US20100325954A1 - Quench chamber assembly for a gasifier - Google Patents
Quench chamber assembly for a gasifier Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20100325954A1 US20100325954A1 US12/494,385 US49438509A US2010325954A1 US 20100325954 A1 US20100325954 A1 US 20100325954A1 US 49438509 A US49438509 A US 49438509A US 2010325954 A1 US2010325954 A1 US 2010325954A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- gasifier
- baffle
- asymmetric
- quench chamber
- syngas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
- C10J3/845—Quench rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/09—Mechanical details of gasifiers not otherwise provided for, e.g. sealing means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
Definitions
- the invention relates generally to gasifiers, and more particularly to a quench chamber assembly for a gasifier.
- a particulated carbonaceous fuel such as coal or coke or a carbonaceous gas
- the process is carried out at relatively hot temperatures and high pressures in a combustion chamber.
- a particulated carbonaceous fuel such as coal or coke or a carbonaceous gas
- an effluent is discharged through a port at a lower end of the combustion chamber to a quench chamber disposed downstream of the combustion chamber.
- the quench chamber contains a liquid coolant such as water.
- the effluent from the combustion chamber is contacted with the liquid coolant in the quench chamber; so as to reduce the temperature of the effluent.
- the gasifier arrangement permits a solid portion of the effluent, in the form of ash, to be retained in the liquid pool of the quench chamber, and subsequently to be discharged as slag slurry.
- a gaseous component of the effluent is discharged from the quench chamber for further processing.
- the gaseous component in passing through the quench chamber, will carry with it a substantial amount of the liquid coolant.
- a minimal amount of liquid entrained in the exiting gas is not considered objectionable to the overall process.
- excessive liquid carried from the quench chamber and into downstream equipment is found to pose operational problems.
- a baffle is placed in the gas exiting path in the quench chamber. Consequently, as liquid-carrying gas contacts the baffle surfaces, a certain amount of the liquid will coalesce on the baffle surfaces. However, the rapidly flowing gas will re-entrain liquid droplets by sweeping droplets from the baffle's lower edge.
- a gasifier in accordance with one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, includes a combustion chamber in which a combustible fuel is burned to produce a syngas and a particulated solid residue.
- a quench chamber having a liquid coolant is disposed downstream of the combustion chamber.
- a dip tube is disposed coupling the combustion chamber to the quench chamber.
- the syngas is directed from the combustion chamber to the quench chamber via the dip tube to contact the liquid coolant and produce a cooled syngas.
- An asymmetric or symmetric baffle is disposed proximate to an exit path of the quench chamber. The cooled syngas is directed through between the dip tube and the quench chamber and impacted against the asymmetric or symmetric baffle so as to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas before the cooled syngas is directed through the exit path.
- a gasifier in accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, includes a deflector plate disposed between a liquid coolant and an exit path of a quench chamber.
- the cooled syngas is directed through the annular passage and impacted against the asymmetric or symmetric baffle and the deflector plate so as to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas and prevent sloshing of liquid content to the exit path before the cooled syngas is directed through the exit path.
- a gasifier in accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, includes an annular passage having different cross-sectional areas is formed between a draft tube and a dip tube.
- a quench chamber includes arrangements where only dip tube is present and the annular passage is formed between a dip tube and a quench chamber wall.
- a gasifier in accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, includes a swirl generator disposed in the annular passage and configured to induce swirling motion to the cooled syngas directed through the annular passage.
- FIG. 1 is a diagrammatical representation of a gasifier having an exemplary quench chamber in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a diagrammatical representation of a gasifier having an exemplary quench chamber with only dip tube in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric or symmetric baffle and a deflector plate disposed therein in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric or symmetric baffle with a curved end to form a gutter in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric or symmetric baffle and a deflector plate disposed therein in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 6 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric or symmetric baffle and a plurality of deflector plates disposed therein in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 7 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric or symmetric baffle disposed therein in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 8 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric or symmetric baffle and an annular passage having different cross-sectional areas disposed therein in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 9 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric or symmetric baffle and an annular passage having different cross-sectional areas disposed therein in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric or symmetric baffle and a swirl generator disposed in an annular passage in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 11 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric or symmetric baffle with a curved end, a swirl generator disposed in an annular passage, and a separator plate in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 12 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric or symmetric baffle with a curved end to form a gutter and one or more openings coupled to a liquid guide pipe in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 13 is a top view of a quench chamber in accordance with the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 12 .
- FIG. 14 is a cutaway perspective view of a baffle illustrated in FIG. 13 ;
- FIG. 15 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric or symmetric baffle having a closed bottom portion and an opening disposed opposite to a gas exit path in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 16 is a top view of a portion of a quench chamber illustrated in FIG. 15 ;
- FIG. 17 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric faceted or round baffle having an opening disposed opposite to a gas exit path and having an extended edge to provide a torturous path in accordance with the exemplary embodiments of the present invention
- FIG. 18 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having a symmetric faceted or round baffle in accordance with the exemplary embodiments of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a top view of a portion of a quench chamber illustrated in FIG. 18 ;
- FIG. 20 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric or symmetric faceted or round baffle having a mesh structure to capture entrained liquid in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 21 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric or symmetric faceted or round baffle having a plurality of cut-out portions, metal pieces or plates disposed overlapping the cut-out portions with spacers disposed in-between to provide a torturous path for syngas flow in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 22 is a diagrammatical representation of an asymmetric or symmetric faceted or round baffle spiral “gussets” disposed to guide the entrained liquid content in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 23 is a diagrammatical representation of a quench chamber employing a helical baffle in the annular passage between a dip tube and a draft tube in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 24 is a diagrammatical representation of a quench chamber employing an asymmetric or symmetric baffle having an extended portion near exit in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 25 is a cutaway perspective view of a baffle illustrated in FIG. 24 .
- a gasifier having a quench chamber assembly configured to reduce temperature of syngas downstream of a combustion chamber.
- the gasifier includes a quench chamber containing a liquid coolant disposed downstream of the combustion chamber.
- a syngas generated from the combustion chamber is directed via a dip tube to the quench chamber to contact the liquid coolant and produce a cooled syngas.
- a baffle is disposed proximate to an exit path of the quench chamber.
- the baffle may be a symmetric or asymmetric shaped baffle.
- a draft tube is disposed surrounding the dip tube such that an annular passage is formed between the draft tube and the dip tube.
- the cooled syngas is directed through the annular passage and impacted against the baffle so as to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas before the cooled syngas is directed through the exit path.
- a deflector plate is disposed between the liquid coolant and the exit path of the quench chamber and configured to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas and prevent sloshing of liquid content to the exit path.
- a swirl generator is disposed in the annular passage between the dip tube and the draft tube and configured to induce a swirling motion to the cooled syngas directed through the annular passage.
- the baffle is asymmetric or symmetric, either open or angular, to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas.
- the baffle itself can have channels or cut-outs and overlays to remove entrained liquid and prevent sloshing of liquid content to the exit path.
- only dip tube is present and the annular section is formed between the dip tube and the quench chamber wall.
- an exemplary gasifier 10 is disclosed.
- the gasifier 10 includes an outer shell 12 housing a combustion chamber 14 at an upper end and a quench chamber 16 at a lower end.
- Combustion chamber 14 is provided with a refractory wall 18 capable of withstanding the normal operating temperatures.
- a burner 20 is coupled via a path 22 to a fuel source 24 .
- a fuel stream including pulverized carbonaceous fuel such as coal, coke or the like, is fed into the combustion chamber 12 via the burner 20 removably disposed on an upper wall of the combustion chamber 14 .
- the burner 20 is further coupled via a path 26 to a combustion supporting gas source 28 configured to supply gas such as oxygen or air.
- the combustible fuel is burned in the combustion chamber 14 to produce an effluent including syngas and a particulated solid residue.
- Hot effluent is fed from the combustion chamber 14 to the quench chamber 16 provided at the lower end of the shell 12 .
- the quench chamber 16 is coupled to a pressurized source 30 and configured to supply a pool of liquid coolant 32 , preferably water to the quench chamber 16 .
- the level of the liquid coolant in the quench chamber pool 16 is maintained at a desired height to assure an efficient operation depending on the conditions of the effluent fed from the combustion chamber 14 into the quench chamber 16 .
- the lower end of the gasifier shell 12 is provided with a discharge port 34 through which water and fine particulates are removed from quench chamber 16 in the form of a slurry.
- a constricted portion 36 of the combustion chamber 14 is coupled to the quench chamber 16 via a dip tube 38 .
- the hot effluent is fed from the combustion chamber 14 to the liquid coolant 32 in the quench chamber 16 via a passageway 40 of the dip tube 38 .
- a quench ring 42 is disposed proximate to the dip tube 38 and coupled to the pressurized source 30 so as to sustain a dip tube inner wall in a wetted condition to best accommodate the downward effluent flow.
- a lower end 44 of the dip tube 38 may be serrated, and positioned below the surface of the liquid coolant 32 to efficiently achieve cooling of the effluent.
