CN101010619A - Optical element - Google Patents
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- CN101010619A CN101010619A CN 200580028806 CN200580028806A CN101010619A CN 101010619 A CN101010619 A CN 101010619A CN 200580028806 CN200580028806 CN 200580028806 CN 200580028806 A CN200580028806 A CN 200580028806A CN 101010619 A CN101010619 A CN 101010619A
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Abstract
An optical element wherein the focal length can be remarkably varied through electric control. The optical element comprises a first substrate (111) having a first electrode (21), a second substrate (112), a second electrode (22) arranged on the outside of the second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer (311) wherein liquid crystal molecules stored between the first substrate and the second substrate are oriented unidirectionally. The optical element operates by applying a first voltage (V0) between the first electrode and the second electrode thereby performing orientation control of the liquid crystal molecules. A third electrode (23) is arranged on the outside of the second electrode through an insulation layer and the optical characteristics can be controlled by applying a second voltage (Vc) independent from the first voltage (V0) to the third electrode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical element, wherein between the electrode of the electrode that is provided with on the substrate that constitutes liquid crystal cells and this substrate arranged outside, apply two kinds of different voltages, thereby the orientation of control liquid crystal molecule, and can easily regulate specific optical characteristics.
Background technology
Liquid crystal has the flowability the same with liquid and presents the anisotropy of electro-optical properties.The orientation of liquid crystal molecule can be controlled in many ways.In recent years, utilized the performance of liquid crystal, developing display device thin and in light weight, plane has had remarkable break-throughs.If two glass plates that constitute liquid crystal cells and have a transparent conductive film are carried out surface treatment, and if apply voltage from the outside, the orientation of liquid crystal molecule then can easily be controlled.The refractive index of any this class liquid crystal cell can present to it between value of ordinary light in its value that presents extraordinary ray and change continuously.This be other optical material the excellent properties that can not present.
Proposed the lens of variable-focus, wherein the effective refractive index of each can change (referring to patent documentation 1 and non-patent literature 1 and 2).By utilizing the electrooptical effect of nematic liquid crystal, the glass substrate that can crooked have transparency electrode.Therefore, liquid crystal layer is shaped as lens, and in the common liquid crystals display in the included component structure.Voltage is applied on the electrode, with the orientation of control liquid crystal molecule.Thereby, change the effective refractive index of these lens.
Can utilize a kind of like this method, wherein give optical medium, thereby obtain a kind of lens effect the space distribution of refractive index.The optical medium of this SELFOC of being called (GRIN) lens can obtain from the market.In the nematic liquid crystal unit, liquid crystal molecule is orientated along direction of an electric field.Announced the method (referring to patent documentation 2, patent documentation 3 and non-patent literature 3 and 4) of the liquid crystal lens of the refractive index that the presentation space distribution is provided.In these methods, use electrode with circular pattern, produce axisymmetric inhomogeneous field, and obtain this liquid crystal lens by the effect of utilizing liquid crystal molecular orientation.
As patent documentation 4 a kind of net high-polymer network in liquid crystal is disclosed, so that improve the performance of liquid crystal.The lens of this use liquid crystal are revised as the micro-lens array ratio are easier to, this micro-lens array comprises a plurality of small, so-called micro lens that are provided with two dimension, forms dull and stereotyped thus.
Propose, in the liquid crystal micro lens, pair of electrodes should be arranged on the outside of the electrode of circular pattern, so that improve the performance (referring to non-patent literature 5) of lens.In addition, a kind of method has been proposed, wherein insulation course is inserted in liquid crystal layer and has between the electrode of circular pattern, and alleviated the diameter of circular pattern should be with the ratio of thickness of liquid crystal layer for 2: 1 to about 3: 1 so that optimum performance is given the requirement (referring to non-patent literature 6 and 7) of micro lens.
