US1381016A - Firearm - Google Patents

Description

E. G. REISING.

FIREARM. APPLICATION FILED .IAN. Il 191B.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EUGENE G. EEIsING, or EAs'TAHAETroED, CONNECTICUT, AssIGNoR To THE HART- rom) MACHINE GUN COMPANY, or HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION F CONNECTICUT. 1

Specification of Letters Patent.

'EIREAEM Patented June '7, 1921.

Appuatiu sled January 11, 191s. serial No. 211,347.

To -all whom it may concern Be it known that I, EUGENE G. REISING,

' a citizen'offthe United States, residing at following is a specification.

My inventioln relates more especially that class of irear-ms that are of automatlc action, that is, firearms in which the breechbolt action is caused by gases of exploslon, and an y object of my invention, among others, is to provide a firearm that shall be particularly eiicient in its operation and littleliable 'toi become inoperative in action.

One form of such a device embodying my invention and in the construction and use of which the objects herein Vset out, as well as others, may be attained, is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a view partially in side elevation and partially in section of a `firearm embodying my invention, the breech-bolt being shown in its rearward position.

Fig. 2'is a detail view, scale enlarged, of

a portion of my improved firearm with parts l nbroken away to show the construction .and

operation of the breech-bolt lock and scar, the breech-bolt being shown in itsfofrward position. l

Fig. 3 is a detail view,'scale enlarged,1n cross section, through the device on plane denoted by dotted line 3%-3 of Fig. 2.

In the accompanying drawings the numeral 5 indicates the receiver of my ilmproved firearm, comprising a portion of the frame, the latter embodying a handle 6 with a trigger guard 7. A barrel 8 is secured to the receiver in any desired manner andya case 9 is secured underneath the barrel and incloses operative parts of the' firearm, which parts may include an actuating block 10 having a piston 11 operated by pressure through a port 12 opening laterally from the bore of the barrel toward its muzzle end and communicating. with a piston chamber 13 located in a gas-head 14 secured to the barrel, the pressure of the exploding gases upon the piston being controlled by a valve 15 secured to the block 10 and controlling the exhaust through the port 12. My inventlon herein 'illustrated and described, while not limited in its use to any specific type of firearms, is especially applicable to the firearm illustrated and described in myA copending application Serial Number 104,878, filedl June 21st, 1916, to which appl1cat1on reference is hereby made for such further understanding as may be desired of the construction and operation of those parts not embodying the invention forming the subject matter of this application.

An action rod 16 is pivotally attached at one end tol the block 10 andv at its opposite end to an actlon bar 17, said bar being pivotally secured to a breech-bolt retaining lever or primary locking member 18 pivotally mounted in the lower end of a breechbolt chamber 19 inthe receiver. The 'outer end of said lever is forked, the branches 20 of said fork being adapted to enter recesses 21 formed in opposite sides of a breech-bolt 22, near the rear end of said bolt. The ends 24 of the lever are formed and adapted to rest against breech-bolt retaining shoulders 25 formed at the lower Vfront edge of the recesses 21, these shoulders being dlagonally arranged lto correspond to the diagonal position of the ends 24 of the retainlng lever 18 when the latter is in, its forward position, and as shown in Fig. 2 ofthe drawings.

The breech-bolt 22 is suitably mounted for reciprocating movement in the chamber 19, said bolt, in its forward position, encountering cartridges 2-6 located in a carrier belt 27 supported on'feed wheels 28-29 ro| said action bar and action rod. In order -that the pressure upon the breech-bolt shall not. be transmitted unduly, by reason ofthe diagonally arranged shoulders engaging the p ldiagonally positioned end of the lever, to thewalls of the receiver at the upper part thereof, I have providedfmeans for supporting the breech-bolt at the time this pressure takes place.

In effecting this result provide Ia resist-L ance block 3l that is inserted ina .recess 32 in the top wall ofthe chamber 19 in the rethe 'bottom surface ofl said block to receive a resistance bar or secondarylocking membery 35 that is carried by the breech-'bolt 22.

In the preferred form of construction this bar has actuating pins 36 projecting through holesA in the breech-bolt and opening out at the shoulders 25.y The bar is located in a slot 37 cut across the top of the breechf bolt, and the pins'36 are of lengths sufficient to project beyond the surfaces of the shoulders 25 when the bar isseated in the bottom of its slot. I The ends of the pins are preferably rounded, and when-the lever 18 is in its forward position it will act upon said pins and force the bar 35 into Vthe retaining notch 34. A retaining bar releasing plunger 38 is located inta well 39 in the top of the receiver, this well being closed in any suitable manner, as b .means of a plug 4 0, and a spring 41 is emp oyedto force the plunger against the bar 35' to disengageJ said bar from the notch 34 when the lever 18 is moved from contact with the pins 36 whenever the actionis operated by hand, but in actin automatically the' pressure of the breec -bolt against the bar forces the latter against the inclined surface of the retaining notch 34, this pressure being sufficient to disengage the bar from said notch.

A firing pin 42 is carried in the breechbolt andit has a shoulder: 43 adapted to be engaged by a sear 44 pivotally mounted in the upper side of the breech-bolt and spring pressed into position to engage said'shoulder, as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. This sear has a finger 45 engaged within a recess 46 in the side of the resistance bar 35.

A trigger 47 pivotally mounted in the frame and extending within the trigger guard 7, has an action bar holding lip 48 adapted to engage a holding notch 49 in the action bar 17.

Inthe operation of the gun, the trigger taking effect whenever the gun is not'inaction.

