DE833798C - Process for preventing disruptive space charges in electrostatic precipitators - Google Patents

Process for preventing disruptive space charges in electrostatic precipitators

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Publication number
DE833798C
DE833798C DEM5045A DEM0005045A DE833798C DE 833798 C DE833798 C DE 833798C DE M5045 A DEM5045 A DE M5045A DE M0005045 A DEM0005045 A DE M0005045A DE 833798 C DE833798 C DE 833798C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
gas
cleaned
space charges
electrostatic precipitators
electrical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEM5045A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dr-Ing Hermann Schnitzler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GEA Group AG
Original Assignee
Metallgesellschaft AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Metallgesellschaft AG filed Critical Metallgesellschaft AG
Priority to DEM5045A priority Critical patent/DE833798C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE833798C publication Critical patent/DE833798C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/38Particle charging or ionising stations, e.g. using electric discharge, radioactive radiation or flames

Description

lki HIlektrofiltern mit feinem Staub oder Nebel in dein zu reinigen-den Gas wurde beobachtet, (laß eine sehr geringe Stromaufnahrne zustande kommt und infolgedessen dieVerweilzeitimAbscheidungsfeld zwecks Erzielung einer guten Reinigung verhältnismäßig groß sein muß. Diese Erscheinung hat ihre Ursache darin, daß der Strom infolge de r holten Raumladung herabgesetzt wird, und die Teilchen oder Tröpfchen nur eine geringe Landung erhalten. was züi kleinen Wanderungsgeschwirtdigkeiten führt. Uni dem abzuhelfen, wird gemäß der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, in das Gebiet der Raumladung genügend Gasionen hineinzubringen, die für eine große Teilchenladung sorgen und bei gleicher oder besserer Reinigung kürzere VerNveilzeiten und damit kleinere FlIterabmessungen ermi#glichen.Iki trickle filters with fine dust or mist in the gas to be cleaned has been observed (allow very little current consumption to occur and consequently the dwell time in the separation field must be relatively long in order to achieve good cleaning. This phenomenon is due to the fact that the current is caused by the The space charge is reduced, and the particles or droplets only land a little, which leads to small migration speeds. To remedy this, it is proposed according to the invention to introduce enough gas ions into the area of the space charge, which cause a large particle charge and contribute the same or better cleaning enables shorter dwell times and thus smaller filter dimensions.

Die Gasionen können auf verschiedene Art erzeugt werden. Im Filtereintritt wird beispielsweise gemäß Abb. i durch feine Spitzen i entgegen der Gasströmung in Richtung auf ein Lochblech 2 0. dgl. eine starke Sprühentladung aufrechterhalten. In dieser Zone werden die Staub- oder Nebeltellchen aufgeladen, Nvozu bekanntlich Zeiten von nur einigen hundertstel Sekunden genügen, und durch den Gasstrom rasch aus dieser Sprühstrecke entfernt. Auf dies,- Weise kann in dieser Zone keine nennenswerte Staubraumladung auftreten und die SI) * rühciitladung ungestört fortbestehen., In dein unmittelbar anschließenden Filter mit den Elektroden 3. 4 werden die jetzt bis zur Sättigung aufgeladenen Teilchen wesentlich schneller abgeschieden, als ohne vorherige Aufladung. Gleichzeitig wird durch die Vorionisierung bei 1, 2 der Strom im Filter selbst vergrößert, da die Teilchen jetzt größere Wandürungsgeschwindigkeiten haben, so daß sich keine derart ausgesprochene Raumladung ausbilden kann, daß die Sprühentladung im Filter zum Erliegen kommen könnte. Die Hochspannungsquelle kann für die Haupt- und Hilfsentladung - gemeinsam oder getrennt sein.The gas ions can be generated in various ways. In the filter inlet a strong corona discharge, for example, as shown in Fig. I i through fine tips against the gas flow in the direction of a perforated plate 2 0. like. Maintained. In this zone the dust or mist particles are charged, times of only a few hundredths of a second are known to be sufficient, and are quickly removed from this spray section by the gas flow. In this - way in this zone no significant dust space charge can occur and the SI) * rühciitladung undisturbed persist in your immediately following filter with the electrodes 3 4 is now up to the saturation charged particles are deposited much faster than without charge. . At the same time, the pre-ionization at 1, 2 increases the current in the filter itself, since the particles now have greater walling speeds, so that no space charge can develop in such a way that the spray discharge in the filter could come to a standstill. The high voltage source can be used for the main and auxiliary discharge - be together or separately.