- a draft tube 46 is positioned in the quench chamber 16 .
- the draft tube 46 includes an elongated cylindrical body 48 fixedly supported in the gasifier shell 12 . A lower portion of the draft tube 46 is submerged in the liquid coolant 32 .
- the cylindrical body 48 terminates adjacent to, but spaced at its upper end, from the quench ring 42 .
- the cylindrical body 48 is also spaced from the dip tube 38 to define an annular passage 50 .
- the syngas is contacted with the liquid coolant 32 to produce a cooled syngas.
- the cooled syngas is then passed through the annular passage 50 towards an exit path 52 of the quench chamber 16 .
- the gaseous component of the effluent is discharged for further processing via the exit path 52 from the quench chamber 16 .
- the gaseous component in passing through a quench chamber, will carry with it a substantial amount of the liquid coolant. Excessive liquid carried from the quench chamber and into downstream equipment, is found to pose operational problems.
- an asymmetric or symmetric shaped baffle 54 is disposed proximate to the exit path 52 in the quench chamber 16 .
- the baffle 54 extends a distance below an upper edge of the draft tube 46 , but above the surface of liquid coolant 32 .
- the cooled syngas directed through the annular passage 50 is impacted against an inner wall of the baffle 54 .
- the exemplary quench chamber 16 may be disposed beneath a radiant syngas cooler configured to partially reduce the syngas temperature before syngas enters the quench chamber. The details of the quench chamber 16 are discussed in greater detail below with reference to subsequent figures.
- an exemplary gasifier 10 is disclosed.
- the gasifier 10 is similar to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 .
- the hot effluent is fed from the combustion chamber 14 to the liquid coolant 32 in the quench chamber 16 via the passageway 40 of the dip tube 38 .
- the lower end 44 of the dip tube 38 may be serrated, and positioned below the surface of the liquid coolant 32 to efficiently achieve cooling of the effluent. It should be noted herein that in the illustrated embodiment, there is no draft tube.
- the syngas is contacted with the liquid coolant 32 to produce a cooled syngas.
- the cooled syngas is impacted against an inner wall of the baffle 54 .
- the entrained liquid content in the gas stream will tend to coalesce on the inner surface of the baffle 54 .
- the cooled syngas is then passed towards the exit path 52 of the quench chamber 16 .
- a portion of the quench chamber 16 is disclosed.
- the draft tube 46 is positioned surrounding the dip tube 38 in the quench chamber 16 .
- the syngas is contacted with the liquid coolant 32 to produce a cooled syngas.
- the cooled syngas is then passed through the annular passage 50 between the dip tube 38 and the draft tube 46 towards the exit path 52 of the quench chamber 16 .
- a deflector plate 58 is also disposed between the liquid coolant 32 and the exit path 52 . It should be noted herein that the deflector plate 58 may be disposed at a predetermined angle with respect to the liquid coolant 32 .
- the cooled syngas directed through the annular passage 50 is impacted against an inner wall of the baffle 54 .
- the entrained liquid content in the gas stream will tend to coalesce on the inner surface of the baffle 54 .
- the cooled syngas is also impacted against the deflector plate 58 so as to remove additional entrained liquid coolant content from the cooled syngas before being directed through the exit path.
- the deflector plate 58 provides an additional barrier for removing entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas fed from the quench chamber 16 .
- the deflector plate 58 prevents sloshing of liquid coolant 32 to the exit path 52 of the quench chamber 16 .
- the baffle 54 is disposed proximate to the exit path 52 in the quench chamber 16 .
- the baffle 54 extends a distance below an upper edge of the draft tube 46 , but above the surface of liquid coolant 32 .
- the cooled syngas directed through the annular passage 50 is impacted against an inner wall of the baffle 54 .
- the baffle 54 is an asymmetric shaped baffle.
- the baffle 54 may be a symmetric baffle.
- the asymmetric baffle 54 includes a curved end portion 60 pointed towards the liquid coolant 32 .
- the entrained liquid content in the gas stream will tend to coalesce on the inner surface of the baffle 54 .
- the gas stream after impacting the baffle 54 reverses direction and then moves along a path 56 into the exit path 52 .
- the asymmetric shape of the baffle 54 prevents the rapidly flowing gas from re-entrain liquid droplets by sweeping droplets from a baffle's lower edge.
- a baffle 63 is disposed proximate to an exit path 64 in the quench chamber 62 .
- the baffle 63 is an asymmetric baffle.
- the baffle 63 is a symmetric baffle.
- the baffle 63 extends a distance below an upper edge of a draft tube 66 , but above the surface of a liquid coolant 68 .
- the cooled syngas directed through an annular passage 70 formed between a dip tube 72 and the draft tube 66 is impacted against an inner wall of the baffle 63 .
- the baffle 63 includes a deflected end portion 74 pointed towards the liquid coolant 68 . As the cooled gas stream impinges against an inner surface of the baffle 63 , the entrained liquid content in the gas stream will tend to coalesce on the inner surface of the baffle 63 .
- a deflector plate 76 is also disposed between the liquid coolant 68 and the exit path 64 . It should be noted herein that the deflector plate 76 is disposed at a predetermined angle pointed away from the liquid coolant 68 . In the illustrated embodiment, the deflector plate 76 is an asymmetric or symmetric shaped deflector plate having a deflected end portion 78 .
- the cooled syngas is also impacted against the deflector plate 76 so as to remove additional entrained liquid coolant content from the cooled syngas. Also, the deflector plate 76 prevents sloshing of liquid coolant 68 to the exit path 64 of the quench chamber 62 . The cooled syngas after impacting the baffle 63 and the deflector plate 76 is then directed through a gap 80 between the deflected end portions 74 , 78 to the exit path 64 of the quench chamber 62 .
- a baffle 84 is disposed proximate to an exit path 86 in the quench chamber 82 .
- the baffle 84 is an asymmetric baffle.
- the baffle 84 may be a symmetric baffle.
- the cooled syngas is directed through an annular passage 88 formed between a dip tube 90 and a draft tube 92 and impacted against an inner wall of the baffle 84 .
- the baffle 84 includes a deflected end portion 94 pointed towards a liquid coolant 96 contained in the quench chamber 82 .
- the baffle 84 may also include at least one gusset 98 . As the cooled gas stream impinges against an inner surface of the baffle 84 , the entrained liquid content in the gas stream will tend to coalesce on the inner surface of the baffle 84 .
- the gusset 98 facilitates to drain the liquid coolant collected on the surface of the baffle 84 .
- a plurality of deflector plates 100 , 102 are disposed between the liquid coolant 96 and the exit path 86 . It should be noted herein that the deflector plates 100 , 102 are disposed at a predetermined angle pointing towards the liquid coolant 96 .
- the cooled syngas is impacted against the baffle 84 and the deflector plates 100 , 102 so as to remove additional entrained liquid coolant content from the cooled syngas.
- the deflector plates 100 , 102 prevent sloshing of liquid coolant 96 to the exit path 86 of the quench chamber 82 .
- the cooled syngas is impacted against the baffle 84 and the deflector plates 100 , 102 and then directed through a gap 104 between the baffle 84 and the deflector plates 100 , 102 to the exit path 86 of the quench chamber 82 .
- a baffle 108 is disposed proximate to an exit path 110 in the quench chamber 106 .
- the baffle 108 is an asymmetric baffle.
- the baffle 108 is a symmetric baffle.
- the cooled syngas is directed through an annular passage 112 formed between a dip tube 114 and a draft tube 116 and impacted against an inner wall of the baffle 108 .
- the baffle 108 includes a stepped portion 118 pointed towards a liquid coolant 120 contained in the quench chamber 106 .
- the entrained liquid content in the gas stream will tend to coalesce on the inner surface of the baffle 108 .
- the cooled syngas after impacting the baffle 108 is then redirected through a path 122 to the exit path 110 of the quench chamber 106 .
- the provision of the baffle, deflector plate, or combinations there of facilitates to reduce cooled syngas flow velocity, and also to increase gas flow path distance between the liquid coolant and the exit path of the quench chamber. This results in increased residence time of the gas and liquid coolant mixture in the quench chamber leading to enhanced removal of entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas.
- baffle 126 is disposed proximate to an exit path 127 in the quench chamber 124 .
- the baffle 126 may be a symmetric or an asymmetric baffle.
- hot effluent is directed from a combustion chamber to the quench chamber 124 via a dip tube 128 .
- a draft tube 130 is disposed surrounding the dip tube 128 such that an annular passage 132 is formed between the dip tube 128 and the draft tube 130 .
- the cooled syngas is directed through an annular passage 132 formed between the dip tube 128 and the draft tube 130 and impacted against an inner wall of the baffle 126 so as to remove additional entrained liquid coolant content from the cooled syngas.
- the draft tube 130 includes a stepped portion 134 .
- the annular passage 132 formed between the dip tube 128 and the draft tube 130 has different cross-sectional areas.
- the cross-sectional area of the annular passage 132 increases from one end 136 to another end 138 . This reduces any plugging at the end 136 .
