DE102006060266A1 - Muffler for gas carrying systems, comprises muffler chamber, having gas outlet and carries gas over inlet pipe, which meets in funnel section, which forwards flowing gas - Google Patents

Abstract

The muffler comprises a muffler chamber (2) with a gas outlet (4) and carries a gas over an inlet pipe (3). The inlet pipe meets in a funnel section (9), which forwards the flowing gas, where a flow cross section of the funnel section is steadily increased. A truncated cone-shaped sleeve section (10) is connected at the funnel section on a peripheral area.

Description

The The invention relates to a silencer for gas leading systems with a sound insulation chamber, which over an inlet pipe is supplied gas and which a gas outlet has, over which the gas is discharged again.

silencers, In particular, such exhaust gas-conducting systems usually exist from a metal housing into which an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe open. The inside ends of the pipes may be partially perforated. The interior of the housing consists of one room or several chambers, which are blinded or baffles separated from each other and pipes together are connected. The walls of the room or the individual Chambers can also have a coating of sound insulation materials exhibit. It is known for soundproofing and for the change of the noise spectrum (Sound) to apply a series of different measures. For example, the withdrawal of kinetic energy by enlargement the flow cross-section and by the incorporation of flow resistance to name as well as the flow or sound conduction or their influence by means of perforated pipes, nozzles and diffusers. The insulation and sound properties can However, due to the accumulation of liquid (condensate) change in the muffler. Liquid accumulations lead to a reduction of the muffler volume, change the acoustic impedance and the natural frequency. The deposit more solid Substances (particles) in the muffler or changes the muffler shape by thermal material expansion also lead to impairment of the desired Sound attenuation result.

silencer can be manufactured as cylindrical housings. The production is simple and offers in terms of the required Construction volume a small surface. In comparison to cupped Casing can be cylindrical housing, however worse to adapt to the available installation space. Cupped Housings, however, tend to sound radiation and must therefore stiffened by ribs or beads or with respect their natural eigenmodes are changed. The connection of the muffler plays in terms of on the vibration and structure-borne sound transmission a significant role.

The Housing of a muffler is for reasons the sound and vibration damping usually stiff and self-supporting executed. An embodiment of the input and the output tube as the load-bearing component saves weight in the area of the muffler housing leads but to an adverse behavior regarding sound, Vibrations and thermal stresses.

The flow pipe of a muffler can be closed, or to support pressure equalization or the pressure equalization or turbulence formation for effective convection cooling of the gas be perforated. The insertion of holes and the double-walled Construction of these pipes mean increased effort in the pipe production. In addition, caused by the perforation effect Vortex next to the desired turbulent mixing the pipe flow also unwanted stimulation of airborne and structure-borne noise (whistling).

In order to reduce the Schalllabstrahlung on the muffler housing has been proposed to use sheet metal coil as a housing shell ( DE 2005 013 780 ). The production and material costs are of course much higher in relation to a single-walled, uninsulated housing design. The additionally used material requires not only higher costs but also a higher component weight and requires additional space.

Of these, Based on the object of the invention, a muffler for gas leading systems, in which the aforementioned adverse effects are reduced.

These Task is with a silencer with the characteristics of Patent claim 1 solved.

advantageous Further developments of the inventive concept are the subject of the dependent claims.

In the case of the silencer according to the invention, the greatest importance has been attached to "flowing" transitions within the soundproofing chamber. The inlet pipe therefore opens into a hopper section of a soundproofing chamber, which further forwards the inflowing gas, in which the flow cross-section continuously increases. With a rounded transition closes at this funnel portion at least on a peripheral portion of truncated cone-shaped shell section. The transitions of the funnel portion to the input tube and the shell portion are fluid, that is rounded and possibly so that no jumps occur in these areas.