Nach Abb. 2 kann die gemäß der Erfindung notwendige Ionenwolke durch Abzweigung eines Teilstromes 5 aus dein Reingas gewonnen werden. Dieser Teilstrom durchströmt eine Ionisationskammer 6 (Sprühdrähte o. dgl.) mit großer GeschNvindigkeit, die V##r\\eilmit so gerii i ' - ' ist, daß keine merkliche (1,ur Gasionen erfolgen kann. Diese loileinvollw wird über di,-Leitun-7 dem Rohgas beigenlischt.According to Fig. 2, the ion cloud required according to the invention can be obtained from the clean gas by branching off a partial flow 5. This partial stream flows through an ionization chamber (o spray wires like..) Of 6 with great GeschNvindigkeit, the V ## r \\ eilmit so gerii i - is that it can no appreciable (1, ur gas ions carried This is loileinvollw about di, ''. -Leitun-7 added to the raw gas.

Die Gasionen können auch durch eine Flamme oder einen glühenden l#)ralit urzeul(#t werden mit der Maßgabe, daß die lonen eines Vorzeichens ausgesiebt werden, so daß dem zu reinigenden Gasstrom nur Ionen eitwr Polarit"it unmittelbar vor dem Eintritt 1 in daz Elektrofilter zugemischt g 1 werden.The gas ions can also be urzeul (#t by a flame or a glowing l #) ralit (#t with the proviso that the ions of a sign are sifted out, so that the gas flow to be cleaned only ions of polarity immediately before the entry 1 into the same Electrostatic precipitators are admixed with g 1 .

Der Sprühstrorn des Elcktrofilters kann zur Steuerung der Hochspanining der Hilfseritladung bz,w. zur Regelung der Flammen- oder Drahttemperatur benutzt werden, so (laß init sinkendem Sprühstrom die Spannung erhöht bzw. die Flammen- oder Dralitteinperatur gesteigert wird.The spray flow of the Elcktrofilter can be used to control the high-chiping the auxiliary cargo or w. used to regulate the flame or wire temperature (let the voltage increase or the flame or Dralitteinperatur is increased.

Weiter besteht die Möglichkeit, die Hochspannung des Elektrofilters beim M)sinken des Sprühstromes gemeinsam init odcr getrennt von der Spannung der Ililfsciitlarltlii" züi erhöhen.There is also the possibility of increasing the high voltage of the electrostatic precipitator when the spray current drops together with or separately from the voltage of the auxiliary filter.

Claims (2)

PATEN TANS 1111, CCHE: i. Verfahren zur Verhinderung störender Raumladungen in Elektrofiltern mit feinem Staub oder Nel-,el in Drum zu reinigenden Gas, dadurch gekennzeichnet, (laß das Gas vor oder beim Eintritt in das elektrische .,#1)schei(luiiu,;-feld vorionisiert wird. PATEN TANS 1111, CCHE: i. Method for preventing disruptive space charges in electrostatic precipitators with fine dust or nel-, el in drum gas to be cleaned, characterized in that (let the gas be pre-ionized before or when entering the electrical., # 1) (luiiu,; - field. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch i, dadurch glekennzeichnet, (laß die Vorionisierung durch eine kurze Sprühstrecke (l. 2) erfolgt. 3. Verfahren nach _\ii.spruch i. dadurch ge-21 kennzeichnet, daß dic zur Verhinderung der Raumladung notwendi.,gen Gasionen außerhalb des Gasstromes (1,es Elektrofilters in einem dein Reingas entnommenen Teilstrorn oder in einem Zusatzgasstrom durch elektrische Entladung erzeugt und dem zu reinigenden Gas vor Eintritt in das elektrische Abscheidungsfeld beigemischt werden. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch i, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorionisierung durch Flammen oder einen -hilienden Draht erfol-t in der Weise, daß dein zu reinigenden Gasstrom nur Ionen einer Polarität vor Eintritt in das Elektrofilter zugeinischt Nverden.2. The method according to claim i, characterized in that the pre-ionization takes place through a short spray section (l. 2). 3. The method according to _ \ ii.spruch i. , gene gas ions outside the gas flow (1, it electrostatic precipitator in a partial flow taken from your clean gas or in an additional gas flow generated by electrical discharge and added to the gas to be cleaned before entry into the electrical deposition field. 4. The method according to claim i, characterized in that the pre-ionization by flames or an auxiliary wire takes place in such a way that the gas stream to be cleaned only adds ions of one polarity before entering the electrostatic precipitator.
DEM5045A 1950-07-05 1950-07-05 Process for preventing disruptive space charges in electrostatic precipitators Expired DE833798C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEM5045A DE833798C (en) 1950-07-05 1950-07-05 Process for preventing disruptive space charges in electrostatic precipitators

