EP0252371A1 - Electrostatic dust separator - Google Patents
Electrostatic dust separator Download PDFInfo
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- EP0252371A1 EP0252371A1 EP87109099A EP87109099A EP0252371A1 EP 0252371 A1 EP0252371 A1 EP 0252371A1 EP 87109099 A EP87109099 A EP 87109099A EP 87109099 A EP87109099 A EP 87109099A EP 0252371 A1 EP0252371 A1 EP 0252371A1
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- Prior art keywords
- housing
- section
- gas
- electrostatic dust
- cross
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
- B03C3/72—Emergency control systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/01—Pretreatment of the gases prior to electrostatic precipitation
- B03C3/011—Prefiltering; Flow controlling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
- B03C3/82—Housings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
- B03C3/88—Cleaning-out collected particles
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrostatic dust separator for horizontal gas passage, in which vertical plate-shaped precipitation electrodes are arranged in equidistant intervals parallel to the main axis of the housing in a cylindrical, pressure-resistant housing, which extend according to the respective chord length substantially over the entire available height, and in which spray electrodes which are clamped in the frame between the precipitation electrodes are provided, and scraping devices which can be pivoted about the housing axis via the lower region of the housing wall provided with dust discharge openings.
- Such a dust collector is known from DE-PS 19 00 526.
- it largely fulfills the requirement for the fullest possible use of the available flow cross-section and for the avoidance of flow-free spaces with regard to an explosion risk with alternating exposure to combustible and non-combustible gases. Nevertheless, malfunctions due to deflagrations and light gas explosions occasionally occurred, the causes of which could not be identified at first.
- Dust collectors of this type are used for the dry dedusting of industrial useful and exhaust gases, especially if it is a permanently or temporarily explosive gas mixture.
- top gases from blast furnaces that work with an overpressure of 1.5 to 2.5 bar are dedusted in this way so that they can be recovered in turbines without the risk of erosion to be able to relax to 40 to 80 mbar, whereby the dust content must first be reduced to 5 to 20 mg / m3.
- electrostatic filters with a pressure loss of 1 to 2 mbar are considered, because in the separation capacity equivalent high-performance washers have a pressure loss of 200 to 400 mbar.
- the dedusting of exhaust gases from steel converters is also particularly critical because, due to the discontinuous mode of operation, flammable gases alternate and the ambient air is only slightly mixed with dust and gases. After dedusting, the flammable gases are collected in containers or fed into gas supply systems, while the gases occurring intermittently outside the actual blowing phases of the converter are released into the atmosphere via a chimney after dedusting.
- a switchover device downstream of the dust separator is used for this purpose, which is controlled in time or as a function of the gas composition.
- This switchover device, the converter and also deflagrations upstream from the dust separator can initiate pressure surges in the gas flow, through which dust accumulations in the dust separator or in the upstream duct system can be detached and swirled in the gas flow.
- Such "dust bursts" on the one hand impair the separation performance of the dust separator and on the other hand are associated with an increased risk of deflagration.
- Deflagrations can also be triggered in dust separators for converter exhaust gases if, at critical moments, false air intakes occur or if pressure surges reactivate parts of the flow system that were previously dead due to the unfavorable design and in which gas volumes of an undefined composition had accumulated. It is obvious that all the precautions are taken to ensure the safe separation of the different gas qualities flowing through the dust separator in alternation.
- the inlet connector has one or more spring-loaded pressure relief flaps.
- a particularly favorable gas flow and gas distribution is achieved in the dust separator according to the invention if the smaller diameters d of the conical sections of the inlet or outlet nozzle relate to the diameter D of the housing, such as: 0.24 D ⁇ d3 ⁇ 0.36 D (preferably 0.3 D) 0.36 D ⁇ d2 ⁇ 0.48 D (preferably 0.42 D) 0.90 D ⁇ d1 ⁇ 0.95 D (preferably 0.925 D) and if the heights h of the conical sections of the inlet and outlet connections relate to the diameter D of the housing, such as: 0.075 D ⁇ h3 ⁇ 0.15 D (preferably 0.15 D) 0.120 D ⁇ h2 0.200 D (preferably 0.160 D) 0.045 D ⁇ h1 ⁇ 0.075 D (preferably 0.060 D)
- the gas distribution perforated plate which is arranged in the plane of the diameter d2, advantageously has a cross section of 52 to 60%, preferably 56%, while the other two gas distribution perforated plates should have a free cross section of 54 to 62%, preferably 58%. Furthermore, it is provided that a closed dust collecting duct with a mechanical conveying device and with transverse webs is arranged under the dust discharge openings, through which the dust discharge openings are sealed off from one another on the gas side. Finally is provided that to compensate for pressure surges, the gas distribution perforated plates have movably suspended sections which can swing up against the gas flow direction.
- the electrostatic dust separator for horizontal gas passage according to FIG. 1 has a cylindrical, pressure-resistant housing (l) which rests on the foundation via supports (l9).
- vertical plate-shaped precipitation electrodes (2) are arranged at equidistant intervals parallel to the main axis of the housing (l), which correspond to the respective chord length extend substantially over the entire available height.
- Spray electrodes (3) tensioned in frames (15) are provided between the precipitation electrodes (2).
