US20120238380A9 - Trajectory detection and feedback system for golf - Google Patents
Trajectory detection and feedback system for golf Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20120238380A9 US20120238380A9 US12/015,445 US1544508A US2012238380A9 US 20120238380 A9 US20120238380 A9 US 20120238380A9 US 1544508 A US1544508 A US 1544508A US 2012238380 A9 US2012238380 A9 US 2012238380A9
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- trajectory
- club
- golf ball
- shot
- golf
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
- A63B24/0021—Tracking a path or terminating locations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B55/00—Bags for golf clubs; Stands for golf clubs for use on the course; Wheeled carriers specially adapted for golf bags
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
- A63B24/0003—Analysing the course of a movement or motion sequences during an exercise or trainings sequence, e.g. swing for golf or tennis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
- A63B24/0084—Exercising apparatus with means for competitions, e.g. virtual races
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
- A63B69/0071—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports for basketball
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
- A63B69/36—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports for golf
- A63B69/3614—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports for golf using electro-magnetic, magnetic or ultrasonic radiation emitted, reflected or interrupted by the golf club
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
- A63B69/38—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports for tennis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
- G06V40/20—Movements or behaviour, e.g. gesture recognition
- G06V40/23—Recognition of whole body movements, e.g. for sport training
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
- A63B2220/80—Special sensors, transducers or devices therefor
- A63B2220/806—Video cameras
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2225/00—Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment
- A63B2225/20—Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment with means for remote communication, e.g. internet or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2225/00—Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment
- A63B2225/50—Wireless data transmission, e.g. by radio transmitters or telemetry
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to devices and systems for sports training and entertainment and more specifically to a trajectory detection and feed back systems and associated methods for golf.
- a system that captures, analyzes and provides feedback related to golf is described.
- the system may be designed to capture and analyze an initial trajectory of a golf ball and predict a subsequent flight of the ball.
- the system may be configured to provide immediate feedback that may be utilized by a player to improve their performance as well as provide entertainment value above and beyond what is normally associated with the play of a game of golf.
- the analysis and feedback system may be portable and usable outdoors. For instance, the analysis and feedback system may be operable for use on a golf course or a driving range.
- the device may be generally characterized as comprising: 1) one or more cameras for recording video frame data used to determine at least initial conditions for predicting a trajectory of a golf ball where only an initial portion of the golf ball's trajectory is captured in the video frame data for the purposes of predicting the trajectory and where the predicted trajectory comprises at least impact with a club to a location where the golf ball is predicted to land; 2) a logic device designed or configured to i) receive the video frame data, ii) identify the golf ball in the video frame data, iii) predict the trajectory of the golf ball accounting for a spin of the golf ball where the trajectory predictions include generating trajectory parameters that characterize one or more states of the golf ball between at least the impact with the club and the location where the golf ball is predicted to land and iv) generate feedback information using the trajectory parameters; and 3) at least one output mechanism for providing the feedback information wherein the device is portable and designed for use outdoors.
- the device may include two cameras or a stereoscopic camera. One or more portions of the device may be water-resistance or waterproof. Further, the device may be integrated into a golf club bag which may include wheels. The device may be for use on a golf course or on a driving range.
- the logic device is further designed or configured 1) to identify a body element of a person swinging the club, 2) to determine a position of the body element, an orientation of the body element, a velocity of the body element or combinations thereof, as a function of time and provide feedback information related to one or more of the position of the body element, the orientation of the body element or the velocity of the body element, 3) to incorporate the position of the body element, the orientation of the body element, the velocity of the body element or combinations thereof, as the function of time into an animated model or combinations thereof.
- the animated model may be a 3-D skeletal model.
- the logic device is further designed or configured to 1) identify the club in the video frame data, 2) determine a position of the club, a velocity of at least one point on the club, an orientation of the club or combinations thereof as a function of time wherein the at least one point on the club may be located on a club head or a clubface, 3) to incorporate the position of the club, the velocity of at least one point on the club, the orientation of the club or combinations thereof as the function of time into an animated model or combinations thereof.
- the device may comprise one or more sensors for determining an orientation of the device where the one or more sensors comprise accelerometers or tilt sensors.
- the output mechanism may be a wireless interface for outputting the feedback information to one or more remote devices where the remote device may be worn by the player. Further, the output mechanism may be an audio device coupled to the display.
- the device may further comprise: a housing, for the one or more cameras, the logic device, and the at least one output mechanism, the housing having a weight and form factor which facilitate one or more of transport, storage, unobtrusive set-up, calibration, or operation of the device.
- the device may further comprise an input mechanism where the input mechanism is a touch screen display.
- the input mechanism may be a wireless interface for receiving input from a remote device.
- the device may further comprise a GPS receiver for determining a location of the device.
- the logic device may be is a general purpose computer comprising: a processor, a data storage device, RAM, operating system software, device interfaces, device drivers and trajectory analysis software.
- the device may be capable of one of autonomous set-up, autonomous calibration, autonomous operation or combinations thereof.
- the logic device After manual input of data by a user, a confirmation of data determined by the device, the logic device is further designed or configured to complete a calibration procedure.
- the device may comprise a memory storage device for storing trajectory session information wherein the trajectory session information comprises one or more of 1) digitized video frame data, trajectory information and feedback information generated for a plurality of trajectories, 2) a trajectory session time, 3) a trajectory session date, 4) a trajectory session location and combinations thereof.
- the device may be designed to determine for a plurality of related trajectories captured by the device a consistency for at least one of the trajectory parameters generated for each of the plurality of related trajectories where the consistency is determined by calculating a statistical deviation.
- the device of may include: a database of club characteristics for use in the trajectory predictions. The club characteristics include club geometry parameters, club material properties and club mass properties.
- the logic device is further designed or configured to predict a trajectory after the location where the golf ball is predicted to land where a final portion of the golf ball's trajectory includes a prediction of one or more bounces or rolls by the golf ball.
- the logic device may be further designed or configured to account for a change in elevation between a location where the golf ball is hit to the location to the golf ball is predicted to land in determining where the golf ball is predicted to land.
- the feedback information may be related to one or more of the following: 1) a predicted straight-line distance of the shot, 2) a measured straight-line distance of the shot based, 3) a predicted height of the shot, 4) a measured height of the shot, 5) a predicted landing speed of the shot, 6) the location where the shot is predicted to land, 7) a predicted direction vector of the shot, 8) a measured landing speed of the shot, 9) a measured landing location of the shot, 10) a measured direction vector of the shot, 11) a parameter quantifying trajectory consistency of a plurality of shots with an identical club, 12) a parameter quantifying trajectory spacing of a series of clubs, 13) a measured initial speed of the shot, 14) a measured initial angle of the shot, 15) a measured initial spin of the shot, 16) a measured initial direction vector of the shot, 17) a predicted time aloft, 18) a measured time aloft, 19) a predicted quantification of the amount of draw of the shot, 20) a measured quantification of the
- Another aspect of the invention pertains to computer program products including a machine-readable medium on which is stored program instructions for implementing any of the methods described above. Any of the methods of this invention may be represented as program instructions and/or data structures, databases, etc. that can be provided on such computer readable media.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an in-situ use of trajectory detection and analysis system for golf.
- FIGS. 2A and 2B are a side perspective view and a top perspective view illustrating a use of a trajectory detection and analysis system for golf that is integrated in a golf club bag.
- FIG. 3 is an example of a wearable feedback interface for a trajectory detection and analysis system for golf.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 are examples of interface screens for a trajectory detection and analysis system for golf.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating exemplary components of a trajectory detection and analysis system.
- FIGS. 7A-7C are perspective drawings illustrating exemplary components of a trajectory detection and analysis system.
- FIG. 8 is an information flow diagram for exemplary components of a trajectory detection and analysis system.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a coordinate system for an in-situ determination of a golf ball trajectory including a calculated trajectory distance.
- the system may be designed to capture and analyze an initial trajectory of a golf ball and predict a subsequent flight of the ball.
- the system may be configured to provide immediate feedback that may be utilized by a player to improve their performance as well as provide entertainment value above and beyond what is normally associated with the play of a game of golf.
- the analysis and feedback system may be portable and may be operable for use in an area where golf is normally played, such as a golf course or an area where golf training takes place, such as a driving range.
- the analysis and feedback system may be integrated into a golf bag.
- the system may be designed to be non-intrusive such that a player may use the system and receive feedback during normal activities associated with golf.
- FIGS. 1 , 2 A and 2 B an analysis and feedback device, which may be portable and designed to operate on a golf course to provide in-situ trajectory measurements and real-time feedback, is shown.
- FIG. 3 a wearable feedback interface device with a few examples of feedback related to swing mechanics is shown.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 analysis screens associated with trajectory measurements are shown.
- FIGS. 6-8 An embodiment of a calculation method for determining a flight path of a golf ball is discussed with respect to FIG. 9 .
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an in-situ use of trajectory detection and analysis system for golf.
- the device/system 100 may comprise one or more of the following, 1) one or more cameras (or 3D capturing sensors, such as CanestaVisionTM Camera Module, Canesta, Inc., Americas Headquarters, Sunnyvale, Calif.) for recording video frame data used to characterize a trajectory of a golf ball 110 hit by a club 116 swung by a user 120 ; 2) a logic device designed or configured to i) receive the video frame data 106 , ii) generate trajectory parameters that characterize one or more states of the golf ball along its trajectory 102 and iii) generate feedback information using the trajectory parameters; 3) one or more feedback output mechanisms for providing the feedback information to the user as output mechanisms that are operable to output feedback information in video and/or audio formats (e.g., see 122 in FIGS.
- one or more cameras or 3D capturing sensors, such as CanestaVisionTM Camera Module, Canesta, Inc., America
- 4) one or more devices for measuring ambient conditions 5) a location device, such as a GPS receiver, 6) a communication interface for communicating with one or more remote devices and 7) accelerometer(s) or other sensors for detecting and/or recording a motion associate with a golfer, a motion associated with a golf club, a motion associated with a camera and/or a motion associated with the device 100 .
- the device may include a rechargeable or replaceable energy source to power the camera(s), logic device, and/or output signal.
- This rechargeable or replaceable energy source may be one or more of the following: a battery, a solar panel, a fuel cell or combinations thereof. Further details of apparatus and methodology that may be utilized are described with respect to FIGS. 2A-9 as well as with respect to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/508,004, entitled, “Trajectory Analysis and Feedback System,” by Marty, et al, filed Aug. 21, 2006, which are incorporated herein by reference and for all purposes.
- trajectory calculations may be used to provide feedback information to user 120 .
- the feedback information may be related to one or more of the trajectory parameters: 1) a calculated straight-line distance of a shot (from shot location to landing location), 2) actual straight-line distance of a shot, 3) calculated height of a shot, 4) actual height of a shot, 5) calculated landing speed, location and/or direction vector of a shot, 6) actual landing speed, location, and/or direction vector of a shot, 7) a parameter quantifying trajectory consistency of a shot with the same club, 8) a parameter quantifying trajectory spacing of a series of clubs, 9) initial speed, angle, spin and/or direction of a shot, 10) a time aloft, 11) a quantification of an amount of draw, 12) a quantification of an amount of fade, 13) a distance traveled along trajectory of the ball, 14) a distance traveled along ground track of ball, 15) a distance traveled along a line between the shot starting point and a position, such as hole position, 16) a calculated or actual initial distance from pin prior to shot minus final distance from pin after shot
- the analysis and feedback device may also be operable to measure and provide feedback on other golf swing parameters associated with the shot. Further, the device may be operable to measure and provide feedback on consistency of these parameters with the same club and across a series of clubs.
- the feedback information that is provided may be related to one or more of the following: 1) a club head, a portion of the club head (or other part of the club) trajectory parameter at different points along its trajectory (e.g., speed and/or position at different times, amount of time for back swing), 2) a hand (or wrist) movement, 3) a hip movement (lateral, vertical, rotational), 4) a shoulder movement (lateral, vertical, rotational), 5) a head (person) movement, 6) an arm movement, 7) a leg movement, 8) a movement or speed of one body part relative to another body part or relative to point on the club (the feedback may utilize or may provide a 3D skeletal model of body parts with club), 12) an estimated force or torque generated during the swing, etc or a 13) biophysical property, such as
- the device may be operable to analyze the golf swing parameters associated with the golf club and player biomechanics as they relate to any results determined for the ball trajectory and provide appropriate feedback information. For example, if the speed of a player's back swing trajectory 114 is variable from shot to shot such that back swing speeds that leads to good shots or bad shots may be determined after the results of a series of shots, then the device may provide feedback information, such as “back swing too slow” or “back swing too fast.”
- the device 100 may be operable to store the trajectory parameters or golf swing parameters for later review, upload, analysis, display and sharing. Further, the device may be operable to provide a video recording of the swing(s) for immediate or delayed review, analysis or sharing.
- the analysis and feedback device or an associated device may be operable to integrate data from different sources. For example, a video recording of the swing may be integrated with a plot of the trajectory of the resulting shot.
- stored data recorded for a player may be utilized to generate a video simulation, such as a video game simulate of the player playing golf.
- a video simulation such as a video game simulate of the player playing golf.
- data generated and stored by device 100 may be uploaded via a network or transfer to another storage media for incorporation into a video golf simulation.
- the video golf simulation might include a recreation of the player's round of golf including each of their shots where portions of the data generated by device 100 may be utilized in the modeling used to generate the video golf simulation.
- the video golf simulation might allow the player to look at 3-D animated model of a person emulating their swing parameters.
- the video golf simulation may allow the user to look at their swing from various angles. Further, the video golf simulation may be operable to point out flaws or areas where the player may improve their golf swing.
- a series of shots generated by a player and captured by device 100 may be utilized to populate a database.
- the database may be used as a basis for a video game where one player competes against another player in a game of golf where the outcome of the golf game is affected by shots selected from the database. For instance, a player may select a club for a stroke in the video game and then take the shot using the selected club, the outcome of the simulated shot may be influenced by an actual shot previously made by the player using the selected club that is stored in the database. Thus, a better golfer with a better database of shots may perform better in the simulated video golf game.
- the analysis and feedback device 100 may be operable to measure a number of variables for at least the purposes of self-calibration.
- the device may be operable to sense one or more of the following: its own position, the position of the ball, the position of the ball and device relative to each other, the position of the golfer relative to the ball, the position of the golfer relative to the device.
- the device may be to self-calibrate accounting for one or more of the following parameters: ball position, golfer position, device position, slope of land, tilt of device, lighting, wind, humidity, type of club, brand of club, type of ball, identity of golfer, altitude.
- the device may also be operable to allow manual entry of one or more these parameters.
- the analysis and feedback device may measure and/or generate one or more parameter(s) that are compiled into a score(s), allowing the player to track and share improvement in score.
- the scores may be shared in a real time or delayed fashion over a medium, such as the Internet, allowing players to compete with each other. In some instances, these scores may be provided to an audience or other players in engaged in a competition with the player.
- FIGS. 2A and 2B are a side perspective view and a top perspective view illustrating a use of a trajectory detection and analysis system for golf that is integrated in a golf club bag configured to carry golf clubs, such as 128 .
- a custom golf bag 126 containing a stereo camera consisting of top camera 124 and bottom camera 125 may be utilized. In other embodiments, a single camera may be utilized.
- the bag 126 may also contain a logic device (not shown) that receives frames captured from the cameras 124 and 125 , generates the trajectory information and generates a wireless signal with initial ball speed and angle.
- the wireless signal may be received by a custom watch 122 or other wearable or portable device, which displays club type, ball speed and ball angle immediately after the shot, such as within a few seconds
- the watch 122 or other wearable device may be operable to store a series of shots, including video frame data and/or analysis data, that may later be downloaded to a computer or may be uploaded onto the Internet, if desired. This information may be also stored by the analysis and feedback device, which may have data transfer capabilities. Golf club 116 and golf ball 110 may be unmodified. An advantage of this approach is that a player may use standard equipment in a native environment (i.e., on the actual golf course).
- a player may place the golf bag including the analysis and feedback device proximately perpendicular to the direction the ball will be hit and 5′ to 15′ away from the ball.
- the analysis and feedback device may include self-calibration capabilities, such as determining its distance from the ball.
- a player may select a club and sweep the club number (or as another example, a club cover) in front of the lower camera so the club type is identified. Identification may involve optical character recognition of visible or infrared markings or another method such as RFID.
- the trajectory and feedback device may also include a manual interface, such as a touch screen, that allows this information to be input.
- device 126 may output a sound or provide an optical signal that indicates it has determined what club a player is using.
- a player may have specified what brand of clubs in manner they are using and the feedback device may have determined properties of the clubs, such as mass, length, club loft from data stored with the analysis and feedback device or via remote communication with another device.
- the player may set a ball 110 on a tee (or simply approach the ball) and both cameras may identify the ball allowing the logic device to calculate the distance from the bag to the ball.
- the ball may be distinguished from other objects in the cameras field of view, such as various other course objects 112 .
- a signal may be provided via an interface mechanism available to the player, such as an LED light on the bag changes from red to green signifying the device is ready for the player to hit the shot.
- a wearable device coupled to the player 122 may emit a visible and/or audible signal to indicate the player is ready to hit the shot.
- cameras 124 or 125 may track the trajectory of the ball as it leaves the tee or its current position.
- the cameras may have wide-angle lenses that track the ball for 20 feet of the trajectory or more depending on a distance of the ball to the cameras and field of view of the camera.
- the number of frames captured may vary depending on the type of cameras employed and the physical parameters associated with the shot, which may vary from shot to shot and player to player.
- the stereo camera may not only allow the speed and direction to be calculated in 2-dimensions, but also to calculate true speed and direction in 3-dimensions correcting for any misalignment from perpendicular in the placement of the bag.
- An advantage of stereo cameras may be that that it improves ball detection by the vision system by separating the ball from the clutter of colors and patterns in the background.
- only a single camera may be used in other embodiments, an additional camera 118 (or sensor) aligned more or less in the direction of the shot may be used to capture a view of the ball in flight.
- the arrangement, described above, may also be used to accurately calculate speed and direction of ball spin without materially changing the club or changing the ball or seeing the ball spin.
- this can be accomplished by adding a grid marking to the head of the club facing the camera.
- the grid markings may be a sticker or a permanent marker template added at the factory during club manufacture.
- a high-speed camera may be able to measure twist of the club head (velocity and acceleration in multiple linear and rotational dimensions).
- a more accurate prediction of ball spin and direction may be possibly generated by going through a calibration procedure with an individual club that related specific player, specific club and specific swing with specific head twist (as measured by observing markings through the swing and contact with the ball) and specific ball acceleration result (as measured by camera in the first 20 feet of flight). Then, the measured variables may be related to the final position of ball landing (distance, roll, left and right trajectory and roll). For example, 20 swings with each club may provide a good look up table to give accurate ability to predict final ball result while only observing the club swing and the first 20 feet of ball flight.
- analysis and feedback device for use in golf and associated display interfaces are described for the purposes of clarity and understanding and are not meant to limit the scope of embodiments associated with the analysis and feedback devices described herein.
- analysis and feedback device and/or system using interface devices other than a watch-like device may be utilized, such as an MP3 player, visor with a display screen, a speaker for audio feedback coupled to the golf bag, or a cell phone.
- the analysis and feedback device may be provided as unit separate from a golf bag such that the analysis and feedback device may be provided that can be attached to or coupled to a non-custom golf bag or a golf cart.
- the separate unit may be designed or configured to be utilized while coupled to the golf bag or cart or separate from the golf bag or cart. In the case, where the unit is configured to be utilized while separate from the golf bag or golf cart it still may include attachments that allow it to be secured to these devices for transport purposes.
- a watch-like interface device 122 with video display capabilities is described.
- other interface devices such as cell phone or an MP3 player, may be utilized in conjunction with a provided interface device or as an independent interface device.
- the analysis and feedback device may include an interface display.
- FIG. 3 is an example of a wearable feedback interface for a trajectory detection and analysis system for golf.
- the wearable feedback device 122 may include a display 130 for providing visual information and/or a sound device 142 for providing audio information.
- a visual interface screen is provided for the purposes of illustration only as other screen formats and types of information may be provided.
- the device 122 may be weather proofed, such as water-resistant or water proof.
- “dis” 132 refers to the calculated distance of the shot, which is shown as 240 .
- “Clb,” 134 refers to a calculated club head speed, based upon the captured frame data, which is shown as 140 .
- Act 138
- “Tar” refers to target calculated distance and club head speed for this particular player and this particular club that the player is trying to reproduce to build strong muscle memory. These numbers may be selected by the player and/or recommended by the feedback and analysis system taking in account player's physical attributes, such as height, weight, age, ability, past performance, etc.
- “Driver,” 140 refers to the club identified by the device prior to the shot.
- the wearable feedback device 122 may be operable to store environment, trajectory and club data which may be uploaded to a computer or other device, such as a device connected to the Internet. Also, the feedback and analysis device may include this capability. In one embodiment, the feedback device 122 may include a processor and integrated or removable memory, such as “flash memory,” or a small hard drive. The device 122 may include a wireless and/or wired interface port, such as a port for a USB connection, that allows the device to be coupled to another device and possibly to receive power.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 are examples of interface screens for a trajectory detection and analysis system for golf. These interface screens may be provided on a remote computer, such as a home computer, after a session, such as a round of golf or a trip to the driving range, where the feedback and analysis device is utilized. Further, interface screens of this type may be provide while the feedback and analysis device is being utilized, such as via a display screen coupled to the feedback and analysis device (e.g., see FIG. 7B ).
