US20080202325A1 - Process of improving a gun arming efficiency - Google Patents
Process of improving a gun arming efficiency Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20080202325A1 US20080202325A1 US11/677,830 US67783007A US2008202325A1 US 20080202325 A1 US20080202325 A1 US 20080202325A1 US 67783007 A US67783007 A US 67783007A US 2008202325 A1 US2008202325 A1 US 2008202325A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- gun tube
- detonator
- perforating
- location
- gun
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/116—Gun or shaped-charge perforators
- E21B43/1185—Ignition systems
Definitions
- FIGS. 1-3 are pictorial diagrams in partial cross-section which illustrates an installation of a detonator into a perforating gun according to the prior art.
Abstract
A process is disclosed for assembling a gun tube for use in a perforating system. At a first location, which is not the site where perforating operations are to be conducted, the gun tube is completely assembled except for an initiating device. After transporting the gun tube to the site where perforating operations are to be conducted, an initiator is connected and installed via port in the gun tube.
Description
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The present invention generally relates to perforating apparatus, and, more particularly, to a process for improving the efficiency with which a perforating gun is armed.
- 2. Description of the Prior Art
- For purposes of enhancing production from a subterranean formation, a perforating gun typically is lowered down into a wellbore that extends through the formation. A perforating gun may, for example, comprise a plurality of radially-oriented shaped charges which are detonated to form perforations in the formation proximate the wellbore. The shaped charges may, for example, be placed at points along a helical spiral that extends around a longitudinal axis of the perforating gun.
- Current gun systems use separate components for the pressure bulkhead, detonator, charge holder, detonation cord and wiring to the guns below. When a gun is built, all the pieces are assembled together except the detonator and shipped to the location where the perforating operation is to be conducted. At that location, the gun is opened and the detonator is installed. The detonator may, for example, be an RF-safe detonator provided by the assignee of the present application, and this detonator may include an addressable switch, a fireset and an initiator. Accordingly, the installation of the detonator assembly at the site where perforating is to take place involves the connection of a number of wires in a very small space. The installation of the detonator also involves the utilization of a safety tube in which the detonator is placed before connection of the detonator to the wiring in the loading tube.
- It would be advantageous to be able to arm a perforating gun by utilizing a port in the gun assembly thereby avoiding the disassembly of the gun components. These novel and useful results have been realized by the method and apparatus of the present invention.
- In accordance with the present invention, a process is provided for assembling a perforating gun. A process in accordance with the present invention comprises installing into a gun tube at a first location (e.g. a workshop, manufacturing site, testing facility or non-field location that is not the site at which perforating operations will be conducted) a plurality of shaped charges having primer ends, a ballistics train including a detonating cord connected to the primer ends of the shaped charges, a detonator receptor that holds a booster and cord in place near a port, and wiring operatively connected between the ends of the gun tube and to the detonator receptor. One end of the detonating cord is also operatively connected to the detonator receptor. An embodiment of the detonator receptor includes an addressable switch and a fireset and a receptacle for receiving either an exploding foil initiator or an exploding bridge wire detonator. In other embodiments, the detonator receptor includes a receptacle for receiving either an exploding foil initiator or an exploding bridge wire, but does not include an addressable switch. An addressable switch comprises a circuit facilitating selection (e.g., from a surface location) of a particular perforating gun in a string of perforating guns. While the detonator receptor includes a receptacle for receiving either an exploding foil initiator or an exploding bridge wire detonator, it is significant that the exploding foil initiator or exploding bridge wire is not installed into the receptacle at the first location. The gun tube thus assembled may easily be packaged and electrically tested at the first location.
- A gun tube thus assembled at the first location is then transported to a second location, where the second location is the site at which the perforating operation will be conducted (e.g. a field location or other deployment site). At the second location, a process in accordance with the present invention comprises the step of installing an initiating device into the gun tube through a port in the carrier. The initiating device may, for example, be electrically connected to the fireset of the detonator receptor by a pair of wires through the port while in a safety tube and may then be operatively connected to the detonation cord by installing it into the detonator receptor. In one embodiment, the initiating device comprises an exploding foil initiator, while in another embodiment the initiating device is an exploding bridge wire detonator.
- In accordance with the present invention, a method of operating a perforating system is provided which comprises assembling a plurality of gun assemblies as described above and installing the assemblies into a carrier. Each adjacent pair of gun assemblies is separated by a pressure bulkhead. After many gun assemblies and pressure bulkhead as are needed in the perforating operation are assembled into the perforating string, the perforating string may then be lowered into the wellbore and the shaped charges may be detonated.