- the electrostatic dust separator has scraper devices (6) which can be pivoted about the housing axis via the lower region of the housing wall (5) provided with dust discharge openings (4).
- the cylindrical housing (l) is connected to an inlet connection (7) which in three conical sections (a, b, c) widens from the cross section of the gas supply line to the at least 10 times larger cross section of the cylindrical housing (l) and in its middle conical section (b) has three gas distribution perforated plates (8a to 8c).
- an outlet connection (9) is provided, which narrows in three conical sections (c, b, a) from the cross section of the cylindrical housing (l) to the cross section of the gas discharge line of at most l / l0 thereof.
- a pressure relief flap (l0) is provided on the inlet connection (7).
- a closed dust collecting duct (ll) with a mechanical conveyor (l2) and with transverse webs (l3) through which the dust discharge openings (4) are sealed off from one another on the gas side (see also FIG. 3).
- the spray electrodes (3) are clamped in frames (l5), which in turn are mounted in the housing (l) via support devices (l7) and insulators (l6).
- the scraper device (6) is rotatably mounted in transverse webs (18). Circular ribs (20) are also provided to stiffen the housing (l).
- the spray electrodes (3) While the earthed precipitation electrodes (2) are suspended directly in the housing (l), the spray electrodes (3), which are connected to high voltage and are clamped in frames, are removed via support devices (l7) and insulators (l6).
- the housing (l) reinforced by ribs (20) in turn rests on the foundations via the supports (l9).
- the dust discharge openings (4) can be clearly seen, which are arranged in the lower part of the housing (l), which together with the inlet and outlet nozzle (7,9) determines the outer contour of the electrostatic dust separator.
- the conveying device (l2) arranged in the dust collecting duct (II) is shown in simplified form. It consists essentially of an endless chain (22), to which scrapers (2l) extending transversely to the conveying direction are attached. The chain is mounted on laterally arranged webs (23) and is moved by means of a drive, not shown.
- the dust emerging down through the dust discharge openings (4) is conveyed to the right by means of the scrapers (2l) attached to the chain (22) and ultimately discharged from the dust collection duct (not shown).
- the scrapers (2l) attached to the chain (22) and ultimately discharged from the dust collection duct (not shown).
- the gas distribution plate (8) according to Figure 4 has a number of sections (l4) which are suspended in such a manner that they are held in a vertical position by the normal gas flow against stops, but in the event of a sudden pressure increase in the electrostatic dust separator Can level off the gas flow direction and thus ensure a rapid reduction in pressure (see side view).
- FIG. 6 the dust separator with housing (1), inlet and outlet connection (7, 9) is again shown in simplified form in order to illustrate the gradation of the diameter d and the height h of the individual conical parts, which is important according to the invention. It can be seen from this that the inlet and outlet connections (7, 9) can be designed essentially in the same way within the scope of the conditions specified in claims 4 and 5.
- FIG. 7 again shows how the gas distribution perforated plates (8a to 8c) are arranged in the middle section (b) of the inlet connector. Thereafter, the gas distribution perforated plates (8a and 8c) are each arranged approximately in the smallest and largest diameter of this section (b), while the gas distribution perforated plate (8b) lies exactly between them, so that there are equally large gaps between the gas distribution perforated plates in the gas flow direction.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen elektrostatischen Staubabscheider für horizontalen Gasdurchgang, bei dem in einem zylindrischen, druckfesten Gehäuse vertikale plattenförmige Niederschlagselektroden in äquidistanten Abständen parallel zur Hauptachse des Gehäuses angeordnet sind, die sich entsprechend der jeweiligen Kreissehnenlänge im wesentlichen über die gesamte verfügbare Höhe erstrecken, und bei dem zwischen den Niederschlagselektroden in Rahmen gespannte Sprühelektroden vorgesehen sind, sowie um die Gehäuseachse über den unteren, mit Staubaustragsöffnungen versehenen Bereich der Gehäusewandung, schwenkbare Kratzeinrichtungen.The invention relates to an electrostatic dust separator for horizontal gas passage, in which vertical plate-shaped precipitation electrodes are arranged in equidistant intervals parallel to the main axis of the housing in a cylindrical, pressure-resistant housing, which extend according to the respective chord length substantially over the entire available height, and in which spray electrodes which are clamped in the frame between the precipitation electrodes are provided, and scraping devices which can be pivoted about the housing axis via the lower region of the housing wall provided with dust discharge openings.
Ein derartiger Staubabscheider ist aus der DE-PS l9 00 526 bekannt. Er erfüllt im zylindrischen Teil des druckfesten Gehäuses weitgehend die Forderung nach möglichst vollständiger Ausnutzung des zur Verfügung stehenden Strömungsquerschnitts und nach Vermeidung strömungstoter Räume im Hinblick auf eine Explosionsgefahr bei wechselnder Beaufschlagung mit brennbaren und nicht brennbaren Gasen. Trotzdem sind gelegentlich noch Störungen durch Verpuffungen und leichte Gasexplosionen entstanden, deren Ursachen zunächst nicht erkannt werden konnten.Such a dust collector is known from DE-PS 19 00 526. In the cylindrical part of the flameproof housing, it largely fulfills the requirement for the fullest possible use of the available flow cross-section and for the avoidance of flow-free spaces with regard to an explosion risk with alternating exposure to combustible and non-combustible gases. Nevertheless, malfunctions due to deflagrations and light gas explosions occasionally occurred, the causes of which could not be identified at first.
