CN1077289A - Fluid lens and manufacture method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the applied optics technical field.It proposes a kind of is that optical material is made various positive and negative spheres and non-ball surface this new product of lens and manufacturing process and method with the fluid.The present invention has the function of existing various positive negative lens such as imaging, amplification, optically focused institute tool.Its principal feature is: compare with existing lens, simplified manufacturing process, with low cost, the various optical glass materials of avoiding using high price, particularly when making various non-ball surface lens and the large diameter lens of large diameter and extra, these characteristics have obtained sufficient embodiment.

Description

Fluid lens and manufacture method thereof

Transparency liquid on containing in globe, this spheroid can amplify, optically focused.Through the inventor further observational study of this phenomenon and test are used, draw: except that the plane, in all solids with any radius-of-curvature (as ball surface and ellipsoid, parabolic, hyperboloid, the face of cylinder, non-ball such as double-curved surface surface, or it intercepts part, or it intercepts the assembly of part), charge into colourless or coloured, and has certain refractive index, the transparent various liquid of optical properties such as optical homogeneity, solution, colloid, and some has the fluids such as gas (vapour) body of performances such as suitable density, all can obtain imaging during by this solid when light so, amplify, effects such as optically focused.Can both demonstrate all functions that existing positive and negative lens are had under certain condition.

The present invention, as one of application of above-mentioned this phenomenon, it has proposed a kind of is new technology, the new method that dioptric substances is made lens with the fluid, that is: according to producing the technical requirement of using that needs proposed, make lens housing with the different curvature radius that meets technical requirement with transparent material with certain optics requirement, the fluid that will have certain optics requirement charges into wherein, manufactures to meet meniscus various technical requirements, all size.The distinguishing feature of this invention is: technology simplifies greatly, is easy to make, cost economy, avoided using a large amount of materials such as expensive optical glass.Particularly when the lens of manufacturing major diameter and large diameter and non-spherical lens and array lens etc., these characteristics are fully reflected.At present both at home and abroad make major diameter, large diameter lens and be considered to have suitable difficulty with existing material, equipment and the technology of producing.Using the present invention then more easily obtains.The biconvex spherical lens of a φ 2700mm making of the manufacture method that proposes with the present invention for example, although its diameter is quite big, but made with comparalive ease, although it is desirable that its accuracy requirement is still owed, but in the temperature that has obtained on its focus (focal plane) about 1700 degree, effects such as its amplification also make us quite satisfied.This just explanation, fluid lens has wide application prospect, it will be smelted for sun power utilization, space uranoscopy, fusing, welding, high temperature are accurate and be various is the various instruments of optical component, the application of device with lens, and a new approach is provided.Many deficiencies such as simultaneously, this invention has overcome better also that current technology is various in producing lens, production cost is high, major diameter lens and non-spherical lens manufacturing are difficult for.

Below, be example with biconvex lens with different curvature r1, r2, in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, structure of the present invention and main manufacture methods thereof are described.The primary structure of lens is: see Fig. 1, Fig. 2 by appearance housing 1,9,10(with certain thickness H), with fluid 2 formations that certain optics requires that have that charge into wherein.The outer edge of housing have a filling orifice 3,8 with and on sealing-plug 4.The main manufacture methods and the technological process of lens are: the first step is Mold Making.It according to use the technical requirement that needs proposed, design and produce meet this technical requirement have an isoparametric mould of different curvature r1r2, then to mould test, meticulous reconditioning makes it reach the technical requirement of certain precision; Second step was the housing moulding.According to purposes, technical requirement, geometric configuration and the size of lens and the character of housing material therefor, the housing of lens can be taked distinct methods manufacturings such as blowing, casting, mold pressing, injection.Then according to technical parameter detect, meticulous reconditioning, make it reach the precision of technical requirement; The 3rd step was to charge into the combination of fluids finished product.According to factors such as case material optical characteristics and thickness H thereof, inject the fluid that optical characteristics with it is complementary.It is fastening to carry out seal combination then, at last according to technical requirement through various optical characteristic tests, be up to the standards, finish finished product.