- a display 150 on the computer or Internet may appear as shown in FIG. 4 .
- “swing skill” may be the analysis done on the data that is being presented.
- the large frame may display the trajectory of the last 10 shots color-coded for speed where a photo of player is in the background.
- “Swing Summary”, “Swing Log” and “Noah Rankings” may be examples of other analyses/displays that are available and which the user may switch to using a suitable input device, such as a touch screen, mouse or keyboard.
- “Print Session” may allow a display page to be printed.
- “Driver” may identify the club associated with the data. The club analyzed may be player selectable.
- “10 swings” may identify the number of swings analyzed. The number of the swings analyzed as well as the session in which the swings were analyzed may be player selectable.
- “Target” may identify the personalized calculated distance or club head speed the golfer is trying to achieve.
- Min”, “Max”, “Average” may display the minimum, maximum and average calculated distance and club head speed for the 10 shots.
- Scale on the right hand side may identify the skill of the player's ability to reproduce the same calculated distance and club speed with every swing. Formula could be based upon a weighted average of the standard deviation of calculated distance and club speed. “Expert III” may indicate the current skill level for these 10 shots as displayed on the scale.
- a display interface 160 may appear as shown in FIG. 5 : “attribute”, “club”, “country”, “state”, “time period”, “gender” and “age” may be selected from pull down menus. “ID” may be a self-identified name for use on the web. “Distance” may be an example of one trajectory parameter, in this case calculated distance, for the ranking reported in the identified categories.
- a watch-like device or other real time display may be the communication link among two or more golfers in one or more locations.
- a network such as the Internet or other medium
- the golfers may engage in a real-time competition using results from one or more analysis and feedback devices. Examples of real time games using unmodified clubs and balls may include, but are not limited to:
- trajectory information may be utilized as part of a video game simulation.
- multiple analysis and feedback device may be used to allow a player to play a realistic game of golf with another player in a remote location.
- Trajectory information collected from the multiple devices may be integrated with course (fairway, rough, hazard, green) information, including satellite top-down views or pedestrian side views. This information may be stored on a remote device separate from the analysis and feedback device.
- Each player (number not limited to four) participating in the virtual golf game may be on the course, at a driving range or in a backyard. Calculated ball position outcome may be realistic enough to allow two players to play Pebble Beach on the real course and then at a later time play Pebble Beach in a virtual manner with the players at different locations, such as Player A in Cleveland and Player B in Chicago.
- the real golf and the virtual golf may be accomplished with the same golf equipment, the same balls and a similar score outcome with each shot having the same landing position on the real course or the virtual course.
- Putting may be added with or without the benefit of a ball by watching the club swing (may require pre-calibration as described earlier).
- Sand traps may be added by allowing the player to hit the ball with a sand wedge off a mat or other surface, measuring the actual trajectory and then calculating the results of the sand shot using the pre-calibration to normalize for the effect of the sand trap material and slope.
- Lining up the direction of the shot may take place in advance of the shot by positioning a laser line on the view of the virtual course. Then the calculated shot may be positioned on the virtual course based on how the actual swing and golf ball were struck.
- the system may allow communication connections that allow each of the players to see the results of their shots on the real or virtual course.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a trajectory detection and analysis system 100 for one embodiment.
- the components of the system 100 may be enclosed within a single housing or may be divided between a plurality of different housings enclosing different components of the system. Further, the system 100 may include different components that are not shown, such as the peripheral devices and remote servers.
- Physical information 216 is input into the system 100 via sensors 212 .
- a machine vision system may be used where the machine vision system comprises one or more cameras 201 (e.g., a CCD camera) and a video capture card 203 for digitizing captured frame data.
- the video capture card 203 may capture color pixel data.
- the camera 201 may employ a 3.5-8 mm zoom lens and may allow for different lens attachments.
- the system may employ a plurality of cameras arranged on a mechanism that allows different type cameras to be rotated or moved into place where only one camera is used at a time to record frame data. The different cameras may allow the detection volume of the system to be adjusted.
- the digitized frame data from a machine vision system and other sensor data may be processed by a computer 202 .
- the computer 202 may be a modified PC using a 1.6 GHz processor 204 w/RAM and a CD-RW drive 205 for inputting and outputting data and software.
- the computer 202 may also include a mass storage device, such as hard drive 207 and various network/device communication interfaces, such as wireless and wired network interfaces, for connecting to a local area network (LAN), wide-area network (WAN) or the Internet.
- the device communication interfaces may allow the computer to communicate with a plurality of peripheral devices and other remote system components.
- the computer 202 may include operating system software 206 for controlling system resources, such as feedback interfaces 213 and the system input/output mechanisms 215 .
- the computer 202 may be used to execute analysis software 208 for analyzing trajectories using the sensor data from sensors 212 and for generating feedback information 217 .
- the analysis software 208 may include software for providing various services, such as 1) providing a list or a plot of trajectory session information comprising one or more of physical information, trajectory parameters and feedback information for the plurality of trajectories, 2) comparing the trajectory session information from the trajectory session with trajectory session information from one or more different trajectory sessions, 3) generating trajectory session parameters used to characterize a human's performance in the trajectory session, 4) predicting performance improvement as a function of the trajectory session parameters, 5) prescribing actions for improving performance and 6) performing video editing tasks.
- various services such as 1) providing a list or a plot of trajectory session information comprising one or more of physical information, trajectory parameters and feedback information for the plurality of trajectories, 2) comparing the trajectory session information from the trajectory session with trajectory session information from one or more different trajectory sessions, 3) generating trajectory session parameters used to characterize a human's performance in the trajectory session, 4) predicting performance improvement as a function of the trajectory session parameters, 5) prescribing actions for improving performance and 6) performing video editing tasks.
- the computer 202 may also be used to execute database software for relating physical information 216 and other information generated by the computer 202 to player identification information (e.g., name, age, address, team, school, etc.) and session identification information (e.g., time, data, location, number of trajectories analyzed, types of shots, etc.).
- player identification information e.g., name, age, address, team, school, etc.
- session identification information e.g., time, data, location, number of trajectories analyzed, types of shots, etc.
- Power to the computer 202 and other devices may be provided from the power supply 209 .
- the power supply 209 may be a re-chargeable battery or a fuel cell.
- the power supply 209 may include one or more power interfaces for receiving power from an external source, such as an AC outlet, and conditioning the power for use by the various system components.
- the system 100 may include photocells that are used to provide direct power and charge an internal battery.
- Feedback information 217 used by clients of the system 100 to improve their trajectory skills, may be output through one or more feedback interface devices 213 , such as a sound projection device 211 .
- the system may be capable of outputting feedback information 217 to a plurality of different devices simultaneously in a plurality of different formats, such as visual formats, auditory formats and kinetic formats.
- the system 100 may support a plurality of different input/output mechanisms 215 that are used to input/display operational information 218 for the system 100 .
- the operational information 218 may include calibration and configuration setting inputs for the system and system components.
- a touch screen display 210 may be used to input and display operational information 218 using a plurality menus. Menus may be available for configuring and setting up the system 100 , for allowing a player to sign into the system and to select preferred setting for the system 100 and for viewing session information 219 in various formats that have been generated by the system.
- the printer 214 may be used to output hard copies of the session information 219 for a player or other client of the system 100 .
- the present invention is not limited to a touch screen display as an interface for operational information.
- Other input mechanisms such as but not limited, a key board, a mouse, a touch pad, a joystick and a microphone w/voice recognition software may be used to input operation information 218 into the system.
- FIGS. 6A-6C are perspective drawings of exemplary components of a trajectory detection and analysis system.
- the figure is provided to illustrate types of components in a trajectory system and not mean to limit various form factors and configurations of these components. For instance, the locations, sizes and form factors of these components could look substantially different if they were integrated into a golf bag. Further, every component of the system need not be included in every embodiment. For instance, the sound output device 211 may be eliminated in some designs or made substantially smaller, which could alter the form factor of the design.
- a camera 201 used in a machine vision system a touch screen display 210 , a computer 202 and a sound projection device 211 are integrated into a housing 300 with a support chassis 301 .
- the system 100 may also include an amplifier for the speaker 211 (not shown).
- Wheels 304 are attached to the chassis 301 to allow the system 100 to be easily moved and positioned for use.
- the chassis of devices of the present invention may be designed with a weight and a form factor, which may facilitate transport, storage and unobtrusive set-up, calibration and operation of the device.
- the device includes a handle 303 attached to panels 300 comprising the housing that may be used to move the device and which may aid in set-up and storage of the device.
- a travel system may be used that incorporates a portable computer system such as laptop that is connected to a machine vision system with the camera 201 . To use the travel system, it may be placed on top of a support platform, such as a tripod, a table, a chair or even coupled to a golf bag or golf cart.
- the travel system may provide feedback information via a wireless communication interface to audio device, such as an “earbud,” worn by the player or wearable feed back device described with respect to FIG. 3 .
- the travel system may generate output signals that may be routed through a portable audio system (e.g., a boom box) for amplification via speakers on the audio system to provide feedback information.
- FIG. 7 is an information flow diagram for a trajectory detection and analysis system of the present invention.
- a sensor system 502 which may comprise emitters 506 and detectors 506 , receives physical information 507 .
- the physical information 507 may be energy signals reflected from a tracked object 508 , such as a golf ball.
- the physical information 507 may be sent as signals from the sensors to a detector 504 .
- the physical information 508 is transmitted through a medium such as air.
- the sensor system 502 may convert the physical information 507 to sensor data signals 509 .
- a charge-coupling device generates electronic signals in response to photons striking a sensor array.
- the sensor data signals 509 may be sent through a wired or wireless connection to a sensor interface 510 , which provides signal conditioning.
- the signal conditioning may be needed to allow the sensor data 509 to be processed. For instance, prior to analysis, video frame data may be digitized by a video capture card.
- the conditioned signals 511 may be processed according to system control software and according to trajectory analysis software 513 using set-up and control inputs 512 that have been input into the system.
- the system control software 513 may analyze portions of the data 511 to determine whether the sensor system 502 is operating properly. Based-upon the analysis of the data 511 , the system control software may provide calibration instructions and other operational instructions to the sensor system which may be transmitted to the sensors via the sensor interface 510 .
- the trajectory analysis software 513 may be used to process the conditioned signals 511 and generate trajectory parameters.
- the trajectory parameters may be used to generate feedback information.
- the feedback information may be one or more trajectory parameters or a combination of trajectory parameters, such as a ratio of trajectory parameters or a product of trajectory parameters that may be useful to a system client in improving their trajectory skills.
- the present invention may provide feedback to the player nearly immediately, within a second or within 10 seconds as measured from some time state along the trajectory that has been analyzed by the system. For instance, when information on the beginning of the trajectory is directly generated by the system, then the time to provide feedback may be measured from the time when the trajectory is initiated and then first detected by the system. When information on the end of the trajectory is directly measured, then the time to provide feedback may be measured from the time to when the trajectory has neared completion and has been detected by the system.
- the feedback information may be sent as feedback information parameters 516 to one or more device interfaces 517 .
- the device interfaces 517 may communicate with a plurality of feedback devices.
- the device interfaces 517 which may include device drivers, may transmit device data/commands 518 to a feedback device interface 519 located on each feedback device.
- the device data/commands 518 may be used to control the operation of the feedback devices.
- the output from the feedback device may also be modified using set-up/control inputs 520 that may vary for each device.
- the feedback devices may output the feedback information parameters 516 received as device data 518 in one of an audio, visual or kinetic format 521 depending on the capabilities of the feedback device.
- the device interface 517 may send device data/commands 518 to a display that allows a numeric value of a feedback information parameter 516 to be viewed on the display by one of the system clients 522 , such as players, coaches and spectators.
- a device interface 517 may send device data/commands 518 to an audio output device that allows feedback information parameters 516 to be output in an audio format to one or more of the system clients 522 .
- the feedback parameters 516 generated from the trajectory analysis software 513 and other raw data generated from the sensor system 502 may be sent to session storage 515 .
- the session storage 515 may accumulate trajectory data from a plurality of trajectories generated during a trajectory session for one or more players. All of a portion of the trajectory data 514 may be sent to archival storage 525 when the session has been completed. For example, only a portion of the raw data, such as video frame data, may be sent to archival storage. Further, the data may be filtered for bad data prior to being sent to archival storage 525 .
- the archival storage 525 may include a database used to relate trajectory data from one or more trajectory sessions to the conditions of the trajectory session, such as time place and location, and player identification information.
- the archival data 524 and session data 514 may be used to provide one or more services 523 including but not limited to 1) a session record of trajectory parameters (see FIG. 7 ), 2) session diagnostics, 3) prescription for improvement, 4) a history comparison of trajectory data from different sessions, 5) individual/group comparisons of trajectory session data, 6) video analysis and editing tools, 7) simulations (e.g., predicting a player's driving distance improvement based upon changing one or more of their swing parameters and 8) entertainment.
- a player's trajectory average trajectory parameters and variability may be used in trajectory simulations for a video golf game or another game where the parameters have been measured. Two players that have used the system 100 may both enter their parameters and compete against one another in the video game. The player may also use the game to see how they match up against professional or other athletes who have had their trajectory parameters defined.
- Output from the data services 523 may be converted to a portable record 527 , such as print-out from a printer, or may be formatted for viewing on a graphical interface 528 .
- the graphical interface may also include a storage capacity allowing data to be viewed at a later time.
- the output from the data services 523 such as a portable record 527 or information viewed on the graphical interface 528 , may be used by the system clients 522 .
- the data services 523 may also be provided via a data mining interface 526 .
- the data mining interface 526 may include analysis tools and a graphical interface. When the archival storage is remotely accessible, it may be used to access archived data 524 via a remote connection, such as from the Internet.
- Information passed between the different components in the system as described with respect to FIG. 6 may be transmitted using a number of different wired and wireless communication protocols.
- wire communication USB compatible, Firewire compatible and IEEE 1394 compatible hardware communication interfaces and communication protocols may be used.
- wireless communication hardware and software compatible with standards such as Bluetooth, IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11x (e.g. other IEEE 802.11 standards such as IEEE 802.11c, IEEE 802.11d, IEEE 802.11e, etc.), IRDA, WiFi and HomeRF.
- the trajectory (flight) of a golf ball may be predicted based on an understanding of the dynamics of the club motion and the interaction of the club head with the ball, when contact occurs. Many parameters may be potentially significant: Club geometry (shaft length, weight, club head loft, and stiffness properties, to name a few), the speed and direction of the club head at the moment of contact, the angle of the shaft to the vertical at the moment of contact, the shape of the shaft due to flexing, and the location on the club head where the ball makes contact are some of the primary determinants of ball trajectory. These parameters can be measured either in advance (shaft length and club weight, for example), or in real time by the system (club head speed and direction, for example).
- the interaction of the club head and the ball produces the motion of the ball.
- the ball motion at the instant it loses contact with the club head may be fully described by its position (x, y, z), velocity (Vx, Vy, Vz), and spin (Wx, Wy, Wz). This initial condition can be predicted by modeling the characteristics of the collision using the principles of Newtonian physics.
- the speed of the club head approaching the ball can be decomposed into a component normal to the club head and a component tangential to it. For the moment, any club head motion lateral (sideways) to the club head is neglected as a second-order effect.
- the normal component of the speed determines the speed and direction of the ball, while the tangential component determines the spin (most often backspin). If the club head is much more massive than the ball, the ball speed is approximately double the club head normal speed. If this approximation is not valid, a more detailed analysis of the momentum transfer from the club to the ball is required, involving the relative weights of the two objects, the elasticity of the collision, and the energy contribution of the person swinging the club. This type of analysis may be utilized with the embodiments described herein.
- the spin imparted to the ball by the club is the result of torque applied to the ball by the tangential speed of the club head.
- the torque is the result of frictional force during the time of contact, and the initial spin of the ball can be determined by calculating the impulse of angular momentum that this interaction generates.
- the angular momentum impulse is proportional to the square and cube of the club normal speed. Using empirical determination of the coefficients of the squared and cubed terms in this proportionality, a computation of initial ball spin can be performed in real time by measuring the club head speed.
- the component of spin about the lateral axis, representing topspin or backspin typically has the most effect on the trajectory of the ball.
- the spin about the vertical axis representing sidespin resulting in hooking or slicing motions is usually less important.
- Spin about the longitudinal axis, representing a type of rifling spin of a bullet, is considered insignificant, for this example, but may be included in a trajectory simulation.
- the trajectory of the ball can be calculated from its dynamics of flight and used to provide a player feedback information in real-time.
- the variation of the aerodynamic properties (lift, drag, and side force) with the ball's velocity and spin is a potentially significant effect that may be included as needed to achieve the desired level of accuracy in the performance parameters of interest.
- the coordinate system is shown with respect to FIG. 9 .
- the equations of motion shown above may represent a system of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations, as such, no analytical, closed-form solution exists.
- one practical approach to solving these equations may be to apply a numerical integration scheme. For example, it possible to perform an explicit time integration scheme using a small time increment, ⁇ t, to advance the solution until the desired results are obtained. This example is provided for illustrative purposes only as many other types of numerical schemes may be employed with devices of the present disclosure.
- the present method performs a numerical integration by using a spreadsheet computation to generate a database of the trajectory.
- the database contains all the relevant variables at each time step-acceleration, velocity position, flight angle, etc.
- a database query is then performed to extract the parameters of interest, such as but not limited to flight distance, maximum height, final speed, angle, etc.
- the inputs to the trajectory computation are initial ball speed and flight angle and wind speed.
- the ball speed and flight angle may be deduced from the club speed and loft angle, and if desired as well as a calculation of the ball spin.
- the analysis and feedback devices described herein may be used to acquire these initial conditions.
- capturing the position of the ball 5 or more times within the first 0.1 seconds of flight, or within the first 5 meters of flight allows the initial conditions for trajectory computation of a golf ball to be determined.
- the calculations are fast enough to allow immediate feedback to be provided to a user. For instance, the calculation described above may be performed in less than 1 sec.
- An example calculation is provided as follows.
- the portion of the trajectory captured to determine the initial conditions for the ball as it leaves the club head may be about 5 meters along its flight path.
- the total distance of the shot along its flight path may be 10 meters or longer.
- the distance along its flight path is distinguished from the ground track of the shot, which may be much shorter than the distance along its flight path for a high arcing short.
- the devices described herein may be operable to predict trajectories for shots with ground tracks of various lengths (straight line distance from where the shot leaves the club to where it first hits the ground).
- an initial portion of a trajectory of a shot with an actual ground track distance of 10 meters or longer, 20 meters or longer, 50 meters or longer, 100 meters or longer, 200 meters or longer may be captured with devices described herein and a prediction of the trajectory for the shot including a predicted ground track.
- the device may be operable to determine an actual ground track for the shot including the location where it first impacts the ground, which may be compared with the predicted ground track of the shot including a predicted location where the shot first hits the ground.
- the topography changes may or may not enter into the trajectory calculations. For instance, it may be assumed that the elevation of course is constant between where the shot is made to where it lands. In other embodiments, if an elevation map surrounding the shot is available, it may be possible to account for a change in elevation in predicting where the shot first lands. For example, a player may hit a shot from a higher elevation to a lower elevation which may result in a longer shot then if the ground is flat, which may be accounted for in the predictions of the trajectory devices described herein.
- Sample Trajectory Calculation Club loft angle deg. 10 Initial speed, m/s 57.9 Headwind, m/s 0 Initial flight angle, deg. 10 Initial spin, rpm 3500 Time step, sec 0.1 Air density, kg/m ⁇ circumflex over ( ) ⁇ 3 1.225 ⁇ 3.141593 Ball radius, m 0.02055 Drag area, ⁇ * R2, m2 0.001327 Ball mass, kg 0.05 CD 0.25 CL 0.16 Initial inclination, rad 0.174533 Initial x-velocity, m/s 57.02037 initial y-velocity, m/s 10.05423 Gravitational Acceleration, m/s 9.8 Initial horizontal velocity, m/s 57.02037 Initial vertical velocity, m/s 10.05423 Flight distance, m 153.3384 Max height, m 11.02684 Final speed, m/s 32.11952 Final angle, deg. ⁇ 20.4306 Final horizontal velocity, m/s 30.09907 Final vertical velocity,
- the initial conditions may be derived from data captured using an analysis and feedback device.
- the player may enter the loft of the club manually.
- the device may store a database of club types and their characteristics. Thus, the player may simply enter the club set they are using and the club they used to make the shot and the device may be operable to look up the appropriate data associated with club.
- the device may store a database of ball characteristics, such as coefficients of lift and drag. Thus, the player may enter the ball type they are using and the device may look up needed properties associated with the ball.
- the analysis and feedback device may be operable to identify the club automatically that a player is using for a particular shot.
- radio identification tags may be attached to the clubs that allow the device to determine what club is being used.
- stickers or some other attachment may be provided to each club that may be uniquely identified by the vision system.
- the device may allow a player to enter an estimated wind speed.
- the device may have some wind measuring capabilities as well as other capabilities for determining ambient conditions that may affect a trajectory, such as temperature, humidity and air density (which may vary with altitude as well).
- the calculated trajectory 180 shows x and y distances where y is a height above the ground.
- the maximum height that the ball reaches is approximately 11 meters and the shot travels approximately 153 meters.
- the device may be operable to estimate the distance between shots based upon its lasts position, thus, the amount of roll may be estimated as the calculated distance of the trajectory relative to the actual position of the ball.