Of the Term "silencer" in the sense of claim 1 is not limited to exhaust silencer. It can also be a supply air muffler or air chamber act. In these embodiments of a muffler opens the inlet pipe in an air filter, a blower or an air conditioner, while the exhaust duct is a machine or supplying a room with air. It can be with the muffler also around the gas-carrying coating of oxidation catalysts and reactors are acting. In this case, the supply air duct with a Thermal insulation (eg air gap insulation) between exhaust gas and ambient air provided. The gas guide encloses a catalytic material (eg as a monolith) or a device for the reduction of z. As nitrogen oxides. Also the use as Particulate filter is conceivable. In this case, the outlet channel opens in a component of the exhaust system (eg, another silencer). In the gas supply can be a dust-collecting material (Surface or depth filter) or a dust-collecting Device (cyclone, classifier, electrostatic precipitator) can be arranged. It But it can also be a gas, exhaust and exhaust gas recirculation cooler act, wherein the outlet channel in another component the gas-bearing plant opens. The gas supply or the inlet pipe should be cooled and is with a profile for enlarging the outer surface Mistake.

als Lösung einer quadratischen Gleichung des Kosinus-Satzes. Hierbei sind:

• R der Radius des Mantelabschnitts als senkrechter Abstand des Mantels von der Mittellängsachse des Eingangsrohrs;
• φ der Spiralwinkel um den Punkt P als Arcus Tangens aus dem Verhältnis des Vielfachen von dem Radius r des Eingangsrohrs und dem Radius R des Mantelabschnitts, wobei
  
  mit dem variablen Faktor x;
• c der polare Abstand des Graphen der Spirale (Funktion) von dem Punkt P.

The geometry of the funnel section has a significant influence on the properties of the silencer. The funnel section is designed to be convex in the flow direction and curved in such a way that the wavefront of the gas flow entering the jacket section from the funnel section has the least possible curvature. This can be achieved in that the rotationally symmetrical subregions of the funnel section result from a rotation of an S-shaped curve about the central longitudinal axis of the input tube, wherein a funnel-opening angle of the funnel section is at least partially in a range of 5/6 · π = 150 ° to π = 180 °. Preferably, the funnel opening angle is greater than 160 ° and in particular greater than 170 °, at least in a partial region of the funnel section. The S-shaped curve may be constructed as part of a cycloid and a spiral that extends asymptotically from the edge line of the input tube from any point (P) on the skirt portion. The following functions apply to the spiral:

as a solution of a quadratic equation of the cosine theorem. Here are:

• R is the radius of the shell portion as a vertical distance of the shell from the central longitudinal axis of the input tube;
• φ the spiral angle around the point P as an arc tangent from the ratio of the multiple of the radius r of the input tube and the radius R of the shell portion, where
  
  with the variable factor x;
• c is the polar distance of the graph of the spiral (function) from the point P.

The Function f (φ) can be overlaid as shear which is a non-zero shear angle δ (delta) the vertical connection between the point P on the shell portion and the central longitudinal axis of the input pipe. Of the Shear angle δ can be a value between 0 ° and 1/3 · π = 60 °.

In the technical embodiment, the S-shaped curve resulting from the function f (φ) with or without shear may have deviations from the graph. The deviations can lie within a tolerance band with a width of up to 5% of the radius R on both sides of the graph ( 10 and 11 ).

by virtue of the boundary condition that transitions to the input pipe and be as gentle and rounded as possible to the mantle section should, the S-shaped curve results as the basis of rotationally symmetric Subareas.

One Another important factor is the cone angle of the shell section. The cone angle must not be too large, so that under the sound and flow conditions according to the invention Noises and stalls are avoided. The delay The gas velocity must therefore not be too high. It is Therefore, provided that the cone angle of the shell portion before preferably less than π / 4 = 45 °. It is preferably located in a range between π / 6 = 30 ° and π / 4 = 45 °.