It more than is the explanation of convection cell lens arrangement and main manufacture methods bulking property.Because the difference of casing structure is specifically divided following three kinds of situations:

1, integral housing lens (see figure 1): the main structural attitude of these lens is that housing is one to have the airtight integral body (seeing the housing 1 among Fig. 1) of certain wall thickness H, there is filling orifice 3 its outer edge, it has certain aperture d, and the device sealing-plug that seals 4 thereon.The curvature r1 of housing 1, r2 can be identical also can be different, can be sphere and also can be non-ball surface etc.Setting this housing and be with the silicates clear glass is material, and main manufacture methods is: at first according to the technical requirement of lens and related parameter is arranged, mould is made in design, and to mould test, meticulous reconditioning makes it reach certain technological requirement.The moulding of blowing in mould and anneal of second step glass that will melt shape is carried out verification, meticulous reconditioning to molded housing, makes it meet technical requirement.In the blowing, keep its thickness H that certain homogeneity etc. is arranged.The thickness H of this housing and manufactured materials, geometric configuration and the size of housing and with charge into wherein the optical characteristics of fluid and be complementary etc. relevant.The 3rd step was full of housing and sealing with fluid by filling orifice 3, carried out detections such as a series of various optical properties again, the qualified finished product of finishing.Integral housing lens outstanding feature is that manufacture method is simple, economical, little lens of diameter particularly, if adopt certain optical plastic system housing, and the grinding and polishing that application is injected, mold pressing replaces existing traditional handicraft etc., more apparent its technology is easy, with low cost.

2, split type housing lens (see figure 2): the main structural attitude of these lens is that the housing dimidiation is individual, this two half housing 9,10, they have identical or different radius-of-curvature r1, r2, they can be ball surface or non-ball surface, also can be to combine, see Fig. 2 by their body that intercepts.For preventing that fluid from leaking outside, there is the airtight circle 5 of colloidality to fill therebetween, this circle can be established filling orifice 8 according to the difference that charges into the fluid mode on it, also can not establish.For two half housings effectively are closely as one, its periphery is provided with dead ring 6.Big or curvature hour for ease of the fastening combination of two half housings, should be respectively be provided with flange portion 7 at the periphery of two half housings when the diameter of split type housing lens.Little or use when in addition requirement being arranged when the diameter of split type housing lens, also can be after this two half housing both sides contact portion polishes through being bonded.Be provided with filling orifice and packoff therebetween.Setting this two half housing and be with the silicates clear glass is material, and main manufacture methods is: at first according to the purposes and the technical requirement of lens, make mould.Mould is individual in two, makes respectively according to the parameters such as curvature r1 separately, r2 that technical requirement provided respectively.Make the back this two half mould is carried out respectively carrying out overall inspection, refine again after the verification earlier according to technical requirement, make it meet certain technical requirement.Second step was glass cast molding and the annealing typing in mould with molten state, compression moulding and carry out annealing in process in mould when perhaps preheating glass material to uniform temperature.Then to two half molded housing respectively according to technical requirements such as curvature separately test, overall inspection, refine, make it reach technical requirement.This two half housing thickness H1, H2 separately is with the selected dioptric substances of housing, physical dimension, amount of curvature and with to charge into wherein the optical characteristics of fluid factor such as be complementary relevant.Two half housings should be chosen identical dioptric substances and identical thickness as far as possible.The 3rd step was that two half housings are fastening with dead ring 6 combinations.For preventing that fluid from leaking outside, there is the airtight circle 5 of colloidality to fill between the two.If when adopting the airtight circle 5 of no filling orifice, with fluid with syringe with certain angle of inclination airtight circle 5 that punctured, be full of fastening housing.If adopt when being provided with the aperture and being the airtight circle 5 of filling orifice 8 of d, after filling orifice 8 was full of housing, 4(saw Fig. 1 with sealing-plug with fluid) screw.After to carry out various test verifications qualified, finish finished product.Split type housing lens are compared with existing lens, and outstanding feature is can production major diameter quite cheaply or large diameter lens, and its technology and production equipment etc. are all quite simplified.Particularly be used for making with focusing and obtain the not lens of very high large diameter of accuracy classes requirements such as sun power and amplification, more apparent quite cheap.

