US1487828A - Ventilator - Google Patents

Description

'HSZSZS F. ZIGANEK ET AL March 25 VENTILATO R 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed oct. 14

arch 25, 19242 1,487,828

. F. ZIGANEK ET AL u VENTILATOR Filed dot. 14. 1922 s sheets-sheet 2 March 25, 1924.; 3,487,828

` F. ZIGANEK ET Al.

VENTILATOR Filed oct. 14, 1922 I s sheets-sheet Patent ar. 25, 1324.

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'VENTILATOBP Application led October It, 1922. Serial No.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that we., FERDINAND ZIGANEK and CHARLES W. SCHWAB, citizens of the United States, residing atDetroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michi an, have invented certain new and useful mprovements in ventilators, of which the folowing is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to improvements in ventilators, and an important object of the invention is to provide a combined induction and eduction force draft ventilator.

A further object of the invention is to provide a construction of this character wherein the Ventilating passages for induction and eduction are arranged concentrically.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a construction wherein the outward passage of foul air is so controlled and arranged as to revent `the passage into the induction cham er of particles of matter heavier than air, such asl dust and the like.

Another object of the invention is to provide a construction of this character wherein the eduction opening through which foul air passes is automatically opened upon starting of the fan employed for creating a current of air through such opening, together with means for automatically closing the opening when the fan is stopped.

An additional object of the invention is to provide a construction of this character which may be readily assembled, which is adjustable to various thicknesses of walls, and which will be eiicient and durable in service, preventing the formation of drafts and the collection of dust and dirt.

These and other objects we accom lish by the construction and arrangement s own in the accompanying drawings whereinfor the purpose of illustration is shown a preferred embodiment of our invention and wherein like reference characters designate like parts throughout.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a sectional a ventilator constru ourl invention;

Figure 2 is a fragmentary view showing the action of the air currents when the eduction conduit valve is open;

Figure 3 is a section on the line 3 3 of Figurejl; p

Figure 4 is an enlarged sectional view showin the construction of the induction fan and fan chamber Figure 5 is a perspective view of a fragment of the fan. structure showing the manner of forming the induction and eduction blades;

Figure 6 is a sectional v baffle plate employed for ac tion valve; Y

Figure 7 is a plan view of the valve controlling the induction channel; and

igure 8 is a similar view of the manually operated valve controlling the eduction channel.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, the numerals 10 and 11 indicate telescoping tubes adapted to be arranged within an opening 12 formed in a wall W, the outer ends of the tubes being rovided with. flanges 13 and 14 respective y, these flanges bein adapted to embrace the wall within whic the tubes are arranged. Securing elements 15 extend throu h the Wall and through the flange 13 of te tube 10. From the inner face of the wall a tube 16 is entered, having at its inner end a flange 17 adapted to abut against the flange 14 of the tube 11. To' this tube 16 at the outer end thereof is secured an annular ring member 18, substantially U-shaped in cross section, one arm 19 of the U having engagement with the outer end of the tube. The bight portion 20 of the ring member 18 has yopenings 20a formed therein for a purpose presently to appear. 9o

Aconduit 21 is provided, the inner end of which is slightly oii'set to form an enlargement at 22, the inner extremity of the tube being provided with an outstanding flange 23, the periphery of which abutsthe inner face of the tube 16 and is secured thereto atv a point spaced inwardly of the innerend .of the tube 16, as indicated at 24. The ange 23 has openings 25 formed therein for a purpose presently to appear. An annulus 26 100 abuts the inner face of the flange 23 and has openings 27 formed therein corresponding to the openings of the flange 23. By rotating this annulus, the spaces between the openings 27 may be caused to cover the open- 105 ings 25 and accordingly passage of air therethrough prevented. At its lower edge the annulus 26 has secured thereto a handle member 28 having a portion slidably fitting against the inner wall of the tube 16 and 110 iew showing the tuating the educview takenthrough cted in accordance with pojecting through the inner faceof the wall v outwardly '33 adapte flared, as indicated at 31, and extending over the flange 17 of the tube 16,

.as indicated at 32. The extremity of this extended ortion is provided with a flange d to abut the wall and fit theouter edges of the flanges 17 and 14. The tube 30 is cut awayat those portions wherein the handle member 28 operates to permit movement of the handle, and this tube forms the outer wall of the inner end of the induction passage of the ventilator.