Staubabscheider dieser Bauart werden zur trockenen Entstaubung industrieller Nutz- und Abgase eingesetzt, insbesondere wenn es sich um dauernd oder zeitweise explosive Gasgemische handelt. So werden beispielsweise Gichtgase aus Hochöfen, die mit einem Überdruck von l,5 bis 2,5 bar arbeiten, auf diese Weise entstaubt, um sie ohne Erosionsgefahr zur Energierückgewinnung in Turbinen auf 40 bis 80 mbar entspannen zu können, wobei zuvor der Staubgehalt auf 5 bis 20 mg/m³ reduziert werden muß. Im Hinblick auf ein möglichst hohes ausnutzbares Druckgefälle, kommen hierfür nur Elektrofilter mit einem Druckverlust von l bis 2 mbar in Betracht, denn in der Abscheideleistung gleichwertige Hochleistungswäscher weisen einen Druckverlust von 200 bis 400 mbar auf.Dust collectors of this type are used for the dry dedusting of industrial useful and exhaust gases, especially if it is a permanently or temporarily explosive gas mixture. For example, top gases from blast furnaces that work with an overpressure of 1.5 to 2.5 bar are dedusted in this way so that they can be recovered in turbines without the risk of erosion to be able to relax to 40 to 80 mbar, whereby the dust content must first be reduced to 5 to 20 mg / m³. With regard to the highest possible exploitable pressure drop, only electrostatic filters with a pressure loss of 1 to 2 mbar are considered, because in the separation capacity equivalent high-performance washers have a pressure loss of 200 to 400 mbar.
Ein weiteres Anwendungsgebiet für derartige Staubabscheider sind Kohlemahlanlagen, deren Abgase wegen des Kohlestaubgehalts in bestimmten Grenzen explosibel sind. Unkontrollierte Änderungen der Gaszusammensetzung durch Aufwirbelung von Kohlestaubablagerungen oder durch Einbruch von Falschluft, müssen hier auf jeden Fall vermieden werden.Another area of application for such dust separators is coal grinding plants, the exhaust gases of which are explosive within certain limits due to the coal dust content. In any case, uncontrolled changes in the gas composition due to the swirling of coal dust deposits or the ingress of incorrect air must be avoided.
Besonders kritisch ist auch die Entstaubung von Abgasen aus Stahlkonvertern, weil der Staubabscheider wegen der diskontinuierlichen Betriebsweise abwechselnd von brennbaren Gasen und von lediglich nur leicht mit Staub und Gasen vermischter Umgebungsluft durchströmt wird. Die brennbaren Gase werden nach der Entstaubung in Behältern gesammelt oder in Gasversorgungssysteme eingespeist, während die intermittierend außerhalb der eigentlichen Blasphasen des Konverters anfallenden Gase nach der Entstaubung über einen Kamin in die Atmosphäre abgegeben werden. Dazu dient eine Umschaltvorrichtung stromab vom Staubabscheider, die zeitlich bzw. in Abhängigkeit von der Gaszusammensetzung gesteuert wird. Von dieser Umschalteinrichtung, vom Konverter und auch durch Verpuffungen stromauf vom Staubabscheider, können Druckstöße im Gasstrom initiert werden, durch die Staubansammlungen im Staubabscheider oder im stromauf gelegenen Kanalsystem abgelöst und in dem Gasstrom verwirbelt werden können. Solche "Staubstöße" beeinträchtigen einerseits die Abscheideleistung des Staubabscheiders und sind andererseits mit einer erhöhten Verpuffungsgefahr verbunden.The dedusting of exhaust gases from steel converters is also particularly critical because, due to the discontinuous mode of operation, flammable gases alternate and the ambient air is only slightly mixed with dust and gases. After dedusting, the flammable gases are collected in containers or fed into gas supply systems, while the gases occurring intermittently outside the actual blowing phases of the converter are released into the atmosphere via a chimney after dedusting. A switchover device downstream of the dust separator is used for this purpose, which is controlled in time or as a function of the gas composition. This switchover device, the converter and also deflagrations upstream from the dust separator can initiate pressure surges in the gas flow, through which dust accumulations in the dust separator or in the upstream duct system can be detached and swirled in the gas flow. Such "dust bursts" on the one hand impair the separation performance of the dust separator and on the other hand are associated with an increased risk of deflagration.
Verpuffungen können in Staubabscheidern für Konverterabgase auch ausgelöst werden, wenn in kritischen Momenten Falschlufteinbrüche stattfinden oder wenn durch Druckstöße Teile des Strömungssystems wieder aktiviert werden, die zuvor aufgrund ungünstiger Gestaltung strömungstot waren und in denen sich Gasvolumen undefinierter Zusammensetzung angesammelt hatten. Es leuchtet ohne weiteres ein, daß dadurch alle Vorkehrungen zunichte gemacht werden, die zur sicheren Trennung der im zeitlichen Wechsel durch den Staubabscheider strömenden unterschiedlichen Gasqualitäten getroffen werden.Deflagrations can also be triggered in dust separators for converter exhaust gases if, at critical moments, false air intakes occur or if pressure surges reactivate parts of the flow system that were previously dead due to the unfavorable design and in which gas volumes of an undefined composition had accumulated. It is obvious that all the precautions are taken to ensure the safe separation of the different gas qualities flowing through the dust separator in alternation.