On the other hand, proposed a kind of optical devices, it uses liquid crystal cell to replace reflection from lens mirror (lens mirror) (referring to patent documentation 5).In this device, imaging device detects by the optical imagery that optical system obtained with focusing unit, and this focusing unit has aberration and corrects mechanism, and the signal that utilizes imaging device to produce is determined aberration.Generation is used to correct the signal of aberration, corrects owing to atmosphere is swung the aberration that appears in the optical system, so that a kind of optical imagery that does not have distortion is provided thus.And, a kind of electric field controls, refractive index are utilized liquid crystal optical device for the oval distortion liquid crystal lens conduct that distributes lens (referring to non-patent literature 8) have been proposed.
Unlike the ordinary optical element as passive element, these use the optical element of liquid crystal that the lens that can regulate such as the performances such as aberration of focal length and optical system can be provided.
Can use the curable liquid crystal of polymerization as liquid crystal material.In this case, polymerizable mesogenic, and solidify thus, after focusing is regulated, provide a kind of condensate lens (referring to patent documentation 6).
Patent documentation 1: Japanese patent application KOKAI communique No.54-151854
Patent documentation 2: Japanese patent application KOKAI communique No.11-109303
Patent documentation 3: Japanese patent application KOKAI communique No.11-109304
Patent documentation 4: Japanese patent application KOKAI communique No.10-239676
Patent documentation 5: Japanese patent application KOKAI communique No.03-265819
Patent documentation 6: Japanese patent application KOKAI communique No.09-005695
Non-patent literature 1:S.Sato, " Liquid-crystal lens-cell with variable focallength ", Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 1979, the 18 volumes, 1679-1683 page or leaf
Non-patent literature 2:S.Sato, " Liquid crystals and application thereof ", Sangyo Tosho Co., Ltd., on October 14th, 1984,204-206 page or leaf
Non-patent literature 3:T.Nose and S.Sato, " A liquid-crystal micro lensobtained with a non uniform electric field ", Liquid Crystals, 1989, the 1425-1433 pages or leaves
Non-patent literature 4:S.Sato, " The World of liquid crystal ", Sangyo ToshoCo., Ltd., on April 15th, 1994,186-189 page or leaf
Non-patent literature 5:M.Honma, T.Nose and S.Sato, " Enhancement ofnumerical aperture of liquid crystal microlenses using a stacked electrodestructure ", Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, in August, 2000, the 39th volume, No.8,4799-4802 page or leaf
Non-patent literature 6:M.Ye and S.Sato, " Optical properties of liquid crystallens of any size ", Preliminary reports, 49th meeting of the AppliedPhysics Society, in March, 2002,28p-X-10, the 1277th page
Non-patent literature 7:M.Ye and S.Sato, " Optical properties of liquid crystallens of any size ", Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, in May, 2002, the 41st volume, No.5, L571-L573 page or leaf
Non-patent literature 8:Y.Yokoyama, M.Ye and S.Sato, " Electricallycontrollable liquid crystal anamorphic lens ", 2004 preliminary reports, meeting of the Society of Liquid Crystal, Japan, on September 26th, 2004
Summary of the invention
All the elements recited above: liquid crystal lens with lens shaped liquid crystal layer; Utilize the liquid crystal microlens of the space index distribution of liquid crystal molecule, this obtains by axisymmetric inhomogeneous field and the electrode by circular pattern produces; A kind of method that is proposed as non-patent literature 5 wherein is arranged on pair of electrodes the outside of circular pattern electrode; And a kind of structure that is proposed as non-patent literature 6 and 7, wherein insulation course is arranged between liquid crystal layer and the circular pattern electrode, and these can both obtain the good optical characteristic.Yet they all have problems.They almost can not obtain good performance on the wide-voltage range that is applied.
Therefore, the purpose of one embodiment of the invention provides a kind of optical element with good optical characteristic, can change this optical characteristics easily and greatly when keeping.
The purpose of another embodiment of the present invention provides the optical element that a kind of focus can move with three dimensional constitution.
