EP1356539B1 - Mobile radio telephone antenna for setting a different downtilt angle - Google Patents
Mobile radio telephone antenna for setting a different downtilt angle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1356539B1 EP1356539B1 EP02716706A EP02716706A EP1356539B1 EP 1356539 B1 EP1356539 B1 EP 1356539B1 EP 02716706 A EP02716706 A EP 02716706A EP 02716706 A EP02716706 A EP 02716706A EP 1356539 B1 EP1356539 B1 EP 1356539B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mobile radio
- radio antenna
- protective housing
- antenna according
- control
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/02—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
- H01Q3/08—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying two co-ordinates of the orientation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/267—Phased-array testing or checking devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/02—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
- H01Q3/04—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying one co-ordinate of the orientation
- H01Q3/06—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying one co-ordinate of the orientation over a restricted angle
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/32—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by mechanical means
Definitions
- the invention relates to a mobile radio antenna for setting a different Absenkwinkels.
- the mobile radio network is designed in the form of a cell, wherein each cell is assigned a corresponding base station with at least one mobile radio antenna for transmission and reception.
- the antennas are constructed so that they usually radiate downward at a certain angle relative to the horizontal, whereby a certain cell size is determined.
- the so-called UMTS network In addition to the main transmission frequencies of the 900 MHz band and the 1800 MHz band (in the US, for example, the 1900 MHz band) acquired for the next generation of the mobile network, the so-called UMTS network, the 2000 MHz band significance.
- the antennas must be set with different angles of inclination become.
- the emission angle which is also referred to in the following as drop-down or tilt angle or downtilt angle, with which a mobile radio antenna of a base station radiates downward relative to the horizontal
- phase shifters for example.
- the phase shifters can be adjusted accordingly, which usually requires that the setting must be made manually on the mobile radio antenna.
- existing protective devices must be dismantled or re-assembled. This is naturally associated with a considerable installation effort.
- WO 96/14670 has also been proposed to be able to adjust the downtilt angle by means of an electrical control device differently, the controller of such a control device, for example, in the base of such an antenna device can be mounted or used as a mobile control device, the If necessary, it can be connected via a plug-in connection to control lines led out of the antenna, in order to actuate the adjusting device, which is installed underneath the protective housing, for adjusting the downtilt angle.
- Antennas with differently adjustable Absenkwinkeln are basically also known from US 5,512,914. It is an antenna with adjustable inclination of the radiation lobe. Outside the antenna, one ends up inside the antenna extending drive shaft. At the end of the drive shaft located outside the protective sheath, for example, a hexagon key can be inserted in order to rotate the axis. As a result, a radiator arrangement is moved longitudinally inside, whereby ultimately the Absenkwinkel is adjusted.
- US Pat. No. 6,078,824 discloses an electromagnetic circuit device for carrying out a lowering of a radiation angle.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide an improved mobile radio antenna with the possibility of different setting of a Absenkwinkels.
- the mobile radio antenna according to the invention is characterized in that it is connected to an antenna;
- a mobile radio base station outside the protective housing (radome) for the radiator elements can be mounted retrofitted. Preference is therefore not provided that already extensive mechanical and / or electronic Facilities must be provided in the manufacture or delivery of a corresponding mobile radio antenna to ensure retrofitting.
- the manual adjustment from the outside is fundamentally state of the art.
- the control device according to the invention is preferably characterized by the fact that it interacts with cultivation outside the protective housing of the antenna exactly with that control element, via which otherwise the adjustment can be made manually.
- the antenna described in more detail with reference to embodiments uses a basically known transmission element, which can be manually operated outside the antenna protective cover, and which extends through a corresponding opening into the interior below the protective housing of the antenna to there, for example via a transmission linkage the one or to actuate the plurality of phase shifters for adjusting the downtilt angle.
- This guided from the outside to the inside through the protective housing, so a part of the rear or side plate or the support and / or protective cover of the antenna actuator preferably consists of a spindle which is rotatably guided in a corresponding threaded sleeve. By turning thus the threaded spindle can be adjusted in the axial direction between two end or extreme positions.
- the antenna control device is preferably completely or substantially as a complete unit or complete module. It can therefore be easily handled and mounted, and not only - as described above - in interaction with an outside of the cover housing the antenna device provided actuator. Rather, the invention also provides that the complete unit or the complete module can also be mounted below the protective cover as a simple and easily manageable complete module if necessary and can be retrofitted if necessary. Also in this case, the retrofittable antenna control device is coupled to a corresponding actuator below the protective cover to adjust the phase angle of the antennas differently. As a significant advantage, it turns out that the antenna control device according to the invention can be mounted as a complete solution simply outside or inside the protective cover of the antenna. An assembly of a plurality of individual components possibly even at different locations below the protective cover of the antenna, as in the prior art, so falls away.
- a corresponding electronic or electrical control device is retrofitted, it is preferably mounted only outside the protective housing of the antenna. This then acts directly with the actuating transmission member, ie in particular that for the manual Setting provided spindle gear together, about which a rotation of the spindle gear can be made via the belonging to the control device motor drive.
- the control device comprises an interface leading to the outside. It is possible to carry out individual, but preferably all setting and monitoring functions at the command level via this interface. To control a special controller or a computer with appropriate control software or even, for. the base station will be used.
- control electronics assigns two absolute position values to the two end stops.
- the absolute positioning can then be carried out at least in one of these two positions.
- the actuator should preferably be moved in the form of the spindle only in the respective direction until reaching the end stop. Reaching the end stop can also be detected and evaluated electrically / electronically by the control electronics.
- the transmission or actuator is preferably initially moved in the form of the spindle to at least one of the two end stops and then moved back to the other end stop, the maximum displacement path can be detected by way detection, preferably in the form of the counted rotational pulses, via the two end stops a maximum Lowering angle assigned and above each interim angle, if necessary, also be interpolated by means stored in a table support values. As a result, any positions between the extreme positions can be absolutely controlled.
- the respective current setting value can be stored in a non-volatile memory, in order then to carry out the relative adjustment when the adjustment is made again from this value.
- the mechanical and electrical / electronic parts of the control device are coupled in fixed relationship with each other. This requires no special addressing of the control unit. Preferably, however, the control unit can also operate in a mode "with addressing”. This opens up the possibility of controlling a plurality of electronic control units from a central point via only one command interface, ie to set several angles correspondingly to different antennas.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic extractively perspective view of a mobile radio antenna for a base station. Usually arranged in a corresponding vertical orientation or slightly inclined downward in the circumferential direction lying several antenna cells radiating into different cells on a not shown in the drawings antenna mast.
- Such a mobile radio antenna may have a plurality of radiators which can radiate in different frequency bands, wherein a different angle of inclination, a so-called downtilt angle, can be adjusted by changing the phase distances between the individual vertically stacked radiators 1, with which the mobile radio antenna 3 opposite the horizontal radiates downwards. As is known, this takes place via corresponding settings of phase shifter elements, reference being made in this respect to the previously known solutions.
- FIG. 8 shows a base station 71 with an antenna mast 73, to which a corresponding mobile radio antenna 3 is attached, which is controlled by the base station or the command device via lines 75, and via which the emission direction is electronically more or less strong in an angular range ⁇ can be lowered.
- a corresponding mobile radio antenna 3 includes, for example, a mounting or mounting plate 5, which may also include a reflector with or at least carry a reflector, wherein the mounting or mounting plate preferably lie in their down coming side is provided with a transversely projecting terminal plate 7, to which the corresponding terminals 9 are provided for connecting coaxial cables for the operation of the plurality of individual radiators.
- a generally made of FRP plastic protective cover 11 is further attached, below which the individual radiator elements are arranged sitting in front of a reflector.
- control device 13 which can be retrofitted outside the protective cover 11 is also already shown, with which the radiation angle of the antennas can be controlled or set automatically.