- the device may be able to estimate a roll distance based upon an angle that the ball hits the ground, its velocity at impact and conditions on the course, such as a hard or soft ground, etc. This information may be manually input by a player in one embodiment.
- the analysis and feedback device may store the calculated trajectory results and the trajectory shown above may be displayed to the player. Also, as previously, feedback information, derived from the trajectory may be output to the player.
- the ground track of the ball which may show, the amount of slice or draw may also be shown to the player.
- a trajectory of the ball may be output in a 3-D format including but not limited to one or more of simulated flight path in 3-D and a ground track of the ball. Many different aspects of the trajectory may be output and these are provided for illustrated purposes only.
- a quantification of some aspect of the flight of the golf ball derived from a predicted trajectory may be compared with a quantification derived from other means including more direct measurements or other prediction methods. For example, it may be possible for some shots to measure a distance from the analysis and feedback device to a final position of the golf ball or a position to where the golf ball first lands using an additional camera, a range finder coupled to the golf bag or some other direct measurement technique. In another example, a maximum height of a shot may be derivable from a sensor, such as a camera coupled to the feedback device. In yet another example, a player may use a range finder to determine the distance to their ball and then input the data into the analysis and feedback device.
- trajectory prediction adjustment may be performed when a quantity is both predicted using one means and then measured using a separate means.
- the analysis and feedback device may include a GPS device.
- a player may play a few holes or a round of golf where predictions of a golf ball's trajectory are made.
- the device may record its position using a first GPS measurement at a location where the shot is hit, the player may then move the analysis and feedback device to the location where the golf ball landed as part of the preparation for the next shot and the analysis and feedback device may then record its position using a second GPS measurement.
- a distance derived from comparing the first GPS measurement and the second GPS measurement may be compared with a distance derived from a trajectory prediction.
- One or more factors that affect the trajectory prediction may then be adjusted so that the trajectory prediction and the GPS measurements more closely match.
- This process may be repeated over a number of shots to using data fitting techniques to provide a set of parameters for the trajectory prediction.
- the data may be fitted to choose a set of parameters that produce the best results over the range of shots considered.
- the analysis and feedback device may store data related to layouts of various golf courses or data from the analysis and feedback may be uploaded to a site that stores layouts of various golf courses.
- the device may provide a display showing a layout to the hole and possible club recommendations for each shot. After the player makes a shot that is analyzed by the device, the device may show the player's calculated position on the hole.
- a player could see go through a round on a golf course during practice where the player could see how long it took them to reach the green for each hole playing a golf course of their choice.
- a particular hole on a course that a player usually plays provides a challenge to the player could practice various shots they make when they play the hole, such as an initial shot and an approach shot where their progress could be charted.
- the analysis and feedback device may include a GPS location device that records the position of the player while they are playing on a golf course.
- a calculated trajectory and a layout of the course e.g., a layout of the course may be obtained from a source such as Google EarthTM
- a player may be able to view their round on a shot by shot basis as visual simulation progression through the course.
- the device or an associated device that has received data from the analysis and feedback device may be able to provide the player a 3-D simulation of their round from different perspectives, such as from a player's view after each shot or from a perspective that travels with the ball along the actual course layout.
- the 3-D simulation may display trajectory information that was previously recorded and any feedback information that was provided to the player during the round.
Abstract
Description
- This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/880,773, filed on Jan. 16, 2007, entitled “Trajectory Detection and Feedback System for Golf,” which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety and for all purposes.
- This application is related to U.S. application Ser. Nos. 11/507,886 and 11/508,004, both filed Aug. 21, 2006 and both titled, “TRAJECTORY DETECTION AND FEEDBACK SYSTEM,” each of which is incorporated herein in their entirety and for all purposes.
- This application is related to U.S. application Ser. No. 11/972,553, by Marty, et al., filed Jan. 10, 2008, titled “Trajectory Detection and Feedback System for Tennis,” which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety and for all purposes.
- The present invention relates generally to devices and systems for sports training and entertainment and more specifically to a trajectory detection and feed back systems and associated methods for golf.
- There is an on-going interest in providing training methods that allow golfers, both professional players and casual players to improve their game. Currently, simple, non-intrusive, cost effective ways don't exist that allow golfers to train muscle memory for trajectory at the driving range or while playing a round on the course. In particular, to enable confident club selection/shot execution for a needed distance on the course, it is desirable to provide golfers with method and apparatus 1) to train muscle memory for trajectory across a series of clubs, 2) to know whether the range training for trajectory is being correctly reproduced while on the golf course, 3) to measure muscle memory consistency in their swing when ball results are impacted by in-situ environmental conditions, and 4) to make training/practice more entertaining. Methods and apparatus designed or configured to meet these desires are described as follows.
- A system that captures, analyzes and provides feedback related to golf is described. The system may be designed to capture and analyze an initial trajectory of a golf ball and predict a subsequent flight of the ball. The system may be configured to provide immediate feedback that may be utilized by a player to improve their performance as well as provide entertainment value above and beyond what is normally associated with the play of a game of golf. The analysis and feedback system may be portable and usable outdoors. For instance, the analysis and feedback system may be operable for use on a golf course or a driving range.
- One aspect of the invention relates to a device for analyzing a trajectory of a golf ball. The device may be generally characterized as comprising: 1) one or more cameras for recording video frame data used to determine at least initial conditions for predicting a trajectory of a golf ball where only an initial portion of the golf ball's trajectory is captured in the video frame data for the purposes of predicting the trajectory and where the predicted trajectory comprises at least impact with a club to a location where the golf ball is predicted to land; 2) a logic device designed or configured to i) receive the video frame data, ii) identify the golf ball in the video frame data, iii) predict the trajectory of the golf ball accounting for a spin of the golf ball where the trajectory predictions include generating trajectory parameters that characterize one or more states of the golf ball between at least the impact with the club and the location where the golf ball is predicted to land and iv) generate feedback information using the trajectory parameters; and 3) at least one output mechanism for providing the feedback information wherein the device is portable and designed for use outdoors. The device may include two cameras or a stereoscopic camera. One or more portions of the device may be water-resistance or waterproof. Further, the device may be integrated into a golf club bag which may include wheels. The device may be for use on a golf course or on a driving range.
- In particular embodiments, the logic device is further designed or configured 1) to identify a body element of a person swinging the club, 2) to determine a position of the body element, an orientation of the body element, a velocity of the body element or combinations thereof, as a function of time and provide feedback information related to one or more of the position of the body element, the orientation of the body element or the velocity of the body element, 3) to incorporate the position of the body element, the orientation of the body element, the velocity of the body element or combinations thereof, as the function of time into an animated model or combinations thereof. The animated model may be a 3-D skeletal model.
- In particular embodiments, the logic device is further designed or configured to 1) identify the club in the video frame data, 2) determine a position of the club, a velocity of at least one point on the club, an orientation of the club or combinations thereof as a function of time wherein the at least one point on the club may be located on a club head or a clubface, 3) to incorporate the position of the club, the velocity of at least one point on the club, the orientation of the club or combinations thereof as the function of time into an animated model or combinations thereof.
- In yet other embodiments, the device may comprise one or more sensors for determining an orientation of the device where the one or more sensors comprise accelerometers or tilt sensors. The output mechanism may be a wireless interface for outputting the feedback information to one or more remote devices where the remote device may be worn by the player. Further, the output mechanism may be an audio device coupled to the display.
- In particular embodiments, the device may further comprise: a housing, for the one or more cameras, the logic device, and the at least one output mechanism, the housing having a weight and form factor which facilitate one or more of transport, storage, unobtrusive set-up, calibration, or operation of the device. The device may further comprise an input mechanism where the input mechanism is a touch screen display. The input mechanism may be a wireless interface for receiving input from a remote device. The device may further comprise a GPS receiver for determining a location of the device. The logic device may be is a general purpose computer comprising: a processor, a data storage device, RAM, operating system software, device interfaces, device drivers and trajectory analysis software.
- In other embodiments, the device may be capable of one of autonomous set-up, autonomous calibration, autonomous operation or combinations thereof. After manual input of data by a user, a confirmation of data determined by the device, the logic device is further designed or configured to complete a calibration procedure.
- The device may comprise a memory storage device for storing trajectory session information wherein the trajectory session information comprises one or more of 1) digitized video frame data, trajectory information and feedback information generated for a plurality of trajectories, 2) a trajectory session time, 3) a trajectory session date, 4) a trajectory session location and combinations thereof. The device may be designed to determine for a plurality of related trajectories captured by the device a consistency for at least one of the trajectory parameters generated for each of the plurality of related trajectories where the consistency is determined by calculating a statistical deviation. The device of may include: a database of club characteristics for use in the trajectory predictions. The club characteristics include club geometry parameters, club material properties and club mass properties.
- The logic device is further designed or configured to predict a trajectory after the location where the golf ball is predicted to land where a final portion of the golf ball's trajectory includes a prediction of one or more bounces or rolls by the golf ball. The logic device may be further designed or configured to account for a change in elevation between a location where the golf ball is hit to the location to the golf ball is predicted to land in determining where the golf ball is predicted to land.
- The feedback information may be related to one or more of the following: 1) a predicted straight-line distance of the shot, 2) a measured straight-line distance of the shot based, 3) a predicted height of the shot, 4) a measured height of the shot, 5) a predicted landing speed of the shot, 6) the location where the shot is predicted to land, 7) a predicted direction vector of the shot, 8) a measured landing speed of the shot, 9) a measured landing location of the shot, 10) a measured direction vector of the shot, 11) a parameter quantifying trajectory consistency of a plurality of shots with an identical club, 12) a parameter quantifying trajectory spacing of a series of clubs, 13) a measured initial speed of the shot, 14) a measured initial angle of the shot, 15) a measured initial spin of the shot, 16) a measured initial direction vector of the shot, 17) a predicted time aloft, 18) a measured time aloft, 19) a predicted quantification of the amount of draw of the shot, 20) a measured quantification of the amount of the draw of the shot, 21) a predicted quantification of an amount of fade, 22) a measured quantification of an amount of fade, 23) a predicted distance traveled along trajectory of the golf ball, 24) a predicted distance traveled along the ground track of ball, 25) a predicted distance traveled along a line between the shot starting point and a another position, 26) a predicted initial distance from a pin prior to shot minus a final distance from the pin after the shot, 27) a measured initial distance from the pin prior to the shot minus the final distance from the pin after the shot, 28) a predicted distance accounting for a surface with which the golf ball makes contact including one or more of a fairway surface, a green surface, a rough surface, a water surface, a sand surface, a tree surface or combinations thereof, 29) a predicted club head speed at the impact with golf ball, 30) a measured club head speed at the impact with the golf ball, 31) a length of time of a backswing, 32) a length of time of a forward swing or 33) combinations thereof.
- Another aspect of the invention pertains to computer program products including a machine-readable medium on which is stored program instructions for implementing any of the methods described above. Any of the methods of this invention may be represented as program instructions and/or data structures, databases, etc. that can be provided on such computer readable media.
- Aspects of the invention may be implemented by networked gaming machines, game servers and other such devices. These and other features and benefits of aspects of the invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the associated drawings. In addition, other methods, features and advantages of the invention will be or will become apparent to one with skill in the art upon examination of the following figures and detailed description. It is intended that all such additional methods, features and advantages be included within this description, be within the scope of the invention, and be protected by the accompanying claims.
- The included drawings are for illustrative purposes and serve only to provide examples of possible structures and process steps for the disclosed inventive systems and methods for providing game services to remote clients. These drawings in no way limit any changes in form and detail that may be made to the invention by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
-
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an in-situ use of trajectory detection and analysis system for golf. -
FIGS. 2A and 2B are a side perspective view and a top perspective view illustrating a use of a trajectory detection and analysis system for golf that is integrated in a golf club bag. -
FIG. 3 is an example of a wearable feedback interface for a trajectory detection and analysis system for golf. -
FIGS. 4 and 5 are examples of interface screens for a trajectory detection and analysis system for golf. -
FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating exemplary components of a trajectory detection and analysis system. -
FIGS. 7A-7C are perspective drawings illustrating exemplary components of a trajectory detection and analysis system. -
FIG. 8 is an information flow diagram for exemplary components of a trajectory detection and analysis system. -
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a coordinate system for an in-situ determination of a golf ball trajectory including a calculated trajectory distance. - In the following figures, aspects of a system that captures, analyzes and provides feedback related to golf is described. In particular, the system may be designed to capture and analyze an initial trajectory of a golf ball and predict a subsequent flight of the ball. The system may be configured to provide immediate feedback that may be utilized by a player to improve their performance as well as provide entertainment value above and beyond what is normally associated with the play of a game of golf. The analysis and feedback system may be portable and may be operable for use in an area where golf is normally played, such as a golf course or an area where golf training takes place, such as a driving range. In one example, the analysis and feedback system may be integrated into a golf bag. Further, the system may be designed to be non-intrusive such that a player may use the system and receive feedback during normal activities associated with golf.
- Devices, system and methods for analyzing a trajectory of a golf ball are described in the following figures. The trajectory analysis system and associated methods may be utilized for the purposes of both training and entertainment. As an example, in
FIGS. 1 , 2A and 2B an analysis and feedback device, which may be portable and designed to operate on a golf course to provide in-situ trajectory measurements and real-time feedback, is shown. InFIG. 3 , a wearable feedback interface device with a few examples of feedback related to swing mechanics is shown. InFIGS. 4 and 5 analysis screens associated with trajectory measurements are shown. A discussion of exemplary components of a trajectory and analysis feedback system, which are illustrated inFIGS. 6-8 , are provided. An embodiment of a calculation method for determining a flight path of a golf ball is discussed with respect toFIG. 9 . -
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an in-situ use of trajectory detection and analysis system for golf. The device/system 100 may comprise one or more of the following, 1) one or more cameras (or 3D capturing sensors, such as CanestaVision™ Camera Module, Canesta, Inc., Americas Headquarters, Sunnyvale, Calif.) for recording video frame data used to characterize a trajectory of agolf ball 110 hit by aclub 116 swung by auser 120; 2) a logic device designed or configured to i) receive thevideo frame data 106, ii) generate trajectory parameters that characterize one or more states of the golf ball along itstrajectory 102 and iii) generate feedback information using the trajectory parameters; 3) one or more feedback output mechanisms for providing the feedback information to the user as output mechanisms that are operable to output feedback information in video and/or audio formats (e.g., see 122 inFIGS. 2A and 3 ), 4) one or more devices for measuring ambient conditions, 5) a location device, such as a GPS receiver, 6) a communication interface for communicating with one or more remote devices and 7) accelerometer(s) or other sensors for detecting and/or recording a motion associate with a golfer, a motion associated with a golf club, a motion associated with a camera and/or a motion associated with thedevice 100. - Further the device may include a rechargeable or replaceable energy source to power the camera(s), logic device, and/or output signal. This rechargeable or replaceable energy source may be one or more of the following: a battery, a solar panel, a fuel cell or combinations thereof. Further details of apparatus and methodology that may be utilized are described with respect to
FIGS. 2A-9 as well as with respect to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/508,004, entitled, “Trajectory Analysis and Feedback System,” by Marty, et al, filed Aug. 21, 2006, which are incorporated herein by reference and for all purposes. - In
FIG. 1 , aclub head trajectory 114, course objects 108 and 112, a calculated trajectory ofball 102 and actual flight ofball 104, a calculated and actual distance of a golf trajectory are shown. Additional details regarding trajectory calculations are provided with respect toFIG. 9 . The trajectory calculations may be used to provide feedback information touser 120. The feedback information may be related to one or more of the trajectory parameters: 1) a calculated straight-line distance of a shot (from shot location to landing location), 2) actual straight-line distance of a shot, 3) calculated height of a shot, 4) actual height of a shot, 5) calculated landing speed, location and/or direction vector of a shot, 6) actual landing speed, location, and/or direction vector of a shot, 7) a parameter quantifying trajectory consistency of a shot with the same club, 8) a parameter quantifying trajectory spacing of a series of clubs, 9) initial speed, angle, spin and/or direction of a shot, 10) a time aloft, 11) a quantification of an amount of draw, 12) a quantification of an amount of fade, 13) a distance traveled along trajectory of the ball, 14) a distance traveled along ground track of ball, 15) a distance traveled along a line between the shot starting point and a position, such as hole position, 16) a calculated or actual initial distance from pin prior to shot minus final distance from pin after shot, 17) a calculated or actual distance accounting for the surface with which the ball makes contact including fairway, green, rough, water, sand, tree branches, etc., 18) a calculated or actual angle as the ball leaves the ground or tee and 19) a calculated or actual velocity as the ball leaves the ground or tee. - The analysis and feedback device may also be operable to measure and provide feedback on other golf swing parameters associated with the shot. Further, the device may be operable to measure and provide feedback on consistency of these parameters with the same club and across a series of clubs. The feedback information that is provided may be related to one or more of the following: 1) a club head, a portion of the club head (or other part of the club) trajectory parameter at different points along its trajectory (e.g., speed and/or position at different times, amount of time for back swing), 2) a hand (or wrist) movement, 3) a hip movement (lateral, vertical, rotational), 4) a shoulder movement (lateral, vertical, rotational), 5) a head (person) movement, 6) an arm movement, 7) a leg movement, 8) a movement or speed of one body part relative to another body part or relative to point on the club (the feedback may utilize or may provide a 3D skeletal model of body parts with club), 12) an estimated force or torque generated during the swing, etc or a 13) biophysical property, such as breathing rate or heart rate. The device may be operable to analyze the golf swing parameters associated with the golf club and player biomechanics as they relate to any results determined for the ball trajectory and provide appropriate feedback information. For example, if the speed of a player's
back swing trajectory 114 is variable from shot to shot such that back swing speeds that leads to good shots or bad shots may be determined after the results of a series of shots, then the device may provide feedback information, such as “back swing too slow” or “back swing too fast.” - In other embodiments, the
device 100 may be operable to store the trajectory parameters or golf swing parameters for later review, upload, analysis, display and sharing. Further, the device may be operable to provide a video recording of the swing(s) for immediate or delayed review, analysis or sharing. In addition, the analysis and feedback device or an associated device may be operable to integrate data from different sources. For example, a video recording of the swing may be integrated with a plot of the trajectory of the resulting shot. - In a particular embodiment, stored data recorded for a player may be utilized to generate a video simulation, such as a video game simulate of the player playing golf. After playing a round of golf or during a round of golf, data generated and stored by
device 100 may be uploaded via a network or transfer to another storage media for incorporation into a video golf simulation. The video golf simulation might include a recreation of the player's round of golf including each of their shots where portions of the data generated bydevice 100 may be utilized in the modeling used to generate the video golf simulation. - As an example, the video golf simulation might allow the player to look at 3-D animated model of a person emulating their swing parameters. The video golf simulation may allow the user to look at their swing from various angles. Further, the video golf simulation may be operable to point out flaws or areas where the player may improve their golf swing.
- In another example, a series of shots generated by a player and captured by
device 100 may be utilized to populate a database. The database may be used as a basis for a video game where one player competes against another player in a game of golf where the outcome of the golf game is affected by shots selected from the database. For instance, a player may select a club for a stroke in the video game and then take the shot using the selected club, the outcome of the simulated shot may be influenced by an actual shot previously made by the player using the selected club that is stored in the database. Thus, a better golfer with a better database of shots may perform better in the simulated video golf game. - In consumer products, ease of use is always an important concern. To simplify its use, the analysis and
feedback device 100 may be operable to measure a number of variables for at least the purposes of self-calibration. For instance, the device may be operable to sense one or more of the following: its own position, the position of the ball, the position of the ball and device relative to each other, the position of the golfer relative to the ball, the position of the golfer relative to the device. In addition, the device may be to self-calibrate accounting for one or more of the following parameters: ball position, golfer position, device position, slope of land, tilt of device, lighting, wind, humidity, type of club, brand of club, type of ball, identity of golfer, altitude. The device may also be operable to allow manual entry of one or more these parameters. - For purposes of training and/or entertainment, the analysis and feedback device may measure and/or generate one or more parameter(s) that are compiled into a score(s), allowing the player to track and share improvement in score. In some instances, the scores may be shared in a real time or delayed fashion over a medium, such as the Internet, allowing players to compete with each other. In some instances, these scores may be provided to an audience or other players in engaged in a competition with the player.
-
FIGS. 2A and 2B are a side perspective view and a top perspective view illustrating a use of a trajectory detection and analysis system for golf that is integrated in a golf club bag configured to carry golf clubs, such as 128. InFIGS. 2A and 2B , acustom golf bag 126 containing a stereo camera consisting oftop camera 124 andbottom camera 125 may be utilized. In other embodiments, a single camera may be utilized. Thebag 126 may also contain a logic device (not shown) that receives frames captured from thecameras custom watch 122 or other wearable or portable device, which displays club type, ball speed and ball angle immediately after the shot, such as within a few seconds Thewatch 122 or other wearable device may be operable to store a series of shots, including video frame data and/or analysis data, that may later be downloaded to a computer or may be uploaded onto the Internet, if desired. This information may be also stored by the analysis and feedback device, which may have data transfer capabilities.Golf club 116 andgolf ball 110 may be unmodified. An advantage of this approach is that a player may use standard equipment in a native environment (i.e., on the actual golf course). - In one possible set-up, a player may place the golf bag including the analysis and feedback device proximately perpendicular to the direction the ball will be hit and 5′ to 15′ away from the ball. As described above, the analysis and feedback device may include self-calibration capabilities, such as determining its distance from the ball. A player may select a club and sweep the club number (or as another example, a club cover) in front of the lower camera so the club type is identified. Identification may involve optical character recognition of visible or infrared markings or another method such as RFID. The trajectory and feedback device may also include a manual interface, such as a touch screen, that allows this information to be input.