- a baffle 142 is disposed proximate to an exit path 144 in the quench chamber 140 .
- the baffle 142 may be a symmetric or an asymmetric baffle.
- hot effluent is directed from a combustion chamber to the quench chamber 140 via a dip tube 146 .
- a draft tube 148 is disposed surrounding the dip tube 146 such that an annular passage 150 is formed between the dip tube 146 and the draft tube 148 .
- the cooled syngas is directed through an annular passage 150 formed between the dip tube 146 and the draft tube 148 and impacted against an inner wall of the baffle 142 so as to remove additional entrained liquid coolant content from the cooled syngas.
- the draft tube 148 has varying cross-sectional area.
- the annular passage 150 formed between the dip tube 146 and the draft tube 148 has different cross-sectional areas.
- the cross-sectional area of the annular passage 150 increases from one end 152 to another end 154 .
- annular passage having different cross-sectional areas facilitate to reduce syngas speed fed through the annular passage.
- this also increases the cross-sectional area between the draft tube 148 and the quench vessel inner wall. This results in enhanced removal of entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas.
- a portion of a quench chamber 156 is disclosed.
- a draft tube 158 is positioned surrounding a dip tube 160 in the quench chamber 156 .
- the cooled syngas is passed through the annular passage 162 formed between the dip tube 160 and the draft tube 158 towards an exit path 164 of the quench chamber 156 .
- a baffle 166 is disposed proximate to the exit path 164 in the quench chamber 156 .
- the baffle 166 is an asymmetric baffle.
- the baffle 166 is a symmetric baffle.
- the baffle 166 extends a distance below an upper edge of the draft tube 158 , but above the surface of liquid coolant 168 filled in the quench chamber 156 .
- the baffle 166 includes a curved end portion 170 , and a plurality of gussets 172 .
- An inner surface of the baffle may be made sticky.
- the cooled syngas is directed through the annular passage 162 and impacted against an inner wall of the baffle 166 .
- a rotary device for example a swirl generator 174 is disposed in the annular passage 162 and configured to induce swirling motion to the cooled syngas passed through the annular passage 162 .
- the imparted swirling motion facilitates the entrained liquid content in the gas stream to coalesce on the inner surface of the baffle 166 .
- the swirling motion imparts higher centrifugal force and thus generates higher droplet diameter of the entrained liquid.
- the gussets 172 of the baffle 166 facilitate to drain the liquid content removed by the baffle 166 .
- a portion of the quench chamber 156 is disclosed. This embodiment is similar to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 10 . Additionally, a separator plate 176 is disposed between the draft tube 158 and the baffle 166 . The swirl generator 174 is disposed in the annular passage 162 and configured to induce swirling motion to the cooled syngas passed through the annular passage 162 . This results in forming a entrained liquid film on an inner wall of the draft tube 158 and the resulting liquid film is directed downward using the separator plate 176 .
- the baffle 166 includes the curved end portion 170 having a slope portion 178 and a plurality of holes 180 to provide an exit path for entrained liquid content collected on the curved end portion 170 .
- the collected liquid content drained through the holes 180 is guided downwards through a guide pipe 182 coupled the curved end portion 170 .
- An end of the water guide pipe 182 may be partially dipped in the liquid coolant in the quench chamber 156 .
- the baffle 166 includes the plurality of gussets 172 disposed proximate to the exit path 164 .
- One or more gussets 172 may be disposed on an inner circumference of the baffle 166 .
- the gussets 172 may be circumferentially aligned with the exit path 166 and may have a curvature extending along a portion of the inner circumference of the baffle 166 .
- the gussets 172 may extend approximately along one third of the inner circumference of the baffle 166 .
- the gussets 172 may be designed to contact the increased velocity syngas and direct flow of entrained liquid content collected on the baffle 166 away from the exit path 164 .
- the gussets 172 may impede droplets of the liquid content from becoming entrained in the higher velocity syngas directed towards the exit path 164 .
- the gussets 172 may also promote coalescence of the entrained liquid content.
- one or more gussets 172 may be disposed on the inner circumference of the baffle 166 . According to certain embodiments, the gussets 172 may extend approximately along one third of the inner circumference of the baffle 166 . In the illustrated embodiment, the gussets 172 may be angled downward in the quench chamber to direct the entrained liquid content away from the exit path of the quench chamber.
- a quench chamber 184 is disclosed.
- a draft tube 186 is positioned surrounding a dip tube 188 in the quench chamber 184 .
- the cooled syngas is passed through the annular passage 190 formed between the dip tube 188 and the draft tube 186 towards an exit path 192 of the quench chamber 184 .
- a faceted or round baffle 194 is disposed proximate to the exit path 192 in the quench chamber 184 .
- the baffle 194 is an asymmetric baffle.
- the baffle 194 is a symmetric baffle.
- a bottom 196 of the baffle 194 is closed such that an area between the baffle bottom 196 and draft tube 186 is blocked using an annular plate.
- the baffle 194 has an opening 198 disposed opposite to the exit path 192 such that the syngas flows along a torturous path.
- FIG. 16 a top view of the quench chamber 184 is illustrated.
- the baffle 194 is disposed proximate to the exit path 192 in the quench chamber 184 .
- the baffle 194 has an opening 198 disposed opposite to the exit path 192 such that the syngas flows along a torturous path.
- a quench chamber 200 is disclosed.
- a draft tube 202 is positioned surrounding a dip tube 204 in the quench chamber 200 .
- the cooled syngas is passed through the annular passage 206 formed between the dip tube 204 and the draft tube 202 towards an exit path 208 of the quench chamber 200 .
- a faceted or round baffle 210 is disposed proximate to the exit path 208 and surrounding the dip tube 204 and the draft tube 202 in the quench chamber 200 .
- the syngas is cooled by contacting a liquid coolant 212 in the quench chamber 200 .
- a quench chamber 201 is disclosed.
- a symmetric baffle 203 is disposed proximate to an exit path 205 and surrounding a dip tube 207 and a draft tube 209 in the quench chamber 201 .
- a quench chamber 200 is disclosed. This embodiment is same as the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 17 .
- the draft tube 202 is positioned surrounding the dip tube 204 in the quench chamber 200 .
- the cooled syngas is passed through the annular passage 206 formed between the dip tube 204 and the draft tube 202 towards the exit path 208 of the quench chamber 200 .
- a baffle 210 is disposed proximate to the exit path 208 and surrounding the dip tube 204 and the draft tube 202 in the quench chamber 200 .
- the baffle 210 is a faceted baffle.
- the illustrated baffle 210 includes a plurality of splash plates 214 , 216 , 218 , 220 , 222 , 224 , 226 .
- the baffle 210 has an opening 227 opposite to the exit path 208 .
- the plates 224 and 226 may also be removed so that the baffle 210 has a larger opening that will further decrease the syngas flow velocity and facilitate removal of entrained liquid content from the syngas.
- the baffle 210 has a shorter edge opposite to the exit path 208 .
- a side of the baffle proximate to the exit path 208 extends down towards a liquid coolant 212 to provide a tortuous path for the flow of syngas.
- baffle 210 is angled up toward the opposite end of the exit path 208 to facilitate for pressure relief.
- a faceted baffle 228 is disclosed.
- the faceted baffle 228 includes a chevron type mesh 230 instead of the splash plates illustrated in FIG. 19 .
- the chevron mesh 230 includes a plurality of drainage traps 232 supported by bolts 234 .
- the chevron mesh 230 allows passage of syngas and removes the entrained liquid content from the syngas.
- a portion of the plates 214 , 216 , 218 , 220 , 222 , 224 , 226 of the baffle 210 illustrated in FIG. 19 may be partially replaced by the chevron mesh 230 .
- one of the splash plate 214 of the baffle 210 is illustrated.
- a plurality of vertical strips portions are removed from the splash plate 214 to form corresponding cut-out portions 236 .
- a metal piece 238 that is slightly larger in height and width of the cut-out portion 236 is then placed overlapping of each cut-out portion 236 .
- the metal pieces 238 are attached to the splash plate 214 with spacers 240 disposed in-between to allow torturous path for gas flow through the cut-out portions 236 of the plate 214 .
- one of the splash plate 224 is illustrated.
- a plurality of channels or gussets 242 are provided on an inner face of the splash plate 224 .
- the gussets 242 are angled to allow entrained liquid content to flow down the splash plate 224 to the gutters of the baffle.
- a quench chamber 244 is disclosed.
- a draft tube 246 is positioned surrounding a dip tube 248 in the quench chamber 244 .
- the cooled syngas is passed through an annular passage 250 formed between the dip tube 248 and the draft tube 246 towards an exit path 252 of the quench chamber 244 .
- a baffle 254 is disposed proximate to the exit path 252 in the quench chamber 244 .
- the baffle 254 may be a symmetric baffle or an asymmetric baffle.
- a helical baffle 256 is disposed in the annular passage 250 and may be designed to induce a spiraled or rotational flow pattern of the syngas through the annular passage 250 .
- the rotational flow may increase flow path of the syngas in the quench chamber 244 , which in turn may increase the pressure drop to reduce fluid flow fluctuations.
