US1863849A - Turbine pump - Google Patents

Description

June 21, 1932.

A. HOLLANDR TURBINE PUMP Filed DeC. 25. 1929 l y A l In-vento@ (Maa/wb Patentedl June 2l, 1932 UNITED STATI-:s

PATENT OFFICE ALADAR nonnANnEn, or PAsAnENA, cALrroiiNm,I AssIGNon To BYRON JAcxsoN oo., or sAN FnANcIsco, CALIFORNIA, A ooRroRA'r'IoN or DELAWARE ".rUaBrNE rum.

,"Application filed December 28, 1929. Serial No. 415,912n

This invention relates -to a turbine or centrifugal pump and while adapted for horizontal and surface turbine pumps, it is particularly suitable for deep well centrifugal pumps in whichA the pump is suspended in a well hole.

It is the general object -ofthelpi'esent in` v'ention to provide a turbine or centrifugal pump comprising one or more stages in which the bowls of thedifferent stages are constructed in a. novel "manner, tending to sim-- plify` the manufacturing, reduce cost, and facilitate assembling the-pump, while securing at the. Sametime superiority 1n operation.

A turbine or centrifugal pump ofthe multistage type comprises an impeller shaft bearing a number of pump runners or impellers.

These pump runners take suction at their lower center and discharge a revolving stream of water from their peripheries. The peripheries'of the impellers discharge the water into a 'diffusion chamber from which the water or other liquid is -passed to a return chamber, the function of which is to return the water or other liquid to the center of the succeeding higher 'impeller and at the same time by means of vanes, to remove the vortex motion of the water. The diffusion chamber may or Y may not contain.y vanes, but if the diffusion chamber contains vanes, they are at a different angle than the vanes of the return 'chamber. As ordinarily constructed, the diffusion and return chamber ofeach stage of the pump is built in a single unit. and these units are provided with means by whichl the several stages of the pump may be connected together. As thus constructed, the impellers of each stage ofthe pump must be placed in position on the impeller shaft as each bowl is positioned, involving an expenslve assembly operation which has the disadvantage that it is difiicult to properly align the impellers inthe bowls.

I have found that by cpnstructing the diffusion chambers and return chambers of the bowls in separate units and providing them with self-aligning faces or flanges and by additionally'providing` a separate means, independent ofthe body of the bowls, for clamping all of the bowls and their parts together, a pump is provided in which the parts may be more economically produced, the desired shapes of the chambers more accurately attained and moreover, a pump is provided in which the bowls of the pump may@ be placed in position after all of the impellers and runners of the pump have been accurately placed upon the impeller shaft. Moreover, the whole rotating element with all its assembled impellers may be taken and dynamically balanced. This can not' normally be done since the normal bowls are not constructed so that they may be applied to the lliat after the impellers have been assem- In a turbine pump of this class the impellers eject a revolving stream v4of fluid in which about a half of the energy in the fluid is in the form of velocity and about a. half pressure. I have found that by constructing the diffusion chamber and the return chamber in separate parts that the vanes of the diffusion chamber may be best shaped fonconverting the velocity component of the fluid -into, pressure while directing the fluid upward in the pump rather than radially. By providing diffusion vanes forming passages of expanding cross sections and angled up- .wardly, the velocity component of the fluid chamber and the vanes for removing the l residual vortex of the fluid from each other description of the preferred form or example of a pump embodying the inventicn. For this purpose there is hereafter described, with reference to the accompanying drawing, one example of a turbine or centrifugal pump embodying the present invention.

.by non-vane chambers and by building the j impeller shaft which in practice may be confusI ' ne'cted with additional shaft sections and led to the surface of the-'well' where'it may be driven by any suitable means. The im ller shaft 1 has rigidly connected therewith a= pluralit ofimpellersor'pu .runners 2, three o which are indicated.. hesetimpellers-2jare secured rigid with the shaft 1 by suitable means, such as the set screws 3. The

impellers 2 are provided' with -iiuid passages -including the inlet-ends '4 which are at the center and lower ends of the impellers which lead the vfluid pum to the peripheral discharge-ways 5 of t e impellers. Any prefe'rred or desired form of impeller may be employled. ac impeller is housed ina pump bowl 6 and said pump bowls 6 are dlvidedinto a lower part 7 and an u per part 8, the lower part 7 providin a di usion chamber which receivesthe flui from the periphervxof the impellerpf the stage and passes the fluid up'-1 wardly ast theimpeller to the return chamber 8. ey diffusion chamber 7 is provided `'with u wardly slanting vanes 9 which lead the Huid, leaving the impeller radially, in auf axial direction upwardly hrough the pump.- a

The vanes 9 of the diffusion chamber are I brought closer together at their lower ends and; their upper ends form e anding pas- -sa es slanting upwardly whic rmit the ve ocity component of the iiuid to changed into pressure'. The returnchambers 8 form an open"A chamber 10a adjacent chamber of the diffusion member and the latter half of the return chambers are provided with vanes 1Q lying. substantially 'in vertical planes, the unc on.. of which 'is'.to remove ction of the-fluid. The- 'passages of the reta'i chamber 8 lead back to the center ofthepymp feeding the fluid in an upwardl parsing smooth stream to the inlet end' o the impeller assages to the succeeding higher impeller o the 'pump.