- After data entry and/or acquisition related to the club,
device 126 may output a sound or provide an optical signal that indicates it has determined what club a player is using. Prior to beginning play, a player may have specified what brand of clubs in manner they are using and the feedback device may have determined properties of the clubs, such as mass, length, club loft from data stored with the analysis and feedback device or via remote communication with another device. - Next, the player may set a
ball 110 on a tee (or simply approach the ball) and both cameras may identify the ball allowing the logic device to calculate the distance from the bag to the ball. The ball may be distinguished from other objects in the cameras field of view, such as various other course objects 112. When the ball is identified, a signal may be provided via an interface mechanism available to the player, such as an LED light on the bag changes from red to green signifying the device is ready for the player to hit the shot. As another example, a wearable device coupled to theplayer 122 may emit a visible and/or audible signal to indicate the player is ready to hit the shot. - After player hits the shot,
cameras - The stereo camera may not only allow the speed and direction to be calculated in 2-dimensions, but also to calculate true speed and direction in 3-dimensions correcting for any misalignment from perpendicular in the placement of the bag. An advantage of stereo cameras may be that that it improves ball detection by the vision system by separating the ball from the clutter of colors and patterns in the background. In some embodiments, only a single camera may be used in other embodiments, an additional camera 118 (or sensor) aligned more or less in the direction of the shot may be used to capture a view of the ball in flight.
- The arrangement, described above, may also be used to accurately calculate speed and direction of ball spin without materially changing the club or changing the ball or seeing the ball spin. In one embodiment, this can be accomplished by adding a grid marking to the head of the club facing the camera. The grid markings may be a sticker or a permanent marker template added at the factory during club manufacture. A high-speed camera may be able to measure twist of the club head (velocity and acceleration in multiple linear and rotational dimensions). For a particular player, a more accurate prediction of ball spin and direction may be possibly generated by going through a calibration procedure with an individual club that related specific player, specific club and specific swing with specific head twist (as measured by observing markings through the swing and contact with the ball) and specific ball acceleration result (as measured by camera in the first 20 feet of flight). Then, the measured variables may be related to the final position of ball landing (distance, roll, left and right trajectory and roll). For example, 20 swings with each club may provide a good look up table to give accurate ability to predict final ball result while only observing the club swing and the first 20 feet of ball flight.
- In
FIGS. 1 , 2A and 2B, the example of an implementation of analysis and feedback device for use in golf and associated display interfaces are described for the purposes of clarity and understanding and are not meant to limit the scope of embodiments associated with the analysis and feedback devices described herein. For example, analysis and feedback device and/or system using interface devices other than a watch-like device may be utilized, such as an MP3 player, visor with a display screen, a speaker for audio feedback coupled to the golf bag, or a cell phone. Further, the analysis and feedback device may be provided as unit separate from a golf bag such that the analysis and feedback device may be provided that can be attached to or coupled to a non-custom golf bag or a golf cart. The separate unit may be designed or configured to be utilized while coupled to the golf bag or cart or separate from the golf bag or cart. In the case, where the unit is configured to be utilized while separate from the golf bag or golf cart it still may include attachments that allow it to be secured to these devices for transport purposes. - In
FIGS. 2A and 2B , a watch-like interface device 122 with video display capabilities is described. As noted, other interface devices, such as cell phone or an MP3 player, may be utilized in conjunction with a provided interface device or as an independent interface device. Also, the analysis and feedback device may include an interface display. Further, it may be possible to provide output to a plurality of watches from a single analysis and feedback device. For example, player's playing in a group may each wear a device that is coupled to a single analysis and feedback device. Using the watches, the player's may receive and store information associated with their shots, receive feedback information regarding their shots as well as also view information about other player's shots if desired. Further, a feedback device may be coupled to multiple analysis and feedback devices, such that player's playing in different groups can share information. -
FIG. 3 is an example of a wearable feedback interface for a trajectory detection and analysis system for golf. Thewearable feedback device 122 may include adisplay 130 for providing visual information and/or asound device 142 for providing audio information. One example of a visual interface screen is provided for the purposes of illustration only as other screen formats and types of information may be provided. Thedevice 122 may be weather proofed, such as water-resistant or water proof. - In
FIG. 3 ondisplay 130, “dis” 132 refers to the calculated distance of the shot, which is shown as 240. “Clb,” 134 refers to a calculated club head speed, based upon the captured frame data, which is shown as 140. “Act,” 138, refers to calculated distance and club head speed that has just been measured for a particular shot. “Tar” refers to target calculated distance and club head speed for this particular player and this particular club that the player is trying to reproduce to build strong muscle memory. These numbers may be selected by the player and/or recommended by the feedback and analysis system taking in account player's physical attributes, such as height, weight, age, ability, past performance, etc. “Driver,” 140, refers to the club identified by the device prior to the shot. - The
wearable feedback device 122 may be operable to store environment, trajectory and club data which may be uploaded to a computer or other device, such as a device connected to the Internet. Also, the feedback and analysis device may include this capability. In one embodiment, thefeedback device 122 may include a processor and integrated or removable memory, such as “flash memory,” or a small hard drive. Thedevice 122 may include a wireless and/or wired interface port, such as a port for a USB connection, that allows the device to be coupled to another device and possibly to receive power. -
FIGS. 4 and 5 are examples of interface screens for a trajectory detection and analysis system for golf. These interface screens may be provided on a remote computer, such as a home computer, after a session, such as a round of golf or a trip to the driving range, where the feedback and analysis device is utilized. Further, interface screens of this type may be provide while the feedback and analysis device is being utilized, such as via a display screen coupled to the feedback and analysis device (e.g., seeFIG. 7B ). - As an example, a
display 150 on the computer or Internet may appear as shown inFIG. 4 . InFIG. 4 , “swing skill” may be the analysis done on the data that is being presented. The large frame may display the trajectory of the last 10 shots color-coded for speed where a photo of player is in the background. “Swing Summary”, “Swing Log” and “Noah Rankings” may be examples of other analyses/displays that are available and which the user may switch to using a suitable input device, such as a touch screen, mouse or keyboard. “Print Session” may allow a display page to be printed. “Driver” may identify the club associated with the data. The club analyzed may be player selectable. “10 swings” may identify the number of swings analyzed. The number of the swings analyzed as well as the session in which the swings were analyzed may be player selectable. “Target” may identify the personalized calculated distance or club head speed the golfer is trying to achieve. - “Min”, “Max”, “Average” may display the minimum, maximum and average calculated distance and club head speed for the 10 shots. Scale on the right hand side may identify the skill of the player's ability to reproduce the same calculated distance and club speed with every swing. Formula could be based upon a weighted average of the standard deviation of calculated distance and club speed. “Expert III” may indicate the current skill level for these 10 shots as displayed on the scale.
- In another example, a
display interface 160 may appear as shown inFIG. 5 : “attribute”, “club”, “country”, “state”, “time period”, “gender” and “age” may be selected from pull down menus. “ID” may be a self-identified name for use on the web. “Distance” may be an example of one trajectory parameter, in this case calculated distance, for the ranking reported in the identified categories. - At the range, a watch-like device or other real time display, such as shown in
FIG. 3 , may be the communication link among two or more golfers in one or more locations. Via a network, such as the Internet or other medium, the golfers may engage in a real-time competition using results from one or more analysis and feedback devices. Examples of real time games using unmodified clubs and balls may include, but are not limited to: -
- Greatest cumulative distance achieved in 1 minute. Device would calculate a normalized distance for each shot and would signal the start and stop of 1 minute. Device would then total distance of all shots within the minute and display score of all players.
- Highest consistency skill for 25 shots with the same club. Device would display the skill level of all players when all have completed their 25 shot sessions.
- Most consistent spacing for a series of clubs, for example 3 iron through 9 iron. Each player hits 1 shot with each of the seven clubs. Device calculates a normalized distance for each shot and the change in distance between each pair of clubs in the series (6 scores). Ranking could be done in a number of ways including standard deviation of the 6 pair differences. Players' scores are displayed.
-
- Greatest cumulative height achieved in a minute. Device would calculate a normalized height for each shot and would signal the start and stop of a minute. Device would then total the heights of all shots within the minute and display score of all players.
- Around the world game. Players need to hit the ball into 6 designated spots with a minimum of tries. Additionally, players who hit a designated spot could get an additional try in the same turn.
- Knock out game. Players are given a particular distance to hit the ball. The last player to hit that distance is eliminated. The remaining players are given a new distance to hit the ball. Again, the last player to hit that distance is eliminated. Play continues until only one player, the winner, remains.
- Horse. First player hits the ball a particular distance. All remaining players, in order, must hit the ball within 5 yards of that distance. The first player who does not hit the distance receives a letter H. The next player hits a shot of any distance. Again, all remaining players, in order, must hit the ball within 5 yards of that distance. The first player who does not hit the distance receives a letter. Play continues with each missed shot leading to an additional letter. Players who have 5 letters (spelling HORSE) are eliminated. Game ends when only one player, the winner, remains.
- As described with respect to
FIGS. 2A and 2B , trajectory information may be utilized as part of a video game simulation. In another game example, multiple analysis and feedback device may be used to allow a player to play a realistic game of golf with another player in a remote location. Trajectory information collected from the multiple devices may be integrated with course (fairway, rough, hazard, green) information, including satellite top-down views or pedestrian side views. This information may be stored on a remote device separate from the analysis and feedback device. Each player (number not limited to four) participating in the virtual golf game may be on the course, at a driving range or in a backyard. Calculated ball position outcome may be realistic enough to allow two players to play Pebble Beach on the real course and then at a later time play Pebble Beach in a virtual manner with the players at different locations, such as Player A in Cleveland and Player B in Chicago. - The real golf and the virtual golf may be accomplished with the same golf equipment, the same balls and a similar score outcome with each shot having the same landing position on the real course or the virtual course. Putting may be added with or without the benefit of a ball by watching the club swing (may require pre-calibration as described earlier). Sand traps may be added by allowing the player to hit the ball with a sand wedge off a mat or other surface, measuring the actual trajectory and then calculating the results of the sand shot using the pre-calibration to normalize for the effect of the sand trap material and slope. In one embodiment, Lining up the direction of the shot may take place in advance of the shot by positioning a laser line on the view of the virtual course. Then the calculated shot may be positioned on the virtual course based on how the actual swing and golf ball were struck. The system may allow communication connections that allow each of the players to see the results of their shots on the real or virtual course.
-
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a trajectory detection andanalysis system 100 for one embodiment. The components of thesystem 100 may be enclosed within a single housing or may be divided between a plurality of different housings enclosing different components of the system. Further, thesystem 100 may include different components that are not shown, such as the peripheral devices and remote servers. -
Physical information 216 is input into thesystem 100 viasensors 212. In one embodiment, a machine vision system may be used where the machine vision system comprises one or more cameras 201 (e.g., a CCD camera) and avideo capture card 203 for digitizing captured frame data. Thevideo capture card 203 may capture color pixel data. Thecamera 201 may employ a 3.5-8 mm zoom lens and may allow for different lens attachments. In another embodiment, the system may employ a plurality of cameras arranged on a mechanism that allows different type cameras to be rotated or moved into place where only one camera is used at a time to record frame data. The different cameras may allow the detection volume of the system to be adjusted. - The digitized frame data from a machine vision system and other sensor data may be processed by a
computer 202. Thecomputer 202 may be a modified PC using a 1.6 GHz processor 204 w/RAM and a CD-RW drive 205 for inputting and outputting data and software. Thecomputer 202 may also include a mass storage device, such ashard drive 207 and various network/device communication interfaces, such as wireless and wired network interfaces, for connecting to a local area network (LAN), wide-area network (WAN) or the Internet. The device communication interfaces may allow the computer to communicate with a plurality of peripheral devices and other remote system components. - The
computer 202 may includeoperating system software 206 for controlling system resources, such as feedback interfaces 213 and the system input/output mechanisms 215. Thecomputer 202 may be used to executeanalysis software 208 for analyzing trajectories using the sensor data fromsensors 212 and for generatingfeedback information 217. Theanalysis software 208 may include software for providing various services, such as 1) providing a list or a plot of trajectory session information comprising one or more of physical information, trajectory parameters and feedback information for the plurality of trajectories, 2) comparing the trajectory session information from the trajectory session with trajectory session information from one or more different trajectory sessions, 3) generating trajectory session parameters used to characterize a human's performance in the trajectory session, 4) predicting performance improvement as a function of the trajectory session parameters, 5) prescribing actions for improving performance and 6) performing video editing tasks. Thecomputer 202 may also be used to execute database software for relatingphysical information 216 and other information generated by thecomputer 202 to player identification information (e.g., name, age, address, team, school, etc.) and session identification information (e.g., time, data, location, number of trajectories analyzed, types of shots, etc.). - Power to the
computer 202 and other devices may be provided from thepower supply 209. In one embodiment, thepower supply 209 may be a re-chargeable battery or a fuel cell. Thepower supply 209 may include one or more power interfaces for receiving power from an external source, such as an AC outlet, and conditioning the power for use by the various system components. In one embodiment, for indoor/outdoor models, thesystem 100 may include photocells that are used to provide direct power and charge an internal battery. -
Feedback information 217, used by clients of thesystem 100 to improve their trajectory skills, may be output through one or morefeedback interface devices 213, such as asound projection device 211. In general, the system may be capable of outputtingfeedback information 217 to a plurality of different devices simultaneously in a plurality of different formats, such as visual formats, auditory formats and kinetic formats. - The
system 100 may support a plurality of different input/output mechanisms 215 that are used to input/displayoperational information 218 for thesystem 100. Theoperational information 218 may include calibration and configuration setting inputs for the system and system components. In one embodiment, atouch screen display 210 may be used to input and displayoperational information 218 using a plurality menus. Menus may be available for configuring and setting up thesystem 100, for allowing a player to sign into the system and to select preferred setting for thesystem 100 and forviewing session information 219 in various formats that have been generated by the system. Theprinter 214 may be used to output hard copies of thesession information 219 for a player or other client of thesystem 100. The present invention is not limited to a touch screen display as an interface for operational information. Other input mechanisms, such as but not limited, a key board, a mouse, a touch pad, a joystick and a microphone w/voice recognition software may be used to inputoperation information 218 into the system. -
FIGS. 6A-6C are perspective drawings of exemplary components of a trajectory detection and analysis system. The figure is provided to illustrate types of components in a trajectory system and not mean to limit various form factors and configurations of these components. For instance, the locations, sizes and form factors of these components could look substantially different if they were integrated into a golf bag. Further, every component of the system need not be included in every embodiment. For instance, thesound output device 211 may be eliminated in some designs or made substantially smaller, which could alter the form factor of the design. - In
FIGS. 6A-6C , acamera 201 used in a machine vision system, atouch screen display 210, acomputer 202 and asound projection device 211 are integrated into ahousing 300 with asupport chassis 301. Thesystem 100 may also include an amplifier for the speaker 211 (not shown). -
Wheels 304 are attached to thechassis 301 to allow thesystem 100 to be easily moved and positioned for use. In general, the chassis of devices of the present invention may be designed with a weight and a form factor, which may facilitate transport, storage and unobtrusive set-up, calibration and operation of the device. For instance, the device includes ahandle 303 attached topanels 300 comprising the housing that may be used to move the device and which may aid in set-up and storage of the device. - The
speaker 211 takes up a large portion of the internal volume of the system. In one embodiment, a travel system may be used that incorporates a portable computer system such as laptop that is connected to a machine vision system with thecamera 201. To use the travel system, it may be placed on top of a support platform, such as a tripod, a table, a chair or even coupled to a golf bag or golf cart. The travel system may provide feedback information via a wireless communication interface to audio device, such as an “earbud,” worn by the player or wearable feed back device described with respect toFIG. 3 . In another embodiment, the travel system may generate output signals that may be routed through a portable audio system (e.g., a boom box) for amplification via speakers on the audio system to provide feedback information. -
FIG. 7 is an information flow diagram for a trajectory detection and analysis system of the present invention. Asensor system 502, which may compriseemitters 506 anddetectors 506, receivesphysical information 507. Thephysical information 507 may be energy signals reflected from a tracked object 508, such as a golf ball. In the case where sensors are mounted to the tracked object 508, then thephysical information 507 may be sent as signals from the sensors to adetector 504. Typically, the physical information 508 is transmitted through a medium such as air. - The
sensor system 502 may convert thephysical information 507 to sensor data signals 509. For instance, a charge-coupling device generates electronic signals in response to photons striking a sensor array. The sensor data signals 509 may be sent through a wired or wireless connection to asensor interface 510, which provides signal conditioning. The signal conditioning may be needed to allow thesensor data 509 to be processed. For instance, prior to analysis, video frame data may be digitized by a video capture card. - In 513, the conditioned
signals 511 may be processed according to system control software and according totrajectory analysis software 513 using set-up and controlinputs 512 that have been input into the system. Thesystem control software 513 may analyze portions of thedata 511 to determine whether thesensor system 502 is operating properly. Based-upon the analysis of thedata 511, the system control software may provide calibration instructions and other operational instructions to the sensor system which may be transmitted to the sensors via thesensor interface 510. - The
trajectory analysis software 513 may be used to process the conditionedsignals 511 and generate trajectory parameters. The trajectory parameters may be used to generate feedback information. The feedback information may be one or more trajectory parameters or a combination of trajectory parameters, such as a ratio of trajectory parameters or a product of trajectory parameters that may be useful to a system client in improving their trajectory skills. - Depending such factors as the application (trajectory of a specific type of object), the set-up and components of the system, the environment in which the system is used and what portion of the trajectory of an object the device is used to measure, the present invention may provide feedback to the player nearly immediately, within a second or within 10 seconds as measured from some time state along the trajectory that has been analyzed by the system. For instance, when information on the beginning of the trajectory is directly generated by the system, then the time to provide feedback may be measured from the time when the trajectory is initiated and then first detected by the system. When information on the end of the trajectory is directly measured, then the time to provide feedback may be measured from the time to when the trajectory has neared completion and has been detected by the system.
- The feedback information may be sent as
feedback information parameters 516 to one or more device interfaces 517. The device interfaces 517 may communicate with a plurality of feedback devices. The device interfaces 517, which may include device drivers, may transmit device data/commands 518 to afeedback device interface 519 located on each feedback device. The device data/commands 518 may be used to control the operation of the feedback devices. The output from the feedback device may also be modified using set-up/control inputs 520 that may vary for each device. - The feedback devices may output the
feedback information parameters 516 received asdevice data 518 in one of an audio, visual orkinetic format 521 depending on the capabilities of the feedback device. For example, thedevice interface 517 may send device data/commands 518 to a display that allows a numeric value of afeedback information parameter 516 to be viewed on the display by one of thesystem clients 522, such as players, coaches and spectators. As another example, adevice interface 517 may send device data/commands 518 to an audio output device that allowsfeedback information parameters 516 to be output in an audio format to one or more of thesystem clients 522. - The
feedback parameters 516 generated from thetrajectory analysis software 513 and other raw data generated from thesensor system 502 may be sent tosession storage 515. Thesession storage 515 may accumulate trajectory data from a plurality of trajectories generated during a trajectory session for one or more players. All of a portion of thetrajectory data 514 may be sent toarchival storage 525 when the session has been completed. For example, only a portion of the raw data, such as video frame data, may be sent to archival storage. Further, the data may be filtered for bad data prior to being sent toarchival storage 525. Thearchival storage 525 may include a database used to relate trajectory data from one or more trajectory sessions to the conditions of the trajectory session, such as time place and location, and player identification information. - The
archival data 524 andsession data 514 may be used to provide one ormore services 523 including but not limited to 1) a session record of trajectory parameters (seeFIG. 7 ), 2) session diagnostics, 3) prescription for improvement, 4) a history comparison of trajectory data from different sessions, 5) individual/group comparisons of trajectory session data, 6) video analysis and editing tools, 7) simulations (e.g., predicting a player's driving distance improvement based upon changing one or more of their swing parameters and 8) entertainment. As an example of entertainment, a player's trajectory average trajectory parameters and variability may be used in trajectory simulations for a video golf game or another game where the parameters have been measured. Two players that have used thesystem 100 may both enter their parameters and compete against one another in the video game. The player may also use the game to see how they match up against professional or other athletes who have had their trajectory parameters defined. - Output from the
data services 523 may be converted to aportable record 527, such as print-out from a printer, or may be formatted for viewing on agraphical interface 528. The graphical interface may also include a storage capacity allowing data to be viewed at a later time. The output from thedata services 523, such as aportable record 527 or information viewed on thegraphical interface 528, may be used by thesystem clients 522. The data services 523 may also be provided via adata mining interface 526. Thedata mining interface 526 may include analysis tools and a graphical interface. When the archival storage is remotely accessible, it may be used to accessarchived data 524 via a remote connection, such as from the Internet. - Information passed between the different components in the system as described with respect to
FIG. 6 may be transmitted using a number of different wired and wireless communication protocols. For instance, for wire communication, USB compatible, Firewire compatible and IEEE 1394 compatible hardware communication interfaces and communication protocols may be used. For wireless communication, hardware and software compatible with standards such as Bluetooth, IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11x (e.g. other IEEE 802.11 standards such as IEEE 802.11c, IEEE 802.11d, IEEE 802.11e, etc.), IRDA, WiFi and HomeRF. - The trajectory (flight) of a golf ball may be predicted based on an understanding of the dynamics of the club motion and the interaction of the club head with the ball, when contact occurs. Many parameters may be potentially significant: Club geometry (shaft length, weight, club head loft, and stiffness properties, to name a few), the speed and direction of the club head at the moment of contact, the angle of the shaft to the vertical at the moment of contact, the shape of the shaft due to flexing, and the location on the club head where the ball makes contact are some of the primary determinants of ball trajectory. These parameters can be measured either in advance (shaft length and club weight, for example), or in real time by the system (club head speed and direction, for example).