- FIG. 2 Before going into detail on the control device 13 shown in FIG. 1 in the installed state, reference is first made to the schematic plan view according to FIG. 2, in which a first radiator 17 is seated in front of a reflector 15 at the lower end of the reflector 15, with the protective cover 11 removed to the connection plate 7 can be seen, wherein an actuating opening 19 is provided laterally to the terminals 9 in the connection plate 7, namely formed by a connecting plate 7 passing through and tightly connected thereto connecting piece 23.
- This connection piece 23 is penetrated by a threaded sleeve 21 , So in other words, the corresponding opening 19 in the connection plate 7 passes through.
- a threaded sleeve 21 rotatably mounted about its axial axis, but held axially immovable.
- an adjusting element 25 is provided, which is formed in the embodiment shown in the form of a spindle gear 25 '.
- the threaded sleeve 21 is penetrated by an actuating device 29, which is also referred to below as an actuating element, which in the embodiment shown consists of a spindle 29 '.
- the external thread 29 "of the spindle 29 ' cooperates with the internal thread of the threaded sleeve 21, ie the internal thread of the spindle gear 25' together, so that by rotating the spindle gear 25 'depending on the direction of rotation, the non-rotatable spindle 29' further into the interior of the protective cover 11 axially in or out is adjusted.
- the inner end of the formed in the form of a spindle 29 'actuating element 29 is connected to a corresponding transmission means 31 in the form of a transmission linkage, wherein at the other not shown end of the transmission linkage then one or the a plurality of phase shifters for changing the inclination angle of the antennas can be set.
- a corresponding transmission means 31 in the form of a transmission linkage, wherein at the other not shown end of the transmission linkage then one or the a plurality of phase shifters for changing the inclination angle of the antennas can be set.
- the adjusting element 25 in the form of the spindle toothed wheel 25 ' is on the outwardly facing side to the longitudinal axial axis offset radially outwards with a first actuating end stop 35 and below the protective cover 11, that is internally provided on the connection plate 7 with an oppositely oriented also to the central axis of the spindle radially offset second actuating end stop 35 '.
- end stops are each aligned in circumferential and thus rotational direction, wherein the outer adjustment end stop 35 with the outer on the spindle 29 'formed actuating end stop 37 and the inner adjustment end stop 35' with the inner actuating end stop 37 'cooperates , which are also aligned in the radial direction.
- the spindle is in the one end stop position, namely in the most extended position, in which the two stops 35 ', 37' abut each other.
- the downtilt angle of such an antenna can thus be easily changed manually and reset by the setting element 25, in other words, the spindle gear 25 'is rotated accordingly in the circumferential direction, thereby adjusting the spindle in the axial direction.
- the phase shifters and thus the downtilt angle can be adjusted accordingly be set.
- Such an antenna is also easily retrofitted with a described control device for motorized lowering of the mobile radio antenna 3, for example by means of remote control.
- control device 13 which may be equipped with the corresponding electrical or electronic components and, above all, includes the necessary drive elements for mechanical adjustment.
- the control device 13 comprises (FIG. 6) a control housing 43 with a connecting piece 45, whose connection cap ring 47, which is held over the housing 43 or the connecting piece 45 and provided with an internal thread, is firmly screwed onto a raised ring portion 23 'of the connecting piece 23 of the connecting plate 7 ,
- the mentioned spindle gear 25 'then comes to lie in the interior of the control housing 43, namely immediately adjacent to a corresponding drive gear 49, which is driven by an electric motor 51.
- control electronics 41 are provided with various control boards 53 which comprise the electrical / electronic components for control, whose operation will be discussed below.
- the control device 13 are operated accordingly.
- the spindle gear 25 ' which meshes with the drive gear 49 driven by the electric motor, is rotated by the electric motor 51 until the spindle 29', for example, in its innermost, i. is moved into the protective housing 11 furthest retracted position, so until it moves with the spindle gear 25 'co-moving, outer adjustment end stop 35 in the circumferential direction for rotation on the outer mounted on the spindle actuating end stop 37 abuts.
- the drive motor 51 is actuated in the reverse direction until the inner with the threaded sleeve 21 and the spindle gear 25 'co-rotating adjustment end stop 35' on the inner mounted on the spindle and thus axially co-moving actuating end stop 37 'abuts.
- These two end positions are assigned by the electronics two angle settings. A back and forth movement between the end stops can not lead to a blockage, since no wedging and clamping forces between the end stops occur, which strike each other virtually at 90 ° angle to each other.
- the control can be carried out in the sense of an absolute control by first moved back in the direction of an end stop and then in the opposite direction, a corresponding adjustment to the desired absolute position of the spindle 29 'is made.
- a relative adjustment can also be made in such a way that the relative value last set in each case, which corresponds to a specific lowering angle of the antenna, is preferably stored in a non-volatile intermediate memory.
- the electronics then calculate, with respect to a next value, which distance has to be taken based on the current setting.
- the control device 13 thus comprises in particular with the electric motor 51 electromechanical control elements and also an electronic control unit 41 for evaluation, calculation, etc.
- This so-called “intelligent" control electronics 41 preferably has an interface over which all setting / monitoring functions can be performed on a command level , For adjustment can be a special controller or a calculator be used with appropriate control software.
- the communication can be wired or wireless between one.
- Command device for example, a computer
- the control device 13 or done by the base station itself.
- the address modes can be changed at any time during operation. Possibly. can also be provided that addresses can even be configured later.
- the command interface to the control electronics 41 is accessible from NASA.her, for example via plug or cable or it is wirelessly accessible.
- the invention has been described for an antenna control device which can be retrofitted as a complete device or as a complete module outside the protective cover of the antenna.
- the same device with basically the same construction can also be used as a complete device or as a complete unit or module within the antenna device, i. be mounted below the protective device of the antennas and are coupled in the same or comparable manner with a transmission device to adjust the phase angle of the antenna elements differently. Due to the modular design or complete construction, easy and problem-free retrofitting is possible in both cases.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Mobilfunkantenne zum Einstellen eines unterschiedlichen Absenkwinkels.The invention relates to a mobile radio antenna for setting a different Absenkwinkels.
Bekanntermaßen ist das Mobilfunknetz zellenförmig gestaltet, wobei jeder Zelle eine entsprechende Basisstation mit zumindest einer Mobilfunkantenne zum Senden und Empfangen zugeordnet ist. Die Antennen sind dabei so aufgebaut, dass sie in der Regel in einem bestimmten Winkel gegenüber der Horizontalen nach unten abgelenkt strahlen, wodurch eine bestimmte Zellengröße festgelegt wird.As is known, the mobile radio network is designed in the form of a cell, wherein each cell is assigned a corresponding base station with at least one mobile radio antenna for transmission and reception. The antennas are constructed so that they usually radiate downward at a certain angle relative to the horizontal, whereby a certain cell size is determined.
Neben den hauptsächlichen Übertragungsfrequenzen des 900 MHz-Bandes und des 1800 MHz-Bandes (in den USA beispielsweise des 1900 MHz-Bandes) erlangt für die nächste Generation des Mobilfunknetzes, das sogenannte UMTS-Netz, das 2000 MHz-Band Bedeutung. In Abhängigkeit der Größe der einzelnen von einer Basisstation abgedeckten Zelle wie aber auch beispielsweise in Abhängigkeit des betreffenden Netzes (beispielsweise des kommenden UMTS-Netzes) müssen die Antennen mit unterschiedlichen Neigungswinkeln eingestellt werden.In addition to the main transmission frequencies of the 900 MHz band and the 1800 MHz band (in the US, for example, the 1900 MHz band) acquired for the next generation of the mobile network, the so-called UMTS network, the 2000 MHz band significance. Depending on the size of the individual covered by a base station cell as well as, for example, depending on the network in question (for example, the upcoming UMTS network), the antennas must be set with different angles of inclination become.