- In accordance with the present invention, a gun tube is provided which is made in accordance with the process of installing shaped charges, a detonating cord, a detonator receptor and wiring into the gun tube at a first location which is not the site at which the perforating operation will be conducted. Apparatus in accordance with the present invention includes a gun tube into which an RF-safe or similar detonator is installed at the location where the perforating operations are to be conducted.
- In the accompanying drawings:
-
FIGS. 1-3 are pictorial diagrams in partial cross-section which illustrates an installation of a detonator into a perforating gun according to the prior art. -
FIGS. 4-6 are pictorial diagrams in partial cross-section which illustrate a process in accordance with the present invention. - It will be appreciated that the present invention may take many forms and embodiments. In the following description, some embodiments of the invention are described and numerous details are set forth to provide an understanding of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate, however, that the present invention may be practiced without those details and that numerous variations and modifications from the described embodiments may be possible. The following description is thus intended to illustrate and not to limit the present invention.
- In the specification and appended claims: the terms “connect”, “connection”, “connected”, “in connection with”, and “connecting” are used to mean “in direct connection with” or “in connection with via another element”; and the term “set” is used to mean “one element” or “more than one element”. As used herein, the terms “up” and “down”, “upper” and “lower”, “upwardly” and “downwardly”, “upstream” and “downstream”; “above” and “below”; and other like terms indicating relative positions above or below a given point or element are used in this description to more clearly described some embodiments of the invention. However, when applied to equipment and methods for use in wells that are deviated or horizontal, such terms may refer to a left to right, right to left, or other relationship as appropriate.
- In general, the present invention regards improved perforating gun apparatuses and processes of manufacture, assembly, and use for RF-safe gun systems. As used herein, the term “RF-safe” means that the initiator of the gun system is designed to be substantially immune to typical levels of electrostatic discharge, RF radiation, and/or accidental or unintended applications of power. Moreover, various embodiments of the perforating gun apparatus and processes of manufacture and use are described with respect to selective fire (e.g., wherein the RF-safe initiator includes an addressable switch). It is intended, however, that other embodiments of the present invention include improved perforating gun apparatuses and processes of manufacture, assembly, and use for non-selective fire gun systems (e.g., wherein the RF-safe initiator does not include an addressable switch). In the specification, the term “RF-safe initiating device” is used to mean an exploding foil initiator, an exploding bridge wire detonator, or other component to initiate the gun system in an RF-safe manner. In the specification and appended claims, the terms “detonator” and “initiator” may be used interchangeably.
- With reference to
FIGS. 1-3 , there is illustrated a process according to the prior art for installing adetonator 10 in agun tube 12 at a location where perforating operations are to be conducted. The size ofdetonator 10 necessitates the removal of end-to-end connections 22 ofadjacent gun assemblies detonator 10 ingun tube 12. After end-to-end connections 22 have been removeddetonator 10 is placed insafety tube 18 and thewires 14 are then connected to the leads of thedetonator 14. Once wired,detonator 10 may be removed fromsafety tube 18 and installed in the ballistics train by connecting detonatingcord 16 todetonator 10. The end-to-end connections 22 of the gun assemblies 12 and 20 may then be re-established. This prior art method of assembling a perforating gun for deployment in the field is inefficient due to the disassembly required. - With reference now to
FIGS. 4-6 , an embodiment of agun tube 40 in accordance with the present invention comprises adetonator receptor 48 which could include an addressable switch, a fireset, or simply areceptacle 49 for receiving an RF-safe initiating device, but does not include an initiating device. In other embodiments, thedetonator receptor 48 does not include an addressable switch. Thedetonator receptor 48, along with shaped charges (not shown),wiring 41, and detonatingcord 52 are installed ingun tube tube 40 at a first location which is not the site where perforating operations are to be conducted. Thewiring 20 interconnects the ends of thegun tube detonator receptor 48. The detonatingcord 52 is connected to the primer ends of the shaped charges, and one end of detonatingcord 52 is operatively connected todetonator receptor 48. All of the components of the detonating apparatus (absent the RF-safe initiating device) are thus installed at the first location. -
Gun tube 40 further comprises aport 42 covered by aremovable plug 43. In various embodiments, theplug 43 may be an insertable, threaded, or sliding cover, or any other device to removably obstruct communication into the inner bore of the gun tube. At a second location which is the site at which perforating operations are to be conducted,port 42 is opened and RF-safe initiatingdevice 56 is connected towires 50 such that the RF-safe initiating device is operatively connected to the fireset in thedetonator receptor 48. Once wired, RF-safe initiatingdevice 56 may be installed viaport 42 intoreceptacle 49 ofdetonator receptor 48. The installation of RF-safe initiator 56 intodetonator receptor 48 is such that RF-safe initiatingdevice 56 is operatively connected to the detonatingcord 52. After installation of the RF-safe initiatingdevice 56,port 42 is closed again communication into thegun tube 40 is interrupted byplug 43. - In some embodiments, the gun tube may comprise a loading tube, or any other tubular gun housing assembly. Also, in some embodiments, the detonator receptor may comprise an electronic board.