The purpose of another embodiment of the present invention provides and resembles this optical characteristics that is used for convex lens or concavees lens that may be controlled to.
In order to address the above problem, mainly comprise first substrate, second substrate, be arranged on the outside of second substrate and have second electrode and the liquid crystal layer in hole that wherein this liquid crystal layer is arranged between first substrate and second substrate and by forming along the liquid crystal molecule of a direction orientation with first electrode according to optical element of the present invention.First voltage is applied between first electrode and second electrode, and the orientation of control liquid crystal molecule is operated this optical element whereby.In this optical element, third electrode is arranged on the outside of second electrode and is arranged on the insulation course, and will be applied to third electrode with second voltage of first independent from voltage, controls this optical characteristics thus.
Because said apparatus, the focal position can change greatly by electric control, and need not mechanically move forward and backward lens as the traditional optical element.
Description of drawings
Figure 1A is the sectional view that illustrates according to the structure of the embodiment of optical element of the present invention;
Figure 1B is the planimetric map that illustrates according to the structure of the embodiment of optical element of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the view that the Potential Distributing in this element is shown, and the function according to optical element of the present invention has been described thus;
Fig. 3 A is the view that first example that Potential Distributing wherein changes in optical element according to the present invention is shown, and the function of this optical element has been described thus;
Fig. 3 B is the view that second example that Potential Distributing wherein changes in optical element according to the present invention is shown, and the function of this optical element has been described thus;
Fig. 4 be illustrate as along the optical axis of optical element observed pass the view how light phase according to the light wave of optical element of the present invention changes;
Fig. 5 illustrates to pass the view how light phase according to the light wave of optical element of the present invention changes, and the function of this optical element has been described thus;
How Fig. 6 illustrates focal length with the view of controlling change in voltage, and the function of this optical element has been described thus;
Fig. 7 is the sectional view that illustrates according to the structure of another embodiment of optical element of the present invention;
Fig. 8 A is the sectional view that illustrates according to the structure of another embodiment of optical element of the present invention;
Fig. 8 B is the planimetric map that illustrates according to the structure of another embodiment of optical element of the present invention;
Fig. 9 A is the sectional view that illustrates according to the structure of another embodiment of optical element of the present invention;
Fig. 9 B is the planimetric map that illustrates according to the structure of other embodiment of optical element of the present invention;
Figure 10 A is the view of the concrete structure of explanation control module shown in Figure 9;
Figure 10 B is the view how focus of explanation liquid crystal lens moves in control module shown in Figure 9;
Figure 11 illustrates the actual measured view that moves that is applied to the electromotive force of cutting apart electrode (splitelectrode) shown in Figure 10 and this focus along the x direction;
Figure 12 illustrates the actual measured view that moves that is applied to the electromotive force of cutting apart electrode shown in Figure 10 and this focus along the y direction;
Figure 13 be illustrate be applied to the electromotive force of cutting apart electrode shown in Figure 10 and this focus along with the view that moves of the angled direction of x direction and y direction, it is actual measured that this electromotive force and should moving always be;
Figure 14 A is the sectional view that illustrates according to the structure of another embodiment of optical element of the present invention;
Figure 14 B is the planimetric map that illustrates according to the structure of another embodiment of optical element of the present invention;
Figure 15 is the view that the Potential Distributing in the optical element of Figure 14 A and Figure 14 B is shown, and the function of this optical element has been described thus;
Figure 16 A is the view that first example that Potential Distributing wherein changes in the optical element of Figure 14 A and Figure 14 B is shown, and the function of this optical element has been described thus;
Figure 16 B is the view that second example that Potential Distributing wherein changes in the optical element of Figure 14 A and Figure 14 B is shown, and the function of this optical element has been described thus;
Figure 17 illustrates the view how light phase of the light wave of the optical element that passes Figure 14 changes, and the function of this optical element has been described thus;
How Figure 18 illustrates focal length with the view of controlling change in voltage, and the function of optical element shown in Figure 14 has been described thus; And
Figure 19 shows the view according to the structure of another embodiment of optical element of the present invention.