3, soft housing lens: the main structural attitude of these lens is both can adopt aforementioned and the same or analogous structure of integral housing lens, also can adopt and the same or analogous structure of split type housing lens.Its common outstanding feature is: the soft flexible convolution of the housing of soft housing lens, and the time spent is injected fluid, and time spent discharge currents body does not take up space, and simplifies packing, convenient transportation; Its another one outstanding feature is the lens of can be very cheap a large amount of economically production major diameters, large diameter, and some function can match in excellence or beauty with Fresnel lens; Its 3rd outstanding feature is that it can take global design when to make diameter be several meters even bigger lens, segmentation, piecemeal or burst manufacturing, and last assembling combination is used.It can be widely used in aspects such as military affairs, field work, conveniently to obtain sun power etc.Soft housing lens main manufacture methods is: at first according to using the technical requirement that needs proposed, make mould, and it is carried out the verification reconditioning make it reach certain technology requirement; Second step be with have the transparent flexible plastics of certain optics requirement or other optical plastic in model through method moulding such as mold pressing, injections, and further check; The 3rd step was the injection fluid, finished product is up to the standards.Below, the manufacture method of two kinds of soft housing lens is briefly proposed.A, medical artificial crystalline lens (that is lens diameter minimum is several millimeters): take and the similar structure of aforementioned integral housing lens, select for use be fit to human body physiological function nontoxic, have no side effect, and the transparent flexible film with suitable intensity is after special moulding, injection has the colloid of certain performance, can become the artificial lens.This process is finished in implementing ophthalmic surgical procedures.B, large diameter solar light focusing thermal-arrest lens (that is lens diameter especially big is several meters even bigger): the structure that adopts identical or similar aforesaid integral housing lens or split type housing lens, select the transparent flexible plastics of high strength high-tension for use, tie operations such as bonding, mold pressing typing, check, inject the transparency liquid or some gas (vapour) body that are complementary with it, can become the desired collector lens of technology.When this lens diameter is quite big, when causing certain difficulty for bonding, mold pressing typing etc., then method that can the lens employingization of global design is greatly little is divided into some, piece, and the cordwood method of applying unit is made respectively.After operations such as assembly unit, combination, fixing and verification, detections, quite easily obtain the lens of large diameter.Its outstanding feature is the lens that can very obtain large diameter cheaply, technology is quite simple, but, therefore require very not high aspects such as solar focusing thermal-arrest, the selection of a kind of economy of can yet be regarded as to being used for optical accuracy owing to be subjected to certain limitation on the precision.

Claims (7)

1, a kind of applicating fluid manufacturing meniscus and new technology thereof, new method.The present invention by housing with charge into fluid wherein and establish thereon fluid injecting hole, sealing, device such as fastening constitutes, it is characterized in that: be that dioptric substances is made with the fluid, though housing of the present invention is one of main member that constitutes fluid lens, but it mainly keeps the effect that lens can have a fixing geometric jacquard patterning unit surface shape from function, and obviously it is not the main body of lens refractive power function;

Characteristics of principle of the present invention is: with certain fluid, charge in the hollow housing of certain geometric configuration, can obtain imaging, amplify, all optical functions that existing positive negative lens such as optically focused is had, specifically, be housing just with the geometric jacquard patterning unit surface of existing various positive negative lenses or sphere and various non-balls surface, wherein charge into fluid, and make it obtain imaging, amplify, all functions that existing positive negative lens such as optically focused is possessed, here, " certain fluid ", that is the feature that the material of convection cell proposes is: it has certain refractive index, optical homogeneity, optical properties such as the absorption coefficient of light, the transparent various liquid juices of colourless (or coloured), solution, colloid (including the various types of colloid of certain viscosity), organic solution and the fluids such as gas (vapour) body that possess certain performance, in addition, it should be noted especially that it also comprises charges in the housing and can bond, the fluid of performances such as curing and by in the solid-state fluid through charging into after fusing or the liquefaction also scope at claim; Here, " certain geometric configuration ", that is to the feature that lens shape proposes be: it comprises the geometric jacquard patterning unit surface that existing positive negative lens is had, and also comprises the ball surface and such as non-ball surfaces such as ellipsoid, parabola, cylinder, hyperboloid, double-curved surfaces, with and intercept part or its assembly; Here, described " hollow housing " also contains the feature that promptly case material is proposed: the existing various materials of producing positive negative lens, such as the optical glass of the various trades mark, various plastic material, crystal etc., when the optical accuracy of lens etc. being required when very not high, existing various conventional clear glass, plastic or other material also can be used;