- the baffle 256 may promote a spiraled flow that may reduce entrainment of water and ash within the syngas.
- the extended flow path of the syngas in the quench chamber 244 may enhance the heat transfer rate.
- the helical baffle 256 may create a tortuous path for the flow of syngas within the quench chamber 244 .
- a quench chamber 258 is disclosed.
- a draft tube 260 is positioned surrounding a dip tube 262 in the quench chamber 258 .
- the cooled syngas is passed through an annular passage 264 formed between the dip tube 262 and the draft tube 260 towards an exit path 266 of the quench chamber 258 .
- a baffle 268 is disposed proximate to the exit path 266 in the quench chamber 258 .
- the baffle 268 may be a symmetric baffle or an asymmetric baffle.
- the baffle 268 includes an extended portion 270 which may be angled to divert the entrained liquid content away from a lip of the baffles 268 thereby reducing entrainment of liquid content in the exiting syngas.
- the baffle 268 is illustrated. As discussed previously, the baffle 268 is disposed proximate to the exit path in the quench chamber. In the illustrated embodiment, the baffle 268 includes an extended portion 270 that may extend along approximately one third of an inner circumference 272 of the baffle 268 . Moreover, in certain embodiments, the extended portion 146 may include a gutter portion to divert entrained liquid content away from a lower lip of the extended portion 146 .
- the entrainment mitigation mechanisms depicted in FIGS. 1-25 may be employed separately or in combination with one another. Moreover, as may be appreciated, the relative sizes, shapes, and geometries of the entrainment mitigation mechanisms may vary.
- the entrainment mitigation mechanisms may be employed in a quench chamber during the initial manufacturing, or the entrainment mitigation mechanisms may be retrofit into existing quench units. Further, the entrainment mitigation mechanisms may be adjusted based on operational parameters, such as the type of carbonaceous fuel, the system efficiency, the system load, or environmental conditions, among others to achieve the desired amount of flow damping.
Abstract
A gasifier includes a combustion chamber in which a combustible fuel is burned to produce a syngas and a particulated solid residue. A quench chamber having a liquid coolant is disposed downstream of the combustion chamber. A dip tube is disposed coupling the combustion chamber to the quench chamber. The syngas is directed from the combustion chamber to the quench chamber via the dip tube to contact the liquid coolant and produce a cooled syngas. A draft tube is disposed surrounding the dip tube such that an annular passage is formed between the draft tube and the dip tube. An asymmetric or symmetric baffle is disposed proximate to an exit path of the quench chamber. The cooled syngas is directed through the annular passage and impacted against the asymmetric or symmetric baffle so as to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas before the cooled syngas is directed through the exit path.
Description
- This application is related to the following co-pending U.S. patent applications having Ser. No. {Attorney Docket No. 239050-1}, entitled “COOLING CHAMBER ASSEMBLY FOR A GASIFIER” and Serial No. {Attorney Docket No. 236150-1}, entitled “GASIFICATION SYSTEM FLOW DAMPING” assigned to the same assignee as this application and filed concurrently herewith, each of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
- The invention relates generally to gasifiers, and more particularly to a quench chamber assembly for a gasifier.
- In a normal coal gasification process, wherein a particulated carbonaceous fuel such as coal or coke or a carbonaceous gas is burned, the process is carried out at relatively hot temperatures and high pressures in a combustion chamber. When injected fuel is burned or partially burned in the combustion chamber, an effluent is discharged through a port at a lower end of the combustion chamber to a quench chamber disposed downstream of the combustion chamber. The quench chamber contains a liquid coolant such as water. The effluent from the combustion chamber is contacted with the liquid coolant in the quench chamber; so as to reduce the temperature of the effluent.
- When the fuel is a solid such as coal or coke, the gasifier arrangement permits a solid portion of the effluent, in the form of ash, to be retained in the liquid pool of the quench chamber, and subsequently to be discharged as slag slurry. A gaseous component of the effluent is discharged from the quench chamber for further processing. The gaseous component, however, in passing through the quench chamber, will carry with it a substantial amount of the liquid coolant. A minimal amount of liquid entrained in the exiting gas is not considered objectionable to the overall process. However, excessive liquid carried from the quench chamber and into downstream equipment, is found to pose operational problems.
- In conventional systems, a baffle is placed in the gas exiting path in the quench chamber. Consequently, as liquid-carrying gas contacts the baffle surfaces, a certain amount of the liquid will coalesce on the baffle surfaces. However, the rapidly flowing gas will re-entrain liquid droplets by sweeping droplets from the baffle's lower edge.
- There is a need for an improved quench chamber assembly configured to cool an effluent gas from a combustion chamber and also remove entrained liquid content substantially from the effluent gas in a gasifier.
- In accordance with one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a gasifier includes a combustion chamber in which a combustible fuel is burned to produce a syngas and a particulated solid residue. A quench chamber having a liquid coolant is disposed downstream of the combustion chamber. A dip tube is disposed coupling the combustion chamber to the quench chamber. The syngas is directed from the combustion chamber to the quench chamber via the dip tube to contact the liquid coolant and produce a cooled syngas. An asymmetric or symmetric baffle is disposed proximate to an exit path of the quench chamber. The cooled syngas is directed through between the dip tube and the quench chamber and impacted against the asymmetric or symmetric baffle so as to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas before the cooled syngas is directed through the exit path.
- In accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a gasifier includes a deflector plate disposed between a liquid coolant and an exit path of a quench chamber. The cooled syngas is directed through the annular passage and impacted against the asymmetric or symmetric baffle and the deflector plate so as to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas and prevent sloshing of liquid content to the exit path before the cooled syngas is directed through the exit path.
- In accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a gasifier includes an annular passage having different cross-sectional areas is formed between a draft tube and a dip tube.
- In accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a quench chamber includes arrangements where only dip tube is present and the annular passage is formed between a dip tube and a quench chamber wall.
- In accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a gasifier includes a swirl generator disposed in the annular passage and configured to induce swirling motion to the cooled syngas directed through the annular passage.
- These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become better understood when the following detailed description is read with reference to the accompanying drawings in which like characters represent like parts throughout the drawings, wherein:
-
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatical representation of a gasifier having an exemplary quench chamber in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 2 is a diagrammatical representation of a gasifier having an exemplary quench chamber with only dip tube in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 3 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric or symmetric baffle and a deflector plate disposed therein in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 4 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric or symmetric baffle with a curved end to form a gutter in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 5 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric or symmetric baffle and a deflector plate disposed therein in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 6 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric or symmetric baffle and a plurality of deflector plates disposed therein in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 7 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric or symmetric baffle disposed therein in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 8 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric or symmetric baffle and an annular passage having different cross-sectional areas disposed therein in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 9 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric or symmetric baffle and an annular passage having different cross-sectional areas disposed therein in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and -
FIG. 10 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric or symmetric baffle and a swirl generator disposed in an annular passage in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 11 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric or symmetric baffle with a curved end, a swirl generator disposed in an annular passage, and a separator plate in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 12 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric or symmetric baffle with a curved end to form a gutter and one or more openings coupled to a liquid guide pipe in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 13 is a top view of a quench chamber in accordance with the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 12 , -
FIG. 14 is a cutaway perspective view of a baffle illustrated inFIG. 13 ; -
FIG. 15 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric or symmetric baffle having a closed bottom portion and an opening disposed opposite to a gas exit path in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 16 is a top view of a portion of a quench chamber illustrated inFIG. 15 ; -
FIG. 17 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric faceted or round baffle having an opening disposed opposite to a gas exit path and having an extended edge to provide a torturous path in accordance with the exemplary embodiments of the present invention; -