Embodiment
To be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings embodiments of the invention.Figure 1A and Figure 1B, numeral 111 indication first substrates (transparency glass plate).First electrode 21 (being made by ITO) forms on the inside surface of first substrate 111.In a side of first electrode 21, second substrate 112 (transparency glass plate) is arranged to towards first electrode 21 and parallel its extension.In the outside of second substrate 112, form second electrode 22 (made of aluminum).Shown in Figure 1B, second electrode 22 has circular port 222 (for example, diameter is 4.5mm).
Liquid crystal layer 311 (for example, thickness is 130 μ m) forms between first electrode 21 and second substrate 112, and first electrode 21 is formed on first substrate 111. Reference numeral 41 and 42 expressions limit the sept (spacer) of liquid crystal layer 311.
In addition, insulation course 113 (for example, the glassy layer thin as 70 μ m) is positioned at the upper surface of second electrode 22, and third electrode 23 (being made by ITO) is formed on this insulation course 113.Protective seam 114 (being made by glass) is arranged on the upper surface of third electrode 23.The use polyimide carries out coating to surfaces of those contact liquid crystal layers of first and second substrates and along the x direction of principal axis it is rubbed.
In order to make optical element play liquid crystal lens, the first voltage Vo is applied between first electrode 21 and second electrode 22.In order to apply the first voltage Vo, the second voltage Vc is initially set to 0V and the first voltage Vo is set to an appropriate value.Voltage applying unit 51 applies voltage Vo.This voltage is arranged to such value, and this value is given lens with optimised optical properties (hereinafter referred to as first order optical characteristics).Next, will and the irrelevant second voltage Vc of the first voltage Vo be applied between first electrode 21 and the third electrode 23.The voltage applying unit 52 outputs second voltage Vc.If the second voltage Vc changes, then can control the optical characteristics (hereinafter referred to as second level optical characteristics) of lens.Should be noted that Vo and Vc are identical on frequency and phase place.
In the present invention, second level optical characteristics changes to the focal length endless or the value of endless almost from the very short value of focal length.Focal length can change on very wide scope.Therefore, the present invention is quite valuable in practice and can be applied in the various application.
Fig. 2 shows the Potential Distributing in the space between first and second electrodes, and this is when apply Vo=70V (fixed value that is used for optimum performance) and second voltage (control voltage) is viewed when Vc=10V is applied to third electrode 23 between first electrode 21 and second electrode 22.In Fig. 2, z is an optical axis direction, and y is and the direction of optical axis with right angle intersection.Should be noted that the z shown in z, y and x and Fig. 1, y and x are identical.If the gradient that the equipotential line definition is steep, then the focal length of lens is short.If the slow gradient of they definition, then the focal length of lens is long.
Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B show other Potential Distributing, promptly can be in liquid crystal layer observed two Potential Distributing.Fig. 3 A shows when viewed Potential Distributing when applying Vo=70V (fixed value that is used for optimum performance) between first electrode 21 and second electrode 22 and apply second voltage (control voltage) Vc=10V between first electrode 21 and third electrode 23.Fig. 3 B shows viewed Potential Distributing when controlling change in voltage and applying second voltage (control voltage) Vc=20V.This variation of Potential Distributing is corresponding to the inclination angle of liquid crystal molecule and corresponding to the refraction angle of light.Focal length under focal distance ratio Fig. 3 A condition under Fig. 3 B state is long.
In Fig. 4, A, B, C and D show and how to distribute according to the observed phase of light wave of the optical axis of optical element of the present invention.Or rather, A, B, C and D show: when the control voltage Vc that is applied to third electrode 23 is changed to 0V, 20V, 40V and 60V, and when fixed voltage Vo=70V was applied to first electrode 21 and second electrode 22, how the PHASE DISTRIBUTION of light wave changed.To what D saw, Vc is high more for control voltage as the A from Fig. 4, and the interval between the interference fringe is long more.Interval between the interference fringe is long more, and the refraction of light is just more not remarkable, and focal length is long more thus.