In the enlarged portion 22 of the conduit 21 seats the outer end of a second conduit 34, the inner end of which is flared, asindicated at 35. This conduit 34 forms the inner end of the eduction conduit and likewise serves to form the inner wall of the inner end of the induction conduit. Attention is directed to the fact that due tothe flaring of the end of the tube 30 and the conduit 34, incoming air will be directed in a plane substantially at right angles to its direction of entrance and will parallel the wall in which the ventilator is placed, thereby preventing the formation of drafts by the incoming air.

The annulus 36 is secured against the flange 13 of the member 10 by means of the securing elements 15 hereinbefore mentioned and is provided adjacent its inner ed e with a series of circumferentiallfy arrange openings 37 forv the assage o air. he outer edge of the annu us 36 is provided with an outstanding flange 38 for a purpose presently to a pear. The central openi 39 of this annu us slidably receives a con uit 40 forming the outer end of the eduction conduit and, as will hereinafter more fully alpear, the inner wall of the outer end of t e induction conduit. The inner end of the conduit 40 fits within and against the inner face of the rin member 18 and has its inner extremity in s ightly spaced relation to the outer extremity of the conduit 21 so as to afford therebetween a slot 41. Arranged within the conduit 21 is a spider 42 formlng va su port for a motor 43, the shaft 44 of is co-axial with the conduit 21 andwhic accordingly with the tube 16. It will be noted that between the ring member 18 and the flange 23 of the conduit 21 and between the conduits 40 and 21 and the tube 16 an annular chamber C is formed which communicates with the interior of the conduit 21 through the slot 41. The shaft 44 of the motor has secured thereto, as by means of bushing 45 and lock nut 46, a fan structure comprising blades 47 each of which is prorent of air through the chamber C when rthe fan is rotated in a'direction opposite to the path of movement of air under influenceof the blades 47. It will accordingly be seen that during operation of the motor a current will be forced outwardly throu h the conduits 34, 21 and 40 andinwa ly through the openings 37, 20, 25 and 27, passing into the room bein duit 34 and tu 30 and being directed along the wall of the room, .as hereinbefore described.

It has been found i'n ing the entrance end o induction conduits is necessary to prevent the collection and entrance to the `room of dust and dirt, and to this end we provide upon the exterior of the conduit 40 at .that portion thereof which projects beyond the outer face of the wall lV, a succession of bells 50, 51 and 52, each,

of which is dished and has the dishedside thereof directed toward the wall W. The innermost bell 52 is formed by employing a disk 53 having a tubularl flange 54 connected with the outer edge thereof by a curved wall,

the curve of this wall being such as to direct air striking thereagainst into the bells 50 and 51. The conduit 40 has formed therein between the bells 50 and 51'and between the bells 51 and 52, a series of-openings 55 each provided at that edge thereof next adjacent the fan with' a cowl 56l extending into the.

conduit.