- Embodiments of the perforating gun of the present invention—as described above—include apparatuses, processes, and methods wherein a perforating gun is assembled at a first location that is not the site of perforating operations. The “first location” can actually comprise one location that is not the actual perforating site (i.e., at the well), or alternatively a combination of locations each of which are not the actual perforating site. For example, the initiator (without the final RF-safe initiating device) may be manufactured and installed into the gun tube at a shop in China, and then the gun tube may be transported to a shop in the United States where the detonating cord and shaped charges are installed and the gun tube is transported to the well site. At the wellsite, the RF-safe initiating device may be installed via a port in the gun tube. One or more of the guns may be connected together to form an assembled and armed perforating gun string. Finally, the perforating gun string may be deployed in the well for detonation downhole.
Claims (15)
1. A process for assembling a gun tube with first and second ends for use in a perforating gun, comprising:
installing shaped charges and detonating cord in the gun tube at a first location which is not where the perforating operation will be conducted, the detonating cord being operatively connected to the primer ends of the shaped charges;
forming a port in the gun tube to permit access to the interior of the gun tube;
installing a fireset and detonator receptor adapted to receive an initiating device into the gun tube proximate said port; and
installing wiring into said gun tube at the first location where the wiring is operatively connected between the ends of the gun tube and to the detonator receptor..
2. The process of claim 1 , further comprising steps to be performed at a second location where perforating operations are to be conducted, the steps comprising:
connecting an initiating device to the fireset of detonator receptor via the port and installing the initiating device via the port into the gun tube so that the initiating device is in operative connection with one end of the detonating cord; and
closing the port.
3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the initiating device is an RF-safe exploding foil initiator.
4. The process of claim 2 , wherein the initiating device is an RF-safe exploding bridge wire detonator.
5. A gun tube for a perforating gun which is assembled in accordance with the process of claim 1 .
6. A method of assembling a perforating system, comprising:
(a) installing a detonator receptor comprising an addressable switch and a fireset into a gun tube at a first location which is not the site of the perforating operation;
(b) installing wiring into said gun tube at said first location;
(c) installing shaped charges and a detonating cord into the gun tube at said first location;
(d) repeating steps (a)-(c) for as many gun tubes as are required in the perforating system;
(e) transporting the gun tubes assembled in steps (a)-(c) to a second location which is the site where perforating operations will be conducted; and
(f) installing an RF-safe initiating device into each gun tube at said second location through a port in the gun tube, said RF-safe initiating device, when installed, being operatively connected to said fireset and to said detonating cord.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the RF-safe initiating device comprises an exploding bridge wire detonator.
8. The method of claim 6 , wherein the RF-safe initiating device comprises an exploding foil initiator.
9. Apparatus for use in a perforating gun comprising:
a gun tube with first and second ends with connectors at said ends for receiving shaped charges, a detonating cord and wiring;
a detonator receptor comprising a fireset installed in said gun tube at a first location which is not the site at which perforating operations are to be conducted;
wiring which is installed at said first location and which is operatively connected between the connectors and to the detonator receptor;
a detonating cord and shaped charges which are installed into the gun tube at a said first location, the detonating cord being operatively connected to the primer ends of the shaped charges and to the detonator receptor.
10. The apparatus in claim 9 , further comprising an RF-safe initiating device which is installed in the gun tube via a port in the gun tube at a second location which is the site of perforating operations.
11. The gun tube apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the RF-safe initiating device is selected from a group consisting of an exploding bridge wire detonator and an exploding foil initiator.
12. The gun tube apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the detonator receptor further comprises an addressable switch.