Es ist schließlich auch bekannt, dass der nachfolgend teilweise auch als Absenk- oder Neigungswinkel oder als Downtilt-Winkel bezeichnete Abstrahlwinkel, mit dem eine Mobilfunkantenne einer Basisstation gegenüber der Horizontalen nach unten abstrahlt, beispielsweise durch Phasenschieber einstellbar ist. Durch Veränderung der Phasendifferenz mehrerer übereinander angeordneter Einzelstrahler wird der Neigungswinkel des Strahlungsdiagramms verändert. Die Phasenschieber können dazu entsprechend eingestellt werden, was üblicherweise erfordert, dass unmittelbar an der Mobilfunkantenne die Einstellung manuell erfolgen muss. Zudem müssen auch vorhandene Schutzeinrichtungen demontiert bzw. neu montiert werden. Dies ist naturbedingt mit einem beachtlichen Montageaufwand verbunden.Finally, it is also known that the emission angle, which is also referred to in the following as drop-down or tilt angle or downtilt angle, with which a mobile radio antenna of a base station radiates downward relative to the horizontal, can be set by phase shifters, for example. By changing the phase difference of a plurality of superimposed individual radiators, the inclination angle of the radiation pattern is changed. The phase shifters can be adjusted accordingly, which usually requires that the setting must be made manually on the mobile radio antenna. In addition, existing protective devices must be dismantled or re-assembled. This is naturally associated with a considerable installation effort.
Von daher ist gemäß der WO 96/14670 auch schon vorgeschlagen worden, den Downtilt-Winkel mittels einer elektrischen Steuerungseinrichtung unterschiedlich einstellen zu können, wobei der Controller einer derartigen Steuerungseinrichtung beispielsweise in der Basis einer derartigen Antenneneinrichtung montiert oder als mobile Steuereinrichtung verwendet werden kann, der über eine Steckverbindung bei Bedarf an aus der Antenne herausgeführten Steuerleitungen angeschlossen werden kann, um die unterhalb des Schutzgehäuses eingebaute Justiereinrichtung zur Verstellung des Downtilt-Winkels zu betätigen.Therefore, according to WO 96/14670 has also been proposed to be able to adjust the downtilt angle by means of an electrical control device differently, the controller of such a control device, for example, in the base of such an antenna device can be mounted or used as a mobile control device, the If necessary, it can be connected via a plug-in connection to control lines led out of the antenna, in order to actuate the adjusting device, which is installed underneath the protective housing, for adjusting the downtilt angle.
Antennen mit unterschiedlich einstellbaren Absenkwinkeln sind grundsätzlich auch aus der US 5 512 914 bekannt geworden. Es handelt sich dabei um eine Antenne mit einstellbarer Neigung der Strahlungskeule. Außerhalb der Antenne endet dabei eine sich im Inneren der Antenne längs erstreckende Antriebswelle. An dem außerhalb der Schutzumhüllung liegenden Ende der Antriebswelle kann beispielsweise ein Sechskantschlüssel eingesteckt werden, um die Achse zu verdrehen. Dadurch wird im Inneren eine Strahleranordnung längs verschoben, wodurch letztlich der Absenkwinkel verstellt wird.Antennas with differently adjustable Absenkwinkeln are basically also known from US 5,512,914. It is an antenna with adjustable inclination of the radiation lobe. Outside the antenna, one ends up inside the antenna extending drive shaft. At the end of the drive shaft located outside the protective sheath, for example, a hexagon key can be inserted in order to rotate the axis. As a result, a radiator arrangement is moved longitudinally inside, whereby ultimately the Absenkwinkel is adjusted.
Ferner ist auch aus der US 6 078 824 eine elektromagnetische Schaltungseinrichtung zur Durchführung einer Absenkung eines Abstrahlwinkels zu entnehmen.Furthermore, US Pat. No. 6,078,824 discloses an electromagnetic circuit device for carrying out a lowering of a radiation angle.
Schließlich ist aus "Patent Abstracts of Japan Bd. 1998, Nr. 09, 31. Juli 1998 (1998-07-31) -& JP 10 098899 A (Hitachi Ltd), 14. April 1998 (1998-04-14)" ein in einem Gehäuse untergebrachter Schrittmotor mit zugehörigem Pulsgenerator und Schrittmotor-Treiberkreis als bekannt zu entnehmen.Finally, from "Patent Abstracts of Japan Vol. 1998, No. 09, 31 July 1998 (1998-07-31) - & JP 10 098899 A (Hitachi Ltd), 14 April 1998 (1998-04-14)" to take a housed in a housing stepper motor with associated pulse generator and stepping motor drive circuit as known.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es von daher, eine verbesserte Mobilfunkantenne mit der Möglichkeit der unterschiedlichen Einstellung eines Absenkwinkels zu schaffen.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an improved mobile radio antenna with the possibility of different setting of a Absenkwinkels.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß entsprechend den im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.The object is achieved according to the features specified in
Die erfindungsgemäße Mobilfunkantenne zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass sie an einer Antenne; insbesondere an einer Mobilfunkbasisstation außerhalb des Schutzgehäuses (Radom) für die Strahlerelemente nachrüstbar montiert werden kann. Bevorzugt ist also nicht vorgesehen, dass bereits umfangreiche mechanische und/oder elektronische Einrichtungen bei der Herstellung oder Auslieferung einer entsprechenden Mobilfunkantenne vorgesehen sein müssen, um die Nachrüstbarkeit zu gewährleisten.The mobile radio antenna according to the invention is characterized in that it is connected to an antenna; In particular, at a mobile radio base station outside the protective housing (radome) for the radiator elements can be mounted retrofitted. Preference is therefore not provided that already extensive mechanical and / or electronic Facilities must be provided in the manufacture or delivery of a corresponding mobile radio antenna to ensure retrofitting.
Die manuelle Einstellung von außen ist grundsätzlich Stand der Technik. Die erfindungsgemäße Steuerungsvorrichtung zeichnet sich dem gegenüber bevorzugt dadurch aus, dass diese bei Anbau außerhalb des Schutzgehäuses der Antenne genau mit jenem Steuerungselement zusammenwirkt, über welches ansonsten die Verstellung manuell vorgenommen werden kann.The manual adjustment from the outside is fundamentally state of the art. The control device according to the invention is preferably characterized by the fact that it interacts with cultivation outside the protective housing of the antenna exactly with that control element, via which otherwise the adjustment can be made manually.
Die anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen noch im einzelnen beschriebene Antenne verwendet dabei ein grundsätzlich bekanntes Übertragungselement, welches außerhalb der Antennenschutzabdeckung manuell betätigt werden kann, und welches durch eine entsprechende Öffnung bis in das Innere unterhalb des Schutzgehäuses der Antenne reicht, um dort beispielsweise über ein Übertragungsgestänge den einen oder die mehreren Phasenschieber zur Verstellung des Downtilt-Winkels zu betätigen. Dieses von außen nach innen durch das Schutzgehäuse, also einem Teil der Rück- oder Seitenplatte oder der Trag- und/oder Schutzabdeckung der Antenne hindurchgeführte Betätigungsglied besteht vorzugsweise aus einer Spindel, die in einer entsprechenden Gewindehülse verdrehbar geführt ist. Durch Verdrehen kann somit die Gewindespindel in Axialrichtung zwischen zwei End- oder Extremstellungen verstellt werden.The antenna described in more detail with reference to embodiments uses a basically known transmission element, which can be manually operated outside the antenna protective cover, and which extends through a corresponding opening into the interior below the protective housing of the antenna to there, for example via a transmission linkage the one or to actuate the plurality of phase shifters for adjusting the downtilt angle. This guided from the outside to the inside through the protective housing, so a part of the rear or side plate or the support and / or protective cover of the antenna actuator preferably consists of a spindle which is rotatably guided in a corresponding threaded sleeve. By turning thus the threaded spindle can be adjusted in the axial direction between two end or extreme positions.