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEM5045A DE833798C (en) 1950-07-05 1950-07-05 Process for preventing disruptive space charges in electrostatic precipitators

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE833798C true DE833798C (en) 1952-03-13

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DEM5045A Expired DE833798C (en) 1950-07-05 1950-07-05 Process for preventing disruptive space charges in electrostatic precipitators

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DE (1) DE833798C (en)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1103899B (en) * 1957-09-25 1961-04-06 Appbau Rothemuehle Arrangement for the discharge of dust particles with a high pre-charge in electrical gas cleaning systems
DE1285986B (en) * 1961-12-15 1969-01-02 Omnical Ges Fuer Kessel Und Ap Electric dust extractor with nebulizer
US3827217A (en) * 1971-12-31 1974-08-06 Commissariat Energie Atomique Electrostatic precipitator for the collection of particles contained in a gas
US3853750A (en) * 1971-12-31 1974-12-10 Commissariat Energie Atomique Method and device for the collection of particles in a gas with particle-size separation
FR2282942A1 (en) * 1974-08-29 1976-03-26 Maxwell Lab METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATION OF PARTICLES IN A GAS
FR2282943A1 (en) * 1974-08-29 1976-03-26 Maxwell Lab ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATION OF PARTICLES OF DIFFERENT SIZES FROM A GASEOUS MEDIUM
US4029485A (en) * 1975-08-08 1977-06-14 Ab S.T. Miljoteknik Gas cleaners
US4108615A (en) * 1977-04-07 1978-08-22 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Vaned anode for high-intensity ionizer stage of electrostatic precipitator
DE2810735A1 (en) * 1977-03-16 1978-09-28 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd ELECTRONIC AIR PURIFYING DEVICE
WO1987006501A1 (en) * 1986-04-21 1987-11-05 Astra-Vent Ab An arrangement for generating an electric corona discharge in air
US5922111A (en) * 1994-08-30 1999-07-13 Omi Kogyo Co., Ltd. Electrostatic precipitator

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1103899B (en) * 1957-09-25 1961-04-06 Appbau Rothemuehle Arrangement for the discharge of dust particles with a high pre-charge in electrical gas cleaning systems
DE1285986B (en) * 1961-12-15 1969-01-02 Omnical Ges Fuer Kessel Und Ap Electric dust extractor with nebulizer
US3827217A (en) * 1971-12-31 1974-08-06 Commissariat Energie Atomique Electrostatic precipitator for the collection of particles contained in a gas
US3853750A (en) * 1971-12-31 1974-12-10 Commissariat Energie Atomique Method and device for the collection of particles in a gas with particle-size separation
FR2282942A1 (en) * 1974-08-29 1976-03-26 Maxwell Lab METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATION OF PARTICLES IN A GAS
FR2282943A1 (en) * 1974-08-29 1976-03-26 Maxwell Lab ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATION OF PARTICLES OF DIFFERENT SIZES FROM A GASEOUS MEDIUM
US4029485A (en) * 1975-08-08 1977-06-14 Ab S.T. Miljoteknik Gas cleaners
DE2810735A1 (en) * 1977-03-16 1978-09-28 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd ELECTRONIC AIR PURIFYING DEVICE
US4108615A (en) * 1977-04-07 1978-08-22 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Vaned anode for high-intensity ionizer stage of electrostatic precipitator
WO1987006501A1 (en) * 1986-04-21 1987-11-05 Astra-Vent Ab An arrangement for generating an electric corona discharge in air
US5922111A (en) * 1994-08-30 1999-07-13 Omi Kogyo Co., Ltd. Electrostatic precipitator

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