Es besteht somit die Aufgabe, den gattungsmäßigen Staubabscheider so weiterzubilden, daß er nicht nur im zylindrischen Teil den Anforderungen genügt, sondern insgesamt so gestaltet ist, daß sich in ihm keine unkontrolliert in den Gasstrom verwirbelnden Staubansammlungen und keine strömungstoten Räume bilden können. Außerdem soll die Gestaltung für alle geforderten Baugrößen möglichst wirtschaftlich ausführbar sein.It is therefore the task of developing the generic dust separator in such a way that it not only meets the requirements in the cylindrical part, but is designed overall in such a way that no accumulations of dust swirling uncontrollably into the gas stream and no flow-dead spaces can form. In addition, the design should be as economical as possible for all required sizes.
Überraschenderweise hat sich herausgestellt, daß alle genannten Anforderungen besonders gut erfüllt werden können, wenn ein Einlaßstutzen vorgesehen wird, der sich in drei konischen Abschnitten vom Querschnitt der Gaszuleitung auf den wenigstens l0 mal größeren Querschnitt des zylindrischen Gehäuses erweitert und der in seinem mittleren konischen Abschnitt drei Gasverteilungslochbleche aufweist.Surprisingly, it has been found that all of the above requirements can be met particularly well if an inlet connector is provided which widens in three conical sections from the cross section of the gas supply line to the at least ten times larger cross section of the cylindrical housing and three in its central conical section Has gas distribution perforated plates.
Ferner wird vorgeschlagen, einen Auslaßstutzen vorzusehen, der sich in drei konischen Abschnitten vom Querschnitt des zylindrischen Gehäuses auf den höchstens l/lO davon betragenden Querschnitt der Gasableitung verengt. In weitere Ausbildung des Erfindungsgedankens ist vorgesehen, daß der Einlaßstutzen ein oder mehrere federbelastete Druckentlastungsklappen aufweist. Eine besonders günstige Gasströmung und Gasverteilung wird in dem erfindungsgemäßen Staubabscheider erreicht, wenn die jeweils kleineren Durchmesser d der konischen Abschnitte des Einlaß- bzw. Auslaßstutzens sich zum Durchmesser D des Gehäuses verhalten wie:
0,24 D ≦d₃ ≦ 0,36 D (vorzugsweise 0,3 D)
0,36 D ≦ d₂ ≦ 0,48 D (vorzugsweise 0,42 D)
0,90 D ≦ d₁ ≦ 0,95 D (vorzugsweise 0,925 D)
und wenn sich die Höhen h der konischen Abschnitte des Ein- und Auslaßstutzens zum Durchmesser D des Gehäuses verhalten wie:
0,075 D ≦ h₃ ≦ 0,l35 D (vorzugsweise 0,l05 D)
0,l20 D ≦ h₂ 0,200 D (vorzugsweise 0,l60 D)
0,045 D ≦ h₁ ≦ 0,075 D (vorzugsweise 0,060 D)Furthermore, it is proposed to provide an outlet connection which narrows in three conical sections from the cross section of the cylindrical housing to the cross section of the gas discharge line of at most 10/10 thereof. In a further embodiment of the inventive concept, it is provided that the inlet connector has one or more spring-loaded pressure relief flaps. A particularly favorable gas flow and gas distribution is achieved in the dust separator according to the invention if the smaller diameters d of the conical sections of the inlet or outlet nozzle relate to the diameter D of the housing, such as:
0.24 D ≦ d₃ ≦ 0.36 D (preferably 0.3 D)
0.36 D ≦ d₂ ≦ 0.48 D (preferably 0.42 D)
0.90 D ≦ d₁ ≦ 0.95 D (preferably 0.925 D)
and if the heights h of the conical sections of the inlet and outlet connections relate to the diameter D of the housing, such as:
0.075 D ≦ h₃ ≦ 0.15 D (preferably 0.15 D)
0.120 D ≦ h₂ 0.200 D (preferably 0.160 D)
0.045 D ≦ h₁ ≦ 0.075 D (preferably 0.060 D)
Das Gasverteilungslochblech, das in der Ebene des Durchmessers d₂ angeordnet ist, hat zweckmäßigerweise einen Querschnitt von 52 bis 60 %, vorzugsweise von 56 %, während die beiden anderen Gasverteilungslochbleche einen freien Querschnitt von 54 bis 62 %, vorzugsweise 58 %, aufweisen sollen. Ferner ist vorgesehen, daß unter den Staubaustragsöffnungen ein geschlossener Staubsammelkanal mit mechanischer Fördereinrichtung sowie mit Querstegen angeordnet ist, durch die die Staubaustragsöffnungen gasseitig gegeneinander abgeschottet sind. Schließlich ist vorgesehen, daß zum Ausgleich von Druckstößen die Gasverteilungslochbleche beweglich aufgehängte Abschnitte aufweisen, die gegen die Gasströmungsrichtung aufpendeln können.The gas distribution perforated plate, which is arranged in the plane of the diameter d₂, advantageously has a cross section of 52 to 60%, preferably 56%, while the other two gas distribution perforated plates should have a free cross section of 54 to 62%, preferably 58%. Furthermore, it is provided that a closed dust collecting duct with a mechanical conveying device and with transverse webs is arranged under the dust discharge openings, through which the dust discharge openings are sealed off from one another on the gas side. Finally is provided that to compensate for pressure surges, the gas distribution perforated plates have movably suspended sections which can swing up against the gas flow direction.
Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile des erfindungsgemäßen Staubabscheiders werden anhand des in den Figuren l bis 7 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert:
- Figur l zeigt einen vertikalen Längsschnitt.
Figur 2 zeigt einen vertikalen Querschnitt.Figur 3 zeigt einen horizontalen Teilschnitt.- Figur 3a zeigt Einzelheiten im Bereich des Staubaustrags.
- Figur 4 zeigt ein Gasverteilungslochblech in Drauf- und Seitenansicht.
Figur 5 zeigt vergrößert ein Detail des Gasverteilungslochbleches.Figur 6 zeigt im einzelnen die Gestaltung des Einlaßstutzens.Figur 7 zeigt die Anordnung der Gasverteilungslochbleche.
- Figure l shows a vertical longitudinal section.
- Figure 2 shows a vertical cross section.
- Figure 3 shows a partial horizontal section.
- Figure 3a shows details in the area of dust discharge.
- Figure 4 shows a gas distribution perforated plate in top and side views.
- Figure 5 shows an enlarged detail of the gas distribution perforated plate.
- Figure 6 shows in detail the design of the inlet connector.
- Figure 7 shows the arrangement of the gas distribution perforated plates.
Der Elektrostatische Staubabscheider für horizontalen Gasdurchgang gemäß Figur l weist ein zylindrisches druckfestes Gehäuse (l) auf, das über Stützen (l9) auf dem Fundament ruht. In diesem Gehäuse (l) sind vertikale plattenförmige Niederschlagselektroden (2) in äquidistanten Abständen parallel zur Hauptachse des Gehäuses (l) angeordnet, die sich entsprechend der jeweiligen Kreissehnenlänge im wesentlichen über die gesamte verfügbare Höhe erstrecken. Zwischen den Niederschlagselektroden (2) sind in Rahmen (l5) gespannte Sprühelektroden (3) vorgesehen. Ferner weist der elektrostatische Staubabscheider um die Gehäuseachse über den unteren, mit Staubaustragsöffnungen (4) versehenen Bereich der Gehäusewandung (5) schwenkbare Kratzeinrichtungen (6) auf. Das zylindrische Gehäuse (l) ist verbunden mit einem Einlaßstutzen (7), der sich in drei konischen Abschnitten (a,b,c) vom Querschnitt der Gaszuleitung auf den wenigstens l0 mal größeren Querschnitt des zylindrischen Gehäuses (l) erweitet und in seinem mittleren konischen Abschnitt (b) drei Gasverteilungslochbleche (8a bis 8c) aufweist. Außerdem ist ein Auslaßstutzen (9) vorgesehen, der sich in drei konischen Abschnitten (c,b,a) vom Querschnitt des zylindrischen Gehäuses (l) auf den höchstens l/l0 davon betragenen Querschnitt der Gasableitung verengt. Am Einlaßstutzen (7) ist eine Druckentlastungsklappe (l0) vorgesehen. Unterhalb des Gehäuses (l) erstreckt sich ein geschlossener Staubsammelkanal (ll) mit mechanischer Fördereinrichtung (l2) sowie mit Querstegen (l3), durch die die Staubaustragsöffnungen (4) gasseitig gegeneinander abgeschottet sind (vergl. auch Figur 3). Die Sprühelektroden (3) sind in Rahmen (l5) gespannt, die ihrerseits über Trageinrichtungen (l7) und Isolatoren (l6) im Gehäuse (l) gelagert sind. Die Kratzeinrichtung (6) ist in Querstegen (l8) drehbar gelagert. Zur Versteifung des Gehäuses (l) sind außerdem kreisförmige Rippen (20) vorgesehen.The electrostatic dust separator for horizontal gas passage according to FIG. 1 has a cylindrical, pressure-resistant housing (l) which rests on the foundation via supports (l9). In this housing (l) vertical plate-shaped precipitation electrodes (2) are arranged at equidistant intervals parallel to the main axis of the housing (l), which correspond to the respective chord length extend substantially over the entire available height. Spray electrodes (3) tensioned in frames (15) are provided between the precipitation electrodes (2). Furthermore, the electrostatic dust separator has scraper devices (6) which can be pivoted about the housing axis via the lower region of the housing wall (5) provided with dust discharge openings (4). The cylindrical housing (l) is connected to an inlet connection (7) which in three conical sections (a, b, c) widens from the cross section of the gas supply line to the at least 10 times larger cross section of the cylindrical housing (l) and in its middle conical section (b) has three gas distribution perforated plates (8a to 8c). In addition, an outlet connection (9) is provided, which narrows in three conical sections (c, b, a) from the cross section of the cylindrical housing (l) to the cross section of the gas discharge line of at most l / l0 thereof. A pressure relief flap (l0) is provided on the inlet connection (7). Below the housing (l) there is a closed dust collecting duct (ll) with a mechanical conveyor (l2) and with transverse webs (l3) through which the dust discharge openings (4) are sealed off from one another on the gas side (see also FIG. 3). The spray electrodes (3) are clamped in frames (l5), which in turn are mounted in the housing (l) via support devices (l7) and insulators (l6). The scraper device (6) is rotatably mounted in transverse webs (18). Circular ribs (20) are also provided to stiffen the housing (l).