- The interaction of the club head and the ball produces the motion of the ball. The ball motion at the instant it loses contact with the club head may be fully described by its position (x, y, z), velocity (Vx, Vy, Vz), and spin (Wx, Wy, Wz). This initial condition can be predicted by modeling the characteristics of the collision using the principles of Newtonian physics.
- The speed of the club head approaching the ball can be decomposed into a component normal to the club head and a component tangential to it. For the moment, any club head motion lateral (sideways) to the club head is neglected as a second-order effect. The normal component of the speed determines the speed and direction of the ball, while the tangential component determines the spin (most often backspin). If the club head is much more massive than the ball, the ball speed is approximately double the club head normal speed. If this approximation is not valid, a more detailed analysis of the momentum transfer from the club to the ball is required, involving the relative weights of the two objects, the elasticity of the collision, and the energy contribution of the person swinging the club. This type of analysis may be utilized with the embodiments described herein.
- The spin imparted to the ball by the club is the result of torque applied to the ball by the tangential speed of the club head. The torque is the result of frictional force during the time of contact, and the initial spin of the ball can be determined by calculating the impulse of angular momentum that this interaction generates. The angular momentum impulse is proportional to the square and cube of the club normal speed. Using empirical determination of the coefficients of the squared and cubed terms in this proportionality, a computation of initial ball spin can be performed in real time by measuring the club head speed. The component of spin about the lateral axis, representing topspin or backspin, typically has the most effect on the trajectory of the ball. The spin about the vertical axis, representing sidespin resulting in hooking or slicing motions is usually less important. Spin about the longitudinal axis, representing a type of rifling spin of a bullet, is considered insignificant, for this example, but may be included in a trajectory simulation.
- Once the initial motion of the ball is known—position, velocity, and spin vectors—the trajectory of the ball can be calculated from its dynamics of flight and used to provide a player feedback information in real-time. The variation of the aerodynamic properties (lift, drag, and side force) with the ball's velocity and spin is a potentially significant effect that may be included as needed to achieve the desired level of accuracy in the performance parameters of interest.
- An example of one methodology for calculating the trajectory of a golf ball is provided below for the purposes of illustration only. More or less complex simulations may be used and this example is not meant to be a limiting description of analysis and feedback devices described herein.
- The motion of a golf ball in flight may be described by the following equations.
-
- where the variables are defined as,
Acceleration components in x, y, z direction
{umlaut over (x)}, ÿ, {umlaut over (z)} Velocity components in x, y, z, direction
{dot over (x)}, {dot over (y)}, ż Velocity components in x, y, z, direction
x Direction toward target - z To the right when facing target
ρ Air density
s Cross-sectional area of ball
m Mass of ball
wx, wz Wind velocity components
CD Drag coefficient
CL Lift coefficient
CN Side force coefficient
α Angle of flight above horizontal
β Angle of flight to right of target
g Gravitational acceleration - The coordinate system is shown with respect to
FIG. 9 . The equations of motion shown above may represent a system of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations, as such, no analytical, closed-form solution exists. With the computing power readily available in today's low cost personal computers, or even portable devices, such as cell phones, one practical approach to solving these equations may be to apply a numerical integration scheme. For example, it possible to perform an explicit time integration scheme using a small time increment, Δt, to advance the solution until the desired results are obtained. This example is provided for illustrative purposes only as many other types of numerical schemes may be employed with devices of the present disclosure. - The present method performs a numerical integration by using a spreadsheet computation to generate a database of the trajectory. The database contains all the relevant variables at each time step-acceleration, velocity position, flight angle, etc. A database query is then performed to extract the parameters of interest, such as but not limited to flight distance, maximum height, final speed, angle, etc.
- The inputs to the trajectory computation are initial ball speed and flight angle and wind speed. The ball speed and flight angle may be deduced from the club speed and loft angle, and if desired as well as a calculation of the ball spin. The analysis and feedback devices described herein may be used to acquire these initial conditions.
- For example, using a camera based system, capturing the position of the
ball 5 or more times within the first 0.1 seconds of flight, or within the first 5 meters of flight, alternatively, allows the initial conditions for trajectory computation of a golf ball to be determined. The calculations are fast enough to allow immediate feedback to be provided to a user. For instance, the calculation described above may be performed in less than 1 sec. An example calculation is provided as follows. - As described above, the portion of the trajectory captured to determine the initial conditions for the ball as it leaves the club head may be about 5 meters along its flight path. The total distance of the shot along its flight path may be 10 meters or longer. The distance along its flight path is distinguished from the ground track of the shot, which may be much shorter than the distance along its flight path for a high arcing short. The devices described herein may be operable to predict trajectories for shots with ground tracks of various lengths (straight line distance from where the shot leaves the club to where it first hits the ground). For example, an initial portion of a trajectory of a shot with an actual ground track distance of 10 meters or longer, 20 meters or longer, 50 meters or longer, 100 meters or longer, 200 meters or longer may be captured with devices described herein and a prediction of the trajectory for the shot including a predicted ground track. In some embodiments, the device may be operable to determine an actual ground track for the shot including the location where it first impacts the ground, which may be compared with the predicted ground track of the shot including a predicted location where the shot first hits the ground.
- The topography changes may or may not enter into the trajectory calculations. For instance, it may be assumed that the elevation of course is constant between where the shot is made to where it lands. In other embodiments, if an elevation map surrounding the shot is available, it may be possible to account for a change in elevation in predicting where the shot first lands. For example, a player may hit a shot from a higher elevation to a lower elevation which may result in a longer shot then if the ground is flat, which may be accounted for in the predictions of the trajectory devices described herein.
-
Sample Trajectory Calculation Club loft angle, deg. 10 Initial speed, m/s 57.9 Headwind, m/ s 0 Initial flight angle, deg. 10 Initial spin, rpm 3500 Time step, sec 0.1 Air density, kg/m{circumflex over ( )}3 1.225 π 3.141593 Ball radius, m 0.02055 Drag area, π * R2, m2 0.001327 Ball mass, kg 0.05 CD 0.25 CL 0.16 Initial inclination, rad 0.174533 Initial x-velocity, m/s 57.02037 initial y-velocity, m/s 10.05423 Gravitational Acceleration, m/s 9.8 Initial horizontal velocity, m/s 57.02037 Initial vertical velocity, m/s 10.05423 Flight distance, m 153.3384 Max height, m 11.02684 Final speed, m/s 32.11952 Final angle, deg. −20.4306 Final horizontal velocity, m/s 30.09907 Final vertical velocity, m/s −11.212 - In the example above, as previously described, in one embodiment the initial conditions may be derived from data captured using an analysis and feedback device. In embodiment, the player may enter the loft of the club manually. In another embodiment, the device may store a database of club types and their characteristics. Thus, the player may simply enter the club set they are using and the club they used to make the shot and the device may be operable to look up the appropriate data associated with club. Similarly, the device may store a database of ball characteristics, such as coefficients of lift and drag. Thus, the player may enter the ball type they are using and the device may look up needed properties associated with the ball.
- In addition, the analysis and feedback device may be operable to identify the club automatically that a player is using for a particular shot. For example, radio identification tags may be attached to the clubs that allow the device to determine what club is being used. In another embodiment, stickers or some other attachment may be provided to each club that may be uniquely identified by the vision system. In some embodiments, the device may allow a player to enter an estimated wind speed. In other embodiments, the device may have some wind measuring capabilities as well as other capabilities for determining ambient conditions that may affect a trajectory, such as temperature, humidity and air density (which may vary with altitude as well).
- In
FIG. 9 , thecalculated trajectory 180 shows x and y distances where y is a height above the ground. The maximum height that the ball reaches is approximately 11 meters and the shot travels approximately 153 meters. Although not shown, it may also be possible to estimate a roll of the shot after landing if desired by the player. For example, if the device has GPS detection, then when the player moves to the location of the ball for the next shot, the device may be operable to estimate the distance between shots based upon its lasts position, thus, the amount of roll may be estimated as the calculated distance of the trajectory relative to the actual position of the ball. In another example, the device may be able to estimate a roll distance based upon an angle that the ball hits the ground, its velocity at impact and conditions on the course, such as a hard or soft ground, etc. This information may be manually input by a player in one embodiment. - The analysis and feedback device may store the calculated trajectory results and the trajectory shown above may be displayed to the player. Also, as previously, feedback information, derived from the trajectory may be output to the player. The ground track of the ball, which may show, the amount of slice or draw may also be shown to the player. As another example, a trajectory of the ball may be output in a 3-D format including but not limited to one or more of simulated flight path in 3-D and a ground track of the ball. Many different aspects of the trajectory may be output and these are provided for illustrated purposes only.
- In some embodiments, a quantification of some aspect of the flight of the golf ball derived from a predicted trajectory may be compared with a quantification derived from other means including more direct measurements or other prediction methods. For example, it may be possible for some shots to measure a distance from the analysis and feedback device to a final position of the golf ball or a position to where the golf ball first lands using an additional camera, a range finder coupled to the golf bag or some other direct measurement technique. In another example, a maximum height of a shot may be derivable from a sensor, such as a camera coupled to the feedback device. In yet another example, a player may use a range finder to determine the distance to their ball and then input the data into the analysis and feedback device.
- When two techniques are available that provide a prediction or measurement of the same quantity, it may be possible to correct or adjust one or the other. For example, if it is possible to directly measure the height of a shot and to predict the height of a shot, then it may be possible to attribute differences between the trajectory prediction of the height of the shot and the measure height of the shot to a factor, such as wind speed, which may not be directly measurable. If it were possible to attribute the difference in heights to a factor, such as wind speed, then the trajectory prediction might be re-run with one or more variables adjusted, such as wind speed so that the trajectory prediction of the maximum height of the shot more closely matches the measure maximum height of the shot. This type of trajectory prediction adjustment may be performed when a quantity is both predicted using one means and then measured using a separate means.
- In another embodiment, the analysis and feedback device may include a GPS device. As part of a calibration procedure, a player may play a few holes or a round of golf where predictions of a golf ball's trajectory are made. The device may record its position using a first GPS measurement at a location where the shot is hit, the player may then move the analysis and feedback device to the location where the golf ball landed as part of the preparation for the next shot and the analysis and feedback device may then record its position using a second GPS measurement. A distance derived from comparing the first GPS measurement and the second GPS measurement may be compared with a distance derived from a trajectory prediction. One or more factors that affect the trajectory prediction may then be adjusted so that the trajectory prediction and the GPS measurements more closely match. This process may be repeated over a number of shots to using data fitting techniques to provide a set of parameters for the trajectory prediction. The data may be fitted to choose a set of parameters that produce the best results over the range of shots considered.
- In one embodiment, the analysis and feedback device may store data related to layouts of various golf courses or data from the analysis and feedback may be uploaded to a site that stores layouts of various golf courses. Using the layouts, a player may be able in practice, such as at a driving range, to play a simulated golf course of their choice. For instance, the device may provide a display showing a layout to the hole and possible club recommendations for each shot. After the player makes a shot that is analyzed by the device, the device may show the player's calculated position on the hole. Using this method, a player could see go through a round on a golf course during practice where the player could see how long it took them to reach the green for each hole playing a golf course of their choice. In another example, if a particular hole on a course that a player usually plays provides a challenge to the player could practice various shots they make when they play the hole, such as an initial shot and an approach shot where their progress could be charted.
- In another embodiment, the analysis and feedback device may include a GPS location device that records the position of the player while they are playing on a golf course. Using the GPS data, a calculated trajectory and a layout of the course (e.g., a layout of the course may be obtained from a source such as Google Earth™), after a round a golf, a player may be able to view their round on a shot by shot basis as visual simulation progression through the course. The device or an associated device that has received data from the analysis and feedback device may be able to provide the player a 3-D simulation of their round from different perspectives, such as from a player's view after each shot or from a perspective that travels with the ball along the actual course layout. The 3-D simulation may display trajectory information that was previously recorded and any feedback information that was provided to the player during the round.
- Although the foregoing invention has been described in detail by way of illustration and example for purposes of clarity and understanding, it will be recognized that the above described invention may be embodied in numerous other specific variations and embodiments without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Certain changes and modifications may be practiced, and it is understood that the invention is not to be limited by the foregoing details, but rather is to be defined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (45)
Priority Applications (13)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/015,445 US8409024B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2008-01-16 | Trajectory detection and feedback system for golf |
US12/966,301 US8617008B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2010-12-13 | Training devices for trajectory-based sports |
US13/693,912 US9283431B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2012-12-04 | Trajectory detection and feedback system |
US13/693,918 US8622832B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2012-12-04 | Trajectory detection and feedback system |
US13/745,429 US9694238B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2013-01-18 | Trajectory detection and feedback system for tennis |
US14/089,667 US9238165B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2013-11-25 | Training devices for trajectory-based sports |
US14/167,876 US9370704B2 (en) | 2006-08-21 | 2014-01-29 | Trajectory detection and feedback system for tennis |
US14/176,406 US9345929B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2014-02-10 | Trajectory detection and feedback system |
US14/221,337 US9283432B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2014-03-21 | Trajectory detection and feedback system |
US14/979,401 US10471325B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2015-12-27 | Training devices for trajectory-based sports |
US15/258,587 US10610757B1 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2016-09-07 | Systems and methods for tracking basketball shots |
US15/366,606 US11123605B1 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2016-12-01 | Systems and methods for monitoring basketball shots |
US15/608,490 US10092793B1 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2017-05-30 | Trajectory detection and feedback systems for tennis |
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US32302901P | 2001-09-12 | 2001-09-12 | |
US34805702P | 2002-01-11 | 2002-01-11 | |
US39587502P | 2002-07-12 | 2002-07-12 | |
US10/242,373 US7094164B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2002-09-11 | Trajectory detection and feedback system |
US11/508,004 US7854669B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2006-08-21 | Trajectory detection and feedback system |
US88077307P | 2007-01-16 | 2007-01-16 | |
US12/015,445 US8409024B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2008-01-16 | Trajectory detection and feedback system for golf |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/508,004 Continuation-In-Part US7854669B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2006-08-21 | Trajectory detection and feedback system |
Related Child Applications (4)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/966,301 Continuation-In-Part US8617008B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2010-12-13 | Training devices for trajectory-based sports |
US13/693,918 Continuation US8622832B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2012-12-04 | Trajectory detection and feedback system |
US13/693,912 Continuation US9283431B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2012-12-04 | Trajectory detection and feedback system |
US13/745,429 Continuation US9694238B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2013-01-18 | Trajectory detection and feedback system for tennis |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20080182685A1 US20080182685A1 (en) | 2008-07-31 |
US20120238380A9 true US20120238380A9 (en) | 2012-09-20 |
US8409024B2 US8409024B2 (en) | 2013-04-02 |
Family
ID=39668644
Family Applications (7)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/015,445 Active 2026-09-27 US8409024B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2008-01-16 | Trajectory detection and feedback system for golf |
US13/693,912 Expired - Lifetime US9283431B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2012-12-04 | Trajectory detection and feedback system |
US13/693,918 Expired - Fee Related US8622832B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2012-12-04 | Trajectory detection and feedback system |
US13/745,429 Expired - Lifetime US9694238B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2013-01-18 | Trajectory detection and feedback system for tennis |
US14/176,406 Expired - Lifetime US9345929B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2014-02-10 | Trajectory detection and feedback system |
US14/221,337 Expired - Lifetime US9283432B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2014-03-21 | Trajectory detection and feedback system |
US15/608,490 Expired - Fee Related US10092793B1 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2017-05-30 | Trajectory detection and feedback systems for tennis |
Family Applications After (6)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/693,912 Expired - Lifetime US9283431B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2012-12-04 | Trajectory detection and feedback system |
US13/693,918 Expired - Fee Related US8622832B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2012-12-04 | Trajectory detection and feedback system |
US13/745,429 Expired - Lifetime US9694238B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2013-01-18 | Trajectory detection and feedback system for tennis |
US14/176,406 Expired - Lifetime US9345929B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2014-02-10 | Trajectory detection and feedback system |
US14/221,337 Expired - Lifetime US9283432B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2014-03-21 | Trajectory detection and feedback system |
US15/608,490 Expired - Fee Related US10092793B1 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2017-05-30 | Trajectory detection and feedback systems for tennis |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (7) | US8409024B2 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20090036237A1 (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2009-02-05 | Pro Tee Systems, Inc. | Golf gaming systems and methods |
US20120136464A1 (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2012-05-31 | Bridgestone Sports Co., Ltd. | Golf swing classification method, system, device, and program |
US20120277036A1 (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2012-11-01 | Golfzon Co., Ltd. | Apparatus and method for virtual golf simulation imaging mini map |