Of the Sheath section ends in a the input tube opposite lying bottom, which seen in the flow direction concave is executed curved. The central longitudinal axis of the input pipe meets the ground. Overall, therefore, both the bottom as well as the shell portion and the funnel portion at least partially rotationally symmetrical to the central longitudinal axis configured the input tube. It is basically possible, both the entire floor and the shell section as well as to make the funnel section rotationally symmetrical as a whole, However, this sets the necessary installation space for one such silencer ahead. However, it has been shown that the desired benefits of the invention Silencer already come to fruition when subregions the shell section including the funnel section and the soil are flattened. For example, it may be the inventively designed truncated cone-shaped Peripheral area also act around a half truncated cone.

decisive for the total volume of the muffler is however not only the sizing of the funnel section, the Sheath section and the floor limited soundproofing chamber, but the design of an outer shell surrounding the soundproofing chamber, in which the soundproofing chamber is floating. The outer shell can by embossed beads, applied ribs or stiffened by a multi-layered coat be. Between the soundproofing chamber and the outer shell is a gap space exists with gas or with a porous one Material is filled for sound insulation. The bearing Connection between the soundproofing chamber and the outer shell, especially in the area of the inlet tube, form metal strips (Spring or corrugated sheet), arranged in brush form fibers or elastic expansion elements, which at the same time as compensators for the thermal expansion in the longitudinal and transverse directions serve. Sound bridges are made by the floating storage avoided.

at A passive muffler may have the gap between the soundproofing chamber and the outer shell as a Helmholtz resonator or as filled with a porous material Sound absorbers are used. With an active silencer The outer shell acts as a speaker box, which the Sound on the back of an active silencer absorbed existing bipolar radiating membrane.

The Housing itself can with the support structure in particular the of a motor vehicle via elastic suspensions or so-called constant hangers are connected, which in an advantageous manner at the by the center of gravity or pivot of the Silencer extending horizontal axis are attached.

The the sound absorbing chamber gas flowing over a gas outlet derived again, which is in the installation position the bottom of the muffler is located. For reasons the flow and sound guidance can be the gas outlet be surrounded by a rim or collar. The gas outlet itself can with be provided a cover, which is part of the outer shell Here is a protection against touching possible active or warm components of the muffler and to prevent the ingress of dust and moisture. moreover If possible, the sound in the area of the gas outlet should not to be bent.

The Arrangement of the gas outlet on the underside of the silencer serves to remove dirt and condensate from the soundproofing chamber as well as from the outer shell to take and by the gas outlet and a z. B. slit-shaped opening dissipate in the bottom of the jacket section. Of further serves the gas outlet, which inevitably the soundproofing chamber and the outer shell must prevail, the balance of static pressure in front of and behind the arched bottom of the Jacket section. The gas outlet preferably opens in an outlet channel on the outer shell, wherein the outlet channel the same spatial orientation as the inlet pipe having. The same spatial orientation in this Connection means that the exhaust duct and the inlet pipe essentially parallel to each other extending central longitudinal axes so that there is no flow direction reversal comes in the field of sound insulation. The gases become within the sound insulation chamber only by 90 ° from the center longitudinal axis of the input pipe deflected and after down into the gas outlet, in which again only a 90 ° deflection is provided to forward the gas axially parallel to the input pipe.

The gas outlet opening in the flow direction can connect to a pipe via which the Gas is derived. With the exhaust and dirt and condensate are discharged from the exhaust system. The underside of the outer shell can also be provided with a condensate trap, by means of which condensate can be drained regulated. Instead of the perforated tubes usually used for influencing flow and sound in passive silencers, if necessary, nozzle-like gas outlets may be provided, which may be provided with a slotted or serrated end.