Fig. 5 shows the light wave that passes liquid crystal lens and how to reach and have light phase and postpone φ.Basically, this light has the square distribution characteristic.Therefore, its phase delay reduces outside y is axial gradually.When control voltage (second voltage) increased, the phase differential between lens center and its periphery reduced.Therefore, the focal length during the focal distance ratio Vc=10V during Vc=50V is long.
Fig. 6 represents according to the relation between the focal length variations of optical element of the present invention and the above-mentioned control voltage Vc.When control voltage Vc changed, focal length also changed.The invention is not restricted to the foregoing description.
Fig. 7 shows the structure of another embodiment of the present invention.The parts identical with parts shown in Figure 1 are represented by identical Reference numeral.The difference of this embodiment and first embodiment is the structure of liquid crystal layer 311.In the present embodiment, liquid crystal layer 311 comprises the first liquid crystal layer 311a, the second liquid crystal layer 311b and insulation course 312 (being made by clear glass).The first and second liquid crystal layer 311a and 311b are separated by the insulation course 312 that is inserted between them.
So configuration, liquid crystal layer 311 can be with high speed responsive.Square being inversely proportional to of the response speed of any liquid crystal layer and this layer thickness.Therefore, this layer 311 responsive control signal can be than the element of Fig. 1 fast four times, and this is because it comprises two liquid crystal layers, i.e. ground floor 311a and second layer 311b.
Owing to have double-layer structure, liquid crystal layer 311 can obtain following advantage.If with same direction friction liquid crystal layer 311a and 311b, then liquid crystal molecule is oriented to same direction in two-layer 311a and 311b.As a result, the magnification of this lens acquisition can be the twice of individual layer power of a lens.In other words, when two lens combined, it can obtain identical effect, and therefore obtained short focal length.
In addition, if always along two directions with right angle intersection rub respectively liquid crystal layer 311a and 311b, then these lens can be as the liquid crystal cell that does not have polaroid.
Fig. 8 A and Fig. 8 B show another embodiment of the present invention.This optical element comprise two with element components identical shown in Figure 7.It is to have the upper unit that is mutually symmetrical and two cellular constructions of lower unit.The parts identical with parts shown in Figure 7 (first cell) are represented by identical Reference numeral.First and second cells shared second and third electrode 22 and 23.Second cell is positioned on first cell.Second cell has substrate 111-2 and 112-2, electrode 21-2, the first liquid crystal layer 311a-1, the second liquid crystal layer 311b-2, insulation course 312-2, public second electrode 22 and public third electrode 23.In the present embodiment, clearance G is between second electrode 22 and third electrode 23, and this is because these electrodes 22 and 23 are positioned at same plane.Second electrode 22 has otch 23a, and this otch 23a extends to the one side from its hole.23 guiding outer lead (lead line) 23a pass otch 23a from third electrode.Apply control voltage Vc by outer lead 23a.
Each can comprise two or more layers last liquid crystal layer that is mutually symmetrical and following liquid crystal layer.If like this, then will further improve this lens capability and response speed.
In the present invention, liquid crystal layer can be made by the material that bifrequency drives type, promptly plays the effect of N type when being driven by high-frequency signal (tens KHz) and when playing the effect of P type when driving with low frequency signal (approximately 100Hz).If this liquid crystal layer is made by this material, then can improve the response speed of the orientation operation of liquid crystal molecule.
Fig. 9 A and Fig. 9 B show another embodiment of the present invention.In the embodiment shown in Figure 1A and Figure 1B, fixed voltage is applied to second electrode 22.In the present embodiment, second electrode 22 is divided into two sections or multistage, and for example, four electrode section 22a shown in Fig. 9 B are to 22d.Can carry out small change by the voltage that 55 pairs of control modules are applied on these electrodes.In others, present embodiment is identical with the embodiment of Figure 1A and Figure 1B.