Die Antennen-Steuerungsvorrichtung ist bevorzugt ganz oder, im wesentlichen als Kompletteinheit bzw. Komplettmodul ausgebildet. Sie kann von daher problemlos gehandhabt und montiert werden, und zwar nicht nur - wie vorstehend beschrieben - im Zusammenspiel mit einer außerhalb des Abdeckungsgehäuses der Antenneneinrichtung vorgesehenen Betätigungseinrichtung. Vielmehr ist erfindungsgemäß ebenso vorgesehen, dass die Kompletteinheit bzw. das Komplettmodul bei Bedarf auch unterhalb der Schutzabdeckung als einfach und problemlos handhabbares Komplettmodul montiert und bei Bedarf nachgerüstet werden kann. Auch in diesem Fall wird die nachrüstbare Antennen-Steuerungsvorrichtung mit einer entsprechenden Betätigungseinrichtung unterhalb der Schutzabdeckung gekoppelt, um darüber die Phasenlage der Antennen unterschiedlich einzustellen. Als wesentlicher Vorteil zeigt sich also, dass die erfindungsgemäße Antennen-Steuerungsvorrichtung als Komplettlösung einfach außerhalb oder innerhalb der Schutzabdeckung der Antenne montiert werden kann. Eine Montage einer Vielzahl von Einzelkomponenten ggf. sogar an unterschiedlichen Stellen unterhalb der Schutzabdeckung der Antenne, wie beim Stand der Technik, fällt also weg.The antenna control device is preferably completely or substantially as a complete unit or complete module. It can therefore be easily handled and mounted, and not only - as described above - in interaction with an outside of the cover housing the antenna device provided actuator. Rather, the invention also provides that the complete unit or the complete module can also be mounted below the protective cover as a simple and easily manageable complete module if necessary and can be retrofitted if necessary. Also in this case, the retrofittable antenna control device is coupled to a corresponding actuator below the protective cover to adjust the phase angle of the antennas differently. As a significant advantage, it turns out that the antenna control device according to the invention can be mounted as a complete solution simply outside or inside the protective cover of the antenna. An assembly of a plurality of individual components possibly even at different locations below the protective cover of the antenna, as in the prior art, so falls away.
Als günstig erweist sich nunmehr, dass die Verstellung des Downtilt-Winkels letztlich sowohl manuell als auch mittels einer geeigneten Steuerungsvorrichtung erfolgen kann. Im manuellen Betrieb entfällt die komplette Steuereinheit, so dass die Verstellung des Downtilt-Winkels letztlich nur durch Verstellung der Betätigungseinrichtung, vorzugsweise durch Drehung eines Einstell- oder Spindelzahnrades vorgenommen werden kann, worüber über die drehbare Spindel dann beispielsweise die Phasenschieber zur Veränderung des Downtilt-Winkels entsprechend eingestellt werden können.As low proves now that the adjustment of the downtilt angle can ultimately be done both manually and by means of a suitable control device. In manual operation eliminates the entire control unit, so that the adjustment of the downtilt angle ultimately only by adjusting the actuator, preferably by rotation of a setting or Spindelzahnrades can be made about what about the rotatable spindle then, for example, the phase shifter for changing the downtilt angle can be adjusted accordingly.
Wird eine entsprechende elektronische bzw. elektrische Steuerungseinrichtung nachgerüstet, so wird diese bevorzugt nur außerhalb des Schutzgehäuses der Antenne montiert. Diese wirkt dann unmittelbar mit dem Betätigungs-Übertragungsglied, d.h. insbesondere dem für die manuelle Einstellung vorgesehenen Spindelzahnrad zusammen, worüber über den zur Steuerungseinrichtung gehörenden Motorantrieb eine Drehung des Spindelzahnrads vorgenommen werden kann.If a corresponding electronic or electrical control device is retrofitted, it is preferably mounted only outside the protective housing of the antenna. This then acts directly with the actuating transmission member, ie in particular that for the manual Setting provided spindle gear together, about which a rotation of the spindle gear can be made via the belonging to the control device motor drive.
Die erfindungsgemäße Steuervorrichtung umfasst eine nach außen führende Schnittstelle. Über diese Schnittstelle können einzelne, bevorzugt aber sämtliche Einstellungs- und Überwachungsfunktionen auf Kommandoebene durchgeführt werden. Zur Ansteuerung kann ein spezielles Steuergerät oder ein Rechner mit passender Steuersoftware oder auch z.B. die Basisstation verwendet werden.The control device according to the invention comprises an interface leading to the outside. It is possible to carry out individual, but preferably all setting and monitoring functions at the command level via this interface. To control a special controller or a computer with appropriate control software or even, for. the base station will be used.
Als günstig hat sich ferner erwiesen, keine Endschalter oder Endtaster, sondern klemmfreie Endanschläge vorzusehen. Diese sind also an der Spindel sowie gehäusefest so vorgesehen und ausgebildet, dass die Bewegung der Spindel in der jeweiligen Extrem- oder Endlage durch einen Endanschlag gegen ein Weiterdrehen gesichert ist. Der Endanschlag ermöglicht somit, dass bei einer nachfolgenden Bewegung in die entgegengesetzte Richtung im wesentlichen keine zusätzlichen Lösekräfte benötigt werden. Dies trägt dazu bei, dass vergleichsweise kleine Motoren mit niedrigen Antriebsleistungen verwendet werden können.As low has also proven to provide no limit switches or limit switches, but jamming end stops. These are thus provided on the spindle and fixed to the housing so that the movement of the spindle in the respective extreme or end position is secured against further rotation by an end stop. The end stop thus makes it possible that in a subsequent movement in the opposite direction substantially no additional release forces are needed. This contributes to the fact that comparatively small engines with low power outputs can be used.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist ferner vorgesehen, dass die Steuerelektronik den beiden Endanschlägen zwei absolute Positionswerte zuordnet. Die absolute Positionierung kann dann zumindest auf einer dieser beiden Positionen durchgeführt werden. Dazu müßte das Betätigungsglied vorzugsweise in Form der Spindel lediglich in die jeweilige Richtung bis zum Erreichen des Endanschlages bewegt werden. Das Erreichen des Endanschlages kann ebenfalls elektrisch/elektronisch durch die Steuerelektronik erkannt und ausgewertet werden.In a preferred embodiment, it is further provided that the control electronics assigns two absolute position values to the two end stops. The absolute positioning can then be carried out at least in one of these two positions. For this purpose, the actuator should preferably be moved in the form of the spindle only in the respective direction until reaching the end stop. Reaching the end stop can also be detected and evaluated electrically / electronically by the control electronics.
Als besonders günstig erweist sich eine im Rahmen der Erfindung vorgesehene Einrichtung zur Selbstkalibrierung. Wird das Übertragungs- oder Stellglied vorzugsweise in Form der Spindel zunächst auf zumindest einen der beiden Endanschläge zubewegt und dann zum anderen Endanschlag zurückbewegt, so kann mittels einer Wegerkennung, vorzugsweise in Form der gezählten Drehimpulse, der maximale Verstellweg erfasst, über die beiden Endanschläge einem maximalen Absenkwinkel zugeordnet und darüber jeder Zwischenwinkel, ggf. auch mittels in einer Tabelle abgespeicherten Stützwerte interpoliert werden. Dadurch können beliebige Positionen zwischen den Extremstellungen absolut angesteuert werden.Particularly favorable proves a provided within the scope of the invention device for self-calibration. If the transmission or actuator is preferably initially moved in the form of the spindle to at least one of the two end stops and then moved back to the other end stop, the maximum displacement path can be detected by way detection, preferably in the form of the counted rotational pulses, via the two end stops a maximum Lowering angle assigned and above each interim angle, if necessary, also be interpolated by means stored in a table support values. As a result, any positions between the extreme positions can be absolutely controlled.
Alternativ oder ergänzend ist es ebenso möglich, bestimmte Einstellpositionen innerhalb des zulässigen Einstellbereiches relativ anzusteuern. Dazu kann der jeweils aktuelle Einstellwert in einem nicht flüchtigen Speicher abgelegt werden, um dann bei einer erneuten Vornahme einer Verstellung von diesem Wert ausgehend die relative Verstellung durchzuführen.Alternatively or additionally, it is also possible to relatively control certain setting positions within the permissible setting range. For this purpose, the respective current setting value can be stored in a non-volatile memory, in order then to carry out the relative adjustment when the adjustment is made again from this value.
In einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind der mechanische und der elektrisch/elektronische Teil der Steuervorrichtung in fester Beziehung zueinanderstehend gekoppelt. Dazu bedarf es keiner speziellen Adressierung der Steuereinheit. Bevorzugt kann jedoch die Steuereinheit auch in einem Modus "mit Adressierung" arbeiten. Dies eröffnet die Möglichkeit über nur eine Kommandoschnittstelle mehrere elektronische Steuereinheiten von einem zentralen Punkt aus anzusteuern, also mehrere Winkel an verschiedenen Antennen entsprechend einzustellen.In one embodiment of the invention, the mechanical and electrical / electronic parts of the control device are coupled in fixed relationship with each other. This requires no special addressing of the control unit. Preferably, however, the control unit can also operate in a mode "with addressing". This opens up the possibility of controlling a plurality of electronic control units from a central point via only one command interface, ie to set several angles correspondingly to different antennas.
Weitere Einzelheiten, Vorteile und Merkmale ergeben sich nachfolgend aus dem anhand von Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel. Dabei zeigen im einzelnen
- Figur 1 :
- eine Darstellung einer unterhalb eines Abdeck- oder Schutzgehäuses angeordneten Mobilfunkantenne mit extern angebauter Antennensteuerungsvorrichtung;
- Figur 2 :
- eine auszugsweise Seitenansicht auf eine entsprechende Mobilfunkantenne mit abgenommenem Schutzgehäuse und nach außen geführter Betätigungseinrichtung;
- Figur 3 :
- eine vergrößerte Detaildarstellung der mit einer manuellen Einstellmöglichkeit grundsätzlich ausgestatteten Mobilfunkantenne für eine Basis-Station;
- Figur 4 :
- eine entsprechende Darstellung zu Figur 3 bei angebauter Antennensteuerungsvorrichtung;
- Figur 5 :
- eine vergrößerte Darstellung eines Details aus Figur 4;
- Figur 6 :
- eine Seitenansicht der in Figur 4 gezeigten Nachrüsteinheit im demontierten Zustand in schematischer Querschnittsdarstellung;
- Figur 7 :
- eine um 90° gedrehte Seitenansicht bezüglich der Darstellung gemäß Figur 4, und
- Figur 8:
- eine schematische Darstellung einer Basisstation mit Mast und elektronisch absenkbarer Mobilfunkantenne.
- FIG. 1:
- a representation of a arranged below a cover or protective housing mobile radio antenna with externally mounted antenna control device;
- FIG. 2:
- a partial side view of a corresponding mobile radio antenna with removed protective housing and outwardly guided actuator;
- FIG. 3:
- an enlarged detail of basically equipped with a manual adjustment cell phone antenna for a base station;
- FIG. 4:
- a corresponding representation of Figure 3 with attached antenna control device;
- FIG. 5:
- an enlarged view of a detail of Figure 4;
- FIG. 6:
- a side view of the retrofit unit shown in Figure 4 in the disassembled state in a schematic cross-sectional view;
- FIG. 7:
- a rotated by 90 ° side view with respect to the representation of Figure 4, and
- FIG. 8:
- a schematic representation of a base station with mast and electronically lowerable mobile phone antenna.
In Figur 1 ist in schematischer auszugsweise perspektivischer Darstellung eine Mobilfunkantenne für eine Basisstation gezeigt. Üblicherweise werden an einem in den Zeichnungen nicht dargestellten Antennenmast in entsprechender Vertikalausrichtung oder leicht nach unten geneigt in Umfangsrichtung versetzt liegend mehrere in verschiedene Zellen strahlende Mobilfunkantennen angeordnet.FIG. 1 shows a schematic extractively perspective view of a mobile radio antenna for a base station. Usually arranged in a corresponding vertical orientation or slightly inclined downward in the circumferential direction lying several antenna cells radiating into different cells on a not shown in the drawings antenna mast.
Eine derartige Mobilfunkantenne kann eine Vielzahl von Strahlern aufweisen, die in unterschiedlichen Frequenzbändern abstrahlen können, wobei durch Veränderung der Phasenabstände zwischen den einzelnen vertikal übereinander angeordneten Strahlern 1 ein unterschiedlicher Neigungswinkel, ein sogenannter Downtilt-Winkel, eingestellt werden kann, mit welchem die Mobilfunkantenne 3 gegenüber der Horizontalen nach unten abstrahlt. Dies erfolgt bekanntermaßen über entsprechende Einstellungen von Phasenschieberelementen, wobei insoweit auf die vorbekannten Lösungen verwiesen wird. In Figur 8 ist dabei eine Basisstation 71 mit einem Antennenmast 73 gezeigt, an welcher eine entsprechende Mobilfunkantenne 3 befestigt ist, die über Leitungen 75 von der Basisstation bzw. dem Kommandogerät angesteuert wird, und worüber die Ausstrahlrichtung in einem Winkelbereich α elektronisch mehr oder weniger stark abgesenkt werden kann.Such a mobile radio antenna may have a plurality of radiators which can radiate in different frequency bands, wherein a different angle of inclination, a so-called downtilt angle, can be adjusted by changing the phase distances between the individual vertically stacked
Eine entsprechende Mobilfunkantenne 3 umfasst beispielsweise eine Befestigungs- oder Montageplatte 5, die ggf. auch einen Reflektor mit umfassen oder zumindest einen Reflektor tragen kann, wobei die Befestigungs- oder Montageplatte vorzugsweise in an ihrer nach unten zu liegen kommenden Seite mit einer quer dazu vorstehenden Anschlussplatte 7 versehen ist, an der die entsprechenden Anschlüsse 9 zum Anschluss von Koaxialkabeln zum Betrieb der mehreren Einzelstrahler vorgesehen sind.A corresponding
An der Befestigungs- oder Montageplatte 5 ist ferner eine in der Regel aus GFK-Kunststoff bestehende Schutzabdeckung 11 befestigt, unterhalb der die Einzelstrahlerelemente vor einem Reflektor sitzend angeordnet sind.On the mounting or mounting plate 5 a generally made of FRP plastic
In der auszugsweisen perspektivischen Darstellung gemäß Figur 1 ist ferner bereits die außerhalb der Schutzabdeckung 11 nachrüstbare Steuerungsvorrichtung 13 gezeigt, mit der der Abstrahlwinkel der Antennen gesteuert oder automatisch eingestellt werden kann.In the extractive perspective view of FIG. 1, the
Bevor auf die aus Figur 1 im montierten Zustand ersichtliche Steuerungsvorrichtung 13 näher eingegangen wird, wird zunächst auf die schematische Draufsicht gemäß Figur 2 verwiesen, in der bei abgenommener Schutzabdeckung 11 vor einem Reflektor 15 an dessen unteren Ende des Reflektors 15 sitzend ein erster Strahler 17 benachbart zur Anschlussplatte 7 ersichtlich ist, wobei seitlich zu den Anschlüssen 9 in der Anschlussplatte 7 eine Betätigungsöffnung 19 vorgesehen ist, und zwar gebildet durch einen die Anschlussplatte 7 durchsetzenden und fest und dicht mit dieser verbundenen Anschlussstutzen 23. Dieser Anschlussstutzen 23 wird von einer Gewindehülse 21 durchragt, die also mit anderen Worten die entsprechende Öffnung 19 in der Anschlussplatte 7 durchsetzt. Innerhalb des feststehenden Anschlussstutzens 23 ist eine Gewindehülse 21 um ihre Axialachse drehbar gelagert, jedoch axial unverschieblich gehalten. An dem nach außen überstehenden Abschnitt der drehbar gelagerten Anschlusshülse 21 ist ein Einstellelement 25 vorgesehen, das im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel in Form eines Spindelzahnrades 25' gebildet ist.Before going into detail on the
Die Gewindehülse 21 wird von einer nachfolgend teilweise auch als Betätigungselement bezeichneten Betätigungseinrichtung 29 durchsetzt, welche in der gezeigten Ausführungsform aus einer Spindel 29' besteht. Das Außengewinde 29" der Spindel 29' wirkt zusammen mit dem Innengewinde der Gewindehülse 21, d.h. dem Innengewinde des Spindelzahnrades 25' zusammen, so dass durch Verdrehen des Spindelzahnrades 25' je nach Drehrichtung die nicht rotierbare Spindel 29' weiter ins Innere der Schutzabdeckung 11 axial hinein oder weiter heraus verstellt wird.The threaded