One Another essential aspect of the geometric design of the Silencer is the curvature of the floor. The Curvature of the concave bottom is due to the idealized sound waveform of the incoming from the inlet pipe in the sound insulation chamber Gases ajar. As a flat wave front in a limited space and not realized due to diffraction effects in the peripheral area leaves, the ground is slightly arched. The curvature is determined by the cone angle and by the funnel shape, since the bottom is preferably perpendicular to the shell portion and stands on the central longitudinal axis of the input pipe. The Base surface of the shell portion, which is the dimension of the soil can be composed of arcs and / or straights be. It can also be a cylindrical or elliptical base act.

outgoing from the funnel section, and neglecting Frequency and wavelength is the sound wave front in the near field to accept as a cone coat. The floor is thus also concave vaulted, with the curvature from manufacturing and / or acoustic reasons multifaceted by several levels Surfaces can be approximated.

at A passive silencer makes this floor a baffle or an aperture, which may be provided with a soundproofing or may be coated with a sound insulation material. There is an opening in the floor with a passive silencer formed, which the passage of gases from the soundproofing chamber in a between sound insulation chamber and outer shell lying gap allows. The opening is preferably directly opposite the gas feed, that is arranged opposite the inlet pipe, to reflections in the direction of the sound source, that is towards the inlet pipe and thus interference or standing Avoid waves in the soundproofing chamber. For the active sound influencing the opening in the Floor also closed by means of a flap or by another component become.

at an active silencer becomes at least a subarea of the bottom formed by the membrane of a counter-sound generator. This membrane is swinging with the ground, preferably with the edge connected to the jacket section. The membrane is a sound transducer assigned, which is supported either directly on the membrane or by means of a (double) elastic bearing on the edge of the Sheath section or on a rigidly connected to this part supported. A measuring device, which is a Microphone or a pressure sensor can act instead of the previously preferably directly opposite opening described arranged the inlet pipe to the leading tip of the sound waves to capture and reflections in the direction of the original sound source, the means to avoid towards the inlet pipe. For The protection of the measuring device can this with a spark flying grid be provided. The membrane can be made of stainless steel. in principle It is also conceivable that the membrane is made of a heat-resistant Fabric exists. The fabric may be made of carbon fibers, for example be made.

Regarding The choice of materials makes it possible, both the soundproofing chamber as well as the outer shells in classic metal construction manufacture. Basically, it is within the scope of the invention also possible technical fabrics made of heat-resistant, non-flammable, coatable and antistatic synthetic fibers to use.

at Exhaust silencers of internal combustion engines flows Under normal conditions exhaust gas with a medium temperature of 250 ° C in the muffler. Due to the good thermal conductivity (metallic) exhaust pipes is at an ambient temperature of about 20 ° C the exhaust gas temperature at the pipe wall about 100 ° C and in the core the flow up to about 400 ° C. To the gas as possible can escape much thermal energy, in accordance with the invention Design a cooling of the core flow appropriate be, but which should cause no turbulence. To this end is provided in inventive design, in the inlet pipe a displacer for Displacement of the core flow in the edge area of the input pipe. The displacer causes a larger amount of exhaust gas with the pipe wall comes into contact. If the inlet pipe is also outside is provided with cooling fins, the cooling effect of such an inlet pipe even further increased. The cooling fins give the outgoing from the exhaust heat to the ambient air which is used in this context as a cooling medium.

The stroking through the outer cooling fins Cooling air is caused by the on the inflow z. B. wedge, cone or pyramid-shaped outer shell forwarded by this. The outer shell serves simultaneously as a heat shield for that of the outer shell leading into the soundproofing inlet pipe and for possibly arranged on this components of measuring and control technology. For example, at the funnel section a measuring sound generator can be arranged with sensors on the ground of the shell section as components of an active silencer interacts.

Of the Muffler according to the invention records itself by the special kind of the gas guidance in the range the funnel section, the jacket section and the floor, that is due to the special design of the soundproofing chamber, at the same time as a carrier for control devices in connection with active soundproofing measures serves. The special structure of the floating soundproofing chamber allows additional decoupling from the Outer shell, characterized as an air guide, heat shield, Vibration damper and as protection of dirt and touch the soundproofing chamber is used. The gap between the Soundproofing chamber and the outer shell is used for Gas guide or as a resonator, insulator and condensate outlet. The low noise and vibration emission is achieved through optimal sound and flow guidance within the soundproofing chamber achieved, resulting in low interactions between the soundproofing chamber and the outer shell leads. loss of comfort by "Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH)" can largely be prevented.