The architectural feature of housing of the present invention is: a, integral housing lens (see figure 1), it is characterized in that housing is one to have the airtight hollow integral body (seeing the housing 1 among Fig. 1) of certain wall thickness H, there is filling orifice 3 its outer edge, it has certain aperture d, and the sealing-plug that seals 4 disposed thereon, the housing both side surface can have identical or different radius-of-curvature r1, r2 or other sphere and non-ball surface with and the combination; B, split type housing lens, it is characterized in that housing dimidiation individual (9,10), has identical or different radius-of-curvature r1 respectively, r2, or other sphere and non-ball surface with and combination, for preventing that fluid from leaking outside, between two half housings colloidality O-ring seal 5 is arranged, and the dead ring 6 that plays fastening compound action, when lens diameter is big, for ease of sealing and fastening combination, this two half housing is provided with flange 7 simultaneously, and is little or use when in addition requirement being arranged when lens diameter, after polishing, this two half housing both sides contact portion can be provided with filling orifice and packoff therebetween through being bonded; C, soft housing lens, it is characterized in that housing both can adopt and the same or analogous structure of above-mentioned integral housing lens, also can adopt and the same or analogous structure of above-mentioned split type housing lens, its common outstanding feature is this lens housing softness, flexible collapsing, time spent charges into fluid, and time spent discharge currents body does not take up space.

2, main manufacture methods of the present invention as claimed in claim 1 and technology and flow process feature thereof are: the first step, mould is made, it is to the effect that at first in conjunction with the lens purposes, condition according to technical requirement, design make the mould that meets this technical requirement and to its detect, verification, meticulous reconditioning, make it reach suitable technical requirement; Second step, the housing moulding, it to the effect that is used in combination needs, technical requirement, and select factors such as the geometric configuration of physics and chemistry, optical property and lens of case material and diameter for use, and composite factors such as manufacturing equipment situation and manufacturability, housing can adopt blowing, casting, mold pressing, heat seal respectively, blow method manufacturings such as drawing injection, and it is carried out a series of detection, verification, meticulous reconditioning, makes it reach technical requirement fully; The 3rd step charged into fluid, the combination finished product, it is to the effect that according to the optical characteristics of technical requirement and housing, inject the fluid that is complementary with the housing optical property, through various optical performance tests, check and seal at last, fastening and final inspection qualified after, finish finished product.In addition, it also should comprise other auxiliary, less important technologies that center on outside these three main technique methods, and around the specific purpose tool of wanting required for the present invention, equipment etc.

3, purposes of the present invention as claimed in claim 1 should comprise that all is the various instruments of components and parts with the present invention; Various devices; Use the present invention separately; And other purposes.

4, housing of the present invention as claimed in claim 1, the geometric configuration of its thickness H and lens and size, with the optics physicochemical property of making case material, with inject the wherein optics physicochemical property of fluid, and with the use of lens, install, condition such as be provided with is relevant, provide during by concrete manufacturing, so that it has a rational thickness H, housing of the present invention according to claim 1, after wherein injecting fluid, comprise and to solidify after charging into, behind the fluid of performances such as bonding, the stress of housing and stress distribution are with the proportion that charges into fluid, the volatilization situation, the placement form of housing, and with the full level that charges into fluid, the thermal expansivity of fluid, factors such as cure shrinkage are relevant, specific design provides during by manufacturing, so that it is among a good stress and the rational stress distribution.

5, as the described soft housing of c in the claim 1 lens, it is characterized by: when the diameter of these lens very little during only for several millimeters, a kind of application as these lens can be used for human body ophthalmology medical science, the similar structure of the described integral housing lens of a in its housing employing and this claim 1, use bionics principle and select the nontoxic of suitable human body physiological function for use, the transparent flexible film that has no side effect and have physics and chemistry such as certain tensile strength and optical property, after special moulding and verification test are qualified, inject special clear, viscous colloid, can become the medical artificial crystalline lens, be used for clinical ophthalmology medical science.

6, as the described soft housing of c in the claim 1 lens, it is characterized by, the diameter of these lens is very big often be last rice or several meters even when bigger, its housing adopts described integral housing structure of a or the described split type shell structure of b in this claim 1, select the transparent flexible plastics of high-tension intensity for use, through bonding, after compression molding and the check, inject the fluid that is complementary with it, can become the desired large diameter solar light focusing of technology thermal-arrest lens, when this lens diameter is quite big, when bringing certain difficulty for bonding compression molding and verification, then can adopt lens to be divided into some unit with global design, use the brick pattern mode and make respectively, after charge into fluid, assembling combination and be up to the standards the more or less freely lens that obtain large diameter cheaply.

7, the present invention is that example is explained with the biconvex lens according to claim 1, also is suitable for for other lenses and planar part.

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