US8597142B2 (en) * | 2011-06-06 | 2013-12-03 | Microsoft Corporation | Dynamic camera based practice mode |
US10416457B2 (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2019-09-17 | Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. | Waterproofed wearable displaying device |
US20220134183A1 (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2022-05-05 | Vc Inc. | Electronic device guiding falling point of ball and system including the same |
Families Citing this family (266)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8409024B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2013-04-02 | Pillar Vision, Inc. | Trajectory detection and feedback system for golf |
US8617008B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2013-12-31 | Pillar Vision, Inc. | Training devices for trajectory-based sports |
KR101244440B1 (en) | 2004-07-02 | 2013-03-18 | 트랙맨 에이/에스 | A method and an apparatus for determining a deviation between an actual direction of a launched projectile and a predetermined direction |
US7697827B2 (en) | 2005-10-17 | 2010-04-13 | Konicek Jeffrey C | User-friendlier interfaces for a camera |
US9370704B2 (en) * | 2006-08-21 | 2016-06-21 | Pillar Vision, Inc. | Trajectory detection and feedback system for tennis |
US8113964B2 (en) * | 2006-09-27 | 2012-02-14 | Norman Matheson Lindsay | Methods and systems for identifying the launch positions of descending golf balls |
US8083617B2 (en) * | 2006-09-30 | 2011-12-27 | Cg Holdings, Llc | Portable golf spectator information system |
US8408982B2 (en) | 2007-05-24 | 2013-04-02 | Pillar Vision, Inc. | Method and apparatus for video game simulations using motion capture |
JP4388567B2 (en) * | 2007-06-26 | 2009-12-24 | 学校法人 関西大学 | Golf club analysis method |
US8444509B2 (en) | 2007-09-28 | 2013-05-21 | Karsten Manufacturing Corporation | Methods, apparatus, and systems to custom fit golf clubs |
US9675862B2 (en) * | 2007-09-28 | 2017-06-13 | Karsten Manufacturing Corporation | Methods, apparatus, and systems to custom fit golf clubs |
US20100151956A1 (en) * | 2007-09-28 | 2010-06-17 | Swartz Gregory J | Methods, apparatus, and systems to custom fit golf clubs |
US8371962B2 (en) | 2007-09-28 | 2013-02-12 | Karsten Manufacturing Corporation | Methods apparatus, and systems to custom fit golf clubs |
US8734214B2 (en) * | 2007-11-29 | 2014-05-27 | International Business Machines Corporation | Simulation of sporting events in a virtual environment |
US20090201263A1 (en) * | 2008-02-08 | 2009-08-13 | James Herbert Hofmann | Golf course management system for golf carts |
US8647214B2 (en) * | 2008-05-29 | 2014-02-11 | Garmin Switzerland Gmbh | Methods and devices for analyzing golf swings |
US8864606B2 (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2014-10-21 | The Invention Science Fund I, Llc | Sports applications for wind profile systems |
US20090326894A1 (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2009-12-31 | Chan Alistair K | Methods of processing wind profile information in sports applications |
US9733392B2 (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2017-08-15 | Deep Sciences, LLC | Methods of using environmental conditions in sports applications |
TWM352384U (en) * | 2008-08-22 | 2009-03-11 | Luff Technology Co Ltd | Wireless detection device for club and system thereof |
US20100061593A1 (en) * | 2008-09-05 | 2010-03-11 | Macdonald Willard S | Extrapolation system for solar access determination |
US9526958B2 (en) | 2012-01-10 | 2016-12-27 | Jack W. Peterson | Digital compass ball marker |
US9597576B2 (en) * | 2008-09-29 | 2017-03-21 | Jack W. Peterson | Method and device for improving putting |
KR102408358B1 (en) | 2009-01-29 | 2022-06-14 | 트랙맨 에이/에스 | An assembly comprising a radar and an imaging element |
EP2405979A4 (en) * | 2009-03-13 | 2015-01-21 | Golfzon Co Ltd | Virtual golf simulation device and method for the same |
KR100923066B1 (en) * | 2009-03-13 | 2009-10-22 | (주) 골프존 | Simulator for realistic golf and control method for the same |
US9233292B2 (en) | 2009-04-08 | 2016-01-12 | Shoot-A-Way, Inc. | System and method for improving a basketball player's shooting including a tracking and control system for tracking, controlling and reporting statistics |
US9017188B2 (en) | 2009-04-08 | 2015-04-28 | Shoot-A-Way, Inc. | System and method for improving a basketball player's shooting including a detection and measurement system |
US10537780B2 (en) | 2009-04-08 | 2020-01-21 | Shoot-A-Way, Inc. | Sensor for detecting whether a basketball player's shot was successful |
US10668333B2 (en) | 2009-11-19 | 2020-06-02 | Wilson Sporting Goods Co. | Football sensing |
US9636550B2 (en) | 2009-11-19 | 2017-05-02 | Wilson Sporting Goods Co. | Football sensing |
US10751579B2 (en) | 2009-11-19 | 2020-08-25 | Wilson Sporting Goods Co. | Football sensing |
US10821329B2 (en) | 2009-11-19 | 2020-11-03 | Wilson Sporting Goods Co. | Football sensing |
US9339710B2 (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2016-05-17 | Wilson Sporting Goods Co. | Sport performance system with ball sensing |
US8882606B2 (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2014-11-11 | Nike, Inc. | Golf swing data gathering method and system |
US9058670B2 (en) | 2010-05-03 | 2015-06-16 | Stats Llc | Trajectory detection and analysis in sporting events |
US9614624B2 (en) | 2010-05-11 | 2017-04-04 | Deep Science, Llc | Optical power source modulation system |
WO2011146386A2 (en) * | 2010-05-16 | 2011-11-24 | Statistical Golf, Llc | Statistically based golf swing analysis kit |
US9934581B2 (en) * | 2010-07-12 | 2018-04-03 | Disney Enterprises, Inc. | System and method for dynamically tracking and indicating a path of an object |
US9940508B2 (en) | 2010-08-26 | 2018-04-10 | Blast Motion Inc. | Event detection, confirmation and publication system that integrates sensor data and social media |
US9261526B2 (en) | 2010-08-26 | 2016-02-16 | Blast Motion Inc. | Fitting system for sporting equipment |
US9396385B2 (en) | 2010-08-26 | 2016-07-19 | Blast Motion Inc. | Integrated sensor and video motion analysis method |
US9607652B2 (en) | 2010-08-26 | 2017-03-28 | Blast Motion Inc. | Multi-sensor event detection and tagging system |
US9619891B2 (en) | 2010-08-26 | 2017-04-11 | Blast Motion Inc. | Event analysis and tagging system |
US9604142B2 (en) | 2010-08-26 | 2017-03-28 | Blast Motion Inc. | Portable wireless mobile device motion capture data mining system and method |
US9247212B2 (en) | 2010-08-26 | 2016-01-26 | Blast Motion Inc. | Intelligent motion capture element |
US9626554B2 (en) | 2010-08-26 | 2017-04-18 | Blast Motion Inc. | Motion capture system that combines sensors with different measurement ranges |
US9211439B1 (en) | 2010-10-05 | 2015-12-15 | Swingbyte, Inc. | Three dimensional golf swing analyzer |
US8960176B2 (en) * | 2010-11-03 | 2015-02-24 | Ball Buddie Llc | Metered ball delivery |
KR101078954B1 (en) * | 2011-03-22 | 2011-11-01 | (주) 골프존 | Apparatus for virtual golf simulation, and sensing device and method used to the same |
KR101048089B1 (en) * | 2011-03-22 | 2011-07-08 | (주) 골프존 | Apparatus for virtual golf simulation, and sensing device and method used to the same |
US20120244969A1 (en) | 2011-03-25 | 2012-09-27 | May Patents Ltd. | System and Method for a Motion Sensing Device |
US20160045786A1 (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2016-02-18 | Karsten Manufacturing Corporation | Systems, methods, and articles of manufacture to measure, analyze and share golf swing and ball motion characteristics |
US10213645B1 (en) | 2011-10-03 | 2019-02-26 | Swingbyte, Inc. | Motion attributes recognition system and methods |
US10118078B2 (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2018-11-06 | Toca Football, Inc. | System, apparatus and method for ball throwing machine and intelligent goal |
US8982216B2 (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2015-03-17 | Nike, Inc. | Portable movement capture device and method of finite element analysis |
US9227129B2 (en) | 2011-12-16 | 2016-01-05 | Nike, Inc. | Method and system for characterizing golf ball striking ability |
WO2013095453A1 (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-06-27 | Intel Corporation | Video feed playback and analysis |
US9339691B2 (en) | 2012-01-05 | 2016-05-17 | Icon Health & Fitness, Inc. | System and method for controlling an exercise device |
JP6018766B2 (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2016-11-02 | ダンロップスポーツ株式会社 | Run simulation method |
US10648803B2 (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2020-05-12 | Nec Corporation | Movement line information generation system, movement line information generation method and movement line information generation program |
JP5994306B2 (en) | 2012-03-15 | 2016-09-21 | ソニー株式会社 | Information processing apparatus, information processing system, and program |
RU2492894C1 (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2013-09-20 | Владимир Евгеньевич Афоньшин | Method of technical and tactical training in game sports |
RU2531876C2 (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2014-10-27 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Синезис" | Indexing method of video data by means of card |
US9524479B2 (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2016-12-20 | Gkps Llc | System, method, and computer readable storage media for managing and processing golf data |
US20140111322A1 (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2014-04-24 | Chad Steelberg | System and Method for Capturing and Transmitting Real Time Sports Performance Data |
US9265991B2 (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2016-02-23 | Sstatzz Oy | Method and system for monitoring movement of a sport projectile |
US10159884B2 (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2018-12-25 | Wilson Sporting Goods Co. | Basketball make-miss shot sensing |
US9656140B2 (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2017-05-23 | Wilson Sporting Goods Co. | Sport performance system with ball sensing |
US9901801B2 (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2018-02-27 | Wilson Sporting Goods Co. | Basketball sensing apparatus |
US9656142B2 (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2017-05-23 | Wilson Sporting Goods Co. | Basketball shot determination system |
US9844704B2 (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2017-12-19 | Wilson Sporting Goods Co. | Basketball sensing apparatus |
US9724570B2 (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2017-08-08 | Wilson Sporting Goods Co. | Ball lighting |
US9656143B2 (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2017-05-23 | Wilson Sporting Goods Co. | Basketball shot determination system |
US9623311B2 (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2017-04-18 | Wilson Sporting Goods Co. | Basketball sensing apparatus |
US9215428B2 (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2015-12-15 | Dorel Juvenile Group, Inc. | Child-monitoring system |
CN103971359A (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2014-08-06 | 株式会社理光 | Method and device for locating object through object detection results of multiple stereo cameras |
US9384671B2 (en) | 2013-02-17 | 2016-07-05 | Ronald Charles Krosky | Instruction production |
WO2014153158A1 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2014-09-25 | Icon Health & Fitness, Inc. | Strength training apparatus with flywheel and related methods |
US10549165B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2020-02-04 | Wilson Sporting Goods Co. | Ball sensing |
US8948457B2 (en) | 2013-04-03 | 2015-02-03 | Pillar Vision, Inc. | True space tracking of axisymmetric object flight using diameter measurement |
DE102013205861A1 (en) | 2013-04-03 | 2014-10-09 | Adidas Ag | Mobile determination of trajectory characteristics of a ball |
AU2014274970C1 (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2019-12-05 | Isolynx, Llc | Object tracking system optimization and tools |
CA2916462C (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2023-08-08 | Origin, Llc | Two-environment game play system |
US11027193B2 (en) | 2013-07-01 | 2021-06-08 | Flyingtee Tech, Llc | Two-environment game play system |
FR3009874A1 (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2015-02-27 | Babolat Vs | METHOD OF CALCULATING A PARAMETER REPRESENTATIVE OF THE ENDURANCE OF A TENNIS PLAYER |
US9113510B2 (en) | 2013-10-14 | 2015-08-18 | I/P Solutions, Inc. | Dimmer for sport simulation environment |
US10134226B2 (en) | 2013-11-07 | 2018-11-20 | Igt Canada Solutions Ulc | Methods and apparatus for controlling casino game machines |
US9589207B2 (en) | 2013-11-21 | 2017-03-07 | Mo' Motion Ventures | Jump shot and athletic activity analysis system |
US10664690B2 (en) | 2013-11-21 | 2020-05-26 | Mo' Motion Ventures | Jump shot and athletic activity analysis system |
EP3623020A1 (en) | 2013-12-26 | 2020-03-18 | Icon Health & Fitness, Inc. | Magnetic resistance mechanism in a cable machine |
WO2015112646A1 (en) | 2014-01-21 | 2015-07-30 | The Football Educator, Llc | Virtual team sport trainer |
US20150202508A1 (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2015-07-23 | Richard Halsey Wise, JR. | System for tracking and analyzing ball location data |
US9911351B2 (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2018-03-06 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Tracking objects during processes |
CN106164817A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2016-11-23 | 罗素商标有限责任公司 | Sporting equipment is mutual with wearable computer |
US10433612B2 (en) | 2014-03-10 | 2019-10-08 | Icon Health & Fitness, Inc. | Pressure sensor to quantify work |
JP2015173862A (en) * | 2014-03-17 | 2015-10-05 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Motion analysis method, motion analysis device, motion analysis system and program |
US11491382B2 (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2022-11-08 | Shooter's Touch, Llc | Basketball performance monitoring system |
JP6380733B2 (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2018-08-29 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Motion analysis device, motion analysis system, motion analysis method, motion analysis information display method and program |
US10821345B2 (en) | 2014-04-25 | 2020-11-03 | Christopher DeCarlo | Sporting device for analyzing an element in a tunnel, apparatus, system, method, and computer program product |
US20170296908A1 (en) * | 2014-05-01 | 2017-10-19 | Craig Williams | Systems and methods for playing basketball |
US9320956B2 (en) | 2014-05-08 | 2016-04-26 | Samuel DEMARCO | Training aid and training method |
US9339714B2 (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2016-05-17 | Arccos Golf Llc | System and method for monitoring performance characteristics associated with user activities involving swinging instruments |
CN106470739B (en) | 2014-06-09 | 2019-06-21 | 爱康保健健身有限公司 | It is incorporated to the funicular system of treadmill |
US9579541B2 (en) | 2014-06-12 | 2017-02-28 | Zepp Labs, Inc. | Removable motion sensor embedded in a sport instrument |
WO2015195965A1 (en) | 2014-06-20 | 2015-12-23 | Icon Health & Fitness, Inc. | Post workout massage device |
US9916001B2 (en) | 2014-07-08 | 2018-03-13 | Wilson Sporting Goods Co. | Sport equipment input mode control |
WO2016007962A1 (en) | 2014-07-11 | 2016-01-14 | ProSports Technologies, LLC | Camera feed distribution from event venue virtual seat cameras |
US9655027B1 (en) | 2014-07-11 | 2017-05-16 | ProSports Technologies, LLC | Event data transmission to eventgoer devices |
WO2016007965A1 (en) | 2014-07-11 | 2016-01-14 | ProSports Technologies, LLC | Ball tracker camera |
US9760572B1 (en) | 2014-07-11 | 2017-09-12 | ProSports Technologies, LLC | Event-based content collection for network-based distribution |
US9571903B2 (en) | 2014-07-11 | 2017-02-14 | ProSports Technologies, LLC | Ball tracker snippets |
US20160019324A1 (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2016-01-21 | WikiModel LLC | Analysis and sharing of custom defined computation models and experimental data |
US10427001B2 (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2019-10-01 | Singleshot Entertainment, Inc. | Method and apparatus for predicting the likely success of golf swings |
US9729644B1 (en) | 2014-07-28 | 2017-08-08 | ProSports Technologies, LLC | Event and fantasy league data transmission to eventgoer devices |
US9837080B2 (en) | 2014-08-21 | 2017-12-05 | International Business Machines Corporation | Detection of target and non-target users using multi-session information |
US9409074B2 (en) | 2014-08-27 | 2016-08-09 | Zepp Labs, Inc. | Recommending sports instructional content based on motion sensor data |
KR102353481B1 (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2022-01-19 | 플라잉티 테크, 엘엘씨 | Multiple sensor tracking system and method |
US9555284B2 (en) | 2014-09-02 | 2017-01-31 | Origin, Llc | Multiple sensor tracking system and method |
US10223931B1 (en) | 2014-09-05 | 2019-03-05 | Fusionetics, LLC | Systems and methods for compensation analysis and targeted, corrective program generation |
US9699523B1 (en) | 2014-09-08 | 2017-07-04 | ProSports Technologies, LLC | Automated clip creation |
WO2016057535A1 (en) | 2014-10-07 | 2016-04-14 | ShotTracker, Inc. | Basketball net which detects shots that have been made successfully |
US9449230B2 (en) | 2014-11-26 | 2016-09-20 | Zepp Labs, Inc. | Fast object tracking framework for sports video recognition |
KR102356599B1 (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2022-01-28 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Method for determining region of interest of image and device for determining region of interest of image |
US20160180544A1 (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-06-23 | Sstatzz Oy | Apparatus for camera-assisted trajectory estimation of a sensorized sports projectile |
US10258828B2 (en) | 2015-01-16 | 2019-04-16 | Icon Health & Fitness, Inc. | Controls for an exercise device |
US10129608B2 (en) | 2015-02-24 | 2018-11-13 | Zepp Labs, Inc. | Detect sports video highlights based on voice recognition |
US10391361B2 (en) | 2015-02-27 | 2019-08-27 | Icon Health & Fitness, Inc. | Simulating real-world terrain on an exercise device |
US10572735B2 (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2020-02-25 | Beijing Shunyuan Kaihua Technology Limited | Detect sports video highlights for mobile computing devices |
US9554160B2 (en) | 2015-05-18 | 2017-01-24 | Zepp Labs, Inc. | Multi-angle video editing based on cloud video sharing |
CN104994256A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-10-21 | 成都西可科技有限公司 | Motion camera supporting real-time live video |
US9744419B1 (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2017-08-29 | Dacks Rodriguez | Vision training system and method of use |
US9956465B1 (en) | 2015-06-26 | 2018-05-01 | Dacks Rodriguez | Vision training aid for baseball and softball tees and soft toss |
US11565163B2 (en) | 2015-07-16 | 2023-01-31 | Blast Motion Inc. | Equipment fitting system that compares swing metrics |
US11577142B2 (en) | 2015-07-16 | 2023-02-14 | Blast Motion Inc. | Swing analysis system that calculates a rotational profile |
US10974121B2 (en) | 2015-07-16 | 2021-04-13 | Blast Motion Inc. | Swing quality measurement system |
US10124230B2 (en) | 2016-07-19 | 2018-11-13 | Blast Motion Inc. | Swing analysis method using a sweet spot trajectory |
US9694267B1 (en) | 2016-07-19 | 2017-07-04 | Blast Motion Inc. | Swing analysis method using a swing plane reference frame |
US9770639B2 (en) | 2015-07-21 | 2017-09-26 | Arccos Golf, Llc | System and method for monitoring performance characteristics associated with user activities involving swinging instruments |
USD797666S1 (en) | 2015-08-04 | 2017-09-19 | Zepp Labs, Inc. | Motion sensor charger |
USD785473S1 (en) | 2015-08-04 | 2017-05-02 | Zepp Labs, Inc. | Motion sensor |
US10953305B2 (en) | 2015-08-26 | 2021-03-23 | Icon Health & Fitness, Inc. | Strength exercise mechanisms |
US11263461B2 (en) | 2015-10-05 | 2022-03-01 | Pillar Vision, Inc. | Systems and methods for monitoring objects at sporting events |
US9734405B2 (en) | 2015-10-05 | 2017-08-15 | Pillar Vision, Inc. | Systems and methods for monitoring objects in athletic playing spaces |
JP6606985B2 (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2019-11-20 | 富士通株式会社 | Image processing method, image processing program, and image processing apparatus |
JP6813762B2 (en) | 2015-11-10 | 2021-01-13 | ディーディースポーツ,インコーポレイテッド | Position and event tracking system for sports matches |
US10143907B2 (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2018-12-04 | Gregoire Gentil | Planar solutions to object-tracking problems |
US10140872B2 (en) | 2016-01-05 | 2018-11-27 | The Mitre Corporation | Camera surveillance planning and tracking system |
US10318819B2 (en) | 2016-01-05 | 2019-06-11 | The Mitre Corporation | Camera surveillance planning and tracking system |
US20170239521A1 (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2017-08-24 | Bruce Packard | Target Golf Game System |
US9600717B1 (en) | 2016-02-25 | 2017-03-21 | Zepp Labs, Inc. | Real-time single-view action recognition based on key pose analysis for sports videos |
US10265602B2 (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2019-04-23 | Blast Motion Inc. | Aiming feedback system with inertial sensors |
US11511156B2 (en) | 2016-03-12 | 2022-11-29 | Arie Shavit | Training system and methods for designing, monitoring and providing feedback of training |
US10561894B2 (en) | 2016-03-18 | 2020-02-18 | Icon Health & Fitness, Inc. | Treadmill with removable supports |
US10272317B2 (en) | 2016-03-18 | 2019-04-30 | Icon Health & Fitness, Inc. | Lighted pace feature in a treadmill |
US10493349B2 (en) | 2016-03-18 | 2019-12-03 | Icon Health & Fitness, Inc. | Display on exercise device |
US10625137B2 (en) | 2016-03-18 | 2020-04-21 | Icon Health & Fitness, Inc. | Coordinated displays in an exercise device |
US10293211B2 (en) | 2016-03-18 | 2019-05-21 | Icon Health & Fitness, Inc. | Coordinated weight selection |
US10441868B2 (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2019-10-15 | Brian Janssen | Full scale digital replay and practice system for use by positional players in a team-based sport |
US10478699B2 (en) | 2016-04-11 | 2019-11-19 | Brian Janssen | Full scale practice and training system, method and software medium utilizing programmable chassis driven drones and tackling dummies in singular and multiple variants such as use by positional players in sole and team-based sports as well as other non-athletic training applications |
US11173376B2 (en) | 2016-04-11 | 2021-11-16 | Brian Janssen | Full scale practice, training and diagnostic system method and software medium including highlighted progression illuminations and field embedded pressure sensors for use by positional players in sole and team-based sports as well as other non-athletic training applications |
US10097745B2 (en) | 2016-04-27 | 2018-10-09 | Zepp Labs, Inc. | Head rotation tracking device for video highlights identification |
US10252109B2 (en) | 2016-05-13 | 2019-04-09 | Icon Health & Fitness, Inc. | Weight platform treadmill |