Of the Flow resistance is due to the optimized flow control within the Schalldämmkammer very low, which in turn higher engine power or lower fan power required. With constant engine and fan performance is due to the gas pressure reserve a better Abgasauf- or a better exhaust gas aftertreatment possible.

Thereby, that only peripheral portions of the shell portion or the funnel necessary to achieve the advantage of the invention are, the silencer according to the invention be easily adapted to available space. anyway the construction of the muffler is very weight saving and geometrically simple based on the largely of rotational bodies designed components.

Of the Damping degree of the muffler is very high, because the sound is flat and therefore perpendicular to the ground or the sound membrane of the soil hits.

The good controllability of the muffler results from the almost undisturbed recording of the original sound and a possibly fed pilots before hitting the membrane in the ground. In any case, the membrane is in relation to the housing surface relatively large, so that a high speaker efficiency even at relatively low frequencies of the sound.

The The invention will be described below with reference to the schematic drawings illustrated embodiments explained in more detail. Show it:

1 a schematic view of an active silencer in a first embodiment;

2 the silencer of 1 in a different perspective with the outer shell open;

3 a further embodiment of a muffler in a schematic representation, in passive construction;

4 a perspective view of an active silencer in a different perspective and without upper shell;

5 the silencer of 4 in an end view on the ground;

6 the silencer of 5 in perspective view;

7 a further embodiment of a muffler in a perspective view;

8th the silencer of 7 with open upper shell;

9 the silencer of 8th in cross-section;

10 a graphic representation of the S-shaped curve and its construction and

11 a graphical representation of the S-shaped curve as a shear of the function F (φ).

1 shows a silencer 1 in the form of an active silencer for an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle. The silencer 1 includes a dashed line drawn Schalldämmkammer 2 , which has an inlet pipe 3 Gas is supplied. Gas flows via the arrows P1 drawn into the soundproofing chamber 2 one and a arranged on the bottom, slit-shaped gas outlet 4 out. The outflow direction is indicated by the arrow P2.

The soundproofing chamber 2 is located in an outer shell 5 , being between the soundproofing chamber 2 and the outer shell 5 a gap 6 is trained.

As based on the 1 and 2 can be seen, is the entrance pipe 3 with cooling fins extending in the flow direction 7 Mistake. Inside the entrance pipe 3 there is a displacer 8th , which is not flowed through by exhaust gas and the exhaust gas in the annular space between the displacer 8th and the wall of the entrance pipe 3 repressed. As a result, the exhaust gas before flowing into the soundproofing chamber 2 cooled, without being added to turbulence. As based on the 1 can be seen, the thereby warming ambient air from the soundproofing chamber 2 by means of the outer shell 5 from the soundproofing chamber 2 shielded.

The entrance pipe 3 has a central longitudinal axis A, which is the muffler 1 interspersed in the longitudinal direction. The central longitudinal axis A is an important reference for the configuration of the soundproofing chamber 2 because the central longitudinal axis A can also be referred to as a guide beam axis.

The exhaust gas flows from the inlet pipe 3 first in a funnel section 9 the soundproofing chamber 2 one. The funnel section 9 in turn flows into a truncated cone-shaped jacket section 10 due to a flattening on the top and bottom of the outer shell 5 or the soundproofing chamber 2 only in the region of its flanks, that is designed on a peripheral portion frusto-conical shaped. Important here are rounded transitions 11 . 12 to the entrance pipe 3 or to the shell section 10 , The jacket section 10 itself has a cone angle of 45 ° or slightly less than 45 °. In 2 the cone angle is denoted by γ (gamma). At the left in the image plane conical surface, however, only half the cone angle gamma is drawn. It can also be seen that despite the rounded transition 12 between the funnel section 9 and the jacket section 10 a narrow cylinder jacket area is present. This narrow area may be required for manufacturing reasons to the shell section 10 with the funnel section 9 connect to.