Figure 10 A shows the structure of control module 55.How Figure 10 B explanation focus when control module 55 control focal positions moves.
The voltage that is applied to electrode section 22a comes from the slide head of variohm 55a.Its value changes in the scope of voltage-V at voltage+V.Similarly, the voltage that is applied to electrode 22b comes from the slide head of variohm 55b and changes in the scope of voltage-V at voltage+V; The voltage that is applied to electrode 22c comes from the slide head of variohm 55c and changes in the scope of voltage-V at voltage+V; And the voltage that is applied to electrode 22d comes from the slide head of variohm 55d and changes in the scope of voltage-V at voltage+V.
When being applied to electrode section 22a when the voltage of 22d takes place fine to change, focus can move along x direction of principal axis or y direction of principal axis or this both direction.In addition, focus can move along the z direction of principal axis.Therefore, the position of focus can be controlled with three dimensional constitution.
In Figure 11, A and B show by regulation voltage Vc, how to be fixed in the focal plane simultaneously along x direction of principal axis control focal position.Or rather, the A among Figure 11 shows how focus moves when being applied to the change in voltage of second electrode 22 in the space.B among Figure 11 shows focus residing position in the focal plane.
In Figure 12, A and B show how to control the focal position along the y direction of principal axis.Or rather, the A among Figure 12 shows how focus moves when being applied to the change in voltage of second electrode 22 in the space.The distance that the focus that shows B among Figure 12 moves.
In Figure 13, A and B show how to control the focal position along x direction of principal axis and y direction of principal axis.That is, the A among Figure 13 shows the voltage that is applied to second electrode 22, and the B among Figure 13 shows the distance that focus moves.
The invention is not restricted to the foregoing description.In these embodiments, liquid crystal lens plays convex lens.But,, also can easily make this liquid crystal lens as concavees lens work according to the present invention.
Figure 14 A and Figure 14 B show the embodiment that liquid crystal lens wherein plays the concavees lens effect.In this case, voltage applying unit 61 applies constant AC voltage Vo between first electrode 21 and third electrode 23, and voltage applying unit 62 applies voltage Vc between first electrode 21 and second electrode 22.Voltage Vc can change.Other any aspect, present embodiment is identical with the embodiment shown in Figure 1A and the 1B.
Figure 15 has described a kind of Potential Distributing, this is when viewed Potential Distributing when applying voltage Vo=60V (that is, being used to obtain the fixed value of optical characteristics) between first electrode 21 and the third electrode 23 and apply second voltage (control voltage) Vc=10V between first electrode 21 and second electrode 22.In Figure 15, z is the direction of optical axis extending, and y is the direction with right angle and this optical axis intersection.Should be noted that z, y and x are identical with their equivalent shown in Figure 1A and Figure 1B.Potential Distributing is opposite with distribution shown in Figure 2.This means that this liquid crystal lens is as concavees lens.
Figure 16 A shows different Potential Distributing with Figure 16 B.Figure 16 A shows when applying Vo=60V (being used to obtain the fixed value of optical characteristics) and with second voltage (control voltage) viewed Potential Distributing when Vc=5V is applied to second electrode 22 between first electrode 21 and third electrode 23.Figure 16 B shows viewed Potential Distributing when second voltage (control voltage) Vc being changed into 20V and apply.The variation of this electric potential difference is corresponding to the inclination angle of liquid crystal molecule and also corresponding to the refraction angle of light.Potential Distributing shown in Figure 16 A and Figure 16 B is opposite with the Potential Distributing shown in Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B.This means that this liquid crystal lens is as concavees lens.