Aus Figur 2 ergibt sich deutlich, wie die Kratzeinrichtung (6) drehbar im Quersteg (l8) gelagert ist und über den unteren, mit Staubaustragsöffnung versehenen Bereich der Gehäusewandung (5) geschwenkt werden kann.It is clear from FIG. 2 how the scraper device (6) is rotatably mounted in the transverse web (18) and can be pivoted over the lower area of the housing wall (5) provided with a dust discharge opening.
Während die geerdeten Niederschlagselektroden (2) direkt im Gehäuse (l) aufgehängt sind, werden die an Hochspannung liegenden, in Rahmen gespannten Sprühelektroden (3) über Trageinrichtungen (l7) und Isolatoren (l6) abgetragen. Das durch Rippen (20) verstärkte Gehäuse (l) ruht seinerseits über die Stützen (l9) auf dem Fundament.While the earthed precipitation electrodes (2) are suspended directly in the housing (l), the spray electrodes (3), which are connected to high voltage and are clamped in frames, are removed via support devices (l7) and insulators (l6). The housing (l) reinforced by ribs (20) in turn rests on the foundations via the supports (l9).
In Figur 3 sind deutlich die Staubaustragsöffnungen (4) zu erkennen, die im unteren Teil des Gehäuses (l) angeordnet sind, das zusammen mit dem Einlaß- und Auslaßstutzen (7,9) die äußere Kontur des elektrostatischen Staubabscheiders bestimmt. In Figur 3a gemäß Schnitt a-a nach Figur 3 ist vereinfacht die im Staubsammelkanal (ll) angeordnete Fördereinrichtung (l2) dargestellt. Sie besteht im wesentlichen aus einer endlosen umlaufenden Kette (22), an der sich quer zur Förderrichtung erstreckende Schaber (2l) befestigt sind. Die Kette ist seitlich angeordneten Stegen (23) gelagert und wird mittels eines nicht dargestellten Antriebs bewegt. Der durch die Staubaustragsöffnungen (4) nach unten austretende Staub wird mittels der an der Kette (22) befestigten Schaber (2l) nach rechts gefördert und letztlich aus dem Staubsammelkanal ausgetragen (nicht dargestellt). Zwischen oberem und unterem Trumm der Kette befinden sich im Staubsammelkanal außerdem Querstege (l3), wodurch in Verbindung mit der Staubfüllung im Staubsammelkanal und den Schabern (2l) die Staubaustragsöffnung (4) gasseitig gegeneinander abgeschottet sind. Das Gasverteilungsblech (8) gemäß Figur 4 besitzt eine Reihe von Abschnitten (l4), die in der Weise pendelnd aufgehängt sind, daß sie durch die normale Gasströmung gegen Anschläge in vertikaler Stellung gehalten werden, im Falle eines plötzlichen Druckanstiegs im elektrostatischen Staubabscheider aber entgegen der Gasströmungsrichtung aufpendeln können und so für einen raschen Druckabbau sorgen (vergl. Seitenansicht).In Figure 3, the dust discharge openings (4) can be clearly seen, which are arranged in the lower part of the housing (l), which together with the inlet and outlet nozzle (7,9) determines the outer contour of the electrostatic dust separator. In FIG. 3a according to section aa according to FIG. 3, the conveying device (l2) arranged in the dust collecting duct (II) is shown in simplified form. It consists essentially of an endless chain (22), to which scrapers (2l) extending transversely to the conveying direction are attached. The chain is mounted on laterally arranged webs (23) and is moved by means of a drive, not shown. The dust emerging down through the dust discharge openings (4) is conveyed to the right by means of the scrapers (2l) attached to the chain (22) and ultimately discharged from the dust collection duct (not shown). There are also transverse webs (l3) between the upper and lower run of the chain in the dust collecting duct, which, in connection with the dust filling in the dust collecting duct and the scrapers (2l), isolates the dust discharge opening (4) from one another on the gas side. The gas distribution plate (8) according to Figure 4 has a number of sections (l4) which are suspended in such a manner that they are held in a vertical position by the normal gas flow against stops, but in the event of a sudden pressure increase in the electrostatic dust separator Can level off the gas flow direction and thus ensure a rapid reduction in pressure (see side view).
Aus Figur 5 ist ersichtlich, wie die Gasdurchtrittsöffnungen im Gasverteilungslochblech zweckmäßigerweise gestaltet werden können.It can be seen from FIG. 5 how the gas passage openings in the gas distribution perforated plate can expediently be designed.