FIG. 18 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having a symmetric faceted or round baffle in accordance with the exemplary embodiments of the present invention; -
FIG. 19 is a top view of a portion of a quench chamber illustrated inFIG. 18 ; -
FIG. 20 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric or symmetric faceted or round baffle having a mesh structure to capture entrained liquid in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 21 is a diagrammatical representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetric or symmetric faceted or round baffle having a plurality of cut-out portions, metal pieces or plates disposed overlapping the cut-out portions with spacers disposed in-between to provide a torturous path for syngas flow in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 22 is a diagrammatical representation of an asymmetric or symmetric faceted or round baffle spiral “gussets” disposed to guide the entrained liquid content in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 23 is a diagrammatical representation of a quench chamber employing a helical baffle in the annular passage between a dip tube and a draft tube in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 24 is a diagrammatical representation of a quench chamber employing an asymmetric or symmetric baffle having an extended portion near exit in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and -
FIG. 25 is a cutaway perspective view of a baffle illustrated inFIG. 24 . - In accordance with the exemplary embodiments disclosed herein, a gasifier having a quench chamber assembly configured to reduce temperature of syngas downstream of a combustion chamber is disclosed. The gasifier includes a quench chamber containing a liquid coolant disposed downstream of the combustion chamber. A syngas generated from the combustion chamber is directed via a dip tube to the quench chamber to contact the liquid coolant and produce a cooled syngas. A baffle is disposed proximate to an exit path of the quench chamber. The baffle may be a symmetric or asymmetric shaped baffle. A draft tube is disposed surrounding the dip tube such that an annular passage is formed between the draft tube and the dip tube. The cooled syngas is directed through the annular passage and impacted against the baffle so as to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas before the cooled syngas is directed through the exit path. In some embodiments, a deflector plate is disposed between the liquid coolant and the exit path of the quench chamber and configured to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas and prevent sloshing of liquid content to the exit path. In yet another embodiment, a swirl generator is disposed in the annular passage between the dip tube and the draft tube and configured to induce a swirling motion to the cooled syngas directed through the annular passage. In some embodiments, the baffle is asymmetric or symmetric, either open or angular, to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas. In other embodiments, the baffle itself can have channels or cut-outs and overlays to remove entrained liquid and prevent sloshing of liquid content to the exit path. In other embodiments only dip tube is present and the annular section is formed between the dip tube and the quench chamber wall. The provision of asymmetric or symmetric shaped baffle, deflector plate, swirl generator, or combinations thereof substantially reduces entrainment of liquid content in the syngas directed through the exit path to the downstream components. Specific embodiments are discussed in greater detail below with reference to
FIGS. 1-25 . - Referring to
FIG. 1 , anexemplary gasifier 10 is disclosed. Thegasifier 10 includes anouter shell 12 housing acombustion chamber 14 at an upper end and a quenchchamber 16 at a lower end.Combustion chamber 14 is provided with arefractory wall 18 capable of withstanding the normal operating temperatures. Aburner 20 is coupled via apath 22 to afuel source 24. A fuel stream including pulverized carbonaceous fuel such as coal, coke or the like, is fed into thecombustion chamber 12 via theburner 20 removably disposed on an upper wall of thecombustion chamber 14. Theburner 20 is further coupled via apath 26 to a combustion supportinggas source 28 configured to supply gas such as oxygen or air. - The combustible fuel is burned in the
combustion chamber 14 to produce an effluent including syngas and a particulated solid residue. Hot effluent is fed from thecombustion chamber 14 to the quenchchamber 16 provided at the lower end of theshell 12. The quenchchamber 16 is coupled to apressurized source 30 and configured to supply a pool ofliquid coolant 32, preferably water to the quenchchamber 16. The level of the liquid coolant in the quenchchamber pool 16 is maintained at a desired height to assure an efficient operation depending on the conditions of the effluent fed from thecombustion chamber 14 into the quenchchamber 16. The lower end of thegasifier shell 12 is provided with adischarge port 34 through which water and fine particulates are removed from quenchchamber 16 in the form of a slurry. - In the illustrated embodiment, a
constricted portion 36 of thecombustion chamber 14 is coupled to the quenchchamber 16 via adip tube 38. The hot effluent is fed from thecombustion chamber 14 to theliquid coolant 32 in the quenchchamber 16 via apassageway 40 of thedip tube 38. A quenchring 42 is disposed proximate to thedip tube 38 and coupled to thepressurized source 30 so as to sustain a dip tube inner wall in a wetted condition to best accommodate the downward effluent flow. Alower end 44 of thedip tube 38 may be serrated, and positioned below the surface of theliquid coolant 32 to efficiently achieve cooling of the effluent. - A
draft tube 46 is positioned in the quenchchamber 16. Thedraft tube 46 includes an elongatedcylindrical body 48 fixedly supported in thegasifier shell 12. A lower portion of thedraft tube 46 is submerged in theliquid coolant 32. Thecylindrical body 48 terminates adjacent to, but spaced at its upper end, from the quenchring 42. Thecylindrical body 48 is also spaced from thedip tube 38 to define anannular passage 50. The syngas is contacted with theliquid coolant 32 to produce a cooled syngas. The cooled syngas is then passed through theannular passage 50 towards anexit path 52 of the quenchchamber 16. - As discussed above, the gaseous component of the effluent is discharged for further processing via the
exit path 52 from the quenchchamber 16. It is known conventionally that the gaseous component, however, in passing through a quench chamber, will carry with it a substantial amount of the liquid coolant. Excessive liquid carried from the quench chamber and into downstream equipment, is found to pose operational problems. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, an asymmetric or symmetric shapedbaffle 54 is disposed proximate to theexit path 52 in the quenchchamber 16. Thebaffle 54 extends a distance below an upper edge of thedraft tube 46, but above the surface ofliquid coolant 32. The cooled syngas directed through theannular passage 50 is impacted against an inner wall of thebaffle 54. In the normal course of quench cooling, the cooled gas stream would convey with it a certain amount of liquid coolant. However, as the cooled gas stream impinges against the inner surface ofbaffle 54, the entrained liquid content in the gas stream will tend to coalesce on the inner surface of thebaffle 54. The gas stream after impacting thebaffle 54 reverses direction and then moves along apath 56 into theexit path 52. It should be noted herein that the illustrated gasifier is an exemplary embodiment and other configurations of gasifiers are also envisaged. For example, in some embodiments, the exemplary quenchchamber 16 may be disposed beneath a radiant syngas cooler configured to partially reduce the syngas temperature before syngas enters the quench chamber. The details of the quenchchamber 16 are discussed in greater detail below with reference to subsequent figures. - Referring to
FIG. 2 , anexemplary gasifier 10 is disclosed. Thegasifier 10 is similar to the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 1 . As discussed above, the hot effluent is fed from thecombustion chamber 14 to theliquid coolant 32 in the quenchchamber 16 via thepassageway 40 of thedip tube 38. Thelower end 44 of thedip tube 38 may be serrated, and positioned below the surface of theliquid coolant 32 to efficiently achieve cooling of the effluent. It should be noted herein that in the illustrated embodiment, there is no draft tube. The syngas is contacted with theliquid coolant 32 to produce a cooled syngas. The cooled syngas is impacted against an inner wall of thebaffle 54. As the cooled gas stream impinges against the inner surface ofbaffle 54, the entrained liquid content in the gas stream will tend to coalesce on the inner surface of thebaffle 54. The cooled syngas is then passed towards theexit path 52 of the quenchchamber 16. - Referring to
FIG. 3 , a portion of the quenchchamber 16 is disclosed. As discussed above, thedraft tube 46 is positioned surrounding thedip tube 38 in the quenchchamber 16. The syngas is contacted with theliquid coolant 32 to produce a cooled syngas. The cooled syngas is then passed through theannular passage 50 between thedip tube 38 and thedraft tube 46 towards theexit path 52 of the quenchchamber 16. In addition to the asymmetric or symmetric shapedbaffle 54, adeflector plate 58 is also disposed between theliquid coolant 32 and theexit path 52. It should be noted herein that thedeflector plate 58 may be disposed at a predetermined angle with respect to theliquid coolant 32. - Also as discussed previously, the cooled syngas directed through the
annular passage 50 is impacted against an inner wall of thebaffle 54. As the cooled gas stream impinges against the inner surface ofbaffle 54, the entrained liquid content in the gas stream will tend to coalesce on the inner surface of thebaffle 54. In the illustrated embodiment, in addition to the asymmetric orsymmetric baffle 54, the cooled syngas is also impacted against thedeflector plate 58 so as to remove additional entrained liquid coolant content from the cooled syngas before being directed through the exit path. In other words, thedeflector plate 58 provides an additional barrier for removing entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas fed from the quenchchamber 16. Also, thedeflector plate 58 prevents sloshing ofliquid coolant 32 to theexit path 52 of the quenchchamber 16. - Referring to