13. A perforating apparatus for assembly at a first location and for use in a perforating system at a second location, where the first location is not the site where perforating operations will be conducted, comprising:
a gun tube having an inner bore formed therein and first and second ends and connectors at each first and second end, the inner bore adapted for receiving shaped charges, a detonating cord, wiring, and a detonator receptor, the gun tube further comprising a port formed therein adapted to establish communication between the inner bore and external of the gun tube, the detonator receptor comprising an addressable switch and a fireset for operative connection to the detonating cord, the detonator receptor further comprising a receptacle for receiving a RF-safe initiating device;
a plug adapted to close the port in the gun tube;
a plurality of shaped charges having primer ends;
a detonating cord for connection to the primer ends of the shaped charges; and
wiring for connection between the connectors and to the detonator receptor.
14. The perforating apparatus of claim 13 , wherein the RF-safe initiating device is an exploding foil initiator.
15. The perforating apparatus of claim 13 , wherein the RF-safe initiating device is an exploding bridge wire.
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/677,830 US20080202325A1 (en) | 2007-02-22 | 2007-02-22 | Process of improving a gun arming efficiency |
CA 2619167 CA2619167C (en) | 2007-02-22 | 2008-01-30 | Process of improving a gun arming efficiency |
SG200800840-1A SG145621A1 (en) | 2007-02-22 | 2008-01-30 | Process of improving a gun arming efficiency |
CNA2008100807316A CN101251001A (en) | 2007-02-22 | 2008-02-18 | Process of improving a gun arming efficiency |
RU2008106632/03A RU2455468C2 (en) | 2007-02-22 | 2008-02-20 | Method of improving borehole perforator charging efficiency |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/677,830 US20080202325A1 (en) | 2007-02-22 | 2007-02-22 | Process of improving a gun arming efficiency |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20080202325A1 true US20080202325A1 (en) | 2008-08-28 |
Family
ID=39709172
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US11/677,830 Abandoned US20080202325A1 (en) | 2007-02-22 | 2007-02-22 | Process of improving a gun arming efficiency |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080202325A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101251001A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2619167C (en) |
RU (1) | RU2455468C2 (en) |
SG (1) | SG145621A1 (en) |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20120199352A1 (en) * | 2011-02-03 | 2012-08-09 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Connection cartridge for downhole string |
US8393393B2 (en) | 2010-12-17 | 2013-03-12 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Coupler compliance tuning for mitigating shock produced by well perforating |
US8397814B2 (en) | 2010-12-17 | 2013-03-19 | Halliburton Energy Serivces, Inc. | Perforating string with bending shock de-coupler |
US8397800B2 (en) | 2010-12-17 | 2013-03-19 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Perforating string with longitudinal shock de-coupler |
US8714252B2 (en) | 2011-04-29 | 2014-05-06 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Shock load mitigation in a downhole perforation tool assembly |
US8875796B2 (en) | 2011-03-22 | 2014-11-04 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Well tool assemblies with quick connectors and shock mitigating capabilities |
US8899320B2 (en) | 2010-12-17 | 2014-12-02 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Well perforating with determination of well characteristics |
WO2014201123A1 (en) | 2013-06-12 | 2014-12-18 | Casedhole Holdings, Inc. | Assembly of rf-safe switch and detonator system in a non-rf free environment |
US8978817B2 (en) | 2012-12-01 | 2015-03-17 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Protection of electronic devices used with perforating guns |
US8978749B2 (en) | 2012-09-19 | 2015-03-17 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Perforation gun string energy propagation management with tuned mass damper |
US8985200B2 (en) | 2010-12-17 | 2015-03-24 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Sensing shock during well perforating |
US9091152B2 (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2015-07-28 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Perforating gun with internal shock mitigation |
US9297228B2 (en) | 2012-04-03 | 2016-03-29 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Shock attenuator for gun system |
US20160245058A1 (en) * | 2015-02-20 | 2016-08-25 | Geodynamics, Inc. | Wellbore Gun Perforating System and Method |
US9568288B2 (en) | 2014-02-05 | 2017-02-14 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Surface mount exploding foil initiator |
US9598940B2 (en) | 2012-09-19 | 2017-03-21 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Perforation gun string energy propagation management system and methods |
US9689223B2 (en) | 2011-04-01 | 2017-06-27 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Selectable, internally oriented and/or integrally transportable explosive assemblies |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN101251001A (en) | 2008-08-27 |
CA2619167A1 (en) | 2008-08-22 |
CA2619167C (en) | 2015-03-31 |
RU2455468C2 (en) | 2012-07-10 |
SG145621A1 (en) | 2008-09-29 |
RU2008106632A (en) | 2009-08-27 |
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