The special feature of the funnel section 9 is its rotationally symmetrical shape with respect to the central longitudinal axis A of the inlet pipe. The funnel section 9 results from the rotation of an S-shaped curve about this central longitudinal axis A. S-shaped in this context is not to be understood that the rotation of an S-shaped curve leads to an undercut in the region of the funnel section. The funnel section 9 rather has three characteristic areas. The first area is the transition between the entrance pipe 3 who is, so to speak, trained in a trumpet-like manner. This is followed by a middle section in which the funnel opening angle α (alpha) increases to values of 180 °. By way of example, the funnel opening angle α / 2 in 2 located. At this middle section 13 The rounded transition closes again 12 in which the funnel angle is returned to 0 ° or nearly 0 °.

In the 1 and 2 is in the area of the funnel section 9 Furthermore, a measuring sounder 14 to recognize, since it is in the embodiment of the 1 and 2 around an active silencer 1 is. This measuring sounder 14 sends a pilot signal parallel to the source sound source in the input pipe 3 is seen.

Another component of the active silencer 1 are seen in the flow direction convex ground 15 , which consists of two flat partial surfaces 16 . 17 is formed. The partial surfaces 16 . 17 are at least partially perpendicular to the shell portion 10 and are designed as membranes, the counter-sound generator 18 . 19 wear, which each about the middle of the faces 16 . 17 are arranged or have a center of action approximately at the center of the membrane. The two subareas 16 . 17 open into a tubular base 20 , the inlet pipe 3 lies directly opposite and for receiving a sensor 21 serves.

From the perspective view of 2 becomes the spatial position of the faces 16 . 17 of the soil 15 and the counter-noise generator 18 . 19 including the socket 20 for the sensor 21 clear. It can be seen in 2 in addition, that the gas outlet 4 is configured slot-shaped and extending over the entire width of the flattened bottom of the soundproofing chamber 2 extends. In 2 is just a lower shell 22 the outer shell made in shell construction 5 shown. In addition, a tongue-shaped overlap 23 to recognize, starting from the slit-shaped gas outlet 4 in the flow direction below the bottom of the lower shell 22 extends. In 1 is this overlap 23 additionally with a serrated edge 24 Mistake.

The illustrated concept of a silencer can be used both in combination with active silencing measures and in passive silencers. The embodiment of 3 shows a passive variant in which the already introduced reference numerals are used further and new reference numerals are used only for new components of the muffler.

In comparison with the representation of 1 it can be seen that the ground 15 ' rounded in this embodiment, that is executed quasi cylinder jacket-shaped and thus further the idealized sound wave front is approximated, theoretically to the ground 15 ' runs. In the 1 illustrated sensors and counter-noise generator omitted. Instead of the base for receiving a sensor is opposite the inlet pipe 3 now an opening 25 present, which is in the ground 15 ' the passage of gases from the soundproofing chamber 2 in between the soundproofing chamber 2 and the outer shell 5 lying gap 6 allows. The opening is from a pipe 26 surrounded, each in the soundproofing chamber 2 and in the gap 6 lying ends are perforated. Otherwise, the embodiment corresponds to 3 that of the 1 and 2 ,

The variant of 4 shows a combination of the embodiments of 1 and 3 , It is again an active silencer 1 in which the previously described active sound generators and sensors are used. However, the floor is 15 ' better approximated to the idealized sound wave front than in 1 , The floor 15 ' has the same course as in the embodiment of 3 , This is based on the representations of 5 and 6 to recognize. The floor 15 ' is therefore not composed of partial surfaces, but is curved overall transitionless. Out 5 In addition, it can be seen that the soundproofing chamber 2 in rough approximation with respect to its base of curves and straight sections is composed. The floor 15 ' has on the one hand on its left and right flanks on the contour of the truncated cone-shaped jacket portion, which from the ground 15 ' is limited. In addition, it can be seen that the top 27 flattened and parallel to the bottom 28 the soundproofing chamber 2 runs. 6 shows the embodiment of the 4 and 5 in a different perspective.