Figure 17 shows how to have light phase delay φ when light passes liquid crystal lens.Basically, the phase delay of this light wave has the square distribution characteristic.Therefore, its phase delay reduces outside y is axial gradually.When control voltage (second voltage) changes, the phase differential Be Controlled between lens center and its periphery.Also promptly, this concavees lens characteristic can change.
How Figure 18 changes with above-mentioned control voltage Vc if showing focal length.When control voltage Vc changed, focal length also changed.
The embodiment that to the invention is not restricted to above-mentioned wherein liquid crystal lens be convex lens or concavees lens.In the present invention, convex lens and concavees lens can be used in combination.
Figure 19 shows a kind of multi-functional lens, its be Figure 1A and 1B embodiment (promptly, as the embodiment of convex lens) and the embodiment of Fig. 9 A and 9B is (promptly, the focal position can be with the embodiment of three dimensional constitution control) and the combination of the embodiment of Figure 14 A and the 14B embodiment of concavees lens (that is, as).The function of these lens can be switched between convex lens function and concavees lens function by switch 64 and 65.When these lens are used as convex lens, can finely tune the voltage of each section that is applied to second electrode independently of one another, regulate focus with three dimensional constitution thus.When these lens are used as concavees lens, can control the voltage of each section that is applied to second electrode independently of one another.
The invention is not restricted to the foregoing description.Under the situation that does not break away from the spirit or scope of the present invention, can revise the parts of arbitrary embodiment in every way, so that the present invention is applied in the reality.In addition, if necessary, can be in every way in conjunction with the parts of above-mentioned arbitrary embodiment, to draw different inventions.For example, can not use some parts of arbitrary embodiment.And, can be in any desired way in conjunction with the parts of different embodiment.The shape of third electrode can be limited by superpositing function or any power function of sinusoidal wave function, sinusoidal wave function.In the above-described embodiments, has a liquid crystal lens.But, a plurality of liquid crystal lens can be set, to form linear array or two-dimensional array.
Industrial applicibility
Can use in every way according to optical element of the present invention. They can be as amplifying Lens or be used for the used visual unit of robot.
Claims (12)
1, a kind of optical element, it comprises: first substrate has first electrode; Second substrate; Second electrode is arranged on outside this second substrate and has the hole; And liquid crystal layer, be arranged between described first substrate and described second substrate and constitute, and wherein between described first electrode and described second electrode, apply first voltage controlling the orientation of described liquid crystal molecule by the liquid crystal molecule of orientation,
It is characterized in that third electrode is arranged on the insulation course and outside described second electrode, and be configured to receive second voltage with described first independent from voltage; And described first voltage has the fixed value of the first order optical characteristics of optimum being given described optical element, and changes described second voltage so that the second level changes in optical properties of described optical element.
2, a kind of optical element, it comprises: first substrate has first electrode; Second substrate; Second electrode is arranged on outside this second substrate and has the hole; And liquid crystal layer, be arranged between described first substrate and described second substrate and constitute, and wherein between described first electrode and described second electrode, apply first voltage controlling the orientation of described liquid crystal molecule by the liquid crystal molecule of orientation,
It is characterized in that third electrode is arranged on the insulation course and outside described second electrode, and be configured to receive second voltage with described first independent from voltage; And described second voltage has the fixed value of the first order optical characteristics of optimum being given described optical element, and changes described first voltage so that the second level changes in optical properties of described optical element.
3, optical element according to claim 1 and 2, described second electrode that wherein has the hole is divided into a plurality of electrode sections around optical axis, and respectively control voltage independent of each other is applied on these described electrode sections.
4, optical element according to claim 1 and 2, the shape that it is characterized in that described third electrode by the superpositing function of sinusoidal wave function, sinusoidal wave function or arbitrarily power function limit.
5, optical element according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that an insulation course is divided into first liquid crystal layer and second liquid crystal layer with described liquid crystal layer, and perhaps a plurality of insulation courses are divided into a plurality of liquid crystal layers with described liquid crystal layer.