In Figur 6 ist der Staubabscheider mit Gehäuse (l), Einlaß- und Auslaßstutzen (7,9) noch einmal vereinfacht dargestellt, um die erfindungsgemäß wichtige Abstufung der Durchmesser d bzw. der Höhen h der einzelnen konischen Teile zu verdeutlichen. Man ersieht daraus, daß Einlaß- und Auslaßstutzen (7,9) im Rahmen der in Anspruch 4 und 5 angegebenen Verhältnisse im wesentlichen gleichartig ausgebildet werden können.In FIG. 6, the dust separator with housing (1), inlet and outlet connection (7, 9) is again shown in simplified form in order to illustrate the gradation of the diameter d and the height h of the individual conical parts, which is important according to the invention. It can be seen from this that the inlet and outlet connections (7, 9) can be designed essentially in the same way within the scope of the conditions specified in
In Figur 7 ist noch einmal angedeutet, wie die Gasverteilungslochbleche (8a bis 8c) im mittleren Abschnitt (b) des Einlaßstutzens angeordnet sind. Danach sind die Gasverteilungslochbleche (8a und 8c) jeweils etwa im kleinsten und größten Durchmesser dieses Abschnittes (b) angeordnet, während das Gasverteilungslochblech (8b) genau zwischen ihnen liegt, so daß zwischen den Gasverteilungslochblechen in Gasströmungsrichtung gleichgroße Abstände bestehen.FIG. 7 again shows how the gas distribution perforated plates (8a to 8c) are arranged in the middle section (b) of the inlet connector. Thereafter, the gas distribution perforated plates (8a and 8c) are each arranged approximately in the smallest and largest diameter of this section (b), while the gas distribution perforated plate (8b) lies exactly between them, so that there are equally large gaps between the gas distribution perforated plates in the gas flow direction.
Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Staubabscheider wird eine, nicht nur hinsichtlich der eingangs genannten speziellen Funktionen, optimale, konstruktive Lösung vorgeschlagen, es wird auch ein Weg aufgezeigt, wie insbesondere die bei großen Durchmessern sehr aufwendige Herstellung der Eintritts- und Austrittsstutzen besonders wirtschaftlich ausgeführt werden kann. Vielfach werden dafür sogenannte Klöpper-Böden vorgesehen, deren Herstellung entsprechend große Arbeitsvorrichtungen erfordert, ohne daß deren gerundete Form Vorteile für die Gasführung mit sich brächte. Die erfindungsgemäß vorzusehenden Konusteile können dagegen bis zu praktisch beliebigen Durchmessern aus einzelnen, ggfs. nur schwach umgeformten und durch Schweißen miteinander verbundene Blechabschnitte hergestellt werden.With the dust separator according to the invention, an optimal, constructive solution is proposed, not only with regard to the special functions mentioned at the beginning, it also shows a way in which, in particular, the very complex manufacture of the inlet and outlet nozzles with large diameters can be carried out particularly economically. So-called dished ends are often provided for this purpose, the manufacture of which requires correspondingly large working devices without the rounded shape having advantages for the gas flow. The cone parts to be provided according to the invention can, on the other hand, be made up to practically any diameter from individual, possibly only weakly formed and joined together by welding sheet metal sections.
Claims (8)
0,24 D ≦ d₃ ≦ 0,36 D (vorzugsweise 0,3 D)
0,36 D ≦ d₂ ≦ 0,48 D (vorzugsweise 0,42 D)
0,90 D ≦ d₁ ≦ 0,95 D (vorzugsweise 0,925 D)4. Electrostatic dust collector according to one of claims l to 3, characterized in that the respectively smaller diameter d of the conical sections (a, b, c) of the inlet or outlet nozzle (7,9) to the diameter D of the housing (l ) behave like:
0.24 D ≦ d₃ ≦ 0.36 D (preferably 0.3 D)
0.36 D ≦ d₂ ≦ 0.48 D (preferably 0.42 D)
0.90 D ≦ d₁ ≦ 0.95 D (preferably 0.925 D)
0,075 D ≦ h₃ ≦ 0,l35 D (vorzugsweise O,l5 D)
0,l20 D ≦ h₂ ≦ 0,200 D (vorzugsweise 0,l60 D)
0,045 D ≦ h₁ ≦ 0,075 D (vorzugsweise 0,060 D)5. Electrostatic dust collector according to one of claims l to 4, characterized in that the heights h of the conical sections (a, b, c) of the inlet and outlet nozzle (7,9) to the diameter D of the housing (l) behave as :
0.075 D ≦ h₃ ≦ 0.15 D (preferably O, L5 D)
0.120 D ≦ h₂ ≦ 0.200 D (preferably 0.160 D)
0.045 D ≦ h₁ ≦ 0.075 D (preferably 0.060 D)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT87109099T ATE50436T1 (en) | 1986-07-05 | 1987-06-24 | ELECTROSTATIC DUST COLLECTOR. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19863622699 DE3622699A1 (en) | 1986-07-05 | 1986-07-05 | ELECTROSTATIC DUST SEPARATOR |
DE3622699 | 1986-07-05 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0252371A1 true EP0252371A1 (en) | 1988-01-13 |
EP0252371B1 EP0252371B1 (en) | 1990-02-21 |
Family
ID=6304523
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP87109099A Expired - Lifetime EP0252371B1 (en) | 1986-07-05 | 1987-06-24 | Electrostatic dust separator |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0252371B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS6323759A (en) |
KR (1) | KR950002794B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1014497B (en) |
AT (1) | ATE50436T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU590095B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR8703402A (en) |
DD (1) | DD260874A5 (en) |
DE (2) | DE3622699A1 (en) |
IN (1) | IN165150B (en) |
PL (1) | PL152427B1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU1809782C (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001094023A1 (en) * | 2000-06-06 | 2001-12-13 | Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh & Co. | Electrostatic dust separator |