US10010778B2 (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2018-07-03 | Pillar Vision, Inc. | Systems and methods for tracking dribbling and passing performance in sporting environments |
US9886624B1 (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2018-02-06 | Pillar Vision, Inc. | Systems and methods for tracking dribbling in sporting environments |
US10956723B2 (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2021-03-23 | Pillar Vision, Inc. | Systems and methods for determining reduced player performance in sporting events |
US20170368425A1 (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2017-12-28 | Steven J. Gordon | Position Reckoning System Utilizing a Sports Ball |
US10471299B2 (en) | 2016-07-01 | 2019-11-12 | Icon Health & Fitness, Inc. | Systems and methods for cooling internal exercise equipment components |
US10441844B2 (en) | 2016-07-01 | 2019-10-15 | Icon Health & Fitness, Inc. | Cooling systems and methods for exercise equipment |
US10343015B2 (en) | 2016-08-23 | 2019-07-09 | Pillar Vision, Inc. | Systems and methods for tracking basketball player performance |
US11896884B2 (en) | 2017-08-23 | 2024-02-13 | Pillar Vision, Inc. | Systems and methods for evaluating player performance |
US11413514B2 (en) | 2016-08-23 | 2022-08-16 | Pillar Vision, Inc. | Systems and methods for evaluating player performance |
US10671705B2 (en) | 2016-09-28 | 2020-06-02 | Icon Health & Fitness, Inc. | Customizing recipe recommendations |
US10500473B2 (en) | 2016-10-10 | 2019-12-10 | Icon Health & Fitness, Inc. | Console positioning |
US10376736B2 (en) | 2016-10-12 | 2019-08-13 | Icon Health & Fitness, Inc. | Cooling an exercise device during a dive motor runway condition |
US10207148B2 (en) | 2016-10-12 | 2019-02-19 | Icon Health & Fitness, Inc. | Systems and methods for reducing runaway resistance on an exercise device |
US10444339B2 (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2019-10-15 | Trackman A/S | Skid and roll tracking system |
US10661114B2 (en) | 2016-11-01 | 2020-05-26 | Icon Health & Fitness, Inc. | Body weight lift mechanism on treadmill |
TWI680782B (en) | 2016-12-05 | 2020-01-01 | 美商愛康運動與健康公司 | Offsetting treadmill deck weight during operation |
DE102016224095A1 (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2018-06-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for calibrating a camera and calibration system |
US10839203B1 (en) | 2016-12-27 | 2020-11-17 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Recognizing and tracking poses using digital imagery captured from multiple fields of view |
WO2018136419A1 (en) | 2017-01-17 | 2018-07-26 | Arccos Golf, Llc | Autonomous personalized golf recommendation and analysis environment |
ES2877049T3 (en) | 2017-01-30 | 2021-11-16 | Topgolf Sweden Ab | System and procedure for tracking three-dimensional objects using a combination of radar and image data |
US10319108B2 (en) | 2017-02-14 | 2019-06-11 | Jx Imaging Arts, Llc | System and method for machine vision object orientation measurement |
USD834669S1 (en) | 2017-02-15 | 2018-11-27 | Jonathan Goodman | Basketball shot trainer |
US10118080B2 (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2018-11-06 | Robosport Technologies, Llc | Systems, devices, and methods for virtual and augmented reality sports training |
US20180280760A1 (en) * | 2017-04-03 | 2018-10-04 | Under Armour, Inc. | Apparatus and method for determining athletic readiness |
US10810903B2 (en) | 2017-04-05 | 2020-10-20 | Flyingtee Tech, Llc | Computerized method of detecting and depicting a travel path of a golf ball |
WO2018187865A1 (en) | 2017-04-10 | 2018-10-18 | Ank Partners Inc. | Golf system |
US10786728B2 (en) | 2017-05-23 | 2020-09-29 | Blast Motion Inc. | Motion mirroring system that incorporates virtual environment constraints |
WO2018237256A1 (en) | 2017-06-22 | 2018-12-27 | Centurion VR, LLC | Virtual reality simulation |
TWI744546B (en) | 2017-08-16 | 2021-11-01 | 美商愛康運動與健康公司 | Systems for providing torque resisting axial impact |
US10663938B2 (en) | 2017-09-15 | 2020-05-26 | Kohler Co. | Power operation of intelligent devices |
US10887125B2 (en) | 2017-09-15 | 2021-01-05 | Kohler Co. | Bathroom speaker |
US11099540B2 (en) | 2017-09-15 | 2021-08-24 | Kohler Co. | User identity in household appliances |
US11093554B2 (en) | 2017-09-15 | 2021-08-17 | Kohler Co. | Feedback for water consuming appliance |
US10448762B2 (en) | 2017-09-15 | 2019-10-22 | Kohler Co. | Mirror |
US10748376B2 (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2020-08-18 | NEX Team Inc. | Real-time game tracking with a mobile device using artificial intelligence |
US10489656B2 (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2019-11-26 | NEX Team Inc. | Methods and systems for ball game analytics with a mobile device |
US11232294B1 (en) | 2017-09-27 | 2022-01-25 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Generating tracklets from digital imagery |
US11446550B2 (en) | 2017-10-10 | 2022-09-20 | Christopher DeCarlo | Entertainment forum digital video camera, audio microphone, speaker and display device enabling entertainment participant and remote virtual spectator interaction, apparatus, system, method, and computer program product |
US11839805B2 (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2023-12-12 | Ballogy, Inc. | Computer vision and artificial intelligence applications in basketball |
KR101931592B1 (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2019-03-13 | 주식회사 골프존 | Device for sensing a moving ball and method for computing parameters of moving ball using the same |
US10729965B2 (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2020-08-04 | Icon Health & Fitness, Inc. | Audible belt guide in a treadmill |
CN111954564A (en) | 2018-01-21 | 2020-11-17 | 斯塔特斯公司 | Method and system for interactive, exposable and improved game and player performance prediction in team sports |
EP3740841A4 (en) | 2018-01-21 | 2021-10-20 | Stats Llc | System and method for predicting fine-grained adversarial multi-agent motion |
KR102062974B1 (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2020-01-06 | (주)두산 모빌리티 이노베이션 | System and method for providing service on golf course using fuel cell drone |
WO2019183170A1 (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2019-09-26 | Owl Autonomous Imaging, Inc. | Trajectory detection devices and methods |
EP4156458A1 (en) | 2018-03-27 | 2023-03-29 | DDSports, Inc. | Wireless charging pod and charging pod rack for game devices with rechargeable batteries |
CN117771641A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2024-03-29 | 飞钉科技有限责任公司 | Immersive and reactive game playing range, system and process |
JP7231656B2 (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2023-03-01 | カーステン マニュファクチュアリング コーポレーション | Systems and methods for measuring 3D properties using computer vision |
US10643492B2 (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2020-05-05 | NEX Team Inc. | Remote multiplayer interactive physical gaming with mobile computing devices |
US10549171B2 (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2020-02-04 | Jmc Ventures, L.L.C. Of Delaware | Eyes on golf training aid and method |
US11482045B1 (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2022-10-25 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Associating events with actors using digital imagery and machine learning |
US11468681B1 (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2022-10-11 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Associating events with actors using digital imagery and machine learning |
US11468698B1 (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2022-10-11 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Associating events with actors using digital imagery and machine learning |
WO2020010040A1 (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2020-01-09 | Pillar Vision, Inc. | Systems and methods for determining reduced player performance in sporting events |
RU2690540C1 (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2019-06-04 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Российский государственный университет физической культуры, спорта, молодежи и туризма (ГЦОЛИФК)" (РГУФКСМиТ) | Method of reproducing a standard tennis ball throw-in when serving and device for its implementation |
WO2020013573A1 (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2020-01-16 | 조병구 | Multi-sport and multi-court structure capable of automatically collecting and supplying ball |
US20200023235A1 (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2020-01-23 | Trackman A/S | System and method for optimizing a sports ball launch |
US10850186B2 (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2020-12-01 | In Hing Gordon Chung | Gaming apparatus and a method for operating a game |
CN110833420A (en) | 2018-08-15 | 2020-02-25 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Motion state evaluation method |
US11103763B2 (en) | 2018-09-11 | 2021-08-31 | Real Shot Inc. | Basketball shooting game using smart glasses |
US11141645B2 (en) | 2018-09-11 | 2021-10-12 | Real Shot Inc. | Athletic ball game using smart glasses |
CN112292852A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2021-01-29 | 英特尔公司 | Automatic generation of camera paths |
US10733758B2 (en) | 2018-10-30 | 2020-08-04 | Rapsodo Pte. Ltd. | Learning-based ground position estimation |
US10600334B1 (en) | 2018-12-11 | 2020-03-24 | NEX Team Inc. | Methods and systems for facilitating interactive training of body-eye coordination and reaction time |
US11935423B2 (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2024-03-19 | Darren Michael Smith | Athletic trainer system |
WO2020142517A1 (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2020-07-09 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Systems and methods for remote assessment using gaze tracking |
EP3912090A4 (en) | 2019-03-01 | 2022-11-09 | Stats Llc | Personalizing prediction of performance using data and body-pose for analysis of sporting performance |
US11045705B2 (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2021-06-29 | NEX Team Inc. | Methods and systems for 3D ball trajectory reconstruction |
US11406887B2 (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2022-08-09 | Flyingtee Tech, Llc | Multiplayer, multisport indoor game system and method |
US11400355B1 (en) | 2019-06-07 | 2022-08-02 | Shoot-A-Way, Inc. | Basketball launching device with a camera for detecting made shots |
US11577146B1 (en) | 2019-06-07 | 2023-02-14 | Shoot-A-Way, Inc. | Basketball launching device with off of the dribble statistic tracking |
AU2020298144B2 (en) | 2019-06-17 | 2022-05-26 | Ddsports, Inc. | Sports ball with electronics housed in shock-absorbing carrier |
FR3098411B1 (en) | 2019-07-10 | 2021-11-12 | Sofiane Bentayeb | Fun and sports training device |
US10682569B1 (en) | 2019-08-09 | 2020-06-16 | Tim Vale | Golf game system |
JP2022545441A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2022-10-27 | フライングティー テック,エルエルシー | Multiplayer multisport indoor game system and method |
US11157742B2 (en) | 2019-09-04 | 2021-10-26 | NEX Team Inc. | Methods and systems for multiplayer tagging for ball game analytics generation with a mobile computing device |
USD972675S1 (en) | 2019-09-06 | 2022-12-13 | Airborne Athletics, Inc. | Basketball passing machine |
US11135500B1 (en) | 2019-09-11 | 2021-10-05 | Airborne Athletics, Inc. | Device for automatic sensing of made and missed sporting attempts |
EP4052225A1 (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2022-09-07 | 18.Events | Computer system for the video surveillance of at least one stage of a golf course |
CN110929595A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-03-27 | 河海大学 | System and method for training or entertainment with or without ball based on artificial intelligence |
US11207582B2 (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2021-12-28 | Toca Football, Inc. | System and method for a user adaptive training and gaming platform |
US11443516B1 (en) * | 2020-04-06 | 2022-09-13 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Locally and globally locating actors by digital cameras and machine learning |
US11398094B1 (en) | 2020-04-06 | 2022-07-26 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Locally and globally locating actors by digital cameras and machine learning |
US11844981B2 (en) | 2020-06-05 | 2023-12-19 | Ank Partners Inc. | Golf ball placement system and a method of operating the same |
CN115715385A (en) | 2020-06-05 | 2023-02-24 | 斯塔特斯公司 | System and method for predicting formation in sports |
US11514590B2 (en) | 2020-08-13 | 2022-11-29 | Toca Football, Inc. | System and method for object tracking |
US11710316B2 (en) | 2020-08-13 | 2023-07-25 | Toca Football, Inc. | System and method for object tracking and metric generation |
WO2022040289A1 (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2022-02-24 | Huupe Inc. | Interactive basketball system |
CN114980984A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2022-08-30 | 丹尼斯·阿多马科 | Basketball shooting device |
CN116324668A (en) | 2020-10-01 | 2023-06-23 | 斯塔特斯公司 | Predicting NBA zenithal and quality from non-professional tracking data |
US11833404B2 (en) * | 2020-10-08 | 2023-12-05 | Precision Pro Sports, Llc | Personalized adjusted yardage recommendation systems |
KR20220049407A (en) | 2020-10-14 | 2022-04-21 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Display apparatus and control method thereof |
CN112546585A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-26 | 盐城盐龙文化体育产业投资有限公司 | Basketball apron trainer for physical training |
US11927686B2 (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2024-03-12 | Zebra Technologies Corporation | Determining a flight path of an object |
JP7005737B1 (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-01-24 | 楽天グループ株式会社 | Golf swing analysis system, golf swing analysis method and program |
EP4302266A1 (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2024-01-10 | Trackman A/S | System and method for player's identification |
KR102580092B1 (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2023-09-20 | 김광연 | System, device, method and program for coaching basketball |
KR102324657B1 (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-11-10 | 주식회사 유라이크 | Golf Analysis Device with Calibration Function |
US11397071B1 (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2022-07-26 | Vladimir V. Maslinkovskiy | System and method for anti-blinding target game |
US20230104313A1 (en) * | 2021-10-01 | 2023-04-06 | Stats Llc | Recommendation Engine for Combining Images and Graphics of Sports Content based on Artificial Intelligence Generated Game Metrics |
WO2023064192A2 (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2023-04-20 | Within Unlimited, Inc. | System to determine a real-time user-engagement state during immersive electronic experiences |
CN115223103B (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2022-11-22 | 深圳市研超科技有限公司 | High-altitude parabolic detection method based on digital image processing |
US11712610B1 (en) | 2023-01-11 | 2023-08-01 | Shoot-A-Way, Inc. | Ultrasonic shots-made detector for basketball launching device |
Citations (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4177994A (en) * | 1976-12-20 | 1979-12-11 | University Of Iowa Research Foundation | Golf game and practice apparatus |
US5092602A (en) * | 1990-11-26 | 1992-03-03 | Witler James L | Golfing apparatus |
US5375832A (en) * | 1990-11-26 | 1994-12-27 | Witler; James L. | Golfing apparatus |
US5413345A (en) * | 1993-02-19 | 1995-05-09 | Nauck; George S. | Golf shot tracking and analysis system |
US5471383A (en) * | 1992-01-22 | 1995-11-28 | Acushnet Company | Monitoring systems to measure and display flight characteristics of moving sports object |
US5798519A (en) * | 1996-02-12 | 1998-08-25 | Golf Age Technologies, Inc. | Method of and apparatus for golf driving range distancing using focal plane array |
US5879246A (en) * | 1994-10-20 | 1999-03-09 | The Distancecaddy Company L.L.C. | Informational/training video system |
US5938545A (en) * | 1997-06-05 | 1999-08-17 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Video system for determining a location of a body in flight |
US6142437A (en) * | 1998-02-05 | 2000-11-07 | Wilkins, Jr.; Guy | Video camera and umbrella supports for golf cars, golf pull carts and golf carry bags |
US6285445B1 (en) * | 1999-09-17 | 2001-09-04 | Acushnet Company | Method for determining aerodynamic characteristics of a golf ball |
US20010023209A1 (en) * | 2000-03-15 | 2001-09-20 | Akio Yamamoto | Ball motion measuring apparatus |
US6304665B1 (en) * | 1998-04-03 | 2001-10-16 | Sportvision, Inc. | System for determining the end of a path for a moving object |
US6320173B1 (en) * | 1996-02-12 | 2001-11-20 | Curtis A. Vock | Ball tracking system and methods |
US20020098898A1 (en) * | 2001-01-19 | 2002-07-25 | Manwaring Scott R. | System and method for measuring a golfer's ball striking parameters |
US20020155896A1 (en) * | 2001-02-14 | 2002-10-24 | William Gobush | Launch monitor system and a method for use thereof |
US20020173367A1 (en) * | 2001-02-14 | 2002-11-21 | William Gobush | Performance measurement system with fluorescent markers for golf equipment |
US6488591B1 (en) * | 1998-09-18 | 2002-12-03 | Acushnet Company | Method and apparatus to determine golf ball trajectory and flight |
US6514081B1 (en) * | 1999-08-06 | 2003-02-04 | Jeffrey L. Mengoli | Method and apparatus for automating motion analysis |
US6520864B1 (en) * | 1999-07-07 | 2003-02-18 | Peter J. Wilk | Method for tracking golf ball |
US20030073518A1 (en) * | 2001-09-12 | 2003-04-17 | Pillar Vision Corporation | Trajectory detection and feedback system |
US6669571B1 (en) * | 1998-09-17 | 2003-12-30 | Acushnet Company | Method and apparatus for determining golf ball performance versus golf club configuration |
US6781621B1 (en) * | 1998-09-18 | 2004-08-24 | Acushnet Company | Launch monitor system with a calibration fixture and a method for use thereof |
US7214138B1 (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 2007-05-08 | Bgi Acquisition, Llc | Golf ball flight monitoring system |
Family Cites Families (139)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US420788A (en) * | 1890-02-04 | Grain-conveyer | ||
US4268029A (en) * | 1977-09-01 | 1981-05-19 | Collins Andrew P | Recreational basketball apparatus with multiple moving goals |
US4160942A (en) * | 1977-09-12 | 1979-07-10 | Acushnet Company | Golf ball trajectory presentation system |
US4375674A (en) | 1980-10-17 | 1983-03-01 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Kinesimetric method and apparatus |
US4337049A (en) * | 1981-01-09 | 1982-06-29 | Connelly Edward M | Method and system for automated training of manual skills |
US4545576A (en) * | 1982-01-15 | 1985-10-08 | Harris Thomas M | Baseball-strike indicator and trajectory analyzer and method of using same |
US4565527A (en) * | 1983-02-07 | 1986-01-21 | Burchett Barry L | Method and apparatus for training a human by feedback enhanced learning |
US4699379A (en) * | 1984-02-03 | 1987-10-13 | Robert E. Chateau | Athletic monitoring device |
US4813436A (en) | 1987-07-30 | 1989-03-21 | Human Performance Technologies, Inc. | Motion analysis system employing various operating modes |
US4893182A (en) * | 1988-03-18 | 1990-01-09 | Micronyx, Inc. | Video tracking and display system |
US4999603A (en) * | 1989-01-05 | 1991-03-12 | Mele Thomas C | Multi-functional basketball game monitoring unit |
US5039977A (en) * | 1989-01-05 | 1991-08-13 | Mele Thomas C | Multifunctional basketball game monitoring unit |
GB2237449B (en) * | 1989-09-30 | 1994-03-30 | Hi Trak Systems Ltd | Transmitter and antenna |
US5580575A (en) | 1989-12-22 | 1996-12-03 | Imarx Pharmaceutical Corp. | Therapeutic drug delivery systems |
US5486001A (en) * | 1991-05-30 | 1996-01-23 | Baker; Rick | Personalized instructional aid |
US5098090A (en) * | 1991-06-27 | 1992-03-24 | Mark Juhl | Basketball return device |
US5138322A (en) * | 1991-08-20 | 1992-08-11 | Matrix Engineering, Inc. | Method and apparatus for radar measurement of ball in play |
US5515378A (en) | 1991-12-12 | 1996-05-07 | Arraycomm, Inc. | Spatial division multiple access wireless communication systems |
US5365427A (en) * | 1992-01-10 | 1994-11-15 | Soignet Gerard C | Method and apparatus for indicating the optimal shot path of a basketball |
US5210603A (en) * | 1992-01-21 | 1993-05-11 | Sabin Donald C | Automated video recording device for recording a golf swing |
US5418517A (en) * | 1992-01-31 | 1995-05-23 | Lifetime Products, Inc. | Basketball scoring apparatus |
US5303924A (en) * | 1992-04-29 | 1994-04-19 | Accu-Sport International, Inc. | Golf game simulating apparatus and method |
IL102755A (en) * | 1992-08-07 | 1997-04-15 | Alos Officiating Tennis System | Automatic line officiating system and method thereof |
US5342051A (en) * | 1992-10-30 | 1994-08-30 | Accu-Sport International, Inc. | Apparatus and method for tracking the flight of a golf ball |
US5430435A (en) * | 1992-11-13 | 1995-07-04 | Rhys Resources | Adjustable athletic training system |
US5342041A (en) * | 1993-02-05 | 1994-08-30 | Aaron Agulnek | Guiding system for athletes |
FR2701786B1 (en) * | 1993-02-17 | 1995-09-22 | Europ Agence Spatiale | PHOTOVOLTAUIC CELL, ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD, AND SOLAR PANEL COMPRISING SUCH CELLS. |
US6351261B1 (en) * | 1993-08-31 | 2002-02-26 | Sun Microsystems, Inc. | System and method for a virtual reality system having a frame buffer that stores a plurality of view points that can be selected and viewed by the user |
FR2710434B1 (en) | 1993-09-20 | 1995-11-10 | Daver Gil | Device for real-time acquisition of data relating to people on the move. |
US5423554A (en) * | 1993-09-24 | 1995-06-13 | Metamedia Ventures, Inc. | Virtual reality game method and apparatus |
WO1995010915A1 (en) * | 1993-10-12 | 1995-04-20 | Orad, Inc. | Sports event video |
US5577733A (en) * | 1994-04-08 | 1996-11-26 | Downing; Dennis L. | Targeting system |
US5507485A (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1996-04-16 | Roblor Marketing Group, Inc. | Golf computer and golf replay device |
US5566934A (en) | 1994-06-17 | 1996-10-22 | Stringliner Company | Baseball trainer |
US5846086A (en) | 1994-07-01 | 1998-12-08 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | System for human trajectory learning in virtual environments |
WO1996007974A1 (en) | 1994-09-02 | 1996-03-14 | Victor Chartrand | Multimedia golf handicap interactive touch-screen system with electronic card |
US6539336B1 (en) * | 1996-12-12 | 2003-03-25 | Phatrat Technologies, Inc. | Sport monitoring system for determining airtime, speed, power absorbed and other factors such as drop distance |
US5697791A (en) * | 1994-11-29 | 1997-12-16 | Nashner; Lewis M. | Apparatus and method for assessment and biofeedback training of body coordination skills critical and ball-strike power and accuracy during athletic activitites |
US5443258A (en) * | 1994-12-06 | 1995-08-22 | Kinsella; Kevin G. | Basketball return device |
US5768151A (en) * | 1995-02-14 | 1998-06-16 | Sports Simulation, Inc. | System for determining the trajectory of an object in a sports simulator |