6, optical element according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that one or more insulation courses are divided into described liquid crystal layer to be configured to that described liquid crystal molecule is parallel to each other or mutual vertical orientated some liquid crystal layers.
7, optical element according to claim 1 and 2, it is driving to it is characterized in that making described liquid crystal layer to form bifrequency, and it plays the effect of N type and play the effect of P type when being driven by low frequency signal when being driven by high-frequency signal.
8, a kind of optical element is characterized in that comprising:
First substrate has first electrode that is positioned on the inside surface;
Second substrate is towards the described inside surface of described first substrate;
Second electrode is arranged on outside described first substrate and has the hole;
First liquid crystal layer is arranged between described first substrate and described second substrate and by liquid crystal molecule and constitutes;
Third electrode is by the insulated part setting and be connected to described second electrode;
The 3rd substrate is set to about described third electrode and the described second substrate symmetry;
Tetrabasal has second liquid crystal layer and the 3rd liquid crystal layer, and this second liquid crystal layer and the 3rd liquid crystal layer are set to respectively about described second and third electrode and described the 3rd substrate and described first liquid crystal layer and the described first substrate symmetry; And
Be used for applying first voltage between described first and second electrodes and between the described second and the 4th electrode and being used for and being applied to the device of described third electrode with second voltage of described first independent from voltage.
9, optical element according to claim 8 it is characterized in that insulation course is divided into the 3rd liquid crystal layer and the 4th liquid crystal layer with described first liquid crystal layer, and insulation course is divided into the 3rd liquid crystal layer and the 4th liquid crystal layer with described second liquid crystal layer.
10, optical element according to claim 8 is characterized in that described third electrode is arranged to separate with the described hole of described second electrode.
11, a kind of optical element, it comprises: first substrate has first electrode; Second substrate; Second electrode is arranged on outside this second substrate and has the hole; And liquid crystal layer, be arranged between described first substrate and described second substrate and constitute by the liquid crystal molecule of orientation, wherein between described first electrode and described second electrode, apply first voltage controlling the orientation of described liquid crystal molecule,
Wherein, third electrode is arranged on the insulation course and outside described second electrode, and is configured to receive second voltage with described first independent from voltage; The circuit that changes described second voltage is provided, and this circuit makes described first voltage remain fixed value simultaneously, thereby the control optical characteristics is so that described optical element plays convex lens; And the circuit that changes described first voltage is provided, and this circuit makes described second voltage remain fixed value simultaneously, thereby controls described characteristic so that described optical element plays concavees lens.
12, a kind of optical element, it comprises: first substrate has first electrode; Second substrate; Second electrode is arranged on outside this second substrate and has the hole; And liquid crystal layer, be arranged between described first substrate and described second substrate and constitute by the liquid crystal molecule of orientation, wherein between described first electrode and described second electrode, apply first voltage controlling the orientation of described liquid crystal molecule,
Wherein, third electrode is arranged on the insulation course and outside described second electrode, and is configured to receive second voltage with described first independent from voltage; First circuit is provided, and it makes described first voltage remain fixed value, thus based on described first voltage optimization, the first attitude optical characteristics, and change described second voltage, thus optimize second level optical characteristics; Second circuit is provided, and it makes described second voltage remain fixed value, thus based on the described second voltage optimization elicit illness state optical characteristics, and change described first voltage, thus optimize fourth stage optical characteristics; And switch is provided, and this switch is carried out the switching between described first circuit and described second circuit.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004246860 | 2004-08-26 | ||
| JP246860/2004 | 2004-08-26 | ||
| JP052626/2005 | 2005-02-28 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101010619A true CN101010619A (en) | 2007-08-01 |
| CN100489599C CN100489599C (en) | 2009-05-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2005800288060A Expired - Fee Related CN100489599C (en) | 2004-08-26 | 2005-08-25 | Liquid crystal lens |
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| CN (1) | CN100489599C (en) |
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