DE102009060254A1 (en) | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-13 | Sms Elex Ag | electrostatic precipitator |
WO2011003614A1 (en) | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-13 | Sms Elex Ag | Electrostatic filter |
EP3156132A1 (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2017-04-19 | RWE Power AG | Method and device for filtering coal dust from exhaust steam from the coal drying process |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3211032B2 (en) * | 1991-08-02 | 2001-09-25 | 株式会社エルデック | Electric dust collector |
CN105797856B (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2017-11-28 | 长兴友邦电器有限公司 | A kind of band communication and the high voltage electrostatic dust precipitator of monitoring function |
CN105674428B (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2018-06-22 | 宁德深蓝科技环保有限公司 | A kind of small size air cleaner |
CN106622664B (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-11-10 | 浙江万源环保机械科技有限公司 | Electric cleaner |
CN110180678B (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2021-01-15 | 北京圣喻环保科技有限公司 | Oil smoke purifies degerming equipment |
CN114189130B (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2022-05-13 | 武汉尚科从信科技有限公司 | Photovoltaic power generation grid-connected inverter |
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DE520710C (en) * | 1925-01-14 | 1931-03-13 | Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges | Device for dividing the gas flow entering an electrical cleaning chamber |
GB922730A (en) * | 1961-01-07 | 1963-04-03 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | A baflle arrangement in an electrostatic precipitator |
GB1153028A (en) * | 1966-10-28 | 1969-05-21 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Gas Flow Equalization device for an Electrostatic Precipitator |
LU60134A1 (en) * | 1969-01-07 | 1970-03-06 |
-
1986
- 1986-07-05 DE DE19863622699 patent/DE3622699A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1987
- 1987-06-24 AT AT87109099T patent/ATE50436T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-06-24 DE DE8787109099T patent/DE3761721D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-06-24 EP EP87109099A patent/EP0252371B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-07-02 IN IN513/CAL/87A patent/IN165150B/en unknown
- 1987-07-03 BR BR8703402A patent/BR8703402A/en unknown
- 1987-07-03 DD DD87304597A patent/DD260874A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-07-03 PL PL1987266621A patent/PL152427B1/en unknown
- 1987-07-03 AU AU75095/87A patent/AU590095B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1987-07-03 RU SU874202953A patent/RU1809782C/en active
- 1987-07-04 JP JP62167652A patent/JPS6323759A/en active Granted
- 1987-07-04 CN CN87104610A patent/CN1014497B/en not_active Expired
- 1987-07-04 KR KR1019870007189A patent/KR950002794B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (5)
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LU33429A1 (en) * | ||||
DE520710C (en) * | 1925-01-14 | 1931-03-13 | Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges | Device for dividing the gas flow entering an electrical cleaning chamber |
GB922730A (en) * | 1961-01-07 | 1963-04-03 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | A baflle arrangement in an electrostatic precipitator |
GB1153028A (en) * | 1966-10-28 | 1969-05-21 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Gas Flow Equalization device for an Electrostatic Precipitator |
LU60134A1 (en) * | 1969-01-07 | 1970-03-06 |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001094023A1 (en) * | 2000-06-06 | 2001-12-13 | Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh & Co. | Electrostatic dust separator |
AT409347B (en) * | 2000-06-06 | 2002-07-25 | Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen | ELECTROSTATIC DUST SEPARATOR |
US7022166B2 (en) | 2000-06-06 | 2006-04-04 | Voest - Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh & Co. | Electrostatic dust separator |
KR100735174B1 (en) * | 2000-06-06 | 2007-07-03 | 지멘스 브이에이아이 메탈스 테크놀로지스 게엠베하 앤드 컴퍼니 | Electrostatic dust separator |
DE102009060254A1 (en) | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-13 | Sms Elex Ag | electrostatic precipitator |
WO2011003610A1 (en) | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-13 | Sms Elex Aktiengesellschaft | Electrostatic filter |
WO2011003614A1 (en) | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-13 | Sms Elex Ag | Electrostatic filter |
DE102010021233A1 (en) | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-13 | Sms Elex Ag | electrostatic precipitator |
EP3156132A1 (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2017-04-19 | RWE Power AG | Method and device for filtering coal dust from exhaust steam from the coal drying process |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR880001332A (en) | 1988-04-22 |
CN87104610A (en) | 1988-03-23 |
KR950002794B1 (en) | 1995-03-27 |
DE3622699A1 (en) | 1988-01-14 |
AU7509587A (en) | 1988-01-07 |
EP0252371B1 (en) | 1990-02-21 |
DD260874A5 (en) | 1988-10-12 |
AU590095B2 (en) | 1989-10-26 |
CN1014497B (en) | 1991-10-30 |
PL266621A1 (en) | 1988-07-21 |
JPS6323759A (en) | 1988-02-01 |
RU1809782C (en) | 1993-04-15 |
BR8703402A (en) | 1988-03-22 |
ATE50436T1 (en) | 1990-03-15 |
IN165150B (en) | 1989-08-19 |
DE3761721D1 (en) | 1990-03-29 |
JPH0221864B2 (en) | 1990-05-16 |
PL152427B1 (en) | 1990-12-31 |
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