The trigger being pulled the breech-bolt posiwill be released and will be forced forward by the action ofthe main spring 51,. in which movement it will insert a cartridge l into the breech of the barrel as hereinbefore described. In this ,forward movement the shoulder 43 on theV firing pin willy be engaged by the point 52 lof the scar and momentarily arresteol.A

In this forward movement of the `breechbolt the lever 18 is also swung to its forward position andas `theends 24 of the llever move against the retaining shoulder 25 they engage the actuating pins 36 and force the resistance bar 35 into the retaining notch 34. This bar is 'now in position to reslst kthrust u on the breech-bolt caused by the forces o the gases of explosion, this resistance being in a line substantially lengthwise' ofthe frame, application ofv lateral force from such causes being substantially removed.

The recess 46, within which the finger 45 is located, is of a sufiicientwidth to permit initial movement of the resistance bar 35 without movement of the scar. At the termination of the `movement ofthe resistance bar, however, the bottom ofv the recess will encounter the finger 45 and the sear will be moved upwardly and' disengaged fro'mthe iringpin, andthe latter will be forced forward by its spring and thereby cause a cartridge to be exploded, upon which the breech-bolt will be'thrown to -its rearward position in -a manner hereinbefl-ore described.

From this it will be seen that'if pressure upon the trigger be retained the gun will continue to be fired so long as such pressure t exists. Upon the pressure on. the trigger be inglreleased, the action bar will be caught in lts next 4rearward movement and the firing of the gun will thus cease with the parts in their rearward and open position as hereinbefore described.

. In accordance with the provisions of the patentl statutes, I have described the prin'- ciples of operation of/my invention, together .with the device which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but I desire to have it understood that the device shown is only illustrative and that the invention may be carried out by other means.

I claimv 1. A firearm including a receiver and firing mechanism located therein and including a movably mounted 'breech-bolt operative by the gases of explosion, means for locking the breech-bolt in its closed position, separate locking means movably mounted to support the breech-bolt and reduce results of 'the force applied to 'said locking means by irin action, said supporting means being .l posit1oned by the breech-bolt locln'ng means to transmit said force from the breech-bolt to the receiver, and means for initially actuating one of said locks without actuating the breech-bolt.

- 2. Airearm including a receiver, a breech- `carried by the breech-bolt, a pin projecting from said bar through the breech-bolt, and

a breech-bolt retaining lever mounted to engage said pin and move the bar into said notch.

4. A rearm including a receiver having a recess extending across the up er wall thereof, a resistance block locate within said recess and having a retaining notch therein, a breech-bolt movably mounted in the receiver,.means. for -,moving the breechbolt, and a resistance memberl carried by the breech-boltto engage said notch and resist backward movement of the breech-bolt.

` 5. A firearm including a receiverhaving' a breech-bolt chamber therein closed onI one side and open on its opposite side and having a recess cutfacross its top wall, a resistance block movable into said recess from the side of the chamber and havin a retaining notch, a cover to close said c amber and hold said block in place, a breech-bolt movably mounted in sald chamber, and a resistance member carried by the breech-bolt to enter said notch to resist force applieds to the breech-bolt.

6. A firearm including a receiver having a retaining notch in the wall thereof, a breech-bolt movably mounted in the receiver, a breech-bolt actuating lever to engage said breech-bolt and hold it against backward movement, and a resistance member mounted in the breech-bolt and having a pin to be engaged by said lever when the breechbolt is in its forward position'and to force said resistance member into the retaining notch.

7 A firearm including a receiver having a retaining notch therein, a breech-bolt movably m'o'unted in the receiver and having a diagonally arranged Shoulder, a breech-bolt retaining lever pivotally mounted to engage said shoulder and hold the breech-bolt in its forward position, and a resistance member carried by the breech-bolt and having a pin projecting out at the surface of said diagonally arranged shoulder to be engaged by said lever.

8. Arearm including a receiver, a breechbolt movably mounted therein,l airing pin carried by the breech-bolt, a movably mounted sear adapted to engage the firing pin, means for operating the sear, means including an action bar for actuating the breech-bolt, and a trigger to engage said action bar and hold the breech-bolt in its rearward position.

9. Afirearm includinga receiver,a breechbolt movably mounted 1n the receiver, a iiring pin carried by the breech-bolt, a sear movably mounted von the breech-bolt tovengage said tiring pin, a resistance member movably carried on the breech-bolt and having a recess to receive a projection from the sear, means for operating the resistance member,l and means for controlling the movement of the breech-bolt.v

10. A firearm including a receiver, a breech-bolt movably mounted in the receiver, a firing pin carried by the breechbolt, a sear movably mounted on the breechbolt, a resistance member movably mounted on the breech-bolt and having a recess to receive a projection from the sear, means for operating the resistance member, and a trigger mounted to control operation ofthe meansjfor/operating the resistance member. #jfl-1513A firearm including -a receiver, a bre/ch-bolt movably mounted therein, a ring pin carried by the-breech-bolt, a scar mounted on the lbreech-bolt to engage said firing pin, a resistance member ,movably mounted on Tthe breech-bolt and having a recess to receive=a projection from said sear, means for operating the breech-bolt and including a lever to engage said resistance member, and a trigger to engage said breechbolt operating means to control the movement thereof.

12. A'iring mechanism for a irearn, said mechanism including a movably vmounted breech-bolt operated by the ases of explosion, a lock movably m'ounteupbn and carried by the breech-bolt to hold it in its closed positiona member pivotally mounted and pperatively connected with said lock to' retaln it in its closed position, and an.- action bolt including a member pivotally Imounted 10 and operatively connected with the first mentioned lock to retain it in .its closed position, and .an action-bar connected to operate said pivotally mounted member, said action bar being operated by the gases of 15 explosion.

EUGENE G. REIsING.

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