It will be seen that when the fan is in operation, the passage of air through the uconduit 40 will cause a suction to be created at the openings 55, causing a current of air to enter between the bells50, 51 and 52 and accordingly the air deflected into these bells ventilated between the con- Y'ractice that shield-y ioo bythe curved surface ofthe bell 52 to Jbe m drawn through the openin s 55 and forced from the dischar en d o the conduit 40. This movement o the air will tend to with draw from that air passing in at the induction openings any heavier particles, causing the same to be discharged without the wall together with the vitiated air withdrawn from the room being ventilated. This is due to the fact that the suction caused at the openin between they bells is suicient to artial y counterbalance the suction created etween the bell 52 and the flange 38 of the annulus 36 and permit these heavier parinner end centrali v impulse to mareas ticles to fall until they pass out ot the current of air'moving to the induction openin rihe vouter end of the conduit 40 is dared, as indicated at 57, and has seated therein a valve 58, ilustre-conical in form and having its inner end entirely closed.- To this thereof a shaft 59 is secured, which shdably extends through a suitable support 61 arranged Within t e conduit 40. Pivoted to the support 61 are bell crank levers,

62, the upper ends ot' one pair of arms of which are diverged and have secured therebetr-,veen a bae plate 6d. Between the bearings which are tvvo in number, the arms 63 have a pin and slot engagement with the shaft 59 so that movement of these arms causes a movement of the shaft and a corresponding movement of the frustro-conical valve 58. The outer bearing `60 has abutted .thereagainst one end of a coil spring 65 which surrounds the shaft 59, the pur ose of which will presently appear. The. ot erl arms 66 of the bell cranks 62 have secured to the extremities thereof counterbalance weights 67 of sucient weight to normally maintain the valve 58 in closed position. 1.

In the operation of the device when the fan is started, a current of air is formed through the induction channel entering the room and a second current which is outthrough the exhaust chant Wardly directed nel. j This second current of airf-im'pinging a ainst the bae plate 64, forces the bamfe gate toward the exhaust end of the conuit, causing the shaft to be shifted in its bearings'and the valve 58 to open to permit the exhaust `of the air.4 Attention is directed to the fact that the 'arrangement of the lvalve 58 is such that upon opening, a current of airis formed along the walls of the conduit 40 increasing the suction at the openings 55 and preventing the collection of dust upon the Walls -creofl en the valve 58 1s fully opened,

the sprin 65 is compressed and accordingly Whenft e fan b isstopped this spring imparts an initial the shaft 59 through the arms 63. The. closing of the valve 58 is completed by the counter-weights 67 and the valve maintained normali in closed posip. tion by these To revent the collectlon of dust upon do countervvei ts.

the wa lsof the conduits 34 and 21, we provide an adjusting member 68 in the form of a disk having its inner face dished centrally and provided at its periphery with a Hangs adapted to en 1:@ e about the outer ge ot the bell 35 t e tube 3d. This disk has formed therein alplurality of radially extending openin 69 increasing in Width toward theirpouter ends so .that incoming air is directed lar Waits et the conduite 3d an si andthe colly against the lection of dirt thereby prevented. Furthermore this construction has been found to greatly assist in the elimination of drafts at the induction end of the exhaust. Upon the inner face of the dished portion of the disk 68 we arrange a dished control member 70, the position of which is controlled by `an operating member 71 extending through the disk 68 centrally thereof and which control member is'provided with openings similar to the openings 59 of the disk 68.' These openings are suciently spaced to permit complete covering thereof by the spaces intermediate the openings Iso that the exhausting of air from the room being' ventilated may be discontinued at any time.

F rom the foregoing it is believed to be obvious that by the use of a' ventilator constructed in accordance with our invention the formation of drafts is to a great extent avoided, and the induction to a ventilated room of dust Aand dirt to ay great measure prevented. It will also be noted that the automatic control of the eduction end of the eduction conduit will tend to prevent the formation of back drafts when the ventilator is not in use and the entrance of wind and rain. Manychanges bein possible inv the construction hereinbeire set forth Without in any manner departing from the spirit of our invention, limit ourselves to the specific structure thereof, except as hereinafter claimed.

1. In a ventilator, a conduit, means surrounding the conduit and combining therewith to form about the conduit an annular passage, the Wall of the lconduit havin a slot extending therethrough and adording communication with said passage, a fan structure arranged within the conduit, means for rotating said fan structure, and extensions carried by said fan structure extending through the slot of the conduit and provided within said annular passage with lades oppositely pitched from the blades of the fan structure.