If more space is available, it is not necessary, the peripheral portions of the shell portion 10 to prune as far as it is in the 1 to 6 is shown. The embodiment of 7 to 9 shows a silencer 1' , which at first glance also has a rectangular outer shell 5 ' having. However, the outer shell is 5 ' with the exception of one outlet channel 29 in the area of its lower shell 30 formed mirror-symmetrically. Based on the presentation of the 8th and 9 It is clear that it is possible in this way, the frustoconical peripheral portions of the shell portion of the soundproofing chamber 31 to double, in principle, the previously described shape of the sound-absorbing chamber on the central longitudinal axis A of the input pipe 3 be mirrored.

This makes it possible to the funnel section 32 completely rotationally symmetrical form, so that the sound wave front even more even in the direction of the concave curved bottom 33 emotional.

It is clear in 9 the outlet channel 29 to be seen, which is parallel to the central longitudinal axis A of the inlet tube 3 extends. Via a gas outlet 35 in the lower part of the soundproofing chamber 1 gas flows down into the exhaust duct 29 one. One in the soundproofing chamber 31 protruding tongue 36 near the ground 33 directs the gas into the outlet channel 29 ,

1

silencer

1'

silencer

2

sound reduction

3

mouthpipe

4

gas outlet

5

outer shell

5 '

outer shell

6

gap

7

cooling fins

8th

displacement

9

funnel section

10

shell section

11

crossing

12

crossing

13

midsection

14

Measuring Sounder

15

ground

15 '

ground

16

subarea

17

subarea

18

Against sound generator

19

Against sound generator

20

base

21

sensor

22

subshell

23

coverage

24

edge

25

opening

26

pipe

27

top

28

bottom

29

exhaust port

30

subshell

31

sound reduction

32

funnel section

33

ground

34

bottom

35

gas outlet

36

tongue

A

Center longitudinal axis v. 3

c

polar distance

P

Point

P1

arrow

r

radius of the input pipe

R

radius of the jacket section

α

funnel angle (Alpha)

γ

cone angle (Gamma)

φ

helix angle (Phi)

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 2005013780 [0006]

Claims (29)

