartridge assembly
WO2005031131A3 (en) * 2003-09-30 2005-06-09 Tom Tary Modular muffler with removable cartridge assembly
US20070113547A1 (en) * 2005-11-21 2007-05-24 Thaler David M Exhaust treatment device with condensate gate
US20070227811A1 (en) * 2006-03-29 2007-10-04 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Vehicle exhaust system
US7997383B2 (en) * 2006-03-29 2011-08-16 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Vehicle exhaust system
US20080072554A1 (en) * 2006-09-27 2008-03-27 Mann & Hummel Gmbh Filter Apparatus Especially for Filtration of Combustion Air in Internal Combustion Engines
US7799110B2 (en) * 2006-09-27 2010-09-21 Mann+Hummel Gmbh Filter apparatus especially for filtration of combustion air in internal combustion engines
US20090321181A1 (en) * 2007-02-12 2009-12-31 Ballard Iii Ebbin C Inserts for engine exhaust systems
US7905321B2 (en) * 2007-02-12 2011-03-15 Ballard Iii Ebbin C Inserts for engine exhaust systems
US7785402B2 (en) * 2007-05-07 2010-08-31 Crawford Martin J Removable verticle media insert system for air treatment
US20080276581A1 (en) * 2007-05-07 2008-11-13 Crawford Martin J Removable verticle media insert system for air treatment
US20100319314A1 (en) * 2007-12-06 2010-12-23 Christoph Noller Exhaust gas treatment device
US9388724B2 (en) * 2007-12-06 2016-07-12 Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Germany Gmbh Exhaust gas treatment device
US8256569B1 (en) * 2010-10-04 2012-09-04 Huff Dennis L Exhaust sound attenuation device and method of use
EP2805064A4 (en) * 2012-01-20 2015-09-30 Trojan Techn Inc Fluid flow modifier and fluid treatment system incorporating same
US9771959B2 (en) 2012-01-20 2017-09-26 Trojan Technologies Fluid flow modifier and fluid treatment system incorporating same
US20140150387A1 (en) * 2012-12-03 2014-06-05 Ye Siang Enterprise Co., Ltd. Circular cylinder air filter
US8864864B2 (en) * 2012-12-03 2014-10-21 Ye Siang Enterprise Co., Ltd. Circular cylinder air filter
US8985270B2 (en) 2013-03-11 2015-03-24 Molded Acoustical Products Of Easton, Inc. Clean burn muffler packing with stitched fiberglass envelope
US9267406B2 (en) 2013-03-11 2016-02-23 Molded Acoustical Products Of Easton, Inc. Clean burn muffler packing with stitched fiberglass envelope

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