2. in' a ventilator, a conduit, means surrounding the conduit and combining therewith to form about the conduit an annular passage, the wall 'of the conduitl havin a slot extending therethrough and adording communication with said passage, a fan structure arranged within the conduit and embodying blades adapted upon rotation oi" the fan to cause movement of air through we do not the conduit in one direction, means for rotating said fan structurehl an annulus rotatably mounted within said annular passage and integrally blades of the tan structure by means extending through said slot, said annulus embodying portions forming blades causin a current of air during rotation of the gan connected with thev and within said annular passage in a direction opposite to the direction of movement of the air within the conduit.

3. In a ventilator, a conduit for the passage of air,'a lvalve closing the outlet end of the conduit, means for producing a forced draft within the conduit and toward said outlet end, draft operated means for opening said valve, automatic means for closing said valve, including a shaft u on which the valve is mounted, bearings sid- .ably receiving said shaft, and means engaging the shaft for moving said shaft in a direction to close the valve, operative upon cessation of draft within the conduit.

4. In a ventilator, a conduit for the passage of air, a valve closing the outlet end of the conduit, means for producing a forced draft Within the conduit and toward said outlet end, draft operated means for opening said valve, automatic means for closmg said valve, including a shaft to which the valve is secured, bearings'within the conduit for the shaft, a bell crank lever pivotally mounted within the conduit'and having a baille plate connected therewith upon one arm thereof and provided upon the other arm with a counter-weight, and a connection between said shaft and bell crank lever causing longitudinal movement of the shaft upon pivotal movement of the bell crank lever.

5. In a ventilator, a conduit for the passage of air, a valve closing the outlet end of the conduit, me'ans for producing a forced draft within the conduit and toward said voutlet end, draft operated means for opening said valve, automatic means for closing said valve, including a support within the conduit, bearings carried by the support, a shaft slidably mounted in the bearings and to which said valve is secured, bell crank levers mounted upon opposite sides of said support and having corresponding arms thereof provided with a pin and slot engagement with said shaft, and a baille plate carried by said arms and arranged in the path of movement ofair passing through the conduit, the other arms of said levers being provided with counter-weights.

6. In a ventilator, a conduit for the passage of air, a valve closing the outlet end of the conduit, means for producing a forced draft within the conduit and toward said outlet end, draft operated means for opening said valve, automatic means for closing said valve, including a support within the conduit, bearings carried by the support,-a shaft slidably mounted in the bearings and to which said valve is secured, bell crank levers mounted upon opposite sides of said supportl and having corresponding arms thereof provided with a pin and slot engagement with said shaft, a bafe plate carried by said arms and arranged in the path of movement of air passing through the conduit, the other arms of said levers being provided with counter-weights, the pin and slot engagement of said arms with said shaft being intermedia-te said bearings, and a spring surroundin said shaft intermediate said arms an the bearing of the shaft remote from said means for producinfr a forced draft in the conduit.

I. In a combined induction and eduction ventilator, telescopic tubes adapted for arrangement within a wall opening, a sectional conduit arranged concentrically with said telescopic tubes and combining .therewith to form an annular chamber surrounding the conduit, a flange formed on one of the sections of said conduit and engaging against the inner face of one of said tubes to maintain said conduit in spaced relation to said tubes, said flange being rovided with draft openings, an annular va ve plate abutting said flange and likewise provided with draft openings, means for rotatin said plate and means for maintaining sai plate in position against said flange.