Wie insbesondere aus den Figuren 2 bis 5 ersichtlich ist, ist das innere Ende des in Form einer Spindel 29' gebildeten Betätigungselements 29 mit einer entsprechenden Übertragungseinrichtung 31 in Form eines Übertragungsgestänges verbunden, wobei an dem anderen nicht gezeigten Ende des Übertragungsgestänges dann der eine oder die mehreren Phasenschieber zur Veränderung des Neigungswinkels der Antennen eingestellt werden können. Durch die vorgesehene nicht drehbare Verbindung 33 ist zudem sichergestellt, dass sich die Spindel 29' selbst nicht drehen kann.As can be seen in particular from Figures 2 to 5, the inner end of the formed in the form of a spindle 29 'actuating element 29 is connected to a corresponding transmission means 31 in the form of a transmission linkage, wherein at the other not shown end of the transmission linkage then one or the a plurality of phase shifters for changing the inclination angle of the antennas can be set. By the intended
Aus der vergrößerten Detaildarstellung gemäß Figur 3 ist ferner ersichtlich, dass das Einstellelement 25 in Form des Spindelzahnrades 25' an der nach außen weisenden Seite zur Längsaxialachse radial nach außen versetzt liegend mit einem ersten Betätigungs-Endanschlag 35 und unterhalb der Schutzabdeckung 11, also innenliegend an der Anschlussplatte 7 mit einem gegensinnig ausgerichteten ebenfalls zur Zentralachse der Spindel radial versetzt liegenden zweiten Betätigungs-Endanschlag 35' ausgestattet ist. Diese Endanschläge sind jeweils in Umfangs- und damit Drehrichtung verlaufend ausgerichtet, wobei der äußere Einstell-Endanschlag 35 mit dem äußeren an der Spindel 29' ausgebildeten Betätigungs-Endanschlag 37 und der innere Einstell-Endanschlag 35' mit dem innenliegenden Betätigungs-Endanschlag 37' zusammenwirkt, die ebenfalls in Radialrichtung ausgerichtet sind. In Figur 3 befindet sich die Spindel in der einen Endanschlags-Position, nämlich in der am weitesten ausgefahrenen Position, bei welcher die beiden Anschläge 35', 37' aneinanderliegen.From the enlarged detail illustration according to FIG. 3, it can also be seen that the adjusting
Allein durch manuelle Verdrehung des Spindelzahnrades 25' kann also die Spindel 29' zwischen zwei Endstellungen so weit axial durch die Anschlussplatte 7 hindurch verstellt werden, bis jeweils der äußere Betätigungs-Endanschlag 37 an dem äußeren Einstell-Endanschlag 35 anschlägt oder umgekehrt der innenliegende Einstell-Endanschlag, 35' mit dem innenliegenden Betätigungs-Endanschlag 37' der Spindel 29 zusammenwirkt.Only by manual rotation of the spindle gear 25 'so the spindle 29' between two end positions so far axially be adjusted through the
Der Downtilt-Winkel einer derartigen Antenne kann also problemlos manuell verändert und neu eingestellt werden, indem das Einstellelement 25, mit anderen Worten also das Spindelzahnrad 25' in Umfangsrichtung entsprechend verdreht wird, um dadurch die Spindel in Axialrichtung zu verstellen. Unter Zusammenwirkung mit dem unterhalb der Schutzabdeckung vorgesehenen Übertragungsgestänge können die Phasenschieber und damit der Downtilt-Winkel entsprechend eingestellt werden.The downtilt angle of such an antenna can thus be easily changed manually and reset by the setting
Eine derartige Antenne ist aber zudem problemlos mit einer geschilderten Steuerungsvorrichtung zum motorischen Absenken der Mobilfunkantenne 3 beispielsweise mittels Fernbedienung nachrüstbar.Such an antenna is also easily retrofitted with a described control device for motorized lowering of the
Dazu muss lediglich eine z.B. bereits in Figur 1 von außen her ersichtliche und in den Figuren 4 bis 6 im weiteren Detail wiedergegebene Steuerungsvorrichtung 13 nachgerüstet werden, die mit den entsprechend elektrischen bzw. elektronischen Komponenten ausgestattet sein kann und vor allem auch die notwendigen Antriebselemente zur mechanischen Verstellung beinhaltet.For this purpose only one e.g. already apparent in Figure 1 and reproduced in Figures 4 to 6 reproduced in more
Die Steuerungsvorrichtung 13 umfasst (Figur 6) dazu ein Steuerungsgehäuse 43 mit einem Anschlussstutzen 45, dessen über das Gehäuse 43 bzw. den Anschlussstutzen 45 gehaltener und mit einem Innengewinde versehener Anschlusskappenring 47 auf einen erhobenen Ringabschnitt 23' des Anschlussstutzens 23 der Anschlussplatte 7 fest aufgedreht wird. Das erwähnte Spindelzahnrad 25' kommt dann im Inneren des Steuerungsgehäuses 43 zu liegen, und zwar unmittelbar benachbart neben einem entsprechenden Antriebszahnrad 49, welches von einem Elektromotor 51 antreibbar ist.The
Wie aus den schematischen Darstellungen ferner hervorgeht, ist im Inneren des Steuerungsgehäuses 43 der Steuerungsvorrichtung 13 die, Steuerungselektronik 41 mit diversen Steuerplatinen 53 vorgesehen, die die elektrischen/elektronischen Komponenten zur Steuerung umfassen, auf deren Funktionsweise nachfolgend eingegangen wird.As is also apparent from the schematic diagrams, inside the
Beispielsweise über einen nicht näher dargestellten Sender kann - da die Steuerungsvorrichtung 13 eine Empfangseinrichtung umfasst - die Steuerungsvorrichtung 13 entsprechend bedient werden. Nach einer Erstmontage oder beispielsweise nach einem Reset wird über den Elektromotor 51 das Spindelzahnrad 25', welches mit dem vom Elektromotor angetriebenen Antriebszahnrad 49 kämmt, in Rotation versetzt, bis die Spindel 29' beispielsweise in ihre innerste, d.h. in das Schutzgehäuse 11 am weitesten eingefahrene Position verstellt ist, bis also der mit dem Spindelzahnrad 25' mitbewegte, äußere Einstell-Endanschlag 35 in Umfangsrichtung zum Drehen an dem äußeren an der Spindel angebrachten Betätigungs-Endanschlag 37 anschlägt. Anschließend wird der Antriebsmotor 51 in umgekehrter Richtung betätigt, bis der innere mit der Gewindehülse 21 und dem Spindelzahnrad 25' mitdrehende Einstell-Endanschlag 35' an dem inneren an der Spindel angebrachten und damit axial mitbewegten Betätigungs-Endanschlag 37' anschlägt. Diesen beiden Endpositionen werden von der Elektronik zwei Winkeleinstellungen zugeordnet. Ein Hin- und Herbewegen zwischen den Endanschlägen kann nicht zu einer Blockierung führen, da keine Verkeil- und Verspannkräfte zwischen den Endanschlägen auftreten, die quasi im 90°-Winkel aufeinander zulaufend aneinander anschlagen.For example, via a transmitter not shown - since the
Durch die Zuordnung der Endpositionen auf zwei von der Elektronik vorgegebene oder auf zwei über (in den Zeichnungen nicht dargestellte) Kabelverbindungen oder bevorzugt über fernsteuerbare Vorrichtungen übermittelte End-Absenkwinkel kann die auf einer der Steuerplatinen 53 vorgesehene integrierte Elektronik oder Auswertelektronik eine Selbstkalibrierung durchführen. Zwischen der Verstellbewegung zwischen den beiden Endanschlägen können ferner z.B. die Drehimpulse mittels einer Zähleinrichtung mitgezählt werden, so dass ein wegabhängiges Signal darüber gegeben ist. Die beiden Endpositionen und das wegabhängige Signal dienen dann dazu, mittels der Elektronik eine Interpolation zu ermöglichen, wodurch jeder Zwischenwert zwischen den Endanschlägen ansteuerbar ist. Dazu kann die Steuerung aus der gewünschten Position die Anzahl der für die betreffende Position benötigten Drehimpulse errechnen und den Elektromotor entsprechend lang ansteuern. Anstelle der erwähnten Interpolation können die gewünschten Zwischenwerte möglicherweise auch vorzugsweise mittels Stützwerten aus einer Tabelle ausgelesen werden.By assigning the end positions to two predetermined by the electronics or two on (not shown in the drawings) cable connections or preferably via remote controllable devices transmitted end Absenkwinkel provided on one of the control boards 53 integrated electronics or evaluation electronics perform a self-calibration. Between the adjusting movement between the two end stops can also, for example, the angular momentum by means of a counter be counted so that a path-dependent signal is given about it. The two end positions and the path-dependent signal then serve to enable interpolation by means of the electronics, whereby each intermediate value between the end stops can be controlled. For this purpose, the controller can calculate from the desired position, the number of angular momentum required for the position in question and drive the electric motor correspondingly long. Instead of the mentioned interpolation, the desired intermediate values may possibly also be read out of a table by means of master values.