FIG. 4 , a portion of the quenchchamber 16 is disclosed. In the illustrated embodiment, thebaffle 54 is disposed proximate to theexit path 52 in the quenchchamber 16. Thebaffle 54 extends a distance below an upper edge of thedraft tube 46, but above the surface ofliquid coolant 32. As noted above, the cooled syngas directed through theannular passage 50 is impacted against an inner wall of thebaffle 54. It should be noted herein that in the illustrated embodiment, thebaffle 54 is an asymmetric shaped baffle. In another embodiment, thebaffle 54 may be a symmetric baffle. In the illustrated embodiment, theasymmetric baffle 54 includes acurved end portion 60 pointed towards theliquid coolant 32. As the cooled gas stream impinges against the inner surface of thebaffle 54, the entrained liquid content in the gas stream will tend to coalesce on the inner surface of thebaffle 54. The gas stream after impacting thebaffle 54 reverses direction and then moves along apath 56 into theexit path 52. The asymmetric shape of thebaffle 54 prevents the rapidly flowing gas from re-entrain liquid droplets by sweeping droplets from a baffle's lower edge. - Referring to
FIG. 5 , a portion of a quenchchamber 62 is disclosed. In the illustrated embodiment, abaffle 63 is disposed proximate to anexit path 64 in the quenchchamber 62. In the illustrated embodiment, thebaffle 63 is an asymmetric baffle. In another embodiment, thebaffle 63 is a symmetric baffle. Thebaffle 63 extends a distance below an upper edge of adraft tube 66, but above the surface of aliquid coolant 68. As noted above, the cooled syngas directed through anannular passage 70 formed between adip tube 72 and thedraft tube 66 is impacted against an inner wall of thebaffle 63. In the illustrated embodiment, thebaffle 63 includes a deflectedend portion 74 pointed towards theliquid coolant 68. As the cooled gas stream impinges against an inner surface of thebaffle 63, the entrained liquid content in the gas stream will tend to coalesce on the inner surface of thebaffle 63. - In addition to the
baffle 63, adeflector plate 76 is also disposed between theliquid coolant 68 and theexit path 64. It should be noted herein that thedeflector plate 76 is disposed at a predetermined angle pointed away from theliquid coolant 68. In the illustrated embodiment, thedeflector plate 76 is an asymmetric or symmetric shaped deflector plate having a deflectedend portion 78. In addition to thebaffle 63, the cooled syngas is also impacted against thedeflector plate 76 so as to remove additional entrained liquid coolant content from the cooled syngas. Also, thedeflector plate 76 prevents sloshing ofliquid coolant 68 to theexit path 64 of the quenchchamber 62. The cooled syngas after impacting thebaffle 63 and thedeflector plate 76 is then directed through agap 80 between the deflectedend portions exit path 64 of the quenchchamber 62. - Referring to
FIG. 6 , a portion of a quenchchamber 82 is disclosed. In the illustrated embodiment, abaffle 84 is disposed proximate to anexit path 86 in the quenchchamber 82. In the illustrated embodiment, thebaffle 84 is an asymmetric baffle. In another embodiment, thebaffle 84 may be a symmetric baffle. The cooled syngas is directed through anannular passage 88 formed between adip tube 90 and adraft tube 92 and impacted against an inner wall of thebaffle 84. In the illustrated embodiment, thebaffle 84 includes a deflectedend portion 94 pointed towards aliquid coolant 96 contained in the quenchchamber 82. Thebaffle 84 may also include at least onegusset 98. As the cooled gas stream impinges against an inner surface of thebaffle 84, the entrained liquid content in the gas stream will tend to coalesce on the inner surface of thebaffle 84. Thegusset 98 facilitates to drain the liquid coolant collected on the surface of thebaffle 84. - In the illustrated embodiment, a plurality of
deflector plates liquid coolant 96 and theexit path 86. It should be noted herein that thedeflector plates liquid coolant 96. The cooled syngas is impacted against thebaffle 84 and thedeflector plates deflector plates liquid coolant 96 to theexit path 86 of the quenchchamber 82. The cooled syngas is impacted against thebaffle 84 and thedeflector plates gap 104 between thebaffle 84 and thedeflector plates exit path 86 of the quenchchamber 82. - Referring to
FIG. 7 , a portion of a quenchchamber 106 is disclosed. In the illustrated embodiment, abaffle 108 is disposed proximate to anexit path 110 in the quenchchamber 106. In the illustrated embodiment, thebaffle 108 is an asymmetric baffle. In another embodiment, thebaffle 108 is a symmetric baffle. The cooled syngas is directed through anannular passage 112 formed between adip tube 114 and adraft tube 116 and impacted against an inner wall of thebaffle 108. In the illustrated embodiment, thebaffle 108 includes a steppedportion 118 pointed towards aliquid coolant 120 contained in the quenchchamber 106. As the cooled gas stream impinges against an inner surface of thebaffle 108, the entrained liquid content in the gas stream will tend to coalesce on the inner surface of thebaffle 108. The cooled syngas after impacting thebaffle 108 is then redirected through apath 122 to theexit path 110 of the quenchchamber 106. - In accordance with the embodiments discussed herein, the provision of the baffle, deflector plate, or combinations there of facilitates to reduce cooled syngas flow velocity, and also to increase gas flow path distance between the liquid coolant and the exit path of the quench chamber. This results in increased residence time of the gas and liquid coolant mixture in the quench chamber leading to enhanced removal of entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas.
- Referring to
FIG. 8 , a portion of a quenchchamber 124 is disclosed. In the illustrated embodiment,baffle 126 is disposed proximate to anexit path 127 in the quenchchamber 124. Thebaffle 126 may be a symmetric or an asymmetric baffle. As noted in the previous embodiments, hot effluent is directed from a combustion chamber to the quenchchamber 124 via adip tube 128. Adraft tube 130 is disposed surrounding thedip tube 128 such that anannular passage 132 is formed between thedip tube 128 and thedraft tube 130. The cooled syngas is directed through anannular passage 132 formed between thedip tube 128 and thedraft tube 130 and impacted against an inner wall of thebaffle 126 so as to remove additional entrained liquid coolant content from the cooled syngas. - In the illustrated embodiment the
draft tube 130 includes a steppedportion 134. In other words, theannular passage 132 formed between thedip tube 128 and thedraft tube 130 has different cross-sectional areas. The cross-sectional area of theannular passage 132 increases from oneend 136 to anotherend 138. This reduces any plugging at theend 136. - Referring to
FIG. 9 , a portion of a quenchchamber 140 is disclosed. In the illustrated embodiment, abaffle 142 is disposed proximate to anexit path 144 in the quenchchamber 140. Thebaffle 142 may be a symmetric or an asymmetric baffle. As noted in the previous embodiments, hot effluent is directed from a combustion chamber to the quenchchamber 140 via adip tube 146. Adraft tube 148 is disposed surrounding thedip tube 146 such that anannular passage 150 is formed between thedip tube 146 and thedraft tube 148. The cooled syngas is directed through anannular passage 150 formed between thedip tube 146 and thedraft tube 148 and impacted against an inner wall of thebaffle 142 so as to remove additional entrained liquid coolant content from the cooled syngas. - In the illustrated embodiment the
draft tube 148 has varying cross-sectional area. In other words, theannular passage 150 formed between thedip tube 146 and thedraft tube 148 has different cross-sectional areas. The cross-sectional area of theannular passage 150 increases from oneend 152 to anotherend 154. - In accordance with the embodiments discussed with reference to
FIGS. 8-9 , an annular passage having different cross-sectional areas facilitate to reduce syngas speed fed through the annular passage. In addition, this also increases the cross-sectional area between thedraft tube 148 and the quench vessel inner wall. This results in enhanced removal of entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas. - Referring to
FIG. 10 , a portion of a quenchchamber 156 is disclosed. In the illustrated embodiment, adraft tube 158 is positioned surrounding adip tube 160 in the quenchchamber 156. The cooled syngas is passed through theannular passage 162 formed between thedip tube 160 and thedraft tube 158 towards anexit path 164 of the quenchchamber 156. Abaffle 166 is disposed proximate to theexit path 164 in the quenchchamber 156. In the illustrated embodiment, thebaffle 166 is an asymmetric baffle. In another embodiment, thebaffle 166 is a symmetric baffle. Thebaffle 166 extends a distance below an upper edge of thedraft tube 158, but above the surface ofliquid coolant 168 filled in the quenchchamber 156. Thebaffle 166 includes acurved end portion 170, and a plurality ofgussets 172. An inner surface of the baffle may be made sticky. - The cooled syngas is directed through the
annular passage 162 and impacted against an inner wall of thebaffle 166. In the illustrated embodiment, a rotary device, for example aswirl generator 174 is disposed in theannular passage 162 and configured to induce swirling motion to the cooled syngas passed through theannular passage 162. As the cooled gas stream impinges against the inner surface ofbaffle 166, the imparted swirling motion facilitates the entrained liquid content in the gas stream to coalesce on the inner surface of thebaffle 166. In other words, the swirling motion imparts higher centrifugal force and thus generates higher droplet diameter of the entrained liquid. Thegussets 172 of thebaffle 166 facilitate to drain the liquid content removed by thebaffle 166. - Referring to
FIG. 11 , a portion of the quenchchamber 156 is disclosed. This embodiment is similar to the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 10 . Additionally, aseparator plate 176 is disposed between thedraft tube 158 and thebaffle 166. Theswirl generator 174 is disposed in theannular passage 162 and configured to induce swirling motion to the cooled syngas passed through theannular passage 162. This results in forming a entrained liquid film on an inner wall of thedraft tube 158 and the resulting liquid film is directed downward using theseparator plate 176. - Referring to
FIG. 12 , a portion of the quenchchamber 156 is disclosed. This embodiment is similar to the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 10 . Thebaffle 166 includes thecurved end portion 170 having aslope portion 178 and a plurality ofholes 180 to provide an exit path for entrained liquid content collected on thecurved end portion 170. The collected liquid content drained through theholes 180 is guided downwards through aguide pipe 182 coupled thecurved end portion 170. An end of thewater guide pipe 182 may be partially dipped in the liquid coolant in the quenchchamber 156. - Referring to