By constructingl the diffusion chambers 17 the residualvortex separate from thereturn chamber 8V of the bowl, it is possible, to cast' these parts more l readil 'particularly in the smaller sizes and in ad ition thereto, vanes 9 and 10 of these chambers may` be more accurately formed l'so thatthey are better adaptedfor xtheir se arate action. 1

referably, the upper parts or members of the'pump bowls arediametrically divided u into 'equal parts wand b in order thatthe pump may bemore readily assembled and 16 forming 'the separate'halvesfof'the upper parte of the bowls or diffusion chambersare provided' with flanges 12 receiving bolts 13-or otherwise formed with means for retaining'the halves united.' In certain cases, however, I rel solely uponthe additional means provi ed in the pump for. clamping the pump inafter. escribed interfitting' flanges of the upper and lower bowlparts for retaining the halves of the return chamber united. Y

. The minimum inner diameter of the diusion chambers 7 is'made slightly larger than that of the outer diameter' of the -runners or impellers-2 so that the diffusion chambers may be slipped axially over the imlpellers 2 when they are assembled upon t peller shaft 1. The diffusion chamber 7 and return chamber 8 are formed with suitable interlocking faces designed for axially aligning these chambers in t e desired position and for clamping the halves of the return chambers together.

4These interlocking faces are preferably formed by centering flange 14 onthe bottom of the return chamber adapted `to havean arcuate machine' lit with the4 innerbore' of the diffusion chambers 7. There is also p'rovided an annular recess 15 at the upper end, .of the return chambers .adapted to receive the lower end of the diiusion chamber A7 of the succeeding higher stage. The diffusion chamber below the return. chamber thushas a centering interlocking Ifit .with the return 4chamber 'and the diffusion chamber above the parts are preferably axiall held together" bowls to ether in connection with the heree im y a Singleelamping mem r which is ilf lustrated as preferably composing a sleeve a so a housing for the bowls of the impellers.

its lower end 17 to the lusualy suction case 18 of the pumpwhich is provided with aring 19e-a engagin the lower end of the lowest di'usion fcham er of the pum The upper lll The sleeve 16 is indicatedas threaded' at lll end of the sleeve 16 is threade as indicated' at 19, -to av pump neck or top case member 2O which encloses-the upper impeller of the pump and leads the iuid to' the, usual discharge casing.' (not shown) of the pump whichis connected to the threiads 21. Theneck or top casing of the pum provides a acking chamber 22 and suita le means 23 or connection withjthe inner casing. of the line shafting' of the ump which houses' the impeller shaft 1. L- he top casing 26 engages the groove of the upperapump runner.

By turning the top casing relativejto the lower casing or suction case,

i sleeve 16 tightens these two casings against the collection of pump bowls and parts, firmly pressing the same together in an axial direction and locking them in the desired operating positions. y

The suction case 18 is shown as provided with webs 30 leading to a bearing 31 for the lower end of the impeller shaft l. The lower end of the suction case 18 is internally threaded, as indicated at 32, so that it may be attached to the screen in the usual manner.

With the turbine pump thus described, the impellers 2 may all be accurately positioned on the impeller shaft 1 before the remainder of the pump is assembled. The diffusion chambers 7 may then be passed over the lower end of the impeller shaft and over the impellers to their desired positions.k The separate halves of the return chambers can be placed imposition and engage with the bearing faces of the diffusion chambers and thus held from parting.` By connecting then the top and bottom casing with the retaining sleeve 16, the entire assembly is immediately brought together with all parts accurately in the desired operating position.

While the4 articular form of turbine pump herein descri ed is well adapted for carrying out the objects of the present invention, various modifications and changes in detail of the parts may be made without departing from the spirit and objects of the invention and this invention includes all such changes and modifications as come within the scope of the ap pended claims.

I claim:

1. A turbine pump comprising an impeller shaft, an impeller on said shaft, a pump bowl including a diffusion chamber member having vanes which spiral upward and outward, belng radial at their lower ends and axial at their upper ends, a return chamber member having iiange interlocking fit with said diffusion lchamber member, said return chamber member having vsubstantially vertical vanes, the return chamber member being dividedin a vertical plane, and meansfor axially compressing the pump bowl parts for retaining the interlocking faces thereof together.

2. A turbine well pump comprising a vertical shaft includino a plurality of impellers, diffusion chambers xfor said impellers capable of being axially slipped over the impellers while they are assembled on the impeller shaft. return chambers forsaid impellers divided in vertical planes and adapted -to be assembled With the impellers and diffusion chambers in place, interlocking faces on said diffusion chambers and return rchambers, and a common retaining member for retaining the diffusion chambers and return chambers from axiall separating.

3. turbine well pump comprisin an im- 'peller shaft including a plurality o impellers, pump bowls for said impellers, said pump bowls comprising a separatediifusion chamber member and a separate return chamber member, the diffusion chamber member having vanes which spiral upward and outward being radial at their lower ends and axial at their upper ends, the return cham-- ber forming open passages adjacent the diffusion member and being provided with vanes lying in axial planes.

4. A turbine well pump comprising animpeller shaft including a plurality of impellers, pump bowls for said impellers, said pump bowls comprising a separate diffusion chamber member and a separate return chamber member, the diffusion chamber member having vancs which spiral upward and outward being radial at their lower ends and axial at their upper ends, the return chamber forming open assages adjacent the diffusion member and eing provided with Vanes lying in axial planes, and a common means for clamping the plurality of pump bowls together and holding the diffusion chamber members and return chamber members together.

Signed at Los Angeles, California, this 10th day of Decemrbr, 1929.

AALADAR HOLLANDER.

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