Die Ansteuerung kann im Sinne einer absoluten Ansteuerung erfolgen, indem zunächst jeweils in Richtung eines Endanschlags zurückgefahren und dann in umgekehrter Richtung eine entsprechende Verstellung bis zur gewünschten Absolutlage der Spindel 29' vorgenommen wird. Es kann aber auch eine relative Verstellung dergestalt vorgenommen werden, dass der jeweils zuletzt eingestellte Relativwert, der einem bestimmten Absenkwinkel der Antenne entspricht, bevorzugt in einem nicht flüchtigen Zwischenspeicher abgespeichert wird. Durch die Elektronik wird dann bezüglich eines nächsten Wertes errechnet, welche Wegstrecke ausgehend von der aktuellen Einstellung vorgenommen werden muss.The control can be carried out in the sense of an absolute control by first moved back in the direction of an end stop and then in the opposite direction, a corresponding adjustment to the desired absolute position of the spindle 29 'is made. However, a relative adjustment can also be made in such a way that the relative value last set in each case, which corresponds to a specific lowering angle of the antenna, is preferably stored in a non-volatile intermediate memory. The electronics then calculate, with respect to a next value, which distance has to be taken based on the current setting.
Die Steuerungsvorrichtung 13 umfasst also insbesondere mit dem Elektromotor 51 elektromechanische Steuerungselemente und daneben auch eine Steuerungselektronik 41 zur Auswertung, Berechnung etc. Diese sogenannte "intelligente" Steuerungselektronik 41 weist bevorzugt eine Schnittstelle auf, über die sämtliche Einstell-/Überwachungsfunktionen auf einer Kommandoebene durchgeführt werden können. Zur Einstellung kann ein spezielles Steuergerät oder ein Rechner mit passender Steuerungssoftware verwendet werden. Die Kommunikation kann drahtgebunden oder drahtlos zwischen einem. Kommandogerät (beispielsweise einem Rechner) und der Steuerungsvorrichtung 13, oder durch die Basisstation selbst erfolgen.The
Beispielsweise bei Verwendung eines Kommandogerätes kann dieses zudem, wenn die einzelnen Steuerungsvorrichtungen 13 bzw. die zugehörige Steuerungselektronik 41 adressierbar sind, mehrere unterschiedliche Steuerungsvorrichtungen 13 ansteuern.For example, when using a Kommandogerätes this can also, if the
Die Adressenmodi (mit und ohne Adresse) können dabei jederzeit auch im Betrieb geändert werden. Ggf. kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass Adressen sogar noch nachträglich konfiguriert werden können.The address modes (with and without address) can be changed at any time during operation. Possibly. can also be provided that addresses can even be configured later.
Die Kommandoschnittstelle an der Steuerungselektronik 41 ist von außen.her zugänglich, beispielsweise über Stecker oder Kabel oder sie ist drahtlos erreichbar.The command interface to the
Die Erfindung ist für eine Antennen-Steuerungsvorrichtung beschrieben worden, die als Komplettgerät oder als Komplettmodul außerhalb der Schutzabdeckung der Antenne nachrüstbar ist. Das gleich Gerät bei im Prinzip gleichen Aufbau kann auch als Komplettgerät oder als Kompletteinheit bzw. Komplettmödul innerhalb der Antennenvorrichtung, d.h. unterhalb der Schutzeinrichtung der Antennen montiert werden und dabei in gleicher oder vergleichbarer Weise mit einer Übertragungseinrichtung gekoppelt werden, um die Phasenlage der Antennenelemente unterschiedlich einzustellen. Durch die Modularbauweise bzw. Komplettbauweise ist in beiden Fällen eine leichte und problemlose Nachrüstbarkeit möglich.The invention has been described for an antenna control device which can be retrofitted as a complete device or as a complete module outside the protective cover of the antenna. The same device with basically the same construction can also be used as a complete device or as a complete unit or module within the antenna device, i. be mounted below the protective device of the antennas and are coupled in the same or comparable manner with a transmission device to adjust the phase angle of the antenna elements differently. Due to the modular design or complete construction, easy and problem-free retrofitting is possible in both cases.
Claims (14)
- Mobile radio antenna for setting a different depression angle, having the following features:- the mobile radio antenna (3) comprises a plurality of antenna elements (1), at least one phase shifter and a protective housing,- a different depression angle can be set for the mobile radio antenna (3) by adjustment of the at least one phase shifter,- the antenna elements (1) and the at least one phase shifter are accommodated in the interior of the protective housing,- a control apparatus (13) is provided,- the control apparatus (13) comprises an electric motor (51) and control electronics (41),- the control apparatus (13) is accommodated with its control electronics (41) in a control housing (43) which is separated or isolated from the protective housing,- the control housing (43) of the control apparatus (13) is mounted outside the protective housing,- an operating element (29) is provided, which is passed out of the interior (which is covered by the protective housing) of the mobile radio antenna (3) via an operating opening (19), or is inserted into the interior of the protective housing via the operating opening (19), or is located in the interior of the protective housing,- the operating element (29) is in this case passed axially into a threaded sleeve (21), which is mounted such that it can rotate and passes through the protective housing,- an adjusting element (25) which is arranged outside the protective housing is provided on the threaded sleeve (21) which is mounted such that it can rotate,- the electric motor (51) is provided with a drive wheel (49) which interacts with the adjusting element (25) such that rotation of the threaded sleeve (21) causes the operating element (29) to be moved axially in order, via it, to operate the at least one phase shifter, which is provided in the interior of the protective housing, in order to set the different depression angle.
- Mobile radio antenna according to Claim 1, characterized in that this control apparatus is provided with an adapter device, by which means the control apparatus can be fitted, in such a manner that it can be retrofitted, to the mobile radio antenna, preferably without opening the protective housing for the mobile radio antenna (3).
- Mobile radio antenna according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the drive wheel (49) comprises a drive toothed wheel which interacts with an antenna-side adjusting element (25) in the form of a toothed wheel (25'), which is arranged outside the protective housing, in order to adjust the operating element (29).