FIG. 13 , a portion of the quenchchamber 156 is disclosed. This embodiment is similar to the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 12 . Thebaffle 166 includes the plurality ofgussets 172 disposed proximate to theexit path 164. One ormore gussets 172 may be disposed on an inner circumference of thebaffle 166. Thegussets 172 may be circumferentially aligned with theexit path 166 and may have a curvature extending along a portion of the inner circumference of thebaffle 166. According to certain embodiments, thegussets 172 may extend approximately along one third of the inner circumference of thebaffle 166. Specifically, thegussets 172 may be designed to contact the increased velocity syngas and direct flow of entrained liquid content collected on thebaffle 166 away from theexit path 164. For example, thegussets 172 may impede droplets of the liquid content from becoming entrained in the higher velocity syngas directed towards theexit path 164. Thegussets 172 may also promote coalescence of the entrained liquid content. - Referring to
FIG. 14 , a portion of thebaffle 166 is disclosed. As discussed previously, one ormore gussets 172 may be disposed on the inner circumference of thebaffle 166. According to certain embodiments, thegussets 172 may extend approximately along one third of the inner circumference of thebaffle 166. In the illustrated embodiment, thegussets 172 may be angled downward in the quench chamber to direct the entrained liquid content away from the exit path of the quench chamber. - Referring to
FIG. 15 , a quenchchamber 184 is disclosed. In the illustrated embodiment, adraft tube 186 is positioned surrounding adip tube 188 in the quenchchamber 184. The cooled syngas is passed through theannular passage 190 formed between thedip tube 188 and thedraft tube 186 towards anexit path 192 of the quenchchamber 184. A faceted orround baffle 194 is disposed proximate to theexit path 192 in the quenchchamber 184. In one embodiment, thebaffle 194 is an asymmetric baffle. In another embodiment, thebaffle 194 is a symmetric baffle. A bottom 196 of thebaffle 194 is closed such that an area between thebaffle bottom 196 anddraft tube 186 is blocked using an annular plate. Thebaffle 194 has anopening 198 disposed opposite to theexit path 192 such that the syngas flows along a torturous path. - Referring to
FIG. 16 , a top view of the quenchchamber 184 is illustrated. As discussed previously, thebaffle 194 is disposed proximate to theexit path 192 in the quenchchamber 184. Thebaffle 194 has anopening 198 disposed opposite to theexit path 192 such that the syngas flows along a torturous path. - Referring to
FIG. 17 , a quenchchamber 200 is disclosed. In the illustrated embodiment, adraft tube 202 is positioned surrounding adip tube 204 in the quenchchamber 200. The cooled syngas is passed through theannular passage 206 formed between thedip tube 204 and thedraft tube 202 towards anexit path 208 of the quenchchamber 200. A faceted orround baffle 210 is disposed proximate to theexit path 208 and surrounding thedip tube 204 and thedraft tube 202 in the quenchchamber 200. The syngas is cooled by contacting aliquid coolant 212 in the quenchchamber 200. - Referring to
FIG. 18 , a quenchchamber 201 is disclosed. In the illustrated embodiment, asymmetric baffle 203 is disposed proximate to anexit path 205 and surrounding adip tube 207 and adraft tube 209 in the quenchchamber 201. - Referring to
FIG. 19 , a quenchchamber 200 is disclosed. This embodiment is same as the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 17 . In the illustrated embodiment, thedraft tube 202 is positioned surrounding thedip tube 204 in the quenchchamber 200. The cooled syngas is passed through theannular passage 206 formed between thedip tube 204 and thedraft tube 202 towards theexit path 208 of the quenchchamber 200. Abaffle 210 is disposed proximate to theexit path 208 and surrounding thedip tube 204 and thedraft tube 202 in the quenchchamber 200. In the illustrated embodiment, thebaffle 210 is a faceted baffle. The illustratedbaffle 210 includes a plurality ofsplash plates baffle 210 has anopening 227 opposite to theexit path 208. In another embodiment, theplates baffle 210 has a larger opening that will further decrease the syngas flow velocity and facilitate removal of entrained liquid content from the syngas. Thebaffle 210 has a shorter edge opposite to theexit path 208. A side of the baffle proximate to theexit path 208 extends down towards aliquid coolant 212 to provide a tortuous path for the flow of syngas. This forces the syngas to flow towards the opening of thebaffle 210 at the opposite end where a very large area exists that will decrease the syngas flow velocity and facilitate removal of entrained liquid content from the syngas. It should be noted herein that thebaffle 210 is angled up toward the opposite end of theexit path 208 to facilitate for pressure relief. - Referring to
FIG. 20 , afaceted baffle 228 is disclosed. In the illustrated embodiment, thefaceted baffle 228 includes achevron type mesh 230 instead of the splash plates illustrated inFIG. 19 . Thechevron mesh 230 includes a plurality of drainage traps 232 supported bybolts 234. Thechevron mesh 230 allows passage of syngas and removes the entrained liquid content from the syngas. In an alternate embodiment, a portion of theplates baffle 210 illustrated inFIG. 19 may be partially replaced by thechevron mesh 230. - Referring to
FIG. 21 , one of thesplash plate 214 of thebaffle 210 is illustrated. In the illustrated embodiment, a plurality of vertical strips portions are removed from thesplash plate 214 to form corresponding cut-outportions 236. Ametal piece 238 that is slightly larger in height and width of the cut-outportion 236 is then placed overlapping of each cut-outportion 236. Themetal pieces 238 are attached to thesplash plate 214 withspacers 240 disposed in-between to allow torturous path for gas flow through the cut-outportions 236 of theplate 214. - Referring to
FIG. 22 , one of thesplash plate 224 is illustrated. In the illustrated embodiment, a plurality of channels orgussets 242 are provided on an inner face of thesplash plate 224. Thegussets 242 are angled to allow entrained liquid content to flow down thesplash plate 224 to the gutters of the baffle. - Referring to
FIG. 23 , a quenchchamber 244 is disclosed. In the illustrated embodiment, adraft tube 246 is positioned surrounding adip tube 248 in the quenchchamber 244. The cooled syngas is passed through anannular passage 250 formed between thedip tube 248 and thedraft tube 246 towards anexit path 252 of the quenchchamber 244. A baffle 254 is disposed proximate to theexit path 252 in the quenchchamber 244. The baffle 254 may be a symmetric baffle or an asymmetric baffle. Additionally, ahelical baffle 256 is disposed in theannular passage 250 and may be designed to induce a spiraled or rotational flow pattern of the syngas through theannular passage 250. The rotational flow may increase flow path of the syngas in the quenchchamber 244, which in turn may increase the pressure drop to reduce fluid flow fluctuations. Furthermore, thebaffle 256 may promote a spiraled flow that may reduce entrainment of water and ash within the syngas. Moreover, the extended flow path of the syngas in the quenchchamber 244 may enhance the heat transfer rate. In general, thehelical baffle 256 may create a tortuous path for the flow of syngas within the quenchchamber 244. - Referring to
FIG. 24 , a quenchchamber 258 is disclosed. In the illustrated embodiment, adraft tube 260 is positioned surrounding adip tube 262 in the quenchchamber 258. The cooled syngas is passed through anannular passage 264 formed between thedip tube 262 and thedraft tube 260 towards anexit path 266 of the quenchchamber 258. Abaffle 268 is disposed proximate to theexit path 266 in the quenchchamber 258. Thebaffle 268 may be a symmetric baffle or an asymmetric baffle. In the illustrated embodiment, thebaffle 268 includes anextended portion 270 which may be angled to divert the entrained liquid content away from a lip of thebaffles 268 thereby reducing entrainment of liquid content in the exiting syngas. - Referring to
FIG. 25 , thebaffle 268 is illustrated. As discussed previously, thebaffle 268 is disposed proximate to the exit path in the quench chamber. In the illustrated embodiment, thebaffle 268 includes anextended portion 270 that may extend along approximately one third of aninner circumference 272 of thebaffle 268. Moreover, in certain embodiments, theextended portion 146 may include a gutter portion to divert entrained liquid content away from a lower lip of theextended portion 146. - The entrainment mitigation mechanisms depicted in
FIGS. 1-25 may be employed separately or in combination with one another. Moreover, as may be appreciated, the relative sizes, shapes, and geometries of the entrainment mitigation mechanisms may vary. The entrainment mitigation mechanisms may be employed in a quench chamber during the initial manufacturing, or the entrainment mitigation mechanisms may be retrofit into existing quench units. Further, the entrainment mitigation mechanisms may be adjusted based on operational parameters, such as the type of carbonaceous fuel, the system efficiency, the system load, or environmental conditions, among others to achieve the desired amount of flow damping. - This written description uses examples to disclose the invention, including the best mode, and also to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention, including making and using any devices or systems and performing any incorporated methods. The patentable scope of the invention is defined by the claims, and may include other examples that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from the literal languages of the claims.
- While only certain features of the invention have been illustrated and described herein, many modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. It is, therefore, to be understood that the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications and changes as fall within the true spirit of the invention.
Claims (37)
1. A gasifier comprising:
a combustion chamber in which a combustible fuel is burned to produce a syngas and a particulated solid residue,
a quench chamber having a liquid coolant disposed downstream of the combustion chamber,
a dip tube coupling the combustion chamber to the quench chamber and configured to direct syngas from the combustion chamber to the quench chamber to contact the liquid coolant and produce a cooled syngas;
an asymmetric or symmetric baffle disposed proximate to an exit path of the quench chamber and configured to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas directed through between the dip tube and the quench chamber to the exit path.
2. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the asymmetric or symmetric baffle comprises a curved end portion.
3. The gasifier of claim 2 , wherein the curved end portion includes a plurality of holes for removing the entrained liquid content.
4. The gasifier of claim 3 , further comprising a liquid guide pipe coupled to the plurality of holes in the curved end portion.
5. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the asymmetric or symmetric baffle comprises a deflected end portion.
6. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the asymmetric or symmetric baffle comprises one or more gussets configured to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas.
7. The gasifier of claim 6 , wherein the one or more gussets are disposed extending along a portion of an inner circumference of the baffle.
8. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the asymmetric or symmetric baffle comprises a stepped portion configured to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas.
9. The gasifier of claim 1 , further comprising a deflector plate disposed between the liquid coolant and the exit path of the quench chamber and configured to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas and prevent sloshing of liquid content to the exit path.
10. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the asymmetric or symmetric baffle comprises a faceted or round baffle having a closed bottom portion.
11. The gasifier of claim 10 , wherein the asymmetric or symmetric baffle has an opening disposed opposite to the exit path.
12. The gasifier of claim 10 , wherein the faceted baffle comprises a plurality of splash plates.
13. The gasifier of claim 12 , wherein each splash plate comprises one or more cut-out portions and one or more metal pieces, wherein the metal pieces is disposed overlapping the cut-out portions with a plurality of spacers disposed in between.
14. The gasifier of claim 12 , wherein each splash plate has a plurality of channels for allowing flow of entrained liquid content removed from the cooled syngas.
15. The gasifier of claim 10 , wherein the faceted baffle comprises a mesh structure having a plurality of drainage traps supported by one or more bolts.
16. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the asymmetric or symmetric baffle may be disposed in an angled orientation to allow pressure relief.
17. The gasifier of claim 1 , further comprising a draft tube disposed surrounding the dip tube and defining an annular passage there between, wherein the asymmetric or symmetric baffle is configured to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas directed through the annular passage to the exit path.
18. The gasifier of claim 17 , further comprising a separator plate disposed between the draft tube and the asymmetric or symmetric baffle and configured to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas.
19. The gasifier of claim 17 , further comprising a helical baffle disposed in the annular passage between the dip tube and the draft tube and configured to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas directed through the annular passage to the exit path.
20. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the asymmetric or symmetric baffle comprises an extended portion configured to divert the entrained liquid content removed from the cooled syngas, wherein the extended portion is disposed extending along a portion of an inner circumference of the baffle.
21. A gasifier comprising:
a combustion chamber in which a combustible fuel is burned to produce a syngas and a particulated solid residue,
a quench chamber having a liquid coolant disposed downstream of the combustion chamber,
a dip tube coupling the combustion chamber to the quench chamber and configured to direct syngas from the combustion chamber to the quench chamber to contact the liquid coolant and produce a cooled syngas;
a draft tube surrounding the dip tube and defining an annular passage there between;
an asymmetric or symmetric baffle disposed proximate to an exit path of the quench chamber;
a deflector plate disposed between the liquid coolant and the exit path of the quench chamber;
wherein the asymmetric or symmetric baffle and deflector plate are configured to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas directed through the annular passage to the exit path and prevent sloshing of liquid content to the exit path.
22. The gasifier of claim 21 , wherein the deflector plate comprises an asymmetric or symmetric plate.
23. The gasifier of claim 21 , wherein the asymmetric or symmetric baffle comprises a curved end portion.
24. The gasifier of claim 21 , wherein the asymmetric or symmetric baffle comprises a deflected end portion.
25. The gasifier of claim 21 , wherein the asymmetric or symmetric baffle comprises one or more gussets configured to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas.
26. The gasifier of claim 21 , wherein the asymmetric or symmetric baffle comprises a stepped portion configured to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas.
27. The gasifier of claim 21 , wherein the asymmetric or symmetric baffle comprises a faceted or round baffle having a closed bottom portion.
28. The gasifier of claim 27 , wherein the faceted baffle comprises a plurality of splash plates.
29. The gasifier of claim 28 , wherein each splash plate has a plurality of channels for allowing flow of entrained liquid content removed from the cooled syngas.
30. The gasifier of claim 27 , wherein the faceted baffle comprises a mesh structure having a plurality of drainage traps supported by one or more bolts.
31. The gasifier of claim 21 , further comprising a separator plate disposed between the draft tube and the asymmetric or symmetric baffle and configured to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas.
32. The gasifier of claim 21 , further comprising a helical baffle disposed between the annular passage between the dip tube and the draft tube and configured to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas directed through the annular passage to the exit path.
33. A gasifier comprising:
a combustion chamber in which a combustible fuel is burned to produce a syngas and a particulated solid residue,
a quench chamber having a liquid coolant disposed downstream of the combustion chamber,
a dip tube coupling the combustion chamber to the quench chamber and configured to direct syngas from the combustion chamber to the quench chamber to contact the liquid coolant and produce a cooled syngas;
a draft tube surrounding the dip tube and defining an annular passage having different cross-sectional area there between;
an asymmetric or symmetric baffle disposed proximate to an exit path of the quench chamber and configured to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas directed through the annular passage to the exit path.
34. The gasifier of claim 33 , wherein the asymmetric or symmetric baffle comprises one or more gussets configured to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas.
35. The gasifier of claim 33 , further comprising a deflector plate disposed between the liquid coolant and the exit path of the quench chamber and configured to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas and prevent sloshing of liquid content to the exit path.
36. A gasifier comprising:
a combustion chamber in which a combustible fuel is burned to produce a syngas and a particulated solid residue,
a quench chamber having a liquid coolant disposed downstream of the combustion chamber,
a dip tube coupling the combustion chamber to the quench chamber and configured to direct syngas from the combustion chamber to the quench chamber to contact the liquid coolant and produce a cooled syngas;
a draft tube surrounding the dip tube and defining an annular passage there between;
a swirl generator disposed in the annular passage and configured to induce swirling motion to the cooled syngas directed through the annular passage;
an asymmetric or symmetric baffle disposed proximate to an exit path of the quench chamber and configured to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas directed through the annular passage to the exit path.
37. The gasifier of claim 36 , further comprising a deflector plate disposed between the liquid coolant and the exit path of the quench chamber and configured to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas and prevent sloshing of liquid content to the exit path.
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US12/494,385 US20100325954A1 (en) | 2009-06-30 | 2009-06-30 | Quench chamber assembly for a gasifier |
CA2707799A CA2707799A1 (en) | 2009-06-30 | 2010-06-17 | Quench chamber assembly for a gasifier |
RU2010126333/05A RU2010126333A (en) | 2009-06-30 | 2010-06-29 | GASIFICATOR (OPTIONS) |
KR1020100062230A KR20110001968A (en) | 2009-06-30 | 2010-06-29 | Quench chamber assembly for a gasifier |
CN201010226943.8A CN101935552B (en) | 2009-06-30 | 2010-06-30 | Quench chamber assembly for a gasifier |
US12/957,086 US20110067304A1 (en) | 2009-06-30 | 2010-11-30 | Gasification quench chamber baffle |
US12/968,423 US9028569B2 (en) | 2009-06-30 | 2010-12-15 | Gasification quench chamber and scrubber assembly |
US13/617,891 US8758458B2 (en) | 2009-06-30 | 2012-09-14 | Quench chamber assembly for a gasifier |
US13/617,704 US8673036B2 (en) | 2009-06-30 | 2012-09-14 | Quench chamber assembly for a gasifier |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US12/494,385 US20100325954A1 (en) | 2009-06-30 | 2009-06-30 | Quench chamber assembly for a gasifier |
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US12/957,086 Continuation-In-Part US20110067304A1 (en) | 2009-06-30 | 2010-11-30 | Gasification quench chamber baffle |
US13/617,704 Division US8673036B2 (en) | 2009-06-30 | 2012-09-14 | Quench chamber assembly for a gasifier |
US13/617,891 Division US8758458B2 (en) | 2009-06-30 | 2012-09-14 | Quench chamber assembly for a gasifier |
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US13/617,891 Active 2029-07-29 US8758458B2 (en) | 2009-06-30 | 2012-09-14 | Quench chamber assembly for a gasifier |
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US13/617,891 Active 2029-07-29 US8758458B2 (en) | 2009-06-30 | 2012-09-14 | Quench chamber assembly for a gasifier |
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KR (1) | KR20110001968A (en) |
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Also Published As
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US8673036B2 (en) | 2014-03-18 |
CN101935552B (en) | 2015-06-17 |
US20130011308A1 (en) | 2013-01-10 |
CN101935552A (en) | 2011-01-05 |
US8758458B2 (en) | 2014-06-24 |
RU2010126333A (en) | 2012-01-10 |
KR20110001968A (en) | 2011-01-06 |
US20130011307A1 (en) | 2013-01-10 |
CA2707799A1 (en) | 2010-12-30 |
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