8. In a combined induction and eduction ventilator, telescopic tubes adapted for arrangement within a `wall opening, a Sec. tional condult arranged concentrically with said telescopic tubes and combining'there- Ywith to form an annular chamber surrounding the conduit, a flange formed on one of the sections of said conduit and engaging against the inner face of'one of said tubes tomaintain said conduit in spaced relation to said tubes, said flange being provided with draft openings, an annular valve plate abutting said flange and likewise provided with draft openings, means for rotating said plate, and means for maintaining said plate in position against said flange, including a flared tube enga-geable with the interior of the tube against which said vflange abuts and having its inner endfabutting said plate.I

9. l'In a combined induction and eduction ventilator, telescopic tubes adapted for arrangement within a wall opening, a sectional conduit arranged concentrically with said telescopic tubes and combining therewith to form an annular chamber surround,-

ing the conduit, a flange formed on one,

of the sections of said conduit and engaging against the inner face of one of. said tubes to maintain said conduit in spaced relation -to said tubes, said flange being provided with draft openings,.an annular valve plate abutting said flange and likewise provided with draft openings, means for rotating said late, and means for maintaining said plate 1n position against said ange, including a flared tube engageable with the interior of the tube against which said flange abuts and having its inner end abutting said plate, the inner endiof the conduit having a flared end combining with said flared tube to direct draft passing through said opening at right-angles to the axis of the conduit and away from said conduit.

l0. In a ventilator, an eduction conduit, an induction conduit surrounding and concentric With the eduction conduit, a plurality of bell shaped elements mounted upon the eduction end ofthe eduction conduit and having their concave faces directed toward the induction end of the induction conduit the bell next adjacent the induction end of the induction conduit being provided at the edge thereof remote from the induction conduit and at its outer surface with a curved face directing air current away from the induction conduit and into the concave faces of said bells, means for causing a draft Within the ed-uction conduit toward the eduction end thereof, and openings formed in the wall of the eduction conduit intermediate said bells -wherethrough .exterior air may be drawn.

1l. In a ventilator, an eduction conduit, an induction conduit surrounding and concentric with the eduction conduit, a plurality of bell shaped elements mounted upon the eduction end of the eduction conduit and having their concave faces directed toward the induction end of the induction conduit, the bell, next adjacent the induction end of the induction conduit being provided at the edge thereof remote from theinduction conduit. and at its outer surface with a curved face directing air current away from the induction conduit Iand into the concave faces of said bells, means for causing a draft Within the eduction conduit tow-ard the eduction end thereof, and openings formed in the Wall of the eduction conduit intermediate said bells wherethrough exterior air may be drawn, said eduction conduit being provided at the eduction end thereof with means directing said draft,y along the walls thereof, said openings being provided at the edges thereof next adjacent the draft forming means With protecting cowls 12,. In a combined induction and eduction ventilator, telescopic tubes adapted for engagement in a wall opening, a conduit concentrically .arranged with said tubes and having a Hange maintaining the saine in the motor shaft and embodying blades forming a current of air in one direction through the eductiou conduit, a slot formed in the wall of the conduit and aligned with said blades, said blades having extensions di rected through said slot, an annulus disposed within the induction chamber and integrally connected with said extensions, said annulus having a wall extending across the induction chamber, the wall having openings formed therein, the metal removed in forming said openings being attached to the annulus at the edges of the openings and formed to provide .blades forming a draft within the induction chamber in a direction opposite to the direction formed by the rst named blades in the eduction chamber. f

13. n a ventilator, a conduit, means surrounding the conduit and combining therewith to form about the conduit an annular passage, and a fan associated with the conduit and passage including blades operated upon a rotation of the Afan structure to produce la draft in one direction through the conduit and in the opposite direction throu h the annular passage.

1li. n a ventilator, a conduit, means surrounding the conduit and combining therewith to form about the conduit an annular passage, and a fan associated with the conduit 'and passage including blades operated upon a rotation of the fan structure to produce a draft in one direction through the conduit and in the opposite direction through the annular passage, and valves controlling said conduit and passage.

15. In a ventilator, concentric eduction and induction assages, and a fan common to both of sai passages and producing by its operation a forced draft in each thereof.

In testimony whereof we hereunto a Y our Signat FERDXNAND ZIGANEK. CLES W. SCHWAB;

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