- Mobile radio antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the control housing (43) has an opening by means of which it can be attached or screwed to a connecting plate (7) of a base mounting plate (5) and/or of a protective cover (11) for the protective housing, to be precise holding the antenna-side adjusting element (25) or toothed wheel (25'), and/or for holding at least part of the associated operating element (29), in order to carry out an adjustment of the depression angle of the mobile radio antenna (3).
- Mobile radio antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the control electronics (41) comprise means in order to carry out self-calibration, such that the operating device (29) can be moved by means of the control electronics (41) between two extreme or limit positions by means of the electric motor (51), and these limit positions can be associated with maximum and minimum values of the depression level of the mobile radio antenna (3), and the control electronics (41) can interpolate intermediate relative positions between the two extreme or limit positions as a function of the movement.
- Mobile radio antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a memory is provided in which the respective setting value of the operating element (29) and hence a predetermined depression angle of the mobile radio antenna (3) can be stored, and in that means are provided such that the corresponding values can be interpolated.
- Mobile radio antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the movement-dependent adjustment of the operating element (29) can be carried out in the form of a rotation speed impulse measurement.
- Mobile radio antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the control electronics (41) have an interface, via which all the setting and/or monitoring functions can be carried out by a command appliance, a computer or the base station itself.
- Mobile radio antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the command appliance is the base station, or is integrated in the base station.
- Mobile radio antenna according to Claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the command appliance comprises a computer which processes software, a specific controller, or the base station itself.
- Mobile radio antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the respectively currently set depression position of the depression angle can be stored in a non-volatile memory, and in that it is possible to move to a next desired angle relatively from the current value of the downtilt angle.
- Mobile radio antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the control apparatus (13) or the control electronics (41) is or are addressable, via which a number of control apparatuses can be driven by means of one command appliance in order to set a number of antennas to different depression angles.
- Mobile radio antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the control apparatus (13) can be operated by means of an appliance or command appliance (59).
- Mobile radio antenna according to Claim 6 in conjunction with at least one other of the preceding claims, characterized in that the memory comprises a non-volatile memory.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04013187A EP1455413B1 (en) | 2001-02-01 | 2002-01-31 | Method of changing the down-tilt angle of an antenna, in particular of a base station antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10104564A DE10104564C1 (en) | 2001-02-01 | 2001-02-01 | Control device for setting a different drop angle, in particular of mobile radio antennas belonging to a base station, and an associated antenna and method for changing a drop angle |
DE10104564 | 2001-02-01 | ||
PCT/EP2002/001008 WO2002061877A2 (en) | 2001-02-01 | 2002-01-31 | Control device for a base station antenna |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04013187A Division EP1455413B1 (en) | 2001-02-01 | 2002-01-31 | Method of changing the down-tilt angle of an antenna, in particular of a base station antenna |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1356539A2 EP1356539A2 (en) | 2003-10-29 |
EP1356539B1 true EP1356539B1 (en) | 2006-08-30 |
Family
ID=7672517
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02716706A Expired - Lifetime EP1356539B1 (en) | 2001-02-01 | 2002-01-31 | Mobile radio telephone antenna for setting a different downtilt angle |
EP04013187A Expired - Lifetime EP1455413B1 (en) | 2001-02-01 | 2002-01-31 | Method of changing the down-tilt angle of an antenna, in particular of a base station antenna |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04013187A Expired - Lifetime EP1455413B1 (en) | 2001-02-01 | 2002-01-31 | Method of changing the down-tilt angle of an antenna, in particular of a base station antenna |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7031751B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP1356539B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3913678B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100609205B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN100372175C (en) |
AT (2) | ATE330337T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2002247672B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0203845B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2434369C (en) |
DE (3) | DE10104564C1 (en) |
ES (2) | ES2269662T3 (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ526457A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002061877A2 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA200207136B (en) |
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- 2002-01-31 NZ NZ526457A patent/NZ526457A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-01-31 CA CA002434369A patent/CA2434369C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-01-31 AT AT04013187T patent/ATE330337T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-01-31 JP JP2002561313A patent/JP3913678B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2002-01-31 AT AT02716706T patent/ATE338353T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-01-31 ES ES02716706T patent/ES2269662T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-01-31 AU AU2002247672A patent/AU2002247672B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-01-31 EP EP04013187A patent/EP1455413B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-01-31 KR KR1020027012276A patent/KR100609205B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-01-31 US US10/240,317 patent/US7031751B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-01-31 DE DE50207997T patent/DE50207997D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Cited By (10)
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WO2007135204A1 (en) | 2006-12-19 | 2007-11-29 | Radiacion Y Microondas, S.A. | Remote control device for controlling the angle of inclination of the radiation diagram of an antenna |
DE102008053850A1 (en) | 2008-10-30 | 2010-05-06 | Kathrein-Werke Kg | Antenna transmission control unit for antenna system i.e. mobile radio antenna system, has base station multiplexer circuit designed such that protocol signals are applied at high frequency feeder-sided connection |
WO2010049094A1 (en) | 2008-10-30 | 2010-05-06 | Kathrein-Werke Kg | Remote antenna installation for a plurality of base stations sharing a single hf supply line for transmitting hf, control and monitoring signals and the supply direct voltage |
DE102008053851A1 (en) | 2008-10-30 | 2010-05-06 | Kathrein-Werke Kg | Antenna system, in particular mobile radio antenna system and associated transmission and control device |
US8688033B2 (en) | 2008-10-30 | 2014-04-01 | Kathrein-Werke Kg | Antenna system, in particular mobile communication antenna system, and associated transmission and control device |
DE102008059268A1 (en) | 2008-11-27 | 2009-11-19 | Kathrein-Werke Kg | Positional recognition device for antenna, particularly mobile phone antenna, has integrated inclination sensor and global positioning system, where device is provided in control unit for adjusting electrical beam deflection with antenna |
DE102008059333A1 (en) | 2008-11-27 | 2010-06-02 | Kathrein-Werke Kg | GPS mast module and mobile radio system |
US8457700B2 (en) | 2008-11-27 | 2013-06-04 | Kathrein-Werke Kg | GPS mast module and mobile radio installation |
DE202009001821U1 (en) | 2009-02-12 | 2009-04-16 | Kathrein-Werke Kg | Antenna, in particular mobile radio antenna |
DE202015105535U1 (en) | 2015-10-19 | 2015-11-27 | Kathrein Werke Kg | Adjustment element for use in mobile radio antennas and mobile radio antenna with adjustment element |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2269662T3 (en) | 2007-04-01 |
ATE330337T1 (en) | 2006-07-15 |
CA2434369C (en) | 2008-09-30 |
ATE338353T1 (en) | 2006-09-15 |
BR0203845A (en) | 2003-03-25 |
DE50207225D1 (en) | 2006-07-27 |
AU2002247672B2 (en) | 2004-08-05 |
US20030109231A1 (en) | 2003-06-12 |
US20050272470A1 (en) | 2005-12-08 |
KR100609205B1 (en) | 2006-08-02 |
JP3913678B2 (en) | 2007-05-09 |
ZA200207136B (en) | 2002-11-29 |
WO2002061877A3 (en) | 2003-03-13 |
CN100372175C (en) | 2008-02-27 |
EP1455413A1 (en) | 2004-09-08 |
EP1455413B1 (en) | 2006-06-14 |
NZ526457A (en) | 2005-05-27 |
KR20020080497A (en) | 2002-10-23 |
WO2002061877A2 (en) | 2002-08-08 |
US7366545B2 (en) | 2008-04-29 |
ES2266959T3 (en) | 2007-03-01 |
CA2434369A1 (en) | 2002-08-08 |
JP2004518377A (en) | 2004-06-17 |
DE10104564C1 (en) | 2002-09-19 |
WO2002061877A8 (en) | 2003-10-30 |
EP1356539A2 (en) | 2003-10-29 |
BRPI0203845B1 (en) | 2015-09-22 |
DE50207997D1 (en) | 2006-10-12 |
US7031751B2 (en) | 2006-04-18 |
CN1541430A (en) | 2004-10-27 |
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