Silencer for gas systems, with a soundproofing chamber ( 2 . 31 ) which via an inlet pipe ( 3 ) Gas is supplied and which a gas outlet ( 4 . 35 ), characterized in that the inlet pipe ( 3 ) in a funnel the gas flowing forward ( 9 . 32 ) opens, in which the flow cross-section is steadily increasing, and wherein at the funnel section ( 9 . 32 ) a at least on a peripheral portion frustoconical shell portion ( 10 ). Silencer according to claim 1, characterized in that the transitions of the funnel section ( 9 . 32 ) to the inlet pipe ( 3 ) and to the shell section ( 10 ) are fluent. Silencer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the funnel section ( 9 . 32 ) is rotationally symmetrical at least on its predominant peripheral portion. Silencer according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the funnel section ( 9 . 32 ) is convex viewed in the flow direction, wherein the funnel section ( 9 . 32 ) is curved in such a way that that of the funnel section ( 9 . 32 ) in the shell section ( 10 ) entering wavefront of the pulsating gas flow has the least possible curvature. Silencer according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the rotationally symmetrical portions of the funnel portion ( 9 . 32 ) from a rotation of an S-shaped curve about the central longitudinal axis (A) of the inlet pipe ( 3 ), wherein a funnel opening angle (α) is partially in a range of 150 ° to 180 °. Silencer according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a transition ( 11 ) from the inlet pipe ( 3 ) to the shell section ( 10 ) is rounded. Silencer according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a transition ( 12 ) from the shell section ( 10 ) to the funnel section ( 9 . 32 ) is rounded. Silencer according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the cone angle (γ) of the shell portion ( 10 ) Is 30 ° to 45 °. Silencer according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a the input pipe ( 3 ) opposite ground ( 15 . 15 ' . 33 ) of the jacket section ( 10 ) is concave curved as seen in the flow direction. Silencer according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the soundproofing chamber ( 2 . 31 ) from an outer shell ( 5 . 5 ' ) is surrounded. Silencer according to claim 10, characterized in that the outer shell ( 5 . 5 ' ) a lower shell ( 22 . 30 ) includes. Silencer according to one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that the soundproofing chamber ( 2 . 31 ) opposite the outer shell ( 5 . 5 ' ) is floating. Silencer according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that for the discharge of the exhaust gas from the sound insulation chamber ( 2 . 31 ) and the outer shell ( 5 . 5 ' ) in the shell section ( 10 ) a gas outlet ( 4 . 35 ) is arranged. Silencer according to claim 13, characterized in that the gas outlet ( 4 . 35 ) in the installation position on the underside ( 28 . 34 ) of the muffler ( 1 . 1' ) is arranged. Silencer according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the gas outlet ( 4 . 35 ) in an outlet channel ( 29 ) of the outer shell ( 5 . 5 ' ), wherein the outlet channel ( 29 ) the same spatial orientation as the inlet tube ( 3 ) having. Silencer according to one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that a in the sound insulation chamber ( 31 ) protruding tongue ( 36 ) is provided to gas in the outlet channel ( 29 ) to steer. Silencer according to one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the gas outlet ( 4 . 35 ) with an overlap ( 23 ), which has a serrated edge ( 24 ) having. Silencer according to one of claims 9 to 17, characterized in that the curvature of the soil ( 15 . 15 ' . 33 ) to the idealized sound wave front of the input tube ( 3 ) in the soundproofing chamber ( 2 . 31 ) is leaning against incoming gas. Silencer according to one of claims 9 to 18, characterized in that the bottom ( 15 . 15 ' . 33 ) a cylindrical, elliptical or a composite of arcs and / or lines base surface of the shell portion ( 10 ). Silencer according to one of claims 9 to 19, characterized in that the bottom ( 15 . 15 ' . 33 ) perpendicular to the shell portion ( 10 ) or perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis (A). Silencer according to one of claims 9 to 20, characterized in that in the ground ( 15 ' ) an opening ( 25 ) is formed, which the passage of gases from the sound insulation chamber ( 2 ) in a between Schalldämmkammer ( 2 ) and outer shell ( 5 ) lying gap space ( 6 ). Silencer according to claim 21, characterized in that the opening ( 25 ) with a pipe ( 26 ) is provided. Silencer according to one of claims 9 to 20, characterized in that at least one partial surface ( 16 . 17 ) of the soil ( 15 ) of a membrane of a counter sound generator ( 18 . 19 ) is formed. Silencer according to claim 23, characterized characterized in that the membrane is made of stainless steel. Silencer according to claim 23, characterized characterized in that the membrane is made of a heat-resistant Fabric exists. Silencer according to one of claims 23 to 25, characterized in that in the ground ( 15 ) an inlet pipe ( 3 ) opposite base ( 20 ) for a sensor ( 21 ) is arranged. Silencer according to one of claims 23 to 26, characterized in that at the funnel section ( 9 ) a measuring sounder ( 14 ) is arranged. Silencer according to one of claims 1 to 27, characterized in that in the inlet pipe ( 3 ) a displacer ( 8th ) for displacing the core flow in the edge region of the inlet pipe ( 3 ) is arranged. Silencer according to one of claims 1 to 28, characterized in that the inlet pipe ( 3 ) on the outside with cooling fins ( 7 ) is provided.