US5720485A (en) * | 1995-04-19 | 1998-02-24 | Off The Boards Basketball, Inc. | Multi zone basketball game |
US5785616A (en) * | 1995-05-10 | 1998-07-28 | Dodge; Richard C. | Barrier system for a basketball goal |
US6369952B1 (en) * | 1995-07-14 | 2002-04-09 | I-O Display Systems Llc | Head-mounted personal visual display apparatus with image generator and holder |
US5695415A (en) * | 1995-08-28 | 1997-12-09 | Sundberg-Ferar, Inc. | Basketball backboard aiming device |
US5868578A (en) * | 1995-09-21 | 1999-02-09 | Baum; Charles S. | Sports analysis and testing system |
US5882269A (en) * | 1995-10-16 | 1999-03-16 | Lewis; Robert D | Statistical analysis and feedback system for sports employing a projectile |
US6430997B1 (en) * | 1995-11-06 | 2002-08-13 | Trazer Technologies, Inc. | System and method for tracking and assessing movement skills in multidimensional space |
US6127990A (en) * | 1995-11-28 | 2000-10-03 | Vega Vista, Inc. | Wearable display and methods for controlling same |
US6329964B1 (en) * | 1995-12-04 | 2001-12-11 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Image display device |
US6038368A (en) * | 1996-02-05 | 2000-03-14 | Sony Corporation | System for acquiring, reviewing, and editing sports video segments |
US6396041B1 (en) * | 1998-08-21 | 2002-05-28 | Curtis A. Vock | Teaching and gaming golf feedback system and methods |
US20050012023A1 (en) * | 1996-02-12 | 2005-01-20 | Vock Curtis A. | Ball tracking in three-dimensions |
US5684453A (en) * | 1996-05-01 | 1997-11-04 | Welch; Scott A. | Basketball training apparatus |
US6042490A (en) * | 1996-07-26 | 2000-03-28 | Lenhart; Christopher W. | Systems and methods of playing games in three dimensions |
US5779576A (en) * | 1996-08-20 | 1998-07-14 | Smith Engineering | Throw-measuring football |
US6196932B1 (en) * | 1996-09-09 | 2001-03-06 | Donald James Marsh | Instrumented sports apparatus and feedback method |
US5761096A (en) * | 1996-11-01 | 1998-06-02 | Zakutin; David | Speed-sensing projectile |
DE69738908D1 (en) | 1996-11-27 | 2008-09-25 | Princeton Video Image Inc | INSERT IMAGES IN VIDEO STREAMS USING PHYSICAL SENSORS AND PATTERN RECOGNITION |
US5916048A (en) * | 1997-02-04 | 1999-06-29 | Hurell; Larry | Illuminated basketball goal and basketball |
US6179720B1 (en) * | 1997-05-21 | 2001-01-30 | Accu-Sport International, Inc. | Correlation method and apparatus for target-oriented sports activities |
US6072504A (en) * | 1997-06-20 | 2000-06-06 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Method and apparatus for tracking, storing, and synthesizing an animated version of object motion |
US6430453B1 (en) * | 1997-11-04 | 2002-08-06 | Michael J. Shea | Bowling center system |
WO1999030502A1 (en) * | 1997-12-10 | 1999-06-17 | Goszyk Kurt A | Three-dimensional object path tracking |
US6133946A (en) * | 1998-01-06 | 2000-10-17 | Sportvision, Inc. | System for determining the position of an object |
US6151563A (en) | 1998-01-14 | 2000-11-21 | Silicon Pie, Inc. | Speed, spin rate, and curve measuring device using magnetic field sensors |
US6073086A (en) | 1998-01-14 | 2000-06-06 | Silicon Pie, Inc. | Time of motion, speed, and trajectory height measuring device |
US6148271A (en) * | 1998-01-14 | 2000-11-14 | Silicon Pie, Inc. | Speed, spin rate, and curve measuring device |
US6697103B1 (en) * | 1998-03-19 | 2004-02-24 | Dennis Sunga Fernandez | Integrated network for monitoring remote objects |
US6707487B1 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2004-03-16 | In The Play, Inc. | Method for representing real-time motion |
US7483049B2 (en) | 1998-11-20 | 2009-01-27 | Aman James A | Optimizations for live event, real-time, 3D object tracking |
US6567116B1 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2003-05-20 | James A. Aman | Multiple object tracking system |
US7124425B1 (en) * | 1999-03-08 | 2006-10-17 | Immersion Entertainment, L.L.C. | Audio/video system and method utilizing a head mounted apparatus with noise attenuation |
AT3169U1 (en) | 1999-04-21 | 1999-11-25 | Wagner Herrmann | GOLF TRAINING DEVICE AND GOLF TRAINING SYSTEM |
FR2793484B1 (en) * | 1999-05-12 | 2001-07-06 | Degremont | METHOD, DEVICE AND USE OF THE METHOD FOR THE BIOLOGICAL REMOVAL OF METAL ELEMENTS PRESENT IN THE IONIZED STATE IN WATERS |
JP2003500621A (en) * | 1999-05-25 | 2003-01-07 | フリトソン アーゲー | Method and apparatus for cooking food by baking in an oven box |
JP2000350865A (en) * | 1999-06-11 | 2000-12-19 | Mr System Kenkyusho:Kk | Game device for composite real space, image processing method therefor and program storage medium |
US7084887B1 (en) * | 1999-06-11 | 2006-08-01 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Marker layout method, mixed reality apparatus, and mixed reality space image generation method |
US6389368B1 (en) * | 1999-10-01 | 2002-05-14 | Randal R. Hampton | Basketball goal sensor for detecting shots attempted and made |
US6671390B1 (en) * | 1999-10-18 | 2003-12-30 | Sport-X Inc. | Automated collection, processing and use of sports movement information via information extraction from electromagnetic energy based upon multi-characteristic spatial phase processing |
US6456232B1 (en) | 1999-11-22 | 2002-09-24 | Sportvision, Inc. | System for determining information about a golf club and/or a golf ball |
WO2001054781A2 (en) | 2000-01-27 | 2001-08-02 | Scs Technologies Llc | Position determination of moving object traversing a target zone |
US6778866B1 (en) | 2000-03-16 | 2004-08-17 | Ted S. Bettwy | Method and apparatus for learning specific body motion |
US6839771B1 (en) * | 2000-04-13 | 2005-01-04 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Method and system for using a universal serial bus (USB) as a peer-to-peer network |
US6398670B1 (en) * | 2000-05-25 | 2002-06-04 | Xolf, Inc. | Golf training and game system |
US20030207718A1 (en) * | 2000-10-20 | 2003-11-06 | Perlmutter Michael S. | Methods and systems for analyzing the motion of sporting equipment |
US20020107078A1 (en) * | 2000-12-11 | 2002-08-08 | Collins Robert J. | Detecting movement characteristics of an object |
US6816185B2 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2004-11-09 | Miki Harmath | System and method for judging boundary lines |
US6702292B2 (en) * | 2001-01-18 | 2004-03-09 | Gary S. Takowsky | Game ball system incorporating means for position sensing |
US20020119841A1 (en) * | 2001-02-26 | 2002-08-29 | Sam Foley | Basketball training aid |
US20020131643A1 (en) * | 2001-03-13 | 2002-09-19 | Fels Sol Sidney | Local positioning system |
US20030109322A1 (en) * | 2001-06-11 | 2003-06-12 | Funk Conley Jack | Interactive method and apparatus for tracking and analyzing a golf swing in a limited space with swing position recognition and reinforcement |
US8409024B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2013-04-02 | Pillar Vision, Inc. | Trajectory detection and feedback system for golf |
US8617008B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2013-12-31 | Pillar Vision, Inc. | Training devices for trajectory-based sports |
US10360685B2 (en) | 2007-05-24 | 2019-07-23 | Pillar Vision Corporation | Stereoscopic image capture with performance outcome prediction in sporting environments |
US20030054905A1 (en) | 2001-09-14 | 2003-03-20 | King Willie A. | Monitoring computer system for court and field ball games |
KR100560030B1 (en) * | 2001-11-22 | 2006-03-13 | 고나미 가부시끼가이샤 | Input apparatus of billiard game, billiard game system, input apparatus for game and computer readable memory medium |
US6761643B2 (en) * | 2002-05-09 | 2004-07-13 | John Wayne Boatwright | Training device for teaching pocket billiards |
US7292711B2 (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2007-11-06 | Wintriss Engineering Corporation | Flight parameter measurement system |
IT1331953B1 (en) * | 2002-09-17 | 2006-01-30 | Serena Capriotti | Inner tube with electronic sensors inside that detect the passage of the ball on the goal line even if covered by players |
US9177387B2 (en) | 2003-02-11 | 2015-11-03 | Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. | Method and apparatus for real time motion capture |
US7379559B2 (en) | 2003-05-28 | 2008-05-27 | Trw Automotive U.S. Llc | Method and apparatus for determining an occupant's head location in an actuatable occupant restraining system |
US9199153B2 (en) | 2003-07-30 | 2015-12-01 | Interactive Sports Technologies Inc. | Golf simulation system with reflective projectile marking |
US7811182B2 (en) | 2003-08-28 | 2010-10-12 | Callaway Golf Company | Method for predicting a golfer's ball striking performance |
US7878916B2 (en) | 2003-09-23 | 2011-02-01 | Acushnet Company | Golf club and ball performance monitor having an ultrasonic trigger |
US7182704B2 (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2007-02-27 | Avery Levy | Automated ball game training and playing system |
US20050153785A1 (en) | 2004-01-14 | 2005-07-14 | Dehchuan Sun | Automatic instant video replay apparatus system for sporting |
WO2005081014A1 (en) * | 2004-02-18 | 2005-09-01 | Norman Matheson Lindsay | Methods and systems using prediction of outcome for launched objects |
US20050233815A1 (en) * | 2004-03-18 | 2005-10-20 | Hbl Ltd. | Method of determining a flight trajectory and extracting flight data for a trackable golf ball |
AU2005201321B2 (en) | 2004-03-26 | 2007-08-09 | Sri Sports Limited | Golf swing-diagnosing system |
JP2005278797A (en) * | 2004-03-29 | 2005-10-13 | Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The | System and method for calculating projectile of golf ball |
US20050223799A1 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-10-13 | Brian Murphy | System and method for motion capture and analysis |
US20060105857A1 (en) | 2004-11-17 | 2006-05-18 | Stark David A | Athletic ball telemetry apparatus and method of use thereof |
JP2008528195A (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2008-07-31 | ベントレー・キネティクス・インコーポレーテッド | Method and system for analyzing and indicating motor movement |
US20060189386A1 (en) * | 2005-01-28 | 2006-08-24 | Outland Research, L.L.C. | Device, system and method for outdoor computer gaming |
US20100259539A1 (en) | 2005-07-21 | 2010-10-14 | Nikolaos Papanikolopoulos | Camera placement and virtual-scene construction for observability and activity recognition |
US8016688B2 (en) * | 2005-08-15 | 2011-09-13 | Acushnet Company | Method and apparatus for measuring ball launch conditions |
WO2007067790A2 (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2007-06-14 | Brunswick Bowling & Billiards Corporation | Bowling ball having an rfid tag |
US20080015061A1 (en) * | 2006-07-11 | 2008-01-17 | Klein William M | Performance monitoring in a shooting sport using sensor synchronization |
US7273431B2 (en) | 2006-01-17 | 2007-09-25 | Devall Donald L | Impact measuring game ball |
CN101390383B (en) | 2006-02-23 | 2011-09-21 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Image correction device, method, program, integrated circuit, and system |
US9370704B2 (en) * | 2006-08-21 | 2016-06-21 | Pillar Vision, Inc. | Trajectory detection and feedback system for tennis |
US8083617B2 (en) * | 2006-09-30 | 2011-12-27 | Cg Holdings, Llc | Portable golf spectator information system |
JP5131809B2 (en) | 2006-11-16 | 2013-01-30 | 任天堂株式会社 | GAME DEVICE AND GAME PROGRAM |
US7899307B1 (en) * | 2007-01-04 | 2011-03-01 | Walter Hughes | System, method and computer program product for measuring basketball player performance characteristics during instant replay of video and live sports games |
US20080200287A1 (en) * | 2007-01-10 | 2008-08-21 | Pillar Vision Corporation | Trajectory detection and feedfack system for tennis |
US20080242415A1 (en) | 2007-03-27 | 2008-10-02 | Nazeer Ahmed | Motion-based input for platforms and applications |
US20080268943A1 (en) | 2007-04-26 | 2008-10-30 | Sony Computer Entertainment America Inc. | Method and apparatus for adjustment of game parameters based on measurement of user performance |
US8408982B2 (en) | 2007-05-24 | 2013-04-02 | Pillar Vision, Inc. | Method and apparatus for video game simulations using motion capture |
US8246050B2 (en) * | 2009-01-13 | 2012-08-21 | International Business Machines Corporation | Intelligent system to indicate appropriate trajectories in cue sports |
US9352218B2 (en) | 2009-04-21 | 2016-05-31 | Nintendo Co., Ltd. | Game apparatus and computer-readable storage medium |
KR101626065B1 (en) | 2009-10-13 | 2016-05-31 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Apparatus and method for markerless motion capturing |
JP2013521077A (en) | 2010-03-05 | 2013-06-10 | インタラクティヴ スポーツ テクノロジーズ インコーポレイテッド | Apparatus and method for measuring bending of golf club shaft, and golf simulation system incorporating the apparatus |
US20120142416A1 (en) | 2010-06-01 | 2012-06-07 | Joutras Frank E | Simulated recreational, training and exercise system |
US9436286B2 (en) | 2011-01-05 | 2016-09-06 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for tracking orientation of a user |
US8723789B1 (en) | 2011-02-11 | 2014-05-13 | Imimtek, Inc. | Two-dimensional method and system enabling three-dimensional user interaction with a device |
US8761437B2 (en) | 2011-02-18 | 2014-06-24 | Microsoft Corporation | Motion recognition |
US9619035B2 (en) | 2011-03-04 | 2017-04-11 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Gesture detection and recognition |
WO2013173465A1 (en) | 2012-05-15 | 2013-11-21 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Imaging device capable of producing three dimensional representations and methods of use |
US8711370B1 (en) | 2012-10-04 | 2014-04-29 | Gerard Dirk Smits | Scanning optical positioning system with spatially triangulating receivers |
-
2008
- 2008-01-16 US US12/015,445 patent/US8409024B2/en active Active
-
2012
- 2012-12-04 US US13/693,912 patent/US9283431B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2012-12-04 US US13/693,918 patent/US8622832B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2013
- 2013-01-18 US US13/745,429 patent/US9694238B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2014
- 2014-02-10 US US14/176,406 patent/US9345929B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2014-03-21 US US14/221,337 patent/US9283432B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2017
- 2017-05-30 US US15/608,490 patent/US10092793B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4177994A (en) * | 1976-12-20 | 1979-12-11 | University Of Iowa Research Foundation | Golf game and practice apparatus |
US5092602A (en) * | 1990-11-26 | 1992-03-03 | Witler James L | Golfing apparatus |
US5375832A (en) * | 1990-11-26 | 1994-12-27 | Witler; James L. | Golfing apparatus |
US5471383A (en) * | 1992-01-22 | 1995-11-28 | Acushnet Company | Monitoring systems to measure and display flight characteristics of moving sports object |
US6500073B1 (en) * | 1992-11-20 | 2002-12-31 | Acushnet Company | Method and apparatus to determine golf ball trajectory and flight |
US5413345A (en) * | 1993-02-19 | 1995-05-09 | Nauck; George S. | Golf shot tracking and analysis system |
US5879246A (en) * | 1994-10-20 | 1999-03-09 | The Distancecaddy Company L.L.C. | Informational/training video system |
US6320173B1 (en) * | 1996-02-12 | 2001-11-20 | Curtis A. Vock | Ball tracking system and methods |
US5798519A (en) * | 1996-02-12 | 1998-08-25 | Golf Age Technologies, Inc. | Method of and apparatus for golf driving range distancing using focal plane array |
US5938545A (en) * | 1997-06-05 | 1999-08-17 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Video system for determining a location of a body in flight |
US6142437A (en) * | 1998-02-05 | 2000-11-07 | Wilkins, Jr.; Guy | Video camera and umbrella supports for golf cars, golf pull carts and golf carry bags |
US6304665B1 (en) * | 1998-04-03 | 2001-10-16 | Sportvision, Inc. | System for determining the end of a path for a moving object |
US6669571B1 (en) * | 1998-09-17 | 2003-12-30 | Acushnet Company | Method and apparatus for determining golf ball performance versus golf club configuration |
US6488591B1 (en) * | 1998-09-18 | 2002-12-03 | Acushnet Company | Method and apparatus to determine golf ball trajectory and flight |
US6781621B1 (en) * | 1998-09-18 | 2004-08-24 | Acushnet Company | Launch monitor system with a calibration fixture and a method for use thereof |
US7214138B1 (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 2007-05-08 | Bgi Acquisition, Llc | Golf ball flight monitoring system |
US6520864B1 (en) * | 1999-07-07 | 2003-02-18 | Peter J. Wilk | Method for tracking golf ball |
US6514081B1 (en) * | 1999-08-06 | 2003-02-04 | Jeffrey L. Mengoli | Method and apparatus for automating motion analysis |
US6285445B1 (en) * | 1999-09-17 | 2001-09-04 | Acushnet Company | Method for determining aerodynamic characteristics of a golf ball |
US20010023209A1 (en) * | 2000-03-15 | 2001-09-20 | Akio Yamamoto | Ball motion measuring apparatus |
US20020098898A1 (en) * | 2001-01-19 | 2002-07-25 | Manwaring Scott R. | System and method for measuring a golfer's ball striking parameters |
US20020155896A1 (en) * | 2001-02-14 | 2002-10-24 | William Gobush | Launch monitor system and a method for use thereof |
US20020173367A1 (en) * | 2001-02-14 | 2002-11-21 | William Gobush | Performance measurement system with fluorescent markers for golf equipment |
US20030073518A1 (en) * | 2001-09-12 | 2003-04-17 | Pillar Vision Corporation | Trajectory detection and feedback system |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20090036237A1 (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2009-02-05 | Pro Tee Systems, Inc. | Golf gaming systems and methods |
US9283464B2 (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2016-03-15 | Lynqs, Inc. | Golf gaming systems and methods |
US20120277036A1 (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2012-11-01 | Golfzon Co., Ltd. | Apparatus and method for virtual golf simulation imaging mini map |
US9427650B2 (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2016-08-30 | Golfzon Co., Ltd. | Apparatus and method for virtual golf simulation imaging mini map |
US20120136464A1 (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2012-05-31 | Bridgestone Sports Co., Ltd. | Golf swing classification method, system, device, and program |
US8690698B2 (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2014-04-08 | Bridgestone Corporation | Golf swing classification method, system, device, and program |
US8597142B2 (en) * | 2011-06-06 | 2013-12-03 | Microsoft Corporation | Dynamic camera based practice mode |
US10416457B2 (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2019-09-17 | Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. | Waterproofed wearable displaying device |
US20220134183A1 (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2022-05-05 | Vc Inc. | Electronic device guiding falling point of ball and system including the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US9283431B2 (en) | 2016-03-15 |
US20140206479A1 (en) | 2014-07-24 |
US8622832B2 (en) | 2014-01-07 |
US20130130845A1 (en) | 2013-05-23 |
US8409024B2 (en) | 2013-04-02 |
US9345929B2 (en) | 2016-05-24 |
US9283432B2 (en) | 2016-03-15 |
US20080182685A1 (en) | 2008-07-31 |
US20130095961A1 (en) | 2013-04-18 |
US10092793B1 (en) | 2018-10-09 |
US20130095959A1 (en) | 2013-04-18 |
US9694238B2 (en) | 2017-07-04 |
US20140156042A1 (en) | 2014-06-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US8409024B2 (en) | Trajectory detection and feedback system for golf | |
US9370704B2 (en) | Trajectory detection and feedback system for tennis | |
US11836929B2 (en) | Systems and methods for determining trajectories of basketball shots for display | |
US20080200287A1 (en) | Trajectory detection and feedfack system for tennis | |
CN103596625B (en) | Store and analyze the system and method for golf data | |
CN103648593B (en) | For analyzing the system of golf data | |
CN105641897B (en) | Golf MULTISENSOR INTEGRATION training system and analysis method | |
US9975031B2 (en) | Public safety and commercial delivery management system integrating activity and event performance data collection | |
US8926443B2 (en) | Virtual golf simulation device, system including the same and terminal device, and method for virtual golf simulation | |
US20020123386A1 (en) | Methods and systems for analyzing the motion of sporting equipment | |
US20060166738A1 (en) | Method and system for golf swing analysis and training for putters | |
CN105080111A (en) | Sport ball motion monitoring methods and systems | |
CN103987429A (en) | System and operating method for real-time analysis of golf swing motion on golf club | |
US20120295677A1 (en) | Apparatus and method for virtual golf simulation | |
WO2006014459A2 (en) | Method and system for golf swing analysis and training for putters | |
CN101934134A (en) | Virtual golf analog device, sensing device arranged in virtual golf analog device and sensing method of virtual golf analog device | |
NL2010266C2 (en) | Motion tracking method and device. | |
JP7248353B1 (en) | Hitting analysis system and hitting analysis method | |
US20230302325A1 (en) | Systems and methods for measuring and analyzing the motion of a swing and matching the motion of a swing to optimized swing equipment | |
KR20240031983A (en) | Method and apparatus for predicting the drop point of a golf ball |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: PILLAR VISION CORPORATION, CALIFORNIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:MARTY, ALAN W.;EDWARDS, THOMAS A.;REEL/FRAME:020754/0283;SIGNING DATES FROM 20080305 TO 20080308 Owner name: PILLAR VISION CORPORATION, CALIFORNIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:MARTY, ALAN W.;EDWARDS, THOMAS A.;SIGNING DATES FROM 20080305 TO 20080308;REEL/FRAME:020754/0283 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: PILLAR VISION, INC., CALIFORNIA Free format text: CORRECTIVE ASSIGNMENT TO CORRECT THE ASSIGNEE'S NAME FROM PILLAR VISION CORPORATION TO PILLAR VISION, INC. PREVIOUSLY RECORDED ON REEL 020754 FRAME 0283;ASSIGNORS:MARTY, ALAN W.;EDWARDS, THOMAS A.;REEL/FRAME:023770/0494;SIGNING DATES FROM 20080305 TO 20080308 Owner name: PILLAR VISION, INC., CALIFORNIA Free format text: CORRECTIVE ASSIGNMENT TO CORRECT THE ASSIGNEE'S NAME FROM PILLAR VISION CORPORATION TO PILLAR VISION, INC. PREVIOUSLY RECORDED ON REEL 020754 FRAME 0283. ASSIGNOR(S) HEREBY CONFIRMS THE ASSIGNMENT DOCUMENT;ASSIGNORS:MARTY, ALAN W.;EDWARDS, THOMAS A.;SIGNING DATES FROM 20080305 TO 20080308;REEL/FRAME:023770/0494 |
|
STCF | Information on status: patent grant |
Free format text: PATENTED CASE |
|
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: MAINTENANCE FEE REMINDER MAILED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: REM.); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: SMALL ENTITY |
|
FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: 7.5 YR SURCHARGE - LATE PMT W/IN 6 MO, SMALL ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M2555); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: SMALL ENTITY |
|
MAFP | Maintenance fee payment |
Free format text: PAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEE, 8TH YR, SMALL ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M2552); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: SMALL ENTITY